CN110153799A - A kind of milling cutter damage testing method, apparatus and application based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe - Google Patents
A kind of milling cutter damage testing method, apparatus and application based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN110153799A CN110153799A CN201910399405.XA CN201910399405A CN110153799A CN 110153799 A CN110153799 A CN 110153799A CN 201910399405 A CN201910399405 A CN 201910399405A CN 110153799 A CN110153799 A CN 110153799A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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Abstract
The invention belongs to numerical control machining cutters to detect related fields, and disclose a kind of milling cutter damage testing method, apparatus and application based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, it disturbs probe in the milling cutter side to be measured setting axis permanent magnetism vertical and coplanar with milling cutter axis to be measured, then so that milling cutter to be measured is rotated so that permanent magnetism disturbance probe by preset rotation speed and generate signal, the signal of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is acquired again, and the signal of acquisition is handled to judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage.Milling cutter damage testing method and device of the invention can be applicable in milling method and system, to realize the damage testing of milling cutter in Milling Processes, and have many advantages, such as that detection is accurate, wide convenient for manipulation, applicability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control machining cutters to detect related fields, more particularly, to one kind based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Milling cutter damage testing method, apparatus and application.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement of manufacturing the degree of automation and intelligent level, in NC Machining Process, to cutting
The requirement of the monitoring technology of process is also higher and higher.Especially the breakage of milling cutter tends to occur in interrupted Milling Processes,
It is light then lead to scrapping for part, it is heavy then may cause the damage to lathe, therefore be necessary to the damage testing of milling cutter.
Currently, having directly measurement and two kinds of measurement indirectly for the detection of milling cutter.Specifically, directly measurement mainly has:
Resistance method of temperature measurement, tool work piece distance measurement method, radiation measurements, micro-structure coating process, optical measuring method, discharge current measurement
Method, Computer Image Processing method etc.；But the testing conditions that these methods often require that are harsh or preparation is many and diverse, lead to reality
The application range on border is very narrow.Measurement has indirectly: cutting force detection method, acoustic emission detection method, power signal detection method, vibration signal
Detection method, cutting temperature measurement method, current signal mensuration, thermal voltage mensuration, workpiece surface roughness mensuration etc.；But by
It connects that influence factor is more in indirect time of measuring, is difficult to obtain the feature directly related with milling cutter external form, thus lead to detection standard
Exactness is lower.
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned existing detection method, it is necessary to researching and designing is carried out, to obtain a kind of completely new milling
Knife damage testing method realizes the high-precision detection of milling cutter breakage.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of millings based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Knife damage testing method, apparatus and application execute the damage testing of milling cutter by introducing permanent magnetism disturbance probe, and to its cloth
Set mode and signal processing process re-start design, more actual test show to have detection it is accurate, convenient for manipulation, suitable
The advantages that wide with property.
To achieve the above object, first aspect according to the invention proposes a kind of milling based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Knife damage testing method comprising following steps:
S1 in its side arrangement permanent magnetism disturbance probe, and makes this for the ferrimagnet milling cutter as object to be measured
The axis of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is vertical and coplanar with the axis of this milling cutter to be measured；Then, milling cutter to be measured is rotated by preset rotation speed
So that the permanent magnetism disturbance probe generates voltage signal, the synchronous acquisition voltage signal；
S2 is handled the voltage signal of acquisition to judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage, which specifically includes down
Column sub-step:
S21 intercepted samples signal from the voltage signal of acquisition, then to sample signal carry out discrete Fourier transform with
Obtain amplitude-frequency spectrum；
What S22 obtained milling cutter to be measured turns frequency and sword number information, is obtained according to this turn of frequency and sword number information and described turns each of frequency
Frequency range corresponding to rank frequency multiplication, and the energy value for accordingly calculating frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is composed according to the amplitude-frequency；
The energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is normalized in S23, accordingly obtains each rank frequency multiplication
The energy ratio of corresponding frequency range；Then, corresponding Energy-Entropy is acquired according to the energy ratio, determines milling cutter further according to Energy-Entropy
Damaged percentage；
S24 carries out the above-mentioned milling cutter breakage percentage determined according to Energy-Entropy and preset milling cutter breakage percentage threshold
Compare, determines whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage by this method, and then complete the detection process of milling cutter breakage.
