CN110165171A - A kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material and preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material and preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN110165171A
CN110165171A CN201910410113.1A CN201910410113A CN110165171A CN 110165171 A CN110165171 A CN 110165171A CN 201910410113 A CN201910410113 A CN 201910410113A CN 110165171 A CN110165171 A CN 110165171A
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composite material
cobalt
nano flower
solution
cobalt disulfide
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CN110165171B (en
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廖松义
闵永刚
刘屹东
张诗洋
王勇
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Guangdong University of Technology
Dongguan South China Design and Innovation Institute
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Guangdong University of Technology
Dongguan South China Design and Innovation Institute
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/581Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
    • H01M4/5815Sulfides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027Negative electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material and preparation method and application, the primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material is added to GO aqueous solution in the mixed solution of soluble cobalt aqueous solution and vulcanizing agent aqueous solution, it is agitated, after ultrasound, by resulting GO mixed solution in stainless steel cauldron, it is reacted at 150~280 DEG C, furnace cooling, solid progress freeze-drying process can be obtained after suction filtration and be made.The composite material has the three-dimensional microstructures of nano flower-like, and nano flower is made of cobalt disulfide single-chip, and for growth in situ on two-dimentional rGO nanometers of sheet matrix, which can effectively accommodate bulk effect of the cobalt disulfide in charge and discharge process, conduct electricity very well.Meanwhile the composite material has excellent charge-discharge performance and high rate performance, can be applicable in lithium ion battery negative material field.

Description

A kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material and its preparation side Method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion battery negative, more particularly, to a kind of primary reconstruction nanometer Flower-shaped cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material and preparation method and application.
Background technique
With social progress and development, the energy problem that the mankind are faced is increasingly prominent.Lithium ion battery is as current It is the most successfully commercialized energy storage device, it is worried for the part in terms of energy storage to alleviate people, therefore receive all circles The heat of personage is held in both hands.Particularly, it due to green/environmental protection of lithium ion battery and the advantages such as can be recycled, is led in electric car Domain is widely developed application.Currently, negative electrode active material employed in lithium ion battery is usually various leads in the market Electrically it is good/with layer structure graphite type material, theoretical specific capacity 372mAh/g, relatively be suitble to lithium ion insertion with Deintercalation, and show higher coulombic efficiency for the first time and preferable cyclical stability.But with the development of industry and technology, More stringent requirements are proposed for performance parameter such as capacity, energy density and cycle life of the people to lithium ion battery, and graphite-like is negative The lithium ion battery of pole material preparation is in the requirement for being unable to satisfy energy-density lithium ion battery at present.
For cobalt disulfide as lithium ion battery electrode material, theoretical specific capacity is typically up to > 700mAh/g, is commercialization More than at least twice of graphite negative electrodes material, in addition, element sulphur reserves are very rich, price is very cheap, and cobalt disulfide The embedding lithium voltage of material is relatively low, is highly suitable as the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery cell of next-generation high-energy.So And such material can generate biggish cubical expansivity, lead to cobalt disulfide material in entering lithium ion charge and discharge process It dusting and falls off, one side will affect the contact between active material and collector, the electronic transmission process of obstruction;Another party Face also results in solid electrolyte interface film progressive additive in cyclic process, to constantly consume lithium ion and will increase Internal battery impedance, so that capacity and coulombic efficiency are constantly decayed, cycle life decline.Therefore, it is necessary in its charge and discharge process The bulk effect for buffering its generation, to improve its cyclical stability as far as possible.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, currently used solution be prepare vulcanization cobalt nano-particle, prepare cobalt sulfide piece, and It is compound with carbon material progress, it is a kind of more promising method.But existing cobalt sulfide/graphene composite material, Simple mechanical cladding only is carried out to cobalt disulfide material, its capacity is played and the improvement of cycle life is all than relatively limited, It is unable to satisfy the demand of current industrialization.RGO is as the two-dimensional material haveing excellent performance, superior electric conductivity and nano lamellar Structure, in favor of the every field by scientists.But in the preparation of new type lithium ion composite material, there are no complete Complete play embodies its special value.Particularly, there is presently no researchs to report, gives birth in situ in two-dimentional rGO nanometer sheet The lithium ion composite material of the three-dimensional structure of long cobalt disulfide nano flower-like.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in above-mentioned carbon negative pole material in the prior art and its similar composite material in high-energy density lithium Deficiency and disadvantage present in ion battery application, the primary purpose of the present invention is that providing a kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like Cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material.The flexible structure that the composite material has preferable three-dimensional manometer flower-shaped, can adequately send out The capacity of cobalt disulfide nanoparticle is waved, and can effectively accommodate its bulk effect in charge and discharge process, is had good Electric conductivity, excellent multiplying power and cycle performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite woods The preparation method of material.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite woods The application of material.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material, two sulphur of primary reconstruction nano flower-like Changing cobalt/rGO composite material is added to GO aqueous solution in the mixed solution of soluble cobalt aqueous solution and vulcanizing agent aqueous solution, It is agitated, after ultrasound, by resulting GO mixed solution in stainless steel cauldron, reacts, furnace cooling, take out at 150~280 DEG C Solid progress freeze-drying process will be obtained after filter to be made.
