CN110196188A - A kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle - Google Patents
A kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110196188A CN110196188A CN201910468293.9A CN201910468293A CN110196188A CN 110196188 A CN110196188 A CN 110196188A CN 201910468293 A CN201910468293 A CN 201910468293A CN 110196188 A CN110196188 A CN 110196188A
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007656 fracture toughness test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010011376 Crepitations Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8803—Visual inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle, described specific step is as follows: heating Step 1: being placed in spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample in the heating instrument containing air atmosphere, temperature is 340-360 DEG C, soaking time 0.8-1.2h；Step 2: the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after heat treatment is cooled to room temperature, be broken sample on fracture instrument, obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample；Step 3: the spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample after fracture is placed under tool microscope, fault line is identified according to the color line of demarcation of different zones.The spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample Identification of Cracks technique provided according to the invention, the fast and effective identification of spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample crackle after fracture toughness JIC test may be implemented, the fracture toughness performance parameter that spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained for the later period lays important basis, and the application for spheroidal graphite cast-iron in wind-powered electricity generation and nuclear power field provides important data supporting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fracture of Metal Material mechanics properties testing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture is tough
The identification technique of property JIC sample crackle.
Background technique
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is referred to as " terminator " of crackle, with its excellent intensity and corrosion resistance, and it is simple raw
Production. art and equipment, low cost, in engineering, are especially widely used in wind-powered electricity generation and nuclear power field.Fracture toughnessJ IC
It is the important anti-severed finger mark of material, is the key parameters that engineering material is on active service safely.Therefore to spheroidal graphite cast-iron before engineering is on active service
Fracture toughnessJ ICIt is significant to carry out test evaluation.
Fracture toughnessJ ICTest principle is continuously to record load with test equipment by carrying out semi-static load to sample
The load of increase and crack propagation situationPLoad displacement of the linesVCurve obtains load by curve and stops loadP, plasticity componentU p、
The fatigue precracking length measured after sample fracturea 1And stablize running crack lengtha 2, substitute into elastic-plastic fracture toughnessJIntegral
Expression formula find out different propagation △aUnderJIntegrated value is fitted △a-JResistance curve, 0.2mm offset passivation line and resistance
The intersection point of curve is fracture toughnessJ ICValue.Therefore, in fracture toughnessJ ICIn test, testP-VThe acquisition of curve and sample are split
The measurement of line length is most important, fracture toughnessJ ICExperiment process is generally prefabricating fatigue crack-and opens side channel-breaking-down test-
Sample pretreating-measurement crackle.For the material of even tissue, whether during the fatigue loading of precrack, or
During the semi-static load of fracture toughness, fracture toughnessJ ICThe each position in sample crackle front end is in identical two to answering always
Power state, each position in crackle front end generates skid wire simultaneously under stress, is subsequently formed crackle and extends forward, when adding
When carrying stopping, fault line can be left on sample fracture face, the distance between fault line and sample loaded line are sample crackle
Length, this crack length can be read easily under tool microscope, or handle (i.e. 200-300 by general " turning blue "
DEG C heat treatment) after can also effectively identify, still, for the special material of some nonuniform organizations or coarse grains, such as ball
Black cast iron is infeasible using the method directly observed under microscope.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, providing a kind of knowledge of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle
Other technique.
The technical scheme is that a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle, described specific
Steps are as follows:
It is heated Step 1: being placed in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after fracture toughness test in the heating instrument containing air atmosphere
Processing, heating temperature are 340-360 DEG C, soaking time 0.8-1.2h；
Step 2: the spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness specimen after heat treatment is cooled to room temperature, be broken sample on fracture instrument, obtains
To spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample, the prefabricating fatigue crack region of fracture surface of sample and stablizes extended area different colors is presented；
Step 3: spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample is placed under tool microscope, identified according to the color line of demarcation of different zones
Fault line out.
It advanced optimizes, heats in the step 1 method particularly includes: begin to warm up heating, heating rate 8-
It 12 DEG C, when heating instrument temperature reaches 340-360 DEG C, is put into sample and starts to keep the temperature.
It advanced optimizes, the heating instrument in the step 1 is resistance-heated furnace.
It advanced optimizes, rate of temperature fall when spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is cooling in the step 2 is 0.8-1 DEG C/min.
It advanced optimizes, the machine for the sample that is broken in the step 2 is mechanics machine.
The invention has the benefit that
The metallographic structure of spheroidal graphite cast-iron is to be dispersed with a large amount of graphite nodule on ferrite matrix, two under stress, iron element
Matrix and graphite nodule intersection form stress and concentrate, and generate and slide and form crackle, by carrying out high temperature in resistance-heated furnace
Heat, will form different oxides on the fracture surface of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness specimen, to show different
Color, two kinds of color intersections are fault line, therefore the fast and effective identification of crackle may be implemented.
