CN110214725B - Precise feeding method based on aquaculture behavior and big data mining - Google Patents
Precise feeding method based on aquaculture behavior and big data mining Download PDFInfo
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- CN110214725B CN110214725B CN201910600463.4A CN201910600463A CN110214725B CN 110214725 B CN110214725 B CN 110214725B CN 201910600463 A CN201910600463 A CN 201910600463A CN 110214725 B CN110214725 B CN 110214725B
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000007418 data mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical group [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behaviors and big data mining, wherein a plurality of layers of fish enclosing nets are sleeved in a feeding pond to divide the feeding pond into different levels of culture areas, a feeding boat is drawn by a drawing mechanism to pass through different culture areas during feeding, and a feeding mechanism feeds fish to each culture area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishery, in particular to an accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behaviors and big data mining.
Background
The aquaculture yield of China accounts for more than 70% of the total world yield, the aquaculture yield is the only country in the world with the yield exceeding the fishing yield, and the aquaculture industry is increasingly large in scale.
With the increasing world population, water resources can quickly become a factor for limiting a plurality of industries, the nutrition cost required by food production is further increased, the demand of southeast Asia countries on high-quality water products is greatly increased, the current situation of the fishing industry is kept or the fishing industry is in a descending trend, and the cultured aquatic products occupy the main market. Meanwhile, the water cost of agriculture, especially aquaculture industry, is increased, and the environmental pressure is increased. The biggest challenge in the 21 st century agricultural production is to produce more than 3 times the product using less resources. World bank global fishery program-2030 fishery project preliminary: the world aquaculture amount must be increased by 100% in 10-15 years in future to meet the increasing demand of people on aquatic products.
Pond culture, reservoir culture have always been the traditional aquaculture mode of china, but these aquaculture modes are mostly put in the breed with batch fry simultaneously, because the fry size that can lead to putting in same batch is different to the free growth progress difference of fry, and the ingestion habit of the fry of equidimension is different, lead to the competition aggravation between the fry from this, are unfavorable for the growth reproduction of fry, simultaneously for unable control aquaculture environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behavior and big data mining.
The technical scheme is as follows: an accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behaviors and big data mining comprises pond banks which are connected end to end, wherein a feeding pond is formed on the inner side of each pond bank, and the key is as follows:
selecting healthy and healthy first-instar fish seeds with complete body surface scales and no diseases or injuries, and putting the first-instar fish seeds into the breeding pond, wherein the weight of the fish seeds is more than or equal to 60 g/tail, and the stocking density is 100-200 kg/mu;
the fish containment net comprises a feeding pond, a plurality of fish containment nets and a plurality of fish containment nets, wherein the feeding pond is internally provided with at least two fish containment nets, all the fish containment nets are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the feeding pond is internally provided with a circle of fish containment net stand column corresponding to each fish containment net, the fish containment nets are arranged on the corresponding fish containment net stand columns in a surrounding manner, the meshes of the fish containment nets are gradually reduced from inside to outside, the meshes of the outermost fish containment net are larger than the sizes of the thrown fish species so as to facilitate the free penetration of the thrown fish species, the innermost fish containment net surrounds a big fish culture area, a small fish culture area is formed between the outermost fish containment net and the pond ridges, a middle-level culture area is formed between adjacent fish containment nets, each layer of fish containment net is respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, an inlet and outlet one-way valve is arranged in each inlet and outlet, and the inlet one-way valve allows the fish to pass from the outer side of the fish containment nets to inside;
a feeding boat floats in the feeding pond, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the feeding boat, the feeding boat is connected with a traction mechanism, feeding is forbidden within three days after fish seeds are thrown, the traction mechanism is utilized to pull the feeding boat to pass through the large fish culture area, the medium-grade culture area and the small fish culture area after three days, and the feeding mechanism is used for throwing feed into each culture area, wherein the throwing amount is 1-1.5 kg/mu/area, and the feeding is carried out once in the morning and at night every day;
stopping feeding every other month for 2-3 days, then using a traction mechanism to pull the feeding boat to the big fish culture area, and only feeding the conventional amount of feed in the big fish culture area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fry which is just put in can freely pass through each culture area to eat the feed put in each culture area, along with the increase of the culture time, the body form of the fry is gradually increased to cause that part of the fry with larger body form can not pass through the fish enclosing net any more, at the moment, the part of the fry is intercepted in the fish enclosing net to be continuously cultured, thereby achieving the purposes of carrying out the subarea culture and feeding on the fishes with different body forms, preventing snatching among the fishes, being beneficial to the quick growth and reproduction of the fry, for the fishes with larger body forms but still staying in a smaller first-level culture area, the part of the fishes are attracted to enter the larger first-level culture area through the in-out one-way valve by putting the feed in the big fish culture area positioned in the center, and the fishes can not return to the smaller first-level culture area due to the mesh size and the limitation of the in-out one-way valve after entering the larger first-level culture area, and the largest fish is positioned in the middle, and the device also has certain anti-theft hunting effect.