Preferably, soluble cobalt is CoCl in the soluble cobalt aqueous solution2、C4H6CoO4、CoSO4、Co(NO3)2 And more than one in the hydrate of above-mentioned salt.
Preferably, vulcanizing agent is one of vulcanized sodium, thioacetamide, L-cysteine in the vulcanizing agent aqueous solution More than.
Preferably, the soluble cobalt and the molar ratio of vulcanizing agent are (0.5~1): 1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the rGO and vulcanizing agent is (0.1~1): 1.
Preferably, 0.01~0.1mol/L of concentration of the soluble cobalt aqueous solution, the vulcanizing agent aqueous solution it is dense Spend 0.01~0.1mol/L.
Preferably, the time of the stirring is 5~60min;The time of the ultrasound is 30~120min, the reaction Time be 12~36h;The temperature of the freeze-drying is -40~-50 DEG C, and the time of the freeze-drying is 24~48h.
Primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material preparation method, including following specific step It is rapid:
S1. soluble cobalt and vulcanizing agent are dissolved separately in deionized water, obtain solution A and solution B;
S2. solution A is added in solution B after being mixed evenly, obtains solution C;
S3. GO aqueous solution is added in solution C, it is agitated, GO mixed solution D is obtained after ultrasonic disperse;
S4. solution D being poured into stainless steel cauldron, dry isothermal holding is filtered again after furnace cooling, consolidate Body D;
S5. to get primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material after solid D being freeze-dried.
Preferably, described in step S1 by the volume ratio of the quality of soluble cobalt and deionized water be (1000~ 2000): 100mg/mL;The quality of the vulcanizing agent and the volume ratio of deionized water are (40~400): 100mg/mL.
The primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material is in lithium ion battery negative material field In application.
Soluble cobalt and vulcanizing agent are first dissolved separately in deionized water by the present invention, are then sufficiently mixed both It uniformly and completely reacts, GO aqueous solution is added later, the product after making reaction is adsorbed on GO two-dimensional nano on piece, and dispersion stirring is equal It is even, then by simple hydro-thermal reaction, it is self-assembly of cobalt disulfide growth in situ in GO nanometer sheet then at single-chip Nanometer flower structure, cobalt disulfide and GO material combine closely in microstructure, while GO is also reduced into rGO, and Orderly porous sheet structure interconnected is also formed between piece.Finally again by being filtered and being freeze-dried to product Processing, obtains the flower-shaped cobalt disulfide of three-dimensional manometer/rGO composite material.In the negative electrode material obtained by above technical scheme, two Cobalt sulfide single-chip is self-assembly of three-dimensional nanostructure in rGO on piece, while being also connected with each other between rGO piece and piece, shape At orderly porous structure, a kind of three-dimensional manometer is finally obtained and has spent three-dimensional porous structure.