As it is further preferred that the end face of the permanent magnetism disturbance probe is kept to the milling cutter outer circumference surface when detecting
A distance, the distance are preferably 1mm~2mm；The end face of the milling cutter disturbs one segment length of probe axis beyond the permanent magnetism,
The length is preferably 1mm~2mm.
As it is further preferred that the preset rotation speed ranges preferably from 1000r/min~3000r/min.
As it is further preferred that the signal popped one's head in using capture card acquisition permanent magnetism disturbance, sample frequency is preferably 1kHz.
The second aspect according to the invention provides a kind of numerical control milling method, using milling cutter to be processed
Object carries out Milling Process, utilizes the method progress milling cutter damage testing after every processing preset time.
In terms of third according to the invention, a kind of milling cutter damage detection device based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe is provided,
It includes permanent magnetism disturbance probe, acquisition unit and data processing unit, and permanent magnetism disturbance probe is set to the side of milling cutter to be measured, and
Its axis is vertical and coplanar with the axis of milling cutter to be measured, which is ferrimagnet milling cutter, and when detection, milling cutter to be measured is pressed
Preset rotation speed rotates so that generate signal set on the permanent magnetism disturbance probe of its side, and acquisition unit acquires permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Signal simultaneously transmits it in data processing unit, and data processing unit is handled the signal of acquisition to judge milling cutter to be measured
Whether breakage is occurred.
As it is further preferred that permanent magnetism disturbance probe includes permanent magnet and coil, when detection, the milling cutter of rotation with
Permanent magnet effect generates magnetic disturbance, which makes coil generate signal, wherein and normal milling cutter makes coil generate sinusoidal signal,
And damaged milling cutter makes coil generate the superposed signal for turning each rank frequency multiplication of frequency.
As it is further preferred that the data processing unit is capture card, sample frequency is preferably 1kHz.
As it is further preferred that the data processing unit use following steps to the signal of acquisition handled with
Judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage:
S21 intercepted samples signal from the voltage signal of acquisition, then to sample signal carry out discrete Fourier transform with
Obtain amplitude-frequency spectrum；
What S22 obtained milling cutter to be measured turns frequency and sword number information, is obtained according to this turn of frequency and sword number information and described turns each of frequency
Frequency range corresponding to rank frequency multiplication, and the energy value for accordingly calculating frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is composed according to the amplitude-frequency；
The energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is normalized in S23, accordingly obtains each rank frequency multiplication
The energy ratio of corresponding frequency range；Then, corresponding Energy-Entropy is acquired according to the energy ratio, determines milling cutter further according to Energy-Entropy
Damaged percentage；
S24 carries out the above-mentioned milling cutter breakage percentage determined according to Energy-Entropy and preset milling cutter breakage percentage threshold
Compare, determines whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage by this method, and then complete the detection process of milling cutter breakage.
4th face according to the invention, provides a kind of numerical control milling system comprising numerically-controlled machine tool and described
Based on the milling cutter damage detection device of permanent magnetism disturbance probe, the permanent magnetism disturbance probe in the milling cutter damage detection device is set to number
On the workbench for controlling lathe, the axis of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is parallel with the table top of platen.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, mainly have below
Technological merit:
1. the present invention disturbs probe by setting permanent magnetism, with real using permanent magnetism disturbance probe and the interaction of milling cutter to be measured
The damage check of existing milling cutter has detection simple, and without making any change to lathe and cutter, required testing conditions are wider
The advantages that pine, repetition is more convenient when detecting, and breakage whether can occur to milling cutter and make accurate judgement, and detection accuracy is high.