As further preferred:
before the fingerlings are put in, lime water is used for disinfecting the rearing pond, after disinfection, the disinfection water in the pond is drained and washed, after washing, the pond is exposed for 1-3 days, and toxicity test is carried out. By adopting the scheme, the survival rate of the thrown fish species is improved.
The feeding pond is connected with an aerator and a water pump, an environment sensing module is arranged in the feeding pond and comprises an environment detection upright post inserted at the bottom of the feeding pond, and an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH value sensor, a turbidity sensor and a pond water level sensor are arranged on the environment detection upright post;
monitoring the water environment in the rearing pond by using a boundary sensing module, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the oxygen content to be more than or equal to 4mg/L, the turbidity to be less than 10 ℃ and the water depth to be more than or equal to 2.5 m, adding an acid-base regulator to adjust the pH value of the water when the pH value deviates from a preset interval, opening the aerator to enrich the oxygen when the oxygen content is less than 4mg/L, dissolving alum according to the amount of 0.8-1.0 kg/mu when the turbidity is more than or equal to 10 ℃, splashing the alum in the whole rearing pond, opening a water pump to feed water when the water level in the rearing pond is less than 2.0 m, pumping out 1/5-1/3 water in the rearing pond when the temperature is more than 35 ℃, and injecting new low-temperature water until the water temperature is lower than 30 ℃.
By adopting the scheme, the water environment can be monitored at any time through the environment sensing module, and when the water environment deviates from the preset value, the water environment can be improved through the corresponding device, so that the fish growth is more suitable.
The method also comprises the step of putting a disease-preventing agent regularly, wherein the putting amount is 20-30g per cubic meter of water, and the disease-preventing agent is copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate mixture, trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorine dioxide and is put once every month. The method is favorable for improving the antiviral ability and survival rate of the fish.
A lifting seat is arranged below the big fish culture area, the fishing net stand columns of the big fish culture area are fixedly arranged on the lifting seat, optical signal receivers are arranged on the fishing net stand columns of the big fish culture area, the material density of the lifting seat is greater than the water density, at least three guide stand columns are arranged in the rearing pond, all the guide stand columns are uniformly distributed around the lifting seat, guide rings are movably sleeved on the guide stand columns, and the guide rings are fixedly connected with the lifting seat;
an air tank is formed in the lifting seat in a hollow mode, an in-tank liquid level sensor is installed in the air tank, the air tank is connected with an inflator pump through an air supply hose, a water inlet electromagnetic valve is arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat, and an exhaust electromagnetic valve is arranged at the top of the lifting seat;
after 3-4 months of breeding, closing the exhaust electromagnetic valve, opening the water inlet and outlet electromagnetic valve, inflating the water-air cabin by using an inflator pump until the lifting seat floats out of the water surface, enabling a worker to take the feeding boat to be close to the lifting seat, and sleeving a fish body mark on fish bodies which are captivated in the big fish culture area.
Adopt above-mentioned structure, when the concrete sign data of the fish that grows up to certain stage is measured to needs, close exhaust solenoid valve, open water inlet and outlet solenoid valve, thereby fill high-pressure gas in the aqueous vapor cabin through the inflator pump and make the water in the aqueous vapor cabin discharge, it rises to promote the seat, can conveniently measure the fish sign data in the big fish culture area when promoting the seat and rise to the certain degree, and for the fish after installing light signal transmitter on one's body, light signal receiver receives the signal that light signal transmitter sent, can acquire the behavior data of fish under water, after the observation, close the inflator pump, open exhaust solenoid valve, rivers get into the aqueous vapor cabin, the buoyancy of promotion seat is less than its gravity, it sinks to the bottom to promote the seat.
A circle of stop blocks are arranged on the upper periphery of the lifting seat, the inner sides of the stop blocks form a captive observation area, the stop blocks are hollow, and cavities of the stop blocks are communicated with the water-gas cabin. Adopt this structure, can be with promoting the seat and float out the surface of water completely, can still keep off partly water and support the fish through the dog this moment in the captive observation district, the observation personnel can closely observe, measure the sign of fish, can also further observe the behavior of ingesting of fish if spill some fodder in this region.