Cobalt disulfide is nano flower-like in primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material of the invention, this Be conducive to improve gram volume performance of the material in charge and discharge process, and the nano flower is made of nano crystal piece, structure is single Stablize, shows good cyclical stability.Meanwhile the nano flower primary reconstruction can reduce the two in rGO nanometer sheet Between contact resistance.And the orderly porous channel interconnected formed between rGO nanometer sheet, be conducive to the storage of lithium ion The infiltration with electrolyte is deposited, so that cobalt disulfide nano flower be made to have one preferably to contact with electrolyte.In addition, growth in situ Cobalt disulfide nano flower plays supporting role to rGO layers, is beneficial to prevent the heap again of layer structure collapsed with rGO layers Pile keeps preferable flexible structure, effective channel is provided for the transmission of electronics and lithium ion, so that cobalt disulfide nanometer Flower/rGO composite material has preferable high rate performance.And the rGO layer being located at outside cobalt disulfide nano flower has completely cut off curing Cobalt nano flower is directly contacted with electrolyte, guarantees that solid electrolyte interface film on the surface of graphene, forms stable solid-state Electrolyte interface film.And the rGO piece of three-dimension flexible can effectively accommodate volume effect of the cobalt disulfide in charge and discharge process It answers, keeps higher specific capacity.Therefore, using technical scheme preparation primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/ RGO composite material has excellent charge-discharge performance and high rate performance.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material of the invention is with preferable three-dimensional manometer flower The flexible structure of shape can fully play the capacity of cobalt disulfide nanoparticle, and can effectively accommodate it in charge and discharge Bulk effect in journey, has good conductive property, excellent multiplying power and cycle performance.
2. active material of the invention is cobalt disulfide, it is nanometer flower structure made of nanometer monocrystalline self assembly, is conducive to It gives full play to capacity during charge and discharge cycles and keeps excellent cyclical stability.RGO has composite material simultaneously There is three-dimensional porous structure, be conducive to the storage of ion and the infiltration of electrolyte, is conducive to active material and is preferably connect with electrolyte Touching, provides effective channel for the transmission of electronics and lithium ion, so that cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material has preferable times Rate performance.
3. the supporting role in the present invention due to cobalt disulfide nano flower to rGO can keep preferable flexible knot Structure can effectively accommodate bulk effect of the cobalt disulfide in charge and discharge process, and higher specific capacity is kept to conduct electricity very well, With excellent charge-discharge performance and high rate performance and higher coulombic efficiency for the first time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph made from embodiment 1 Piece.
Fig. 2 is primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material rate charge-discharge made from embodiment 1 Performance curve.
Specific embodiment
Further detailed description is done to the present invention below with reference to embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1. by 5mmol CoSO4·7H2O and 10mmol NaS is dissolved separately in 40mL deionized water, and it is molten to obtain pink A Liquid and transparent B solution;
2. being slowly added in B solution after mixing, 30min be sufficiently stirred to the solution A described in step 1, obtain pale red Color C solution;
3. the aqueous solution for weighing the GO containing 50mg is added to the C solution in step 2, after stirring 30min, ultrasonic disperse 10min After obtain GO mixed solution D;
4. solution D described in step 3 is poured into 100mL stainless steel cauldron, then it is placed in air dry oven, at 150 DEG C Heat preservation 36h is carried out, is filtered again after furnace cooling, solid D is obtained;
5. solid D described in step 4 is placed in freeze drying box after being dried to get primary reconstruction nano flower-like two Cobalt sulfide/rGO composite material.
Fig. 1 is primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph made from the present embodiment Piece.As can be known from Fig. 1, cobalt disulfide is the nano flower-like of 200~300nm of size or so, and growth in situ is in reduction-oxidation graphite Alkene on piece, cobalt disulfide nano flower are flower-shaped by the cross that the nanometer sheet that thickness is 20~30nm forms.Fig. 2 is made from the present embodiment Primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material rate charge-discharge performance curve.As can be known from Fig. 2, pure two sulphur Charging capacity and the high rate performance for changing cobalt are all poor, and cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material then shows more excellent charge and discharge Performance, it is~500mAh/g that gram volume can be kept under the current density of 2.0A/g, after high rate charge-discharge, capacity It can be restored to 700mAh/g (0.5A/g), illustrate that cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material has stronger reversible recovery capability.