2. the present invention by the research and design to signal processing flow, specifically carries out discrete fourier to detection signal
Transformation obtains amplitude-frequency spectrum, acquires the energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of amplitude-frequency spectrum transfer frequency, and then acquires each rank times
The energy ratio of frequency range corresponding to frequency simultaneously obtains corresponding Energy-Entropy, and the percentage of milling cutter breakage is then determined according to Energy-Entropy,
To realize the damage testing of milling cutter, have process flow simple and convenient, testing result is accurate, and automation and intelligence degree are high
The advantages that.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process signal of the milling cutter damage testing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the milling cutter damage detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structure of permanent magnetism disturbance probe and the schematic diagram with milling cutter relative position in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that time domain plethysmographic signal, amplitude-frequency spectrum and its frequency range when normal milling cutter is processed in the embodiment of the present invention divide
Schematic diagram (b) divides schematic diagram wherein (a) is the time domain waveform of normal milling cutter for the amplitude-frequency spectrum and frequency range of normal milling cutter.
Time domain plethysmographic signal, amplitude-frequency spectrum and its frequency range when Fig. 5 is damaged milling cutter processing in the embodiment of the present invention divide
Schematic diagram (b) divides schematic diagram wherein (a) is the time domain waveform of damaged milling cutter for the amplitude-frequency spectrum and frequency range of damaged milling cutter.
In all the appended drawings, identical appended drawing reference is used to denote the same element or structure, in which:
1- milling cutter, 2- permanent magnetism disturbance probe, 3- capture card, 4- industrial personal computer, 5- platen, 21- permanent magnet, 22- line
Circle.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of milling cutter damage testing method based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
Include the following steps:
S1 milling cutter 1 to be measured is rotated so that generate signal, acquisition set on the permanent magnetism disturbance probe 2 of its side by preset rotation speed
For the signal of permanent magnetism disturbance probe 2 for subsequent processing, the axis of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is vertical and coplanar with the axis of milling cutter to be measured；
S2 is handled the signal of acquisition to judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage:
Then S21 intercepted samples signal from the signal of acquisition carries out discrete Fourier transform to sample signal to obtain
Amplitude-frequency spectrum, preferably intercepted samples signal and is pre-processed from the signal of acquisition, is carried out to pretreated signal discrete
Fourier transformation obtains amplitude-frequency spectrum, specifically, interception acquires the integral number power sampled point of signal as sample signal, such as can
To intercept N number of sampled point, sample signal is remembered are as follows:
xn(n=1,2 ..., N)
Then low-pass filtering is carried out to sample signal, remembers filtered signal are as follows:
Discrete Fourier transform is carried out to filtered signal again, takes positive frequency part to obtain amplitude-frequency spectrum, is denoted as:
X(f)n(n=1,2 ..., N/2)
What S22 obtained milling cutter to be measured turns frequency and sword number information, is obtained according to this turn of frequency and sword number information and described turns each of frequency
Frequency range corresponding to rank frequency multiplication, and the energy value for accordingly calculating frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is composed according to the amplitude-frequency:
Turn frequency f according to the preset rotation speed S of milling cutter to be measured calculating0:
f0=S/60
According to turning frequency f0It is acquired with the sword number Z of milling cutter to be measured and turns frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of frequency, wherein the i-th rank
Frequency range Ω corresponding to frequency multiplicationiAre as follows:
Ωi=[(i-0.5) f0,(i+0.5)f0] (i=1,2 ..., Z)
I.e. to turn frequency f0Each rank frequency multiplication centered on, to turn frequency f0It is divided for frequency bandwidth, the band number of division is milling
The sword number Z of knife；
Calculate amplitude-frequency spectrum X (f)nThe energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of transfer frequency, wherein the i-th rank frequency multiplication institute
Corresponding frequency range ΩiEnergy value EiAre as follows:
The energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is normalized in S23, accordingly obtains each rank frequency multiplication
The energy ratio of corresponding frequency range acquires corresponding Energy-Entropy according to the energy ratio, determines milling cutter breakage further according to Energy-Entropy
Percentage:
Energy value is normalized to obtain the energy ratio for turning frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of frequency, wherein i-th
Frequency range Ω corresponding to rank frequency multiplicationiEnergy ratioAre as follows:
The energy ratio of the frequency range according to corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication for turning frequencyAcquire Energy-Entropy H are as follows:
The percentage P (i.e. the sizes of harmonic components in frequency spectrum) of milling cutter breakage is determined further according to Energy-Entropy H are as follows:
P=(H/logZ) × 100%
S24 by it is above-mentioned according to Energy-Entropy determine milling cutter breakage percentage and preset milling cutter breakage percentage threshold P '
(i.e. actual processing institute patient milling cutter breakage) be compared, and determines whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage by this method,
And then complete the detection process of milling cutter breakage.Specifically, as P≤P ', it is believed that milling cutter is not damaged, as P > P ', it is believed that milling cutter
Breakage is replaced.Such as threshold value P ' is 20%, the percentage P of calculated milling cutter breakage is 5%, i.e., less than 20%, then recognizes
It is not damaged for milling cutter, if the percentage P of calculated milling cutter breakage is 50%, that is, it is greater than 20%, then it is assumed that milling cutter is damaged.
