CN110156517A - One cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110156517A CN110156517A CN201910476707.2A CN201910476707A CN110156517A CN 110156517 A CN110156517 A CN 110156517A CN 201910476707 A CN201910476707 A CN 201910476707A CN 110156517 A CN110156517 A CN 110156517A
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- peanut
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of soil fertilizer, cultivate peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof more particularly to one.The peanut Special slow release fertilizer is in granular form, and including the first functional layer, the second functional layer and superficial film being arranged from inside to outside, each layer includes the raw material components of special formulation.Peanut Special slow release fertilizer in the present invention has excellent slow release effect, effectively increases the utilization rate of the inorganic fertilizers such as nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, calcium powder during peanut cultivation, avoids the wasting of resources and environmental pollution；Meanwhile for a series of problems that peanut continuous cropping easily causes, effectively slow down soil-borne disease, improve soil environment, enhance the anti-adversity ability of crop, creates good environment for crop growth；By the improvement of peanut cultivation environment and the offer of corresponding fertilizer nutrient, peanut yield is further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of soil fertilizer, cultivate peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof more particularly to one.
Background technique
Peanut is one of Important Economic crop and the main oil variety of high quality food oil in China.Wide farmers are to flower
The attention of raw cultivation is continuously improved, and the investment of plantation peanut is gradually expanded, and there is blindly apply the phenomenon that climbing in many areas.Appoint
The growth of what crop all be unable to do without nutrient, is only unable to satisfy crop with the nutrient supply in only earth and preferably grows, therefore fertilizer
Play a part of not replacing in terms of guaranteeing plant growth and yield.Much studies have shown that the rational application of fertilizer is to improve peanut to produce
Amount, the effective way of improving quality, blindly fertilising can waste the source of manure, and long-time service can then cause soil aggregate structure by broken
It is bad, it causes soil hardening, soil property to be hardened, increases soil-borne disease probability, or even will cause crop failure.China's this season nitrogenous fertilizer simultaneously
Utilization rate is only 20%~35%, and the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is 10%~20%, and the utilization rate of potash fertilizer is 30%~60%, is far below
World Developed Countries utilize level.The low huge waste for not only causing resource of utilization rate of fertilizer, returns ring for the survival of mankind
Border causes serious pollution.Therefore, it researches and develops a kind of slow controlled release special fertilizer material and has become heat new in fertilizer circle research field
Point.
Peanut continuous cropping refers to continuously plants peanut in same piece of land, and continuous cropping is usually also referred to as " continuous cropping " in production.Continuous cropping
After obstacle refers to continuous cropping, though in the case where normal management, can also generate yield reduce, quality deteriorates, bearing status becomes
Situations such as poor.It therefore, is the key that improve peanut yield to the improvement of peanut root soil environment.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as present invention is directed to peanut soil hardening, peanut continuous cropping, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, develops a kind of peanut of multiple-effect
Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof improves soil environment to soil-borne disease is slowed down, and improving peanut yield has remarkable result.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide one and cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer, is in granular form, including what is be arranged from inside to outside
First functional layer, the second functional layer and superficial film, each layer include the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The composite synergist includes marine algae extract, humic acid, chitosan, microbial germ powder, the marine algae extract,
Humic acid, chitosan, microbial germ powder weight ratio be 1~5:1~5:1~5:0.1~1.
The present invention has found in research and development, passes through the first functional layer containing said components, the second functional layer and superficial film
Setting, be formed by granulated fertilizer be used as peanut fertilizer when, have preferable slow release effect, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer can be improved
With the utilization rate of calcareous fertilisers, improve soil environment, improves crop yield.It is mentioned particularly by setting containing the seaweed of above-mentioned special ratios
The second functional layer for taking object, chitosan, humic acid and microbial germ powder can not only increase fertilizer nutrient, promote crop to fertilizer
Expect the absorption of nutrient, while number of bacteria can also be improved, inhibit the breeding of harmful fungoid, alleviates pest and disease damage in soil
Occur, enhance the anti-adversity ability of crop, creates good environment for crop growth.
Preferably, the microbial germ powder includes Trichoderma and emulsus bacterium.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the marine algae extract, humic acid, chitosan, microbial germ powder is 2~4:2~4:1
~3:0.3~0.9.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer includes nitrogen source, potassium resource, calcium source；
It is preferred that the weight ratio of nitrogen source, potassium resource, calcium source is 60~100:10~40:5~20；
It is preferred that the nitrogen source is urea；And/or the potassium resource is potassium dihydrogen phosphate；And/or the calcium source is lime stone
Powder.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer includes microelement, the microelement includes iron, molybdenum；It is preferred that the weight of iron, molybdenum
Than for 1:0.8~1.2；More preferably 1:1；
It is preferred that the microelement further includes manganese；More preferable iron, molybdenum, manganese weight ratio be 1:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2；
The most preferably described iron, molybdenum, manganese weight ratio be 1:1:1.
