CN110150528B - Effervescent tablet and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Effervescent tablet and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110150528B CN110150528B CN201910409294.6A CN201910409294A CN110150528B CN 110150528 B CN110150528 B CN 110150528B CN 201910409294 A CN201910409294 A CN 201910409294A CN 110150528 B CN110150528 B CN 110150528B
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- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an effervescent tablet and a preparation method and application thereof. The effervescent tablet comprises an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by mass: 15-30 parts of extract, 210-30 parts of extract, 310-20 parts of extract, 45-20 parts of extract and 515 parts of extract; the raw materials for extracting the extract 1 comprise: 30 or 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 20-40 parts of okra and 10-40 parts of Chinese yam; the raw materials for extracting the extract 2 comprise: 30 or 40 parts of mulberry, 20-50 parts of blackcurrant and 10-40 parts of blueberry; the raw materials for extracting the extract 3 comprise: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 20-30 parts of roasted malt, 5-10 parts of fructus evodiae and 10-30 parts of Chinese date; the raw material for extracting the extract 4 comprises the skin of black rice; the raw material for extracting the extract 5 comprises honey. The effervescent tablet provided by the invention is applied to preparing products with the following functions: improving and repairing gastric ulcer; at least one active function of antioxidation, antifatigue, antitumor and hypoglycemic; protecting liver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an effervescent tablet and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of health food processing and application.
Background
Gastric ulcer refers to ulcer occurring in the gastric horn, antrum, cardia, and hiatal hernia, and is one of peptic ulcers. Peptic ulcer is a common digestive tract disease, and may occur in esophagus, stomach or duodenum, and is generally referred to as gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer because gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer are most common. The traditional Chinese medicine composition belongs to common diseases which are easy to relapse, the factors for inducing ulcer are complex, helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main factors, and the medicines, diet and immunity can induce, so that the combined treatment of acid gastric inhibition, inflammation resistance and gastric membrane protection is mainly adopted at the present stage, the stable treatment effect is difficult to realize, and the good treatment effect can be obtained by adopting the traditional Chinese medicine to treat the chronic diseases, and the chronic diseases are not easy to relapse. In addition, the helicobacter pylori infection can induce gastric cancer, so that the traditional Chinese medicine compound function is exerted, and the reduction of malignant lesion probability can not be realized by the western medicine treatment at the present stage while the ulcer is treated.
The flavonoid compound has a 2-phenyl chromone (flavanone) structure, and has cardiovascular system activity, antibacterial and antiviral activity, antitumor activity, antioxidant free radical activity, blood pressure lowering, blood lipid reducing, anti-aging, organism immunity improving and the like.
Anthocyanins are compounds formed by combining anthocyanidins and sugars, are used as natural pigments, and are safe and nontoxic. Due to its unique functionality, it is used in eliminating free radicals in vivo, proliferating xanthophyll, resisting tumor, resisting cancer, resisting inflammation, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and platelet aggregation, preventing diabetes, reducing weight, protecting vision, etc., and has been used in food, health product, cosmetic, medicine, etc. Different types of anthocyanin have different biological activities, and different physiological and biochemical activities can be obtained by adopting different types of compound combinations.
The triterpene and saponin are composed of triterpene sapogenin and sugar or uronic acid, have effects of resisting inflammation, promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, lowering blood pressure, relieving pain, tranquilizing mind, resisting tumor, and resisting cancer, and are one of the active marker components of Chinese medicinal materials.
Polysaccharides (polysaccharides) are polymeric carbohydrate macromolecules consisting of glycosidically bonded sugar chains and at least more than 10 monosaccharides. Has biological activities of regulating immunity, resisting virus, resisting cancer, resisting inflammation, resisting oxidation, caring skin, and emulsifying etc.
The effervescent tablet has the advantages of convenient use, quick disintegration, convenient administration, quick action, high bioavailability, improved clinical curative effect, suitability for children, the elderly and patients with difficulty in swallowing pills, better taste, and greatly improved drug applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an effervescent tablet and a preparation method and application thereof, and the invention adopts a flash extraction method, an enzymatic microwave method, an enzymatic ultrasonic wave method and other extraction methods according to different raw material states, and adopts macroporous resin, LH-20 and other purification methods to realize a novel effervescent agent with definite active ingredients, relatively high content of the ingredients and definite drug effect. The obtained preparation has the advantages of convenient use, rapid onset of drug action, high bioavailability, low burden on gastrointestinal tract, etc. Meanwhile, the active ingredients obtained by the formula have good effects of resisting ulcer, repairing mucosa and preventing canceration; in addition, through an acute toxicity test, the related products are nontoxic, can be taken for a long time, and have obvious health care functions of resisting oxidation, fatigue, tumor and the like, so the health care tea has good market prospect.
The invention provides an effervescent tablet which comprises active ingredients and auxiliary materials, wherein the active ingredients comprise the following components in parts by mass:
15-30 parts of extract, 210-30 parts of extract, 310-20 parts of extract, 45-20 parts of extract and 515 parts of extract;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 20-40 parts of okra and 10-40 parts of Chinese yam;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 2 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 40 parts of mulberry, 20-50 parts of blackcurrant and 10-40 parts of blueberry;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 3 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 20-30 parts of roasted malt, 5-10 parts of fructus evodiae and 10-30 parts of Chinese date;
the raw material for extracting the extract 4 comprises the skin of black rice;
the raw material for extracting the extract 5 comprises honey.