Embodiment 2
1. by 3mmol CoCl2·6H2O and 3mmol TAA (thioacetamide) is dissolved separately in 40mL deionized water, Obtain pink solution A and transparent B solution;
2. being slowly added in B solution after mixing, 30min be sufficiently stirred to the solution A described in step 1, obtain pale red Color C solution;
3. the aqueous solution for weighing the GO containing 30mg is added to the C solution in step 2, after stirring 30min, ultrasonic disperse 10min After obtain GO mixed solution D;
4. solution D described in step 3 is poured into 100mL stainless steel cauldron, then it is placed in air dry oven, at 150 DEG C Heat preservation 36h is carried out, is filtered again after furnace cooling, solid D is obtained;
5. solid D described in step 4 is placed in freeze drying box after being dried to get primary reconstruction nano flower-like two Cobalt sulfide/rGO composite material.
Embodiment 3
1. by 4mmol CoCl2·6H2O and 4mmol L-cysteine is dissolved separately in 40mL deionized water, obtains powder Red solution A and transparent B solution;
2. being slowly added in B solution after mixing, 30min be sufficiently stirred to the solution A described in step 1, obtain pale red Color C solution;
3. the aqueous solution for weighing the GO containing 40mg is added to the C solution in step 2, after stirring 30min, ultrasonic disperse 10min After obtain GO mixed solution D;
4. solution D described in step 3 is poured into 100mL stainless steel cauldron, then it is placed in air dry oven, at 150 DEG C Heat preservation 36h is carried out, is filtered again after furnace cooling, solid D is obtained;
5. solid D described in step 4 is placed in freeze drying box after being dried to get primary reconstruction nano flower-like two Cobalt sulfide/rGO composite material.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by change, modification, substitution, combination and simplify, It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material, which is characterized in that the primary reconstruction is received Popped rice shape cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material is that GO aqueous solution is added to soluble cobalt aqueous solution and vulcanizing agent aqueous solution It is agitated in mixed solution, after ultrasound, by resulting GO mixed solution in stainless steel cauldron, reacted at 150~280 DEG C, Furnace cooling, solid will be obtained after suction filtration will carry out freeze-drying process being made.
2. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating soluble cobalt in soluble cobalt aqueous solution is CoCl2、C4H6CoO4、CoSO4、Co(NO3)2And in the hydrate of above-mentioned salt More than one.
3. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Stating vulcanizing agent in vulcanizing agent aqueous solution is one or more of vulcanized sodium, thioacetamide, L-cysteine.
4. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The molar ratio for stating soluble cobalt and vulcanizing agent is (0.5~1): 1.
5. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The mass ratio for stating rGO and vulcanizing agent is (0.1~1): 1.
6. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute State the concentration 0.01~0.1mol/L, 0.01~0.1mol/L of concentration of the vulcanizing agent aqueous solution of soluble cobalt aqueous solution.
7. primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The time for the stirring stated is 5~60min;The time of the ultrasound is 30~120min, and the time of the reaction is 12~36h; The temperature of the freeze-drying is -40~-50 DEG C, and the time of the freeze-drying is 24~48h.
8. the preparation of primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 1-7 Method, which is characterized in that comprise the following specific steps that:
S1. soluble cobalt and vulcanizing agent are dissolved separately in deionized water, obtain solution A and solution B;
S2. solution A is added in solution B after being mixed evenly, obtains solution C;
S3. GO aqueous solution is added in solution C, it is agitated, GO mixed solution D is obtained after ultrasonic disperse;
S4. solution D is poured into stainless steel cauldron, dry isothermal holding is filtered again after furnace cooling, obtains solid D;
S5. to get primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material after solid D being freeze-dried.
9. the preparation side of three-dimensional primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite material according to claim 8 Method, which is characterized in that described in step S1 by the volume ratio of the quality of soluble cobalt and deionized water be (1000~2000): 100mg/mL;The quality of the vulcanizing agent and the volume ratio of deionized water are (40~400): 100mg/mL.
10. the described in any item primary reconstruction nano flower-like cobalt disulfide/rGO composite materials of claim 1-7 are in lithium ion Application in cell negative electrode material field.
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CN111129494A (en) * 2019-12-28 2020-05-08 常州大学 Preparation method of sulfo-spinel/graphene electrode material and electrode material thereof
CN113120970A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-16 东南大学 Method for preparing compound containing crystal water cobalt sulfate and redox graphene
CN114956214A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 慧迈材料科技(广东)有限公司 Nickel disulfide cross nanoflower material and preparation method and application thereof

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