According to the spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample Identification of Cracks technique that the invention provides, spheroidal graphite cast-iron may be implemented
The fast and effective identification of sample crackle after fracture toughness JIC test, can obtain the fracture toughness performance of spheroidal graphite cast-iron for the later period
Parameter lays important basis, and the application for spheroidal graphite cast-iron in wind-powered electricity generation and nuclear power field provides important data supporting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of situation schematic diagram of fracture surface of sample after heat treatment
Fig. 2 is another situation schematic diagram of fracture surface of sample after heat treatment
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle, specific preparation process is as follows:
Step 1: the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after selection fracture toughness test is placed in resistance-heated furnace, heating is begun to warm up, is being added
Finally obtain the optimum process condition of heat treatment in heat treatment process by orthogonal test: heating temperature is 340-360 DEG C, heating
Rate is 8-12 DEG C, soaking time 0.8-1.2h；
Step 2: be cooled to room temperature under the conditions of rate of temperature fall is 0.8-1 DEG C/min after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is stopped heating,
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is broken on mechanics machine, obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron Fracture Toughness sample；
Step 3: spheroidal graphite cast-iron Fracture Toughness sample is placed under tool microscope, observed under tool microscope
The color line of demarcation of the color of two different zones, above two region is fault line, is shown after determining fault line by tool
Micro mirror measures the length of the fault line.
In the present invention, the technological parameter in step 1 is determined by orthogonal experiment, method particularly includes: it determines first such as
Heating rate shown in table 1, holding temperature, soaking time, four influence factors of rate of temperature fall and 1,2,3 three position grade are horizontal,
By aforementioned four influence factor and the horizontal determinations for carrying out optimum process conditions of three positions grade, orthogonal experiment as shown in Table 2,
9 schemes are selected to carry out orthogonal test, specific as follows:
Table 1 heats parameter factor water-glass
2 orthogonal design table of table
As shown in table 2, according to very poor data, holding temperature influences maximum in aforementioned four parameter factor, is main shadow
Secondly the factor of sound is heating rate, rate of temperature fall and soaking time, therefore is keeping heating rate, soaking time and cooling speed
The premise of three parameter constants of rate further confirms that, test result shows that holding temperature only exists to holding temperature range
Within the scope of 350 ± 10 DEG C, it is just able to achieve the effective identification and characterization of whole crackles, similarly, by testing to other parameters range
It is further confirmed that, finally the combination of determining spheroidal graphite cast-iron Identification of Cracks optimised process are as follows: 8 ~ 12 DEG C/min of heating rate is protected
340 ~ 360 DEG C of temperature, 0.8 ~ 1.2h of soaking time, 0.8 ~ 1.0 DEG C/min of rate of temperature fall.
Embodiment 2
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron of two batches is chosen by fracture toughnessJ ICAfter test, using Identification of Cracks technique provided by the invention
Heated, the fracture surface of sample photo after heat treatment is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, on the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of two pieces of unlike materials
Occur obvious blue, dark brown and light brown, dark brown, two kinds of colors in above-mentioned same spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture surface of sample respectively
Intersection is fault line, and fracture crack is high-visible, and crack length can be obtained effectively.
Main feature of the invention, application method, the course of work, basic principle and the present invention has been shown and described above
The advantages of.Industry technical staff is it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, in above embodiments and description
Description merely illustrates the principles of the invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention can also be according to reality
Border situation has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The present invention claims
Protection scope is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle, which is characterized in that described specific step is as follows:
It is heated Step 1: being placed in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after fracture toughness test in the heating instrument containing air atmosphere
Processing, heating temperature are 340-360 DEG C, soaking time 0.8-1.2h；
Step 2: the spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness specimen after heat treatment is cooled to room temperature, be broken sample on fracture instrument, obtains
To spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample, the prefabricating fatigue crack region of fracture surface of sample and stablizes extended area different colors is presented；
Step 3: spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture sample is placed under tool microscope, identified according to the color line of demarcation of different zones
Fault line out.
2. a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Heat in the step 1 method particularly includes: begin to warm up heating, heating rate is 8-12 DEG C, when electric heating instrument reaches
When to 340-360 DEG C, it is put into sample and starts to keep the temperature.
3. a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Heating instrument in the step 1 is resistance-heated furnace.
4. a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Rate of temperature fall when spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is cooling in the step 2 is 0.8-1 DEG C/min.
5. a kind of identification technique of spheroidal graphite cast-iron fracture toughness JIC sample crackle as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The machine of fracture sample is mechanics machine in the step 2.
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| CN201910468293.9A CN110196188B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Identification process for crack of nodular cast iron fracture toughness JIC sample |
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| CN201910468293.9A CN110196188B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Identification process for crack of nodular cast iron fracture toughness JIC sample |
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| CN110196188B CN110196188B (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115684533A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-02-03 | 中机生产力促进中心有限公司 | Method for evaluating ductile iron spent fuel transport container casting |
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