In the effervescent tablet, the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by mass:
10-20 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 5-15 parts of citric acid, 1-20 parts of xylitol, 0-10 parts of sorbitol, 1-3 parts of an adhesive, 1-5 parts of sodium alginate and 1-3 parts of a lubricant.
In the effervescent tablet, the auxiliary materials also comprise a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water according to the preparation requirement.
In the effervescent tablet, the adhesive is at least one of PEG2000, PEG4000, PEG6000 and PVP;
the lubricant is at least one of superfine silica gel powder, talcum powder and magnesium stearate.
In the effervescent tablet, the active ingredients of the effervescent tablet comprise the following components in parts by mass:
110-25 parts of extract, 210-25 parts of extract, 310-20 parts of extract, 410-20 parts of extract and 515 parts of extract;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 25-35 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 2 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 40 parts of mulberry, 30-40 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 3 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 20-30 parts of roasted malt, 5-10 parts of fructus evodiae and 10-30 parts of Chinese date.
The active ingredients of the effervescent tablet comprise the following components in parts by mass:
115 parts of extract, 215 parts of extract, 315 parts of extract, 410 parts of extract, 515 parts of extract, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of adhesive (PEG6000), 4 parts of xylitol, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 1 part of lubricant (aerosil), a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water;
wherein, the weight ratio of the extract 1: 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 35 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam;
and (2) extraction: 30 parts of mulberry, 40 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry;
and (3) extracting: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of dandelion, 30 parts of fried malt, 10 parts of fructus evodiae and 20 parts of Chinese date.
The active ingredients of the effervescent tablet comprise the following components in parts by mass:
115 parts of extract, 220 parts of extract, 310 parts of extract, 410 parts of extract, 515 parts of extract, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of adhesive (PEG6000), 3 parts of xylitol, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts of lubricant, a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water;
wherein, the weight ratio of the extract 1: 30 parts of actinidia arguta, 40 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam;
and (2) extraction: 40 parts of mulberry, 30 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry;
and (3) extracting: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of dandelion, 20 parts of fried malt, 10 parts of fructus evodiae and 30 parts of Chinese date.
In the effervescent tablet, the extract 1 is extracted by adopting a flash extraction method;
extracting the extract 2 by adopting a flash extraction method and a mixed resin method;
extracting the extract 3 by using an enzymatic-microwave-ultrasonic extraction method;
extracting the extract 4 by using an enzymatic-ultrasonic and macroporous resin method;
the extract 5 is extracted by adopting a freeze-dried powder preparation method.
In the effervescent tablet, the method for extracting the extract 1 comprises the following steps: taking water as an extracting agent, crushing fresh actinidia arguta, okra and Chinese yam, adding cellulase and hemicellulase for treatment, and inactivating; then flash extraction is adopted to obtain an extracting solution; after the extracting solution is centrifugally treated, adding vitamin C and drying to obtain an extract 1;
the method for extracting the extract 2 comprises the following steps: mixing Mori fructus, blackcurrant, and fructus Myrtilli with ethanol-water as solvent, extracting by flash rapid extraction method, adding pectase, cellulase and hemicellulase, inactivating, extracting the obtained enzymolysis extractive solution by flash rapid extraction method, filtering to obtain extractive solution, and concentrating; purifying with AB-8 and LH-20 as mixed purification materials by mixed resin method to obtain extract 2 concentrated solution, and freeze drying to obtain extract 2;
the method for extracting the extract 3 comprises the following steps: pulverizing radix Codonopsis, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, herba Taraxaci, fructus Hordei Germinatus preparata, fructus evodiae, and fructus Jujubae, extracting with ethanol-water as extraction solvent, adding cellulase and hemicellulase, and performing enzymatic treatment; then carrying out microwave treatment; adding amylase into a microwave system, performing ultrasonic extraction, concentrating, and drying to obtain an extract 3;
the method for extracting the extract 4 comprises the following steps: crushing black rice, taking black rice peel, adding amylase, performing enzymatic treatment, and then performing microwave treatment; ultrasonic extracting for 1-3 times with hydrochloric acid water solution as solvent, concentrating the obtained extract at low temperature, pre-freezing, and freeze-drying; then eluting to obtain active ingredients, and freeze-drying to obtain extract 4;
the method for extracting the extract 5 comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol into Mel, adding sorbitol and xylitol, ultrasonic treating, centrifuging, filtering, concentrating the ethanol extract, and spray drying to obtain spray dried product; pre-freezing the non-alcohol-soluble part at-20 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain freeze-dried powder; mixing the freeze-dried powder and the spray-dried product to obtain an extract 5.