The fish enclosing net is formed by connecting a rigid wire netting positioned at the lower part and an elastic fishing net positioned at the upper part, wherein a floating ball is arranged at the upper part of the fishing net. By adopting the structure, when the boat needs to cross over the fish net, the floating ball is pressed down at the bottom of the boat, the fishing net on the upper part is deformed to facilitate the passing of the boat, and the boat automatically returns to the original position after passing.
The feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage barrel, a gravity sensor is installed at the bottom of a barrel cavity of the feed storage barrel, feed is stacked on the gravity sensor, a feeding pipe is installed on the outer wall of the feed storage barrel above the gravity sensor, the inner end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the barrel cavity of the feed storage barrel, the outer end of the feeding pipe extends out of a feeding ship and inclines downwards, and a feeding check valve is installed in the feeding pipe. By adopting the structure, the feed can automatically flow downwards under the action of dead weight after the feed one-way valve is opened to realize automatic feeding, the gravity sensor can monitor the residual quantity of the feed in real time, and the feed feeding amount can be controlled by detecting the residual quantity of the feed in the feeding process.
The feeding boat is provided with three feeding mechanisms, the large fish culture area, the small fish culture area and the middle-level culture area are respectively provided with an identification code, the identification codes are sequentially arranged along the passing path of the feeding boat, and the codes of the identification codes correspond to the culture areas and the feeding mechanisms one by one. By adopting the structure, when the traction mechanism pulls the feeding boat to pass through different culture areas, the identifier identifies the identification code, and the feeding boat stops to feed.
The traction mechanism comprises a feeding winch, a reset winch and two steering pulleys, wherein the feeding winch and the reset winch are arranged on pond ridges on two sides of the feeding pond in a facing mode, a passing path of the feeding ship is formed between the feeding winch and the reset winch, the two steering pulleys are arranged on the pond ridges on two sides of the passing path in a facing mode, two feeding traction ropes are connected to ship edges on two sides of the feeding ship respectively, the two feeding traction ropes are wound around the two steering pulleys respectively and are arranged on a roller of the feeding winch in a winding mode, a reset rope is arranged on the reset winch in a winding mode, and the free end of the reset rope is fixedly connected with the feeding ship. By adopting the structure, the two feeding traction ropes can well pull the feeding boat to pass through the small fish culture area and the middle-level culture area in sequence and then reach the large fish culture area, and the feeding boat is pulled by the feeding winch to return to the pond ridge side and finish feeding in the process when feeding next time, and the process is repeated.
The access check valve comprises an access control door, the access control door is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the fish enclosing net above the access opening, the rotating center line of the access control door is parallel to the horizontal direction, the area of the access opening is smaller than the covering area of the access control door, and the access control door covers the access opening. The structure is simple, and the reverse access of fishes can be effectively prevented.
The size of the entrance and the exit control door is gradually reduced from inside to outside. Because the fish that inwards breeds more is bigger, therefore corresponding access & exit and control door also should be bigger, compare with all access & exits and control door all set to great structure, because the control door that needs the installation on the outer layer encloses the fish net is less, can effectively alleviate the burden of corresponding enclosing the fish net, prevent to enclose the fish net and appear the phenomenon of collapsing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: different breed districts can breed the fish of equidimension not, also can breed the fish of different kinds of sizes, the rethread is thrown and is eaten the mechanism and carry out accurate feeding to the fish of different kinds, size, thereby prevent snatching between the fish and eat, be favorable to the fast growing of fry, breed, can monitor the situation of water at any time during breed, and can take the fish of holding back in big fish breed district as required to the surface of water, be convenient for closely observe its physique characteristic, ingest the characteristic etc..
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lifting seat;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion a of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the feeding mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a sensing farming system processor control block diagram;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the fish body identification;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the fish body logo;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a fish body identification;
fig. 9 is a circuit schematic diagram of a fish identification power supply driving circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behavior and big data mining comprises pond ridges 1 connected end to end, wherein a feeding pond is formed on the inner side of each pond ridge 1 and is connected with an aerator 26 and a water pump 27, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the fish pond is characterized in that a closed fish enclosing net 2 is further arranged in the fish pond, the fish enclosing net 2 divides the fish pond into different culture areas, specifically, the culture areas comprise a big fish culture area 1b, a small fish culture area 1c and at least one middle-level culture area 1a, at least two fish enclosing nets 2 are arranged in the fish pond, all the fish enclosing nets 2 are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the innermost fish enclosing net 2 encloses the big fish culture area 1b, the outermost fish enclosing net 2 and the pond ridges 1 enclose the small fish culture area 1c, the middle-level culture areas 1a are enclosed between the adjacent fish enclosing nets 2, and the meshes of the fish enclosing nets 2 are gradually reduced from inside to outside.