Specifically, the end face of permanent magnetism disturbance probe keeps a distance to milling cutter outer circumference surface when detection, the distance is preferred
For 1mm~2mm；The end face of milling cutter disturbs one segment length of probe axis beyond permanent magnetism, which is preferably 1mm~2mm.By upper
Stating setting can make the noise for detecting signal relatively high, to obtain higher differentiation accuracy.
Further, milling cutter is driven to rotate by preset rotation speed S by machine tool chief axis, preset rotation speed S's ranges preferably from
1000r/min~3000r/min.Specifically, acquiring the signal of permanent magnetism disturbance probe using capture card 3, sample frequency is preferably
1kHz.In the above-mentioned range of speeds according to above-mentioned sample frequency it is collected detection signal noise it is relatively high, thus obtain compared with
High differentiation accuracy.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a kind of milling cutter damage detection devices based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe comprising
Permanent magnetism disturbance probe, acquisition unit and data processing unit, permanent magnetism disturbance probe are set to the side of milling cutter to be measured, are directed at milling cutter
The axis of lower end blade, permanent magnetism disturbance probe is vertical and coplanar with the axis of milling cutter to be measured, and when detection, milling cutter to be measured is by default turn
Speed rotates so that generate signal set on the permanent magnetism disturbance probe of its side, and acquisition unit acquires the signal of permanent magnetism disturbance probe simultaneously
It transmits it in data processing unit, data processing unit receives the signal of acquisition and handled the signal of acquisition to sentence
Whether the milling cutter to be measured that breaks occurs breakage.
Specifically, permanent magnetism disturbance probe includes permanent magnet 21 and coil 22, coil 22 is around in the external cylindrical surface of permanent magnet 21
On, permanent magnetism Disturbance Detection is according to detected ferrimagnet and permanent magnet interaction, when material has certain damage or breakage
When, magnetic disturbance phenomenon can be generated, so that the intracorporal magnetic field mutation of permanent magnetism, and then coil is made to generate voltage signal, to reach damage
The effect of detection.When detection, milling cutter and the permanent magnet effect of rotation generate magnetic disturbance, which makes coil generate voltage letter
Number, specifically, milling cutter is when rotated, permanent magnet interaction of the blade and chip space of milling cutter alternately with permanent magnetism disturbance probe is produced
Magnetisation disturbance so that the intracorporal magnetic field of permanent magnetism changes, and then makes coil generate voltage signal.Further, data processing
Unit is capture card, and sample frequency is preferably 1kHz.Data processing unit is industrial personal computer 4, is handled the signal of acquisition, is led to
The judgement of spectrum analysis harmony wave component is crossed to determine whether milling cutter occurs breakage, is specifically completed using above-mentioned steps S21~S24
The damage testing of milling cutter.