Molybdenum and iron are the synthesis materials of the Mo-Fe protein in rhizobium, by above-mentioned compounding, can promote soil well
The nitrogen fixation of middle nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The more preferable inorganic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
Preferably, the soil modifier is charcoal；It is preferred that it is described biology powdered carbon be using peanut shell as raw material,
Gained is prepared under the conditions of 440~460 DEG C (preferably 450 DEG C).
Charcoal can be effectively improved the crumb structure of soil, carbonized at the temperature disclosed above as peanut shell made from biology
The activity of the enzymes such as corresponding hydrolase, alkaline phosphatase in peanut cultivation soil can be improved in charcoal, promote Peanut Root System growth and
Development improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes crop upgrading volume increase.
Preferably, the filler includes attapulgite and borax；It is preferred that the weight ratio of attapulgite and borax is 1:
0.8~1.2；More preferably 1:1.
Preferably, the film forming agent includes gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol；It is preferred that the gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and sweet
The weight ratio of oil is 1-8:0.1-5:0.1-5；More preferably 1-5:0.5-2:0.5-2.
Gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol source are abundant, cheap, are applied to second function according to above-mentioned compound proportion
When outside ergosphere, there is good film forming, elasticity and plasticity；Fertilizer can be reduced directly to contact with extraneous, while can be with
The rate of release for controlling nutrient in fertilizer of the present invention well, improves the physicochemical property of fertilizer, is allowed to more match in peanut cultivation
Nutritional need situation.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the peanut Special slow release fertilizer by following parts by weight of component raw material system
At:
The combination of middle preferred embodiment through the invention can obtain preferred embodiment.
The present invention second is designed to provide a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned peanut Special slow release fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
(1) it is granulated after mixing the inorganic fertilizer, soil modifier, filler；
(2) composite synergist is crushed after mixing, is sprayed to particle surface made from step (1)；
(3) film forming agent is wrapped in particle surface made from step (2).
Preferably, being granulated in step (1) using high-tower granulation technique.
Preferably, when the nitrogen source in the inorganic fertilizer is urea, first by the urea melting (132.5 DEG C) Cheng Liudong
The good urea liquid of property, then mixed with other raw materials.
It cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, has the advantages that the present invention provides one
(1) there is excellent slow release effect, effectively increase the inorganic fertilizers such as nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, calcium powder during peanut cultivation
Utilization rate, avoid the wasting of resources and environmental pollution；
(2) a series of problems easily caused for peanut continuous cropping, effectively slows down soil-borne disease, improves soil environment,
Enhance the anti-adversity ability of crop, creates good environment for crop growth；
(3) by the improvement of peanut cultivation environment and the offer of corresponding fertilizer nutrient, peanut yield is further improved.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
To apply commercially available potato special fertilizer (15-15-15) as control group in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides one first and cultivates peanut Slow release special fertilizer, is in particle suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 1-3
Shape, including the first functional layer, the second functional layer and superficial film being arranged from inside to outside, each layer by following parts by weight of component original
Material composition:
The present embodiment further provides for the specific preparation method of above-mentioned peanut Slow release special fertilizer, as follows:
(1) it is prepared using high-tower granulation technique, by above-mentioned urea melting (132.5 DEG C) at the urea liquid of good fluidity, with
Be pumped to the mixing channel of high column overhead afterwards, by above-mentioned charcoal, potassium sulfate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium molybdate, attapulgite,
Borax is transported to tower top mixing channel after measuring respectively, be stirred into uniform slurry, then the rotation spray for passing through tower top with urea liquid
At droplet, droplet condenses into fertiliser granulates in case of cold air in dropping process for head sprinkling.
(2) above-mentioned marine algae extract, microbial germ powder, humic acid and chitosan are mixed, are sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface,
Through screening, the processing of attapulgite anti-compaction after air-drying, uniform fertiliser granulates are obtained.
(3) it is that coating agent is made in raw material by above-mentioned gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, above-mentioned glycerol is added and increases plasticity.It will be above-mentioned
Fertiliser granulates package, forms finished product after air-drying, carries out packaging product.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 40kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 22%；Peanut yield increasing is up to 25%.
Embodiment 2
One Slow release special fertilizer of cultivating peanut is in granular form suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 1-3, including from inside to outside
The first functional layer, the second functional layer and the superficial film being arranged, each layer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 40kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 19%；Peanut yield increasing 20%.
Embodiment 3
One Slow release special fertilizer of cultivating peanut is in granular form suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 4-6, including from inside to outside
The first functional layer, the second functional layer and the superficial film being arranged, each layer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 40kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 23%；Peanut yield increasing 24%.