It corresponds every to raise the pond enclose fish screen 2 and be equipped with round fishing net stand 31 respectively, enclose fish screen 2 by the rigidity wire netting 2b that is located the lower part and be located the elastic fishing net 2a two parts connection that have on upper portion and form, wire netting 2b with correspond fishing net stand 31 fixed connection, it corresponds every on the fishing net 2a fishing net stand 31 is equipped with a soft sleeve respectively, soft sleeve piston is in corresponding on the fishing net stand 31, floater 2c is installed on the upper portion of fishing net 2a, fishing net 2a highly be greater than raise the height of pond highest water level-wire netting 2b, and fishing net 2a has certain redundancy like this to adaptable water level height of raising different in the pond.
Each layer of the fish enclosing net 2 is respectively provided with an entrance 5, an entrance check valve 6 is installed in the entrance 5, the entrance check valve 6 allows fish to pass through from the outer side to the inner side of the fish enclosing net 2, specifically, the iron wire net 2b is provided with the entrance 5, the entrance check valve 6 comprises an entrance control door, the entrance control door is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the fish enclosing net 2 above the entrance 5, the rotation center line of the entrance control door is parallel to the horizontal direction, the area of the entrance 5 is smaller than the covering area of the entrance control door, the entrance 5 is covered by the entrance control door, and the sizes of the entrance 5 and the entrance control door are gradually reduced from inside to outside;
a feeding boat 4 floats in the feeding pond, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the feeding boat 4, the feeding boat 4 is connected with a traction mechanism, and the traction mechanism pulls the feeding boat 4 to pass through different culture areas;
step 3, stocking the fry: selecting healthy and healthy first-instar fish species with complete body surface scales, no diseases and no injuries, wherein the weight of the fish species is more than or equal to 60 g/tail, the stocking density is 100-200 kg/mu, and the mesh of the outermost layer of the fish enclosing net 2 is larger than the body size of the thrown fish species;
step 4, feeding periodically: after three days, the feeding is forbidden, after three days, a traction mechanism is used for drawing a feeding boat 4 to pass through the big fish culture area 1b, the middle-level culture area 1a and the small fish culture area 1c, the feeding mechanism feeds the feed into each culture area, the feeding amount is 1-1.5 kg/mu/area, and the feeding is carried out once in the morning and at night each day;
step 5, daily management: the water body environment in the feeding pond is detected by using the environment sensing module 25, the pH is controlled to be 6.5-7.5, the oxygen content is more than or equal to 4mg/L, the turbidity is less than 10 ℃, the water body depth is more than or equal to 2.5 m, when the pH value deviates from the preset interval, an acid-base regulator is added to regulate the pH value of the water body, when the oxygen content is less than 4mg/L, the oxygen increasing machine 26 is opened to increase the oxygen, when the turbidity degree is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the alum is dissolved according to the amount of 0.8-1.0 kg/mu and then is splashed in the whole pool, when the water level in the pond is less than 2.0 m, the water pump 27 is started to feed water, when the temperature is more than 35 ℃, the water in the feeding pond 1/5-1/3 is pumped out, injecting new low-temperature water until the water temperature is lower than 30 ℃, and regularly putting a disease-preventing agent, wherein the putting amount is 20-30g per cubic meter of water, and the disease-preventing agent is copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate mixture, trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorine dioxide once every month;
For convenient detection, a lifting seat 30 is arranged below the big fish culture area 1b, the fishing net upright columns 31 of the big fish culture area 1b are fixedly arranged on the lifting seat 30, the fishing net upright columns 31 of the big fish culture area 1b are provided with optical signal receivers 18, the material density of the lifting seat 30 is higher than the water density, at least three guide upright columns 28 are inserted into the breeding pond, all the guide upright columns 28 are uniformly distributed around the lifting seat 30, guide rings 29 are movably sleeved on the guide upright columns 28, and the guide rings 29 are fixedly connected with the lifting seat 30;
promote the inside cavity of seat 30 and form aqueous vapor cabin 32, install in-deck level sensor 24 in the aqueous vapor cabin 32, aqueous vapor cabin 32 is connected with inflator pump 20 through air supply hose 21, air supply hose 21 is the heliciform, when promoting the seat 30 come-up or descend, the adaptable distance between the two of air supply hose 21 changes, the bottom that promotes seat 30 is equipped with into drainage solenoid valve 22, the top that promotes seat 30 is equipped with exhaust solenoid valve 23, it is equipped with the round dog to enclose on the promotion seat 30, preferably, the dog is located and corresponds enclose the outside of fish net 2, the inboard containment observation area that forms of dog, the inside cavity of dog, its cavity with aqueous vapor cabin 32 communicates.