In the effervescent tablet, the extract 1 is extracted according to the following steps: crushing the actinidia arguta, the okra and the Chinese yam, wherein the solid-liquid volume ratio of the total amount of the actinidia arguta, the okra and the Chinese yam to the water is 1: 1-6, the pH is 5-7, and cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% and hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-2% are added into every 100g of actinidia arguta, okra and Chinese yam for treatment for 1-2 hours; inactivating for 1min at 80-100 ℃; transferring the mixture into a flash extractor for extraction for 150-200 s, extracting at the voltage of 180-220v and the extraction temperature of 10-20 ℃, and obtaining an extracting solution; centrifuging the extracting solution at 3000-5000 r/min for 5-20 min, adding 0.5-2% by mass of vitamin C, and spray drying to obtain an extract 1;
the extraction of the extract 2 was carried out according to the following steps: mixing mulberries, blackcurrants and blueberries with 10-30% of ethanol-water by volume percentage, extracting for 50-100 s by adopting a flash type rapid extraction method according to the solid-liquid volume ratio of 1: 5-10, adding 0.5-1% of pectinase (the enzyme activity is 40000U/g), 1-2% of cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 1-2% of hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) by mass percentage per 100g of solid, carrying out enzymatic treatment for 1-2 h at the pH value of 4-7 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃, inactivating for 1min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, extracting an enzymolysis extracting solution again by adopting a flash type rapid extraction method, filtering to obtain an extracting solution, and concentrating; the ratio of AB-8: purifying by a mixed resin method by using mixed purification materials LH-20: 0.2-5, performing gradient elution by using 10-90% ethanol-water by volume percentage to obtain an extract 2 concentrated solution, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain an extract 2;
the extraction of the extract 3 was carried out according to the following steps: crushing codonopsis pilosula, ligusticum wallichii, dandelion, whole plants, roasted malt, fructus evodiae and Chinese date, taking 5-40% ethanol-water in percentage by volume as an extraction solvent, adding cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 2-4% and hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% into each 100g of solid at the solid-liquid volume ratio of 1: 10-20, the pH value of 5-7 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃, and carrying out enzymatic treatment for 2-4 hours; microwave treatment is carried out for 2-4 min under the microwave power of 10-30 KW; transferring the microwave system into an ultrasonic extractor, and extracting the functional additive at an ultrasonic extraction temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-30 kHz; recovering the ethanol solvent, concentrating to 1/8-1/4 of the original volume, and spray drying to obtain the extract 3;
the extraction of the extract 4 was carried out according to the following steps: crushing black rice, taking black rice peel, adding alpha-amylase (the enzyme activity is 10000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 1-5% into every 100g of solid, performing enzymatic treatment for 2-4 h at the temperature of 50-60 ℃, wherein the microwave power is 10-20 KW, and performing microwave treatment for 1-2 min; taking a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the volume percentage content of 0.1-1% as a solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 200-800W for 60-120 min, extracting for 2 times, concentrating the obtained extracting solution at low temperature to the original volume of 1/5-1/10, pre-freezing at the temperature of-20 ℃, and carrying out freeze drying; and (2) taking the ratio of D101: AB-8: performing gradient elution on the D201-1: 1: 1-5 ethanol-water system with the volume percentage of 10-90% to obtain an active ingredient, and performing freeze drying to obtain the extract 4;
taking the extract 5 according to the following steps: adding absolute ethyl alcohol into honey to enable the volume content of the ethyl alcohol to exceed 70-90%, adding 5-10% of sorbitol according to 100 g: and (2) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on xylitol at the ratio of 1:1 for 5-10 min, carrying out centrifugal filtration, concentrating and spray-drying an alcohol extraction part for later use, carrying out pre-freezing on a non-alcohol-soluble part at the temperature of-20 ℃, carrying out freeze-drying, and mixing the freeze-dried powder and a spray-dried product to obtain the extract 5.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the active ingredients of the effervescent tablet, which comprises the following steps: extracting the extract 1 by adopting a flash extraction method, extracting the extract 2 by adopting a flash extraction method and a mixed resin method, extracting the extract 3 by adopting an enzymatic-microwave-ultrasonic extraction method, extracting the extract 4 by adopting an enzymatic-ultrasonic and macroporous resin method, and extracting the extract 5 by adopting a freeze-dried powder preparation method to obtain the active ingredient of the effervescent tablet.
In the invention, the specific preparation method of the active ingredients of the effervescent tablet is the same as that of the effervescent tablet in the invention.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the effervescent tablet, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the extract 1, the extract 3, the extract 4 and the extract 5 with the citric acid and the xylitol, and granulating, drying and grading to obtain an effervescent acid phase; mixing the extract 2 with the sodium bicarbonate and the sodium alginate, and performing dry granulation and granule finishing to obtain an effervescent base phase; and mixing the effervescent acid phase and the effervescent alkali phase, adding the lubricant, mixing, tabletting and packaging to obtain the effervescent tablet.
In the invention, the preparation method of the effervescent tablet also comprises a step of adding sorbitol during freeze-drying so as to improve the efficiency.
In the preparation method of the effervescent tablet, a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water are also added during preparation.