Specifically, normal milling cutter can make coil generate sinusoidal signal when stablizing rotation, specifically, normal milling cutter is in stabilization
When rotation, the permanent magnet interaction of blade and chip space periodically alternately with permanent magnetism disturbance probe generates magnetic disturbance, so that forever
The intracorporal magnetic field of magnetic periodically changes, and then makes the sine voltage signal in coil generation period, and sine voltage signal
Frequency be that milling cutter turns the integral multiple of frequency, multiple is the sword number of milling cutter.And the change of damaged edge of milling cutter can be such that coil generation turns
The superposed signal of each rank frequency multiplication of frequency causes not specifically, different variations occurs for the shape of different swords when milling cutter breakage
It is different with the intensity of the magnetic disturbance of sword, the final superposed signal for generating milling cutter and turning each rank frequency multiplication of frequency.
As shown in figure 3, h represents permanent magnetism disturbance probe tip face to the distance of milling cutter outer circumference surface, e represents milling cutter end face and exceeds
Permanent magnetism disturbs the length of probe axis, and D represents permanent magnet diameter, and L represents permanent magnetism body length, and a represents coil width, and b represents line
Internal diameter is enclosed, c represents the lift-off height of coil, and d represents the line footpath of coil.Specifically, the diameter D of permanent magnet be preferably 4mm~
6mm, the length L of permanent magnet are preferably 10mm~14mm, and the line footpath d of coil is preferably 0.03mm~0.06mm, the internal diameter b of coil
It being consistent with the diameter of permanent magnet, the number of turns of coil is preferably 50 circles~150 circles, and the width a of coil is preferably 2mm~3mm,
The lift-off height c of coil is preferably 0~1mm, and the distance h of permanent magnetism disturbance probe tip face to milling cutter outer circumference surface is preferably 1mm
~2mm, length e of the milling cutter end face beyond permanent magnetism disturbance probe axis is preferably 1mm~2mm.By above-mentioned design, it may make and adopt
The noise of the detection signal collected is relatively high, to obtain higher differentiation accuracy.
When detection, permanent magnetism disturbance probe is set on platen 5, specifically, the installation site of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is answered
In the side of platen, to avoid normal cutting process is influenced.The axis and lathe of permanent magnetism disturbance probe work
The table top of platform is parallel, specifically, permanent magnetism disturbs the axis of probe and the parallelism error in platen face within 0.5mm,
In order to easy to operate, the axis of permanent magnetism disturbance probe can be parallel with the X-axis of lathe or Y-axis.
Specifically, by mobile machine tool workbench and the various axis of lathe, so that permanent magnetism disturbance probe and milling cutter meet detection
Status requirement, comprising: mobile machine tool workbench makes permanent magnetism disturbance probe axis and milling cutter axis co-planar, and makes permanent magnetism disturbance probe
End face keeps a distance to milling cutter outer circumference surface, specifically, moving platen along the X-axis and Y-axis of lathe, makes permanent magnetism
Probe axis and milling cutter axis co-planar are disturbed, error makes permanent magnetism disturb probe tip face to milling cutter outer circumference surface within the scope of 1mm
Keep the distance of 1mm~2mm；The Z axis (parallel with the axis of milling cutter) of mobile machine tool disturbs the lower end surface of milling cutter beyond permanent magnetism
Probe axis 1mm~2mm length.
Fig. 4 is that time domain plethysmographic signal, amplitude-frequency spectrum and its frequency range when normal milling cutter is processed in the embodiment of the present invention divide
Schematic diagram (b) divides schematic diagram wherein (a) is the time domain waveform of normal milling cutter for the amplitude-frequency spectrum and frequency range of normal milling cutter.Figure
5 be time domain plethysmographic signal, amplitude-frequency spectrum and its schematic diagram of frequency range division when damaged milling cutter is processed in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein
(a) it is the time domain waveform of damaged milling cutter, (b) divides schematic diagram for the amplitude-frequency spectrum and frequency range of damaged milling cutter.
In conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 to harmonic frequency frequency range Ω in step S22iDivision explanation is further explained.With milling cutter
For sword number Z=4, amplitude-frequency spectrum is divided into 4 sections, Mid Frequency 1 is to turn frequency f01 frequency multiplication centered on, to turn frequency f0For frequency range
Width, frequency range 2,3,4 are to turn frequency f respectively02,3,4 frequencys multiplication centered on, to turn frequency f0It is divided for bin width.Such as Fig. 4
In (a) shown in, normal milling cutter is when stablizing rotation, blade and the chip space alternately permanent magnet with permanent magnetism disturbance probe periodically
Interaction generates magnetic disturbance, so that the intracorporal magnetic field of permanent magnetism periodically changes, and then coil is made to generate the period just
String voltage signal, and the frequency of sinusoidal signal is that milling cutter turns the integral multiple of frequency, multiple are the sword number 4 of milling cutter, therefore only frequency range 4
Place will appear apparent amplitude spike.As shown in (a) in Fig. 5, when milling cutter breakage, the shape of sword changes, and leads to sword
Magnetic disturbance intensity it is different, finally can generate the superposed signal that milling cutter turns each rank frequency multiplication of frequency in each frequency range, therefore, frequency range 1,
2, it also will appear apparent amplitude spike at 3.For example, being composed according to the amplitude-frequency that S23 acquires the normal milling cutter of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 breakage milling cutter
The energy of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of transfer frequency is 0,0,0,1 and 0.4,0.2,0.4,1, further acquires two figure transfers
The energy ratio of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication of frequency is 0,0,0,1 and 0.2,0.1,0.2,0.5；Then two are acquired according to S24
The Energy-Entropy of signal is respectively 0 and 0.53 in figure, and further acquiring damaged percentage is respectively 0% and 88%.If setting is damaged
The threshold value of percentage is set as 20%, then can be determined that milling cutter corresponding to the detection signal in Fig. 4 for normal milling cutter, in Fig. 5
Detecting milling cutter corresponding to signal is damaged milling cutter, i.e., to milling cutter, whether breakage has carried out effective detection.
In practical Milling Process, process object is treated using milling cutter and carries out string milling processing, every set time (tool
The body time can be defined according to actual needs) milling cutter is moved on into detection position, and using upper detection method of the invention to milling
Knife carries out damage testing, replaces milling cutter if damaged, effectively to avoid losing because of tool failure bring, continues if not damaged
Wash and cuts processing.
The present invention can generate magnetic disturbance phenomenon and make the intracorporal magnetic field of permanent magnetism prominent when having certain damage or breakage using material
Become and then the principle for making coil generate voltage signal achievees the purpose that damage check, can conveniently and efficiently be disturbed and be visited according to permanent magnetism
The topographical information of the signal indirect gain milling cutter blade of head, because the amplitude-frequency spectrum of normal milling cutter and damaged milling cutter is distinct, just
The amplitude-frequency spectrum of normal milling cutter is sinusoidal signal, and the amplitude-frequency spectrum of damaged milling cutter is harmonic signal, therefore according between the signal of acquisition
The topographical information for taking milling cutter blade is obtained, then breakage whether can occur to milling cutter by handling signal and make standard
Really judgement, improves the degree of automation and intelligent level of NC Machining Process.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of milling cutter damage testing method based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which comprises the steps of:
S1 in its side arrangement permanent magnetism disturbance probe, and makes the permanent magnetism for the ferrimagnet milling cutter as object to be measured
The axis for disturbing probe is vertical and coplanar with the axis of this milling cutter to be measured；Then, by milling cutter to be measured by preset rotation speed rotate so that
It obtains the permanent magnetism disturbance probe and generates voltage signal, the synchronous acquisition voltage signal；
S2 is handled the voltage signal of acquisition to judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage, which specifically includes following son
Step:
Then S21 intercepted samples signal from the voltage signal of acquisition carries out discrete Fourier transform to sample signal to obtain
Amplitude-frequency spectrum；
S22 obtains turn frequency and the sword number information of milling cutter to be measured, obtains each rank for turning frequency times according to this turn of frequency and sword number information
Frequency range corresponding to frequency, and the energy value for accordingly calculating frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is composed according to the amplitude-frequency；
The energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is normalized in S23, accordingly show that each rank frequency multiplication institute is right
The energy ratio for the frequency range answered；Then, corresponding Energy-Entropy is acquired according to the energy ratio, determines milling cutter breakage further according to Energy-Entropy
Percentage；
S24 compares the above-mentioned milling cutter breakage percentage determined according to Energy-Entropy with preset milling cutter breakage percentage threshold
Compared with determining whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage by this method, and then complete the detection process of milling cutter breakage.