Throw edible mechanism and include fodder storage bucket 7, just be equipped with two curved fixture blocks 19 on throwing the splint of feeding ship 4, fodder storage bucket 7 card is established between two fixture blocks 19, gravity sensor 8 is installed to the barrel chamber bottom of fodder storage bucket 7, the fodder 9 has been piled up on the gravity sensor 8, gravity sensor 8 top install feeding pipe 10 on the outer wall of fodder storage bucket 7, the inner of this feeding pipe 10 with the barrel chamber intercommunication of fodder storage bucket 7, the outer end of feeding pipe 10 stretches out throwing the feeding ship 4 and slope down, the internal diameter of feeding pipe 10 reduces from inside to outside gradually, it throws material check valve 11 to install in the feeding pipe 10.
In order to conveniently throw food, the feeding boat 4 is provided with three feeding mechanisms, different kinds of feed 9 are stored in a feed storage barrel 7 of each feeding mechanism, the feed 9 can be replaced by a medicine, when fish diseases occur, the mechanism can be used for realizing accurate feeding of the medicines, an identification code 12 is respectively arranged in the big fish culture area 1b, the small fish culture area 1c and the middle-level culture area 1a, the identification codes 12 are sequentially arranged along the passing path of the feeding boat 4, the codes of the identification codes 12 correspond to the culture areas and the feeding mechanisms one by one, and an identifier 13 is arranged on the feeding boat 4.
The traction mechanism comprises a feeding winch 14, a reset winch 15 and two steering pulleys 16, the feeding winch 14 and the reset winch 15 are arranged on pond ridges 1 on two sides of the feeding pond in a facing mode, a passing path of the feeding ship 4 is formed between the feeding winch 14 and the reset winch 15, the two steering pulleys 16 are arranged on the pond ridges 1 on two sides of the passing path in a facing mode, two ship edges on two sides of the feeding ship 4 are respectively connected with a feeding traction rope 17, the two feeding traction ropes 17 are wound on the two steering pulleys 16 respectively and then are wound on a roller of the feeding winch 14, a reset rope 18 'is wound on the reset winch 15, and the free end of the reset rope 18' is fixedly connected with the feeding ship 4.
As can also be seen from the figure, N optical signal receivers 18 ' are arranged in the big fish culture area 1b, the optical signal receivers 18 ' are respectively and fixedly installed on the fishing net columns of the big fish culture area 1b, and the optical signal receivers 18 ' are used for receiving optical signals emitted by the fish body identification.
All structures in the rearing pond in the embodiment jointly form a sensing cultivation system, the sensing cultivation system can timely detect cultivation data in the rearing pond, the cultivation data comprise implementation water body environment detection data, all fish movement data and cultivation pictures, and the water body environment detection data comprise water body oxygen content detected by the oxygen content sensor, temperature values detected by the temperature sensor, pH values detected by the pH value sensor and turbidity detected by the turbidity sensor.
As shown in fig. 5, the feeding mechanism is connected with a feeding controller K1, the traction mechanism is connected with a traction controller K2, and the environment sensing module 25 is connected with an environment sensing controller K3; in this embodiment, the value of E varies with the area and depth of the rearing pond, and in this embodiment, for different fish types, fish grades and fish sizes, the breeding environment, water depth, rearing feed and other breeding indexes have a set of standards. The applicant does not disclose this standard since it relates to commercial secrets.
In this embodiment, E is 75, and 75 environmental sensing modules 25 are distributed on 25 columns, three for each.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the system further comprises a processor K, and the feeding controller K1, the traction controller K2, the environmental perception controller K3, the fish school breeding controller K4 and at least one camera are connected to the processor K.
In this embodiment, raise and be provided with 25 environmental detection stands in the pond, 25 environmental detection stands evenly distributed is in raise in the pond, every be fixed with 3 environmental perception modules 25 on the environmental detection stand.
The oxygen content sensor, the temperature sensor, the pH value sensor, the turbidity sensor and the water level sensor in the pool are all connected with the environment sensing controller K3, the environment sensing controller K3 is fixed at the top end of the environment detection upright post, the environment sensing controller K3 is connected with an environment sensing wireless transmitter, the processor K is connected with a wireless receiver, and the environment sensing controller K3 is wirelessly connected with the processor K.