The effervescent tablet disclosed by the invention is applied to the preparation of a product with any one of the following functions 1) -3):
1) improving and repairing gastric ulcer;
2) at least one active function of antioxidation, antifatigue, antitumor and hypoglycemic;
3) protecting liver.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts the extraction methods of a flash extraction method, enzymatic microwaves, enzymatic ultrasonic waves and the like according to different raw material states, and adopts the purification methods of macroporous resin, LH-20 and the like to realize the novel effervescent agent with definite active ingredients, relatively high content of the ingredients and definite drug effect. The obtained preparation has the advantages of convenient use, rapid onset of drug action, high bioavailability, low burden on gastrointestinal tract, etc. Meanwhile, the active ingredients obtained by the formula have good effects of resisting ulcer, repairing mucosa and preventing canceration; in addition, through an acute toxicity test, the related products are non-toxic, can be taken for a long time, and have remarkable health care functions of oxidation resistance, fatigue resistance, tumor resistance and the like, so the health care tea has good market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the present invention on the improvement and repair of gastric ulcer.
FIG. 2 is a pathological diagram of a typical ethanol ulcer.
FIG. 3 is a pathological diagram of a typical histamine phosphate group.
FIG. 4 shows the death of the mice in the groups of the present invention in the experiment for improving and repairing gastric ulcer.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the present invention on the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radicals.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of the present invention on DPPH radical scavenging ability.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of the present invention on antitumor activity.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of the effect of the present invention on the body weight of mice.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of the effect of the present invention on blood glucose levels in mice.
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The method of detection of the active ingredients in the following examples: determining anthocyanin by a pH differential method; determining total flavonoids by an aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite colorimetric method; measuring total polysaccharide by a sulfuric acid-phenol method; triterpene and saponin were determined by vanillin-perchloric acid chromogenic method.
The following examples use the main apparatus: FY130 pulverizer, tianjin tesla; JHBE-100A flash extractor, Henan Zhi Jing Biotech, Inc.; DP-SY-360 ultrasonic extractor, Oudepeng science and technology, Beijing Asia; NJL07-3 model microwave oven for experiment, Nanjing Jie microwave Equipment Co., Ltd; TGL-21M full-automatic high-speed refrigerated centrifuge, Shanghai Luxiang apparatus centrifuge instruments Ltd; t6 ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, Beijing spectral analysis; model PB-10 acidimeters, ME203E electronic balance, Saedodes scientific instruments (Beijing); JIUPIN-150 spray dryer, Wuxi Jiping instruments ltd; synergy4 multifunctional microplate reader, american nubuck et al.
In the following examples, anthocyanin assay:
the anthocyanin is measured by adopting a pH differential method, and the calculation formula is as follows:
the formula is C (mg/g) ═ A0-A1 x V x n x M/(epsilon x M)
Wherein A0 and A1 are the absorbance values of anthocyanin at lambda max at pH1.0 and pH4.5, respectively
V-Total volume of extract (mL)
n-dilution multiple
Relative molecular mass of M-cornflower-3-glucoside (449.4)
Extinction coefficient of EE-cornflower-3-glucoside (29600)
m-sample mass (g)
② measuring the total flavone:
the sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate method is adopted. Rutin is used as standard substance, and total flavone is determined at 500 nm.
Solid preparation determination: extracting with methanol as solvent, recovering solvent after ultrasonic extraction, concentrating, drying, dissolving with small amount of methanol, adding 70% methanol to a volume of 100mL, and transferring 1mL mother liquor to 25mL colorimetric tube to determine content according to the above method.
③ measuring total polysaccharide:
glucose is used as a standard substance, and a sulfuric acid-phenol color development method is adopted to determine total polysaccharide at 490 nm.
Solid preparation determination: ultrasonic treating with hot water as solvent, adding ethanol to reach concentration of over 80%, standing for 10 hr, centrifuging, decolorizing with acetone, precipitating with ethanol again, centrifuging, and drying. Taking a proper amount of pure water as a solvent, fixing the volume to a 100mL volumetric flask, and transferring 1mL of mother liquor to a 25mL colorimetric tube to measure the content according to the method.
Determination of triterpene and saponin:
taking oleanolic acid as a standard substance, and measuring an absorbance A at a wavelength of 545nm by adopting a 5% vanillin-perchloric acid color development method.
Solid preparation determination: ultrasonic extraction is carried out by taking 70% ethanol as solvent, chloroform and n-butanol are sequentially carried out for extraction after concentration, and 0.5-2mL of extract liquid is precisely transferred to a 25mL colorimetric tube for content determination according to the method.
Examples 1,
(1) Active substance extraction:
extracting an extract 1: using water as an extracting agent, adding 1% of vitamin C, and then crushing 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 35 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam, wherein the solid-liquid ratio (volume ratio) is 1: 6. the pH value is 5.5, cellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 1% (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 2% hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) are added into every 100g of solid for treatment for 2 hours, and inactivation is carried out for 1min at the temperature of 100 ℃; transferring the sample into a flash extractor, wherein the extraction time is 150s, the extraction voltage is 180-: extracting at 20 deg.C, centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15min, and spray drying to obtain extract 1.
And (3) extracting an extract 2: 30 parts of mulberry, 40 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry. Extracting 100s by using 10% ethanol-water as a solvent and a flash type rapid extraction method with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, adding 2% by mass of pectinase (the enzyme activity is 40000U/g), 1% by mass of cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 0.5% by mass of hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) into each 100g of solid, controlling the pH to be 6, carrying out enzymolysis at 30 ℃ for 2h, inactivating at 100 ℃ for 1min, carrying out flash type rapid extraction on the enzymolysis extracting solution for 200s again, filtering to obtain an extracting solution, recovering the ethanol solvent, and concentrating to the original volume of 1/5; mixing AB-8 and LH-20 (2:1) as purifying materials, eluting with 30% ethanol water by mixed resin method to obtain extract 2 concentrated solution, freeze drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain extract 2.