Embodiment 4:
One Slow release special fertilizer of cultivating peanut is in granular form suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 4-6, including from inside to outside
The first functional layer, the second functional layer and the superficial film being arranged, each layer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 40kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 17%；Peanut yield increasing 18%.
Embodiment 5:
One Slow release special fertilizer of cultivating peanut is in granular form suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 7-10, including from inside to outside
The first functional layer, the second functional layer and the superficial film being arranged, each layer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect:
Application effect: special fertilizer mu dosage 50kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.The fertilizer is applied
After entering, peanut grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 25%, peanut yield increasing 26%.
Embodiment 6:
One Slow release special fertilizer of cultivating peanut is in granular form suitable for the Peanut Fields of continuous cropping time limit 7-10, including from inside to outside
The first functional layer, the second functional layer and the superficial film being arranged, each layer are made of the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 50kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 15%, peanut yield increasing 17%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the first functional layer and the second functional layer are not distinguished, by first function
The raw material components mixing granulation of ergosphere and the second functional layer.
Application effect:
Special fertilizer mu dosage 40kg, in the peanut seeding phase is disposably manured into soil with machinery.After the fertilizer applies, peanut
It grows fine, compared with the control group, peanut incidence of insect disease decline 10%, peanut yield increasing 12%.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (10)
1. Special slow release fertilizer of cultivating peanut, is in granular form, which is characterized in that including be arranged from inside to outside the first functional layer,
Two functional layers and superficial film, each layer include the raw material of following parts by weight of component:
First functional layer: 70~170 parts of inorganic fertilizer；
1~5 part of soil modifier；
2~20 parts of filler；
Second functional layer: 0.05~0.25 part of composite synergist；
Superficial film: 2~20 parts of film forming agent；
The composite synergist includes marine algae extract, humic acid, chitosan, microbial germ powder, the marine algae extract, rotten plant
Acid, chitosan, microbial germ powder weight ratio be 1~5:1~5:1~5:0.1~1.
2. peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microbial germ powder include Trichoderma and
Emulsus bacterium.
3. peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the marine algae extract, humic acid,
Chitosan, microbial germ powder weight ratio be 2~4:2~4:1~3:0.3~0.9.
4. peanut Special slow release fertilizer described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the inorganic fertilizer includes
Nitrogen source, potassium resource, calcium source；
It is preferred that the weight ratio of nitrogen source, potassium resource, calcium source is 60~100:10~40:5~20；
It is preferred that the nitrogen source is urea；And/or the potassium resource is potassium dihydrogen phosphate；And/or the calcium source is agstone.
5. peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the inorganic fertilizer includes
Microelement, the microelement include iron, molybdenum；It is preferred that the weight ratio of iron, molybdenum is 1:0.8~1.2；More preferably 1:1；
It is preferred that the microelement further includes manganese；More preferable iron, molybdenum, manganese weight ratio be 1:0.8~1.2:0.8~1.2；It is optimal
Select the iron, molybdenum, manganese weight ratio be 1:1:1.
6. peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the soil modifier
For charcoal；It is preferred that the biology powdered carbon is using peanut shell as raw material, under the conditions of 440~460 DEG C obtained by preparation.
7. peanut Special slow release fertilizer described according to claim 1~any one of 6, which is characterized in that the filler includes
Attapulgite and borax；It is preferred that the weight ratio of attapulgite and borax is 1:0.8~1.2；More preferably 1:1.
8. peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the film forming agent includes
Gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol；It is preferred that the weight ratio of the gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol is 1-8:0.1-5:0.1-5；It is more excellent
It is selected as 1-5:0.5-2:0.5-2.
9. peanut Special slow release fertilizer described according to claim 1~any one of 8, which is characterized in that by following parts by weight group
The raw material divided is made:
Superficial film: 1-5 parts of gelatin；
0.5-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol；
0.5-2 parts of glycerol.
10. the method for preparing peanut Special slow release fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
(1) it is granulated after mixing the inorganic fertilizer, soil modifier, filler；
(2) composite synergist is crushed after mixing, is sprayed to particle surface made from step (1)；
(3) film forming agent is wrapped in particle surface made from step (2).
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| CN201910476707.2A CN110156517A (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | One cultivates peanut Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110447493A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-15 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of method improving peanut yield and the peanut cultivation method using this method |
| CN112110767A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-22 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer containing active factors and preparation and application thereof |
| CN112608181A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-06 | 史丹利农业集团股份有限公司 | Special high-efficiency release slow-release pesticide fertilizer for peanuts and preparation method thereof |
| CN114956902A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-30 | 江西师范大学 | Controlled-release zinc fertilizer for enriching zinc and reducing cadmium in brown rice and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190823 |