The gravity sensor 8 is connected with the feed weighing end of the feeding controller K1; the feeding one-way valve 11 is connected with a feeding control end of the feeding controller K1, the identifier 13 is connected with the feeding controller K1, and when the identifier 13 reads a code of any identification code 12, the feeding controller K1 controls to open the feeding one-way valve 11 of the corresponding feeding mechanism according to the obtained code.
The feeding winch 14 is connected with the feeding winch control end of the traction controller K2; the reset winch 15 is connected with a reset winch control end of the traction controller K2.
The liquid level detection end of the fish school breeding controller K4 is connected with the liquid level sensor 24 in the cabin; the inflation control end of the fish school breeding controller K4 is connected with the inflator pump 20; the water drainage control end of the shoal breeding controller K4 is connected with the water drainage electromagnetic valve 22; the exhaust control end of the fish school breeding controller K4 is connected with the exhaust electromagnetic valve 23.
As shown in fig. 2, a fish body tracking module L is further arranged in the rearing pond, the fish body tracking module L acquires positioning signals sent by fish body identification through multiple points, and tracks the position and the motion track of the fish body in real time to obtain fish motion data, and the fish body tracking module L is connected with a fish school breeding controller K4.
In this embodiment, the fish body tracking module L is disposed on the fishing net column 31, and 3 fish body tracking modules L are disposed on each fishing net column 31, and the 3 fish body tracking modules L are disposed on the lower portion, the middle portion and the upper portion of the fishing net column 31 respectively.
The fish body tracking module L includes F optical signal receivers 18, in this embodiment, F is 4, 4 optical signal receivers 18 are uniformly arranged on the fishing net upright 31 in the big fish culture area 1b in an encircling manner, as can be seen from fig. 5, 4 optical signal receivers 18 are used for acquiring optical signals emitted by any fish body identifier, 4 optical signal receivers 18 are respectively connected with 4 optical signal receiving terminals of the fish swarm culture controller K4, the fish swarm culture controller K4 is connected with a culture wireless transmitter, and the fish swarm culture controller K4 is wirelessly connected with the processor K;
6-9, the fish identification includes a placard H1 and a light source fish tracking piece H2, the light source fish tracking piece H2 being removably secured to the placard H1;
the tag H1 comprises a main tag H1a and an auxiliary tag H1b which are the same in size and shape, the main tag H1a comprises a mark surface and a lock catch surface, the auxiliary tag H1b comprises a lock hole surface and an auxiliary mark surface, a lock catch is arranged on the lock catch surface of the main tag H1a, a fixed lock hole is arranged on the lock hole surface of the auxiliary tag H1b, the main tag H1a and the auxiliary tag H1b are arranged oppositely, and are fixedly connected to a fish body through the lock catch and the fixed lock hole;
as can be seen from fig. 7, a two-dimensional code is provided on the identification surface of the primary label H1 a.
As can be seen from fig. 6 and 8, a first boss is formed on the locking surface of the main label and protrudes outwards from one end of the locking surface far away from the lock; one end of the auxiliary label lock hole surface, which is far away from the fixed lock hole, protrudes outwards to form a second boss; the first boss and the second boss are arranged oppositely to form a buckle seat H3 a;
a buckle H3b is arranged on the light source fish body tracking piece H2, and the light source fish body tracking piece H2 is connected with the label H1 through the male-female matching of the buckle H3b and the buckle seat 3 a.
As can be seen from fig. 8, in the present embodiment, a pair of first stoppers are symmetrically disposed on the first boss facing the locking step surface, and the pair of first stoppers are respectively disposed on both sides of the locking surface of the main signboard. A pair of second stop blocks is also symmetrically arranged on the step surface of the second boss facing the fixed lock hole, and the pair of second stop blocks are respectively arranged on two sides of the lock hole surface of the auxiliary label.