And (3) extracting: crushing 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of dandelion, 30 parts of roasted malt, 10 parts of fructus evodiae and 20 parts of Chinese date, taking 30% ethanol-water as an extraction solvent, adding 2% cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 1% hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) into each 100g of solid, wherein the solid-liquid ratio (the volume ratio) is 1:15, the pH value is 6, and the temperature is 30 ℃, and carrying out enzymatic treatment for 2 hours; microwave treatment with microwave power of 30KW for 2 min; and transferring the microwave system into an ultrasonic extractor, and extracting the functional additive at an ultrasonic frequency of 30kHz and an ultrasonic extraction temperature of 50 ℃ for 60 min. Recovering ethanol solvent, concentrating to original volume of 1/8, and spray drying to obtain extract 3.
And (4) extracting: crushing black rice, sieving with 14-20 mesh sieve, collecting black rice peel, adding 2% amylase alpha-amylase (enzyme activity is 10000U/g) per 100g solid, performing enzymatic treatment at 50 deg.C for 2 hr, and performing microwave treatment with microwave power of 20KW for 2 min; extracting with 0.1% hydrochloric acid water solution as solvent at 30 deg.C under 400W for 60min for 2 times, concentrating the extractive solution at low temperature to original volume of 1/10, prefreezing at-20 deg.C, and freeze drying; with D101: AB-8: and (3) carrying out gradient elution on the D201-1: 1, 60% ethanol-water system to obtain an active ingredient, and freeze-drying to obtain an extract 4 for later use.
And (3) extracting an extract 5: adding anhydrous ethanol into honey to make ethanol content exceed 90%, adding 5% sorbitol according to 100 g: treating xylitol at a ratio of 1:1 with ultrasound for 10min, centrifuging, filtering, concentrating the ethanol extract, spray drying, pre-freezing at-20 deg.C, freeze drying, and mixing the lyophilized powder and spray dried product to obtain extract 5.
(2) Preparation: the effervescent formula is characterized in that: 115 parts of extract, 215 parts of extract, 315 parts of extract, 410 parts of extract, 515 parts of extract, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of adhesive (PEG6000), 4 parts of xylitol, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 1 part of lubricant (aerosil), a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water.
Mixing the extracts 1, 3, 4 and 5 with citric acid and xylitol, adding adhesive, granulating, drying at 50 deg.C, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain effervescent acid phase; mixing the extract 2 with sodium bicarbonate and sodium alginate, granulating by dry method, grading to obtain effervescent base phase, mixing the two phases, and packaging to obtain effervescent.
(3) And (4) checking: determination of anthocyanin by pH differential method: total anthocyanin 32.34%; according to the previous flavone detection method, the standard curve Y is 0.581x +0.015, R 2 0.9993, total flavone content 12.38%. According to the previous polysaccharide determination method, the standard curve Y is 0.017x +0.025, R 2 0.9996, total polysaccharide content 32.4%; its standard curve Y ═ 0.033x +0.037, R 2 Total triterpenes and saponins were 6.12%, 0.9905%.
Examples 2,
(1) Active substance extraction:
extracting an extract 1: taking water as an extracting agent, adding 1% of vitamin C, and then crushing 30 parts of actinidia arguta, 40 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam in a solid-liquid ratio (volume ratio) of 1: 5. adding cellulase (with enzyme activity of 50000U/g) with a mass percent concentration of 1% and hemicellulase (with enzyme activity of 3000U/g) with a mass percent concentration of 2% into each 100g of solid at a pH of 6, treating for 2h, and inactivating for 1min at 100 ℃; transferring the sample into a flash extractor, wherein the extraction time is 100s, the extraction voltage is 180-: extracting at 20 deg.C, centrifuging at 4000r/min for 10min, and spray drying to obtain extract 1.
And (3) extracting an extract 2: 40 parts of mulberry, 30 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry. Extracting 100s by using 20% ethanol-water as a solvent and a flash type rapid extraction method with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, adding 1% by mass of pectinase (the enzyme activity is 40000U/g), 1% by mass of cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 1% by mass of hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) into each 100g of solid, controlling the pH to be 6, carrying out enzymolysis at 30 ℃ for 2h, inactivating at 100 ℃ for 1min, carrying out flash type rapid extraction on the enzymolysis extracting solution for 200s again, filtering to obtain an extracting solution, recovering an ethanol solvent, and concentrating to the original volume of 1/5; purifying with AB-8 and LH-20 as mixed (1:1) purification material by mixed resin method, eluting with 60% ethanol-water to obtain extract 2 concentrate, freeze drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain extract 2.