2. the milling cutter damage testing method as described in claim 1 based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which is characterized in that when detection,
The end face of the permanent magnetism disturbance probe keeps a distance to the milling cutter outer circumference surface, which is preferably 1mm~2mm；Institute
The end face for stating milling cutter disturbs one segment length of probe axis beyond the permanent magnetism, which is preferably 1mm~2mm.
3. the milling cutter damage testing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which is characterized in that described
Preset rotation speed ranges preferably from 1000r/min~3000r/min.
4. the milling cutter damage testing method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, feature exist
In using the signal of capture card acquisition permanent magnetism disturbance probe, sample frequency is preferably 1kHz.
5. a kind of numerical control milling method, which is characterized in that treat process object using milling cutter and carry out Milling Process, every processing
Milling cutter damage testing is carried out using method according to any of claims 1-4 after preset time.
6. a kind of milling cutter damage detection device based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which is characterized in that including permanent magnetism disturbance probe, acquisition
Unit and data processing unit, permanent magnetism disturbance probe are set to the side of milling cutter to be measured, and the axis of its axis and milling cutter to be measured
Vertical and coplanar, which is ferrimagnet milling cutter, and when detection, milling cutter to be measured is rotated so that be set to by preset rotation speed
The permanent magnetism disturbance probe of its side generates voltage signal, and the voltage signal of acquisition unit acquisition permanent magnetism disturbance probe is simultaneously transmitted
Into data processing unit, data processing unit is handled the voltage signal of acquisition to judge whether milling cutter to be measured breaks
Damage.
7. the milling cutter damage detection device as claimed in claim 6 based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which is characterized in that the permanent magnetism
Disturbance probe includes permanent magnet and coil, and when detection, milling cutter and the permanent magnet effect of rotation generate magnetic disturbance, which makes line
Circle generates signal, wherein normal milling cutter makes coil generate sinusoidal signal, and damaged milling cutter makes coil generate each rank frequency multiplication for turning frequency
Superposed signal.
8. the milling cutter damage detection device as claimed in claim 6 based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe, which is characterized in that the data
Processing unit is capture card, and sample frequency is preferably 1kHz.
9. such as the described in any item milling cutter damage detection devices based on permanent magnetism disturbance probe of claim 6-8, which is characterized in that
The data processing unit uses following steps to being handled the signal of acquisition to judge whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage:
Then S21 intercepted samples signal from the voltage signal of acquisition carries out discrete Fourier transform to sample signal to obtain
Amplitude-frequency spectrum；
S22 obtains turn frequency and the sword number information of milling cutter to be measured, obtains each rank for turning frequency times according to this turn of frequency and sword number information
Frequency range corresponding to frequency, and the energy value for accordingly calculating frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is composed according to the amplitude-frequency；
The energy value of frequency range corresponding to each rank frequency multiplication is normalized in S23, accordingly show that each rank frequency multiplication institute is right
The energy ratio for the frequency range answered；Then, corresponding Energy-Entropy is acquired according to the energy ratio, determines milling cutter breakage further according to Energy-Entropy
Percentage；
S24 compares the above-mentioned milling cutter breakage percentage determined according to Energy-Entropy with preset milling cutter breakage percentage threshold
Compared with determining whether milling cutter to be measured occurs breakage by this method, and then complete the detection process of milling cutter breakage.
10. a kind of numerical control milling system, which is characterized in that including numerically-controlled machine tool and as claim in any one of claims 6-9
Based on the milling cutter damage detection device of permanent magnetism disturbance probe, the permanent magnetism disturbance probe in the milling cutter damage detection device is set to number
On the workbench for controlling lathe, the axis of permanent magnetism disturbance probe is parallel with the table top of platen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910399405.XA CN110153799B (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | Milling cutter damage detection method and device based on permanent magnet disturbance probe and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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