As can be seen from fig. 6 to 8, the fish tracking member H2 includes a housing, on the surface of which 2 groups of lamp light tubes H4 are disposed, and an LED lamp is fixed in each of the 2 groups of lamp light tubes H4 and is disposed to be connected to the power supply driving circuit;
as can be seen from fig. 9, the power supply driving circuit includes a dc power supply E, an anode of the dc power supply E is connected to an anode of a first LED lamp through a first resistor R1, a cathode of the first LED lamp is connected to one end of a first capacitor C1, another end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the anode of the dc power supply E through a second resistor R2, a common end of the first LED lamp and a first capacitor C1 is connected to a collector of a first triode Q1, and an emitter of the first triode Q1 is grounded; the positive electrode of the direct current power supply E is connected with the positive electrode of a second LED lamp through a fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the second LED lamp is connected with one end of a second capacitor C2, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply E through a third resistor R3, the common end of the second LED lamp and the second capacitor C2 is connected with the collector electrode of a second triode Q2, and the emitter electrode of the second triode Q2 is grounded; the common end of the first capacitor C1 and the second resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of the second triode Q2; the common end of the second capacitor C2 and the third resistor R3 is connected with the base of the first triode Q1.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An accurate feeding method based on aquaculture behaviors and big data mining comprises pond ridges (1) which are connected end to end, wherein a feeding pond is formed on the inner side of each pond ridge (1), and the method is characterized in that:
selecting healthy and healthy first-instar fish seeds with complete body surface scales and no diseases or injuries, and putting the first-instar fish seeds into the breeding pond, wherein the weight of the fish seeds is more than or equal to 60 g/tail, and the stocking density is 100-200 kg/mu;
the feeding pond is internally provided with at least two fish enclosing nets (2), all the fish enclosing nets (2) are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the feeding pond is internally provided with a circle of fish enclosing net stand columns (31) corresponding to each fish enclosing net (2), the fish enclosing nets (2) are arranged on the corresponding fish enclosing net stand columns (31) in a surrounding manner, meshes of the fish enclosing nets (2) are gradually reduced from inside to outside, the meshes of the fish enclosing nets (2) on the outermost layer are larger than the sizes of thrown fish seeds, so that the thrown fish seeds can freely pass through, the fish enclosing nets (2) on the innermost layer form a big fish culture area (1b), the fish enclosing nets (2) on the outermost layer and the pond ridges (1) form a small fish culture area (1c), the fish enclosing nets (2) on the adjacent layer are formed into a middle-level culture area (1a), each layer of fish enclosing nets (2) is respectively provided with an entrance (5), and an exit (6) is installed in the entrance and exit (5), the inlet and outlet one-way valve (6) allows fishes to pass through from the outer side to the inner side of the fish enclosing net (2);
a feeding boat (4) floats in the feeding pond, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the feeding boat (4), the feeding boat (4) is connected with a traction mechanism, feeding is prohibited within three days after fish seeds are fed, the traction mechanism is utilized to pull the feeding boat (4) to pass through the large fish culture area (1b), the medium-level culture area (1a) and the small fish culture area (1c) after three days, the feeding mechanism feeds the culture areas, the feeding amount is 1-1.5 kg/mu/area, and the feeding is carried out once in the morning and evening each day;
stopping feeding the feed for 2-3 days every other month, then utilizing a traction mechanism to pull the feeding boat (4) to the big fish culture area (1b), and only feeding the feed with a conventional amount in the big fish culture area (1 b);
before putting the fish seeds, lime water is needed to disinfect the feeding pool, after disinfection, the disinfecting water in the pool is drained and washed, after washing, the pool is exposed for 1-3 days, and toxicity test is carried out;
the automatic oxygen-enriching and water-saving breeding pond is characterized in that the breeding pond is connected with an oxygen-enriching machine (26) and a water pump (27), an environment sensing module (25) is arranged in the breeding pond, the environment sensing module (25) comprises an environment detection upright post inserted at the bottom of the breeding pond, and an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH value sensor, a turbidity sensor and a pond water level sensor are arranged on the environment detection upright post;
monitoring the water body environment in the rearing pond by using a environment sensing module (25), controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the oxygen content to be more than or equal to 4mg/L, controlling the turbidity to be less than 10 ℃ and controlling the water body depth to be more than or equal to 2.5 meters, adding an acid-base regulator to regulate the pH value of the water body when the pH value deviates from a preset interval, opening an aerator (26) to aerate when the oxygen content is less than 4mg/L, dissolving alum according to the amount of 0.8-1.0 kg/mu when the turbidity is more than or equal to 10 ℃, splashing the whole pond, opening a water pump (27) to feed water when the water level in the pond is less than 2.0 meters, and pumping out 1/5-1/3 water in the rearing pond when the temperature is more than 35 ℃, and injecting low-temperature new water until the water temperature is lower than 30 ℃;