And (3) extracting: crushing 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of dandelion (whole grass), 20 parts of roasted malt, 10 parts of fructus evodiae and 30 parts of Chinese dates, taking 30% ethanol-water as an extraction solvent, adding 1% cellulase (the enzyme activity is 50000U/g) and 1% hemicellulase (the enzyme activity is 3000U/g) in mass percentage concentration into 100g of solid, and performing enzymatic treatment for 2 hours, wherein the solid-liquid ratio (the volume ratio) is 1:20, the pH value is 6, and the temperature is 30 ℃; microwave treatment with 30KW power for 4 min; and transferring the microwave system into an ultrasonic extractor, and extracting the functional additive at the ultrasonic frequency of 30kHz and the ultrasonic extraction temperature of 40 ℃ for 60 min. Recovering ethanol solvent, concentrating to original volume of 1/5, and spray drying to obtain extract 3.
And (4) extracting: crushing black rice, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, taking black rice peel, adding alpha-amylase (with the enzyme activity of 10000U/g) with the mass percentage concentration of 4% into every 100g of solid, performing enzymatic treatment for 2 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃, performing microwave treatment for 2 minutes at the microwave power of 20 KW; extracting with 0.5% hydrochloric acid water solution as solvent at 30 deg.C under 600W for 60min for 2 times, concentrating the extractive solution at low temperature to original volume of 1/8, prefreezing at-20 deg.C, and freeze drying; and (2) taking the ratio of D101: AB-8: and (3) carrying out gradient elution on the D201-1: 1:2 by using a 60% ethanol-water system to obtain an active ingredient, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain an extract 4 for later use.
And (3) extracting an extract 5: adding anhydrous ethanol into honey to make ethanol content exceed 90%, adding 6% sorbitol according to 100 g: treating xylitol at a ratio of 1:1 with ultrasound for 10min, centrifuging, filtering, concentrating the ethanol extract, spray drying, pre-freezing at-20 deg.C, freeze drying, and mixing the lyophilized powder and spray dried product to obtain extract 5.
(2) Preparation: the effervescent formula is characterized in that: 115 parts of extract, 220 parts of extract, 310 parts of extract, 410 parts of extract, 515 parts of extract, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of adhesive (PEG6000), 3 parts of xylitol, 3 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts of lubricant, a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol and water.
Mixing the extracts 1, 3, 4 and 5 with citric acid and xylitol, adding binder, granulating, drying at 50 deg.C, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain effervescent acid phase; mixing the extract 2 with sodium bicarbonate and sodium alginate, granulating by dry method, grading to obtain effervescent base phase, mixing the base phase and base phase, adding lubricant (stearic acid), tabletting, and packaging to obtain effervescent tablet.
(3) And (4) checking: and (3) determining anthocyanin by adopting a pH differential method: total anthocyanin is 31.05%; according to the detection method of the flavone, the standard curve Y is 0.581x +0.015, R 2 0.9993, total flavone content 13.4%. According to the previous polysaccharide determination method, the standard curve Y is 0.017x +0.025, R 2 0.9996, total polysaccharide content 31.6%; its standard curve Y ═ 0.033x +0.037, R 2 Total triterpenes and saponins were 6.02%, 0.9905%.
Examples 3,
First, acute toxicity test
Acute toxicity test: 30 rats are randomly divided into 10 rats in a blank group, a control group and an experimental group, and water is not forbidden and fasting is carried out for 6 hours before the experiment. The experimental group administered effervescent agent (crushed before tabletting through 100-200 mesh, sterilized distilled water, suspension obtained by high-speed homogenizer treatment) suspension liquid into stomach in 1d for 3 times, wherein each time is 0.25g/mL, the maximum stomach capacity is 4m L/100g, the interval between two times of stomach administration is 6h, and after stomach administration, fasting and water prohibition are carried out for 4 h; the control group is given preparation auxiliary material suspension liquid in the same way as the experimental group; the blank group was subjected to gavage with the same amount of physiological saline as the experimental group. After gavage, three groups of rats were continuously observed for hair, respiration, food intake, feces, oronasal secretion, mental state and body mass change for 1 time each in the morning and afternoon every day for 14 days; and the time to onset, recovery and death was recorded. And (3) measuring the body weight: the recording was started from the 1 st gavage and the measurements were taken 1, 5, 10, 14d after gavage. The next day after the experiment, the rats were sacrificed by dislocation, and the external and internal organs of the rats were dissected and visually observed, and histopathological examination was performed after abnormality was found.
The maximum dose in the experimental group was 0.25g/mL × 40mL/kg (maximum gastric volume) × 3 times to 30g/kg, which is 180 times the maximum daily recommended daily dose for adults (10g/60 kg). After the test group was gavaged at the maximum administration concentration and the maximum gastric volume, the food intake and activity decreased significantly, but recovered to normal from day 2. Continuously observing for 7d, wherein the experimental group has black excrement on the next day and returns to normal after 5 days; the experimental group, the control group and the blank group have no obvious abnormality in hair, respiration, food intake, oral and nasal secretion, mental state and physical quality, and have no death or other abnormal states.
As shown in Table 1, the body mass of the experimental group given 1, 5, 10 and 14d was (149.52 + -1.48), (187.32 + -2.04), (208.84 + -1.73) and (214.89 + -1.98) g, the control group was (151.27 + -1.58), (185.12 + -2.08), (209.32 + -2.18) and (218.16 + -2.54) g, and the blank group was (150.16 + -1.28), (189.24 + -2.84), (208.64 + -2.86) and (216.92 + -3.28) g. The weight comparison of the three groups at each time period was not statistically different (P > 0.05).
TABLE 1 quality Change in groups of rats
Note: (P > 0.05)
The above results show that the effervescent tablet of the present invention has good safety.
And II, improving and repairing gastric ulcer experiment:
taking male Kunming mice as experimental animals, taking a phosphoric acid histamine induction model, a water immersion restraint induction model and an ethanol induction model as experimental groups, carrying out a molding experiment, performing intragastric administration on extract suspension after molding, taking a tissue strip of 0.5 multiplied by 1.0cm close to the front wall of a pyloric gastric body of a antrum of the stomach to prepare a pathological section by detecting the preliminary judgment effects of weight, food intake, water intake, observation behavior and the like, considering pathological changes and a normal stomach wall in the junction of the pathological changes, and carrying out conventional HE dyeing and observation under a light microscope.
Main instrument
A mouse fixer; JV22-DST-671 model animal electronic scale, Beijing, Zhongxi, Ministry of science and technology; NV2L stereomicroscope, shanghai precision instruments ltd; MP-501A model constant temperature water bath, light mirror (microscope image acquisition system (OLYMPUS, BX 41)), and the like.
The molding method comprises the following steps:
50 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., 10 blank control groups (normal control groups), 20 histamine phosphate groups, and 20 ethanol method groups, respectively. The day of molding was taken as day 1. The other 3 groups except the normal control group were fasted at 8:00 am on the first 1 day without water deprivation until 8:00 am on the first 1 day. The 1 st morning, 8:00, groups were chronologically ordered and molding was started in sequence. The method comprises the following specific steps:
A. blank (normal) control group: normal drinking and ingestion.
B. Phosphoric acid histamine group: and 8:00 in the morning, and performing intragastric administration. Concentration: 8 mg/ml; dosage: 0.8mg/10 g.
C. And (2) ethanol group: gavage was performed at 9:00 am. Dosage: 0.1ml/10g of absolute ethyl alcohol.
On the day 17:00, 2 patients in each group were dissected and observed for gastric molding; on the day 19:00, normal drinking water intake is recovered, the mice are raised conventionally, the performance of the mice is observed, and the mice in each group are randomly divided into 2 groups, wherein one group is an administration group, and the other group is treated by normal saline; the day 20:00 is treated by the first administration, the blank group is given with normal saline, the dose is 2mg/10g, the administration frequency is 3 times/24 h, the blank group is continuously fed for 15 days to be killed, and relevant results are detected.
The mice with ethanol and histamine phosphate in different states are relatively poor after the mice are subjected to model building, and the mice are observed to have gastric mucosa injuries in different degrees through deplaning, wherein after ethanol stimulation, gastric tissue edema has an increasing trend compared with a blank group control group in terms of weight, but the difference has no statistical significance. After 1 day after administration, the state of the mice with ethanol group and histamine phosphate is recovered, and the state of the water immersion restraint group is not obviously different from that of the control group.
The result of the repair effect of the invention on the gastric mucosa injury is shown in figure 1, and the pathological graphs of a typical ethanol ulcer and a typical histamine phosphate group in a comparison graph 2-3 in figure 1 can be obviously seen, which indicates that the modeling is successful in the experiment; compared with a control group, the experimental result shows that the ulcer surface is obviously formed after the ethanol and phosphoric acid amine group model building, the treatment is obviously improved after 15 days, in addition, the mouse death phenomenon is generated in the ethanol model building group (untreated group) and the phosphoric acid amine model building group (untreated group), the result is shown in figure 4, the survival mouse of the obviously administered group is obviously different from that of the untreated group, and the results before and after the treatment show that the gastric ulcer can be obviously improved and repaired.
Thirdly, the research result of the alcoholic liver injury model is as follows:
the effect of the extract mixture on the liver was studied using a rat alcoholic liver injury model: the liver indexes, TC, ALT and AST are detected by a full-automatic biochemical analyzer, MDA is detected by a TBA kit, SOD is detected by a xanthine oxidase kit method, GSH-PX is detected by a DTNB spectrophotometry method, and TG is detected by a KOH saponification-periodic acid oxidation kit.
The experimental process is as follows: the normal rats were fed with the feed for one week. 10 blank groups are divided, and 40 molding groups are manufactured. Feeding the blank group with common feed, performing intragastric administration with 10 mL/(kg. d) of pure water, and freely drinking the pure water; the model rats were randomly divided into a model group, a large dose group, a medium dose group and a small dose group. Each group had 10. The molding method is that the stomach is drenched by 50 percent ethanol 10mL/(kg d) in 2 times, and the timing is 9: 00: 00 and 21: 00, freely drinking 5% ethanol beverage (prepared by pure water), and feeding with common feed. The model group is perfused with pure water of 10 mL/(kg.d) during the molding; the large, medium and small dose groups are respectively perfused with suspension of 25 g/(kg.d), 15 g/(kg.d) and 5 g/(kg.d) during molding; the gavage time was fixed at 14 pm per day: 00. each group was sacrificed after weighing at the end of 12 weeks, blood was taken from the abdominal veins, fasting was performed 12 hours before blood was taken, and 5% ethanol beverage was freely drunk. The sacrificed rat is left to take liver tissue and weigh, observe the appearance, color, texture and section condition, take a small amount of liver middle tissue to prepare 0.85% sodium chloride homogenate, centrifuge and take supernatant fluid, and store in a refrigerator at minus 20 ℃ for standby.