a lifting seat (30) is arranged below the big fish culture area (1b), the fishing net stand columns (31) of the big fish culture area (1b) are fixedly installed on the lifting seat (30), the fishing net stand columns (31) of the big fish culture area (1b) are provided with optical signal receivers (18), the material density of the lifting seat (30) is greater than the water density, at least three guide stand columns (28) are arranged in the rearing pond, all the guide stand columns (28) are uniformly distributed around the lifting seat (30), guide rings (29) are movably sleeved on the guide stand columns (28), and the guide rings (29) are fixedly connected with the lifting seat (30);
a water-gas cabin (32) is formed in the lifting seat (30) in a hollow mode, an in-cabin liquid level sensor (24) is installed in the water-gas cabin (32), the water-gas cabin (32) is connected with an inflator pump (20) through an air supply hose (21), a water inlet and drainage electromagnetic valve (22) is arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat (30), and an exhaust electromagnetic valve (23) is arranged at the top of the lifting seat (30);
after 3-4 months of breeding, closing an exhaust electromagnetic valve (23), opening a water inlet and outlet electromagnetic valve (22), inflating the water-air chamber (32) by using an inflator pump (20) until the lifting seat (30) floats out of the water surface, enabling a worker to take a feeding boat (4) to be close to the lifting seat (30), and sleeving a fish body mark on fish bodies which are confined in the big fish breeding area (1 b);
the fish body identification comprises a label and a light source fish body tracking piece, and the light source fish body tracking piece is detachably fixed on the label;
the auxiliary label comprises a lock hole surface and an auxiliary identification surface, a lock catch is arranged on the lock catch surface of the main label, a fixed lock hole is arranged on the lock hole surface of the auxiliary label, and the main label and the auxiliary label are arranged oppositely and are fixedly connected to a fish body through the lock catch and the fixed lock hole;
a two-dimensional code is arranged on the identification surface of the main label H1 a;
a circle of stop blocks are arranged on the lifting seat (30) in a surrounding manner, the inner sides of the stop blocks form a captive observation area, the interior of each stop block is hollow, and the cavity of each stop block is communicated with the water-air chamber (32);
the fish enclosing net (2) is formed by connecting a rigid wire netting (2b) positioned at the lower part and an elastic fishing net (2a) positioned at the upper part, wherein a floating ball (2c) is arranged at the upper part of the fishing net (2 a);
the wire netting is fixedly connected with the corresponding fishing net stand columns, a flexible sleeve is arranged on each fishing net stand column corresponding to the fishing net, the flexible sleeves are movably sleeved on the corresponding fishing net stand columns, a floating ball is arranged on the upper portion of each fishing net, and the height of each fishing net is greater than the height of the wire netting at the highest water level in the feeding pond, so that the fishing nets have certain redundancy, and the fishing nets can adapt to different water level heights in the feeding pond;
the feeding mechanism comprises a feed storage barrel (7), a gravity sensor (8) is installed at the bottom of a barrel cavity of the feed storage barrel (7), feed (9) is stacked on the gravity sensor (8), a feeding pipe (10) is installed on the outer wall of the feed storage barrel (7) above the gravity sensor (8), the inner end of the feeding pipe (10) is communicated with the barrel cavity of the feed storage barrel (7), the outer end of the feeding pipe (10) extends out of the feeding ship (4) and inclines downwards, and a feeding check valve (11) is installed in the feeding pipe (10);
the feeding boat (4) is provided with three feeding mechanisms, the interior of the large fish culture area (1b), the interior of the small fish culture area (1c) and the interior of the middle-level culture area (1a) are respectively provided with an identification code (12), the identification codes (12) are sequentially arranged along the passing path of the feeding boat (4), and the codes of the identification codes (12) correspond to the culture areas and the feeding mechanisms one to one.
2. The aquaculture behavior and big data mining based precision feeding method of claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises the step of putting a disease-preventing agent regularly, wherein the putting amount is 20-30g per cubic meter of water, and the disease-preventing agent is copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate mixture, trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorine dioxide and is put once every month.
3. The aquaculture behavior and big data mining based precision feeding method of claim 1, wherein: the traction mechanism comprises a feeding winch (14), a reset winch (15) and two diverting pulleys (16), the feeding winch (14) and the reset winch (15) are arranged on the pond banks (1) at two sides of the feeding pond in a right way, a passing path of the feeding boat (4) is formed between the feeding winch (14) and the reset winch (15), the two diverting pulleys (16) are arranged on the pond banks (1) at two sides of the passing path in a right-facing manner, the two sides of the feeding boat (4) are respectively connected with a feeding hauling rope (17), the two feeding hauling ropes (17) are respectively wound on the rollers of the feeding windlass (14) after passing over the two diverting pulleys (16), a reset rope (18 ') is wound on the reset winch (15), and the free end of the reset rope (18') is fixedly connected with the feeding ship (4).
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