② typical liver function index below, as shown in Table 1
TABLE 2 changes in blood lipid and liver function of rats in each group
TABLE 3 liver tissue SOD, MDA, GSHpx changes in rats of each group
Table 4 weight change of rats in each group
The body weight of the model group rats is obviously reduced compared with that of the blank group rats (P <0.01), and the body weight of the rats in the administration dose group is not obviously different from that of the model group. Model group rats had a significant increase in liver index compared to the blank group (P < 0.01). The liver index of the administration group is significantly reduced compared with that of the model group (P < 0.05). The rats in the model group have hepatic tissue steatosis and inflammatory infiltration, and the ALT, AST, TG and TC activities of the serum are obviously increased compared with those in the blank group. And the SOD and GSH-Px activity in the liver tissue is obviously reduced. The MDA content is obviously increased. The dosage of the administration group is improved in different degrees, so that the liver protection effect is achieved.
Fourth, the research results of antioxidation, antifatigue, antitumor, hypoglycemic are:
oxidation resistance
The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity is measured by adopting phenanthroline-FeSO 4 -H 2 O 2 The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of the system research is calculated according to the following formula:
clearance (%) [ (Q1-Q2) ]/[ Q3-Q2] × 100
In the formula: q: sample + phenanthroline-FeSO 4 -H 2 O 2 Absorbance of the system solution; q: h 2 O 2 Absorbance of the solution + blank sample system solution; q3 without H 2 O 2 And absorbance of the system solution of the sample.
The DPPH free radical scavenging ability is measured by reacting at 522nm in the dark for 30min, and the scavenging ability is measured by the following calculation formula:
clearance (%) [1- (D1-D2)/D0] X100
In the formula: D02.5mLDPPH +1.5mL of absolute ethanol; d1, 2.5mL LDPPH +1.5mL of sample to be detected; d2: 2.5m absolute ethyl alcohol +1.5mL of sample to be tested.
The results are shown in fig. 5 and 6, which demonstrate that the effervescent tablet of the present invention has a function of scavenging free radicals.
② antifatigue
Anti-fatigue study of active ingredients of effervescent agent (effervescent tablet): the anti-fatigue activity was studied using a mouse (Kunming) weight model with swimming time and the content of lactic acid in whole blood as indices. The results are as follows:
(1) the effect on swimming time of Kunming mice is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 swimming test results
(2) The effect on blood lactate levels in Kunming mice is shown in Table 6
TABLE 6 Effect on blood lactate levels in mice
③ anti-tumor
The extract was subjected to antitumor study using 2 kinds of gastric cancer cells (MGC-803, SGC-7901) as target cells by MTT method. The results are shown in fig. 7, which shows that the effervescent tablet of the present invention has certain antitumor activity.
Fourthly, reducing blood sugar
(1) Effect on weight changes in mice
The average body weight of the mice at the basic level is 27.9g, and after one week of adaptation, a type 2 diabetes mouse model is induced and established in a mode of intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The mean value of the body weight after film formation was 34.2g, the body weight of the mice in the model group decreased to 26.6g after 8 weeks of continuous gavage, while the body weight of the mice in the normal group continued to increase from 33.3g after modeling to 42.5g, the body weight of the mice with type 2 diabetes decreased significantly at week 2, slightly at week 3 after administration, and the body weight of the mice in the model group continued to decrease even after 8 weeks of administration, as shown in table 7 and fig. 8.
TABLE 7 Effect on mouse body weight (g)
(2) Effect on the Change in blood glucose concentration in mice
After the model of the type 2 diabetes mouse is successfully established, the mouse is subjected to continuous 8-week gavage administration, and the fasting blood glucose concentration is measured once a week from the first day of the gavage administration. The mean value of the blood sugar concentration of the mice at the basic level is 6.28mmol/L, after one week of adaptation, the STZ is injected in the abdominal cavity to induce a type 2 diabetes mouse model, the mean value of the blood sugar concentration after film forming is 25.15mmol/L, after 8 weeks of continuous intragastric gavage administration, the blood sugar concentration of the mice in the model group is 27.92mmol/L, and after intragastric gavage administration, the blood sugar concentration of the mice in each administration group and the blood sugar concentration of the mice before intragastric gavage administration are obviously reduced, as shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 Effect on mouse blood glucose levels (mmol/L)
Claims (7)
1. An effervescent tablet comprises an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient comprises the following components in parts by mass:
15-30 parts of extract, 210-30 parts of extract, 310-20 parts of extract, 45-20 parts of extract and 515 parts of extract;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 20-40 parts of okra and 10-40 parts of Chinese yam;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 2 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 40 parts of mulberry, 20-50 parts of blackcurrant and 10-40 parts of blueberry;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 3 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 20-30 parts of roasted malt, 5-10 parts of fructus evodiae and 10-30 parts of Chinese date;
the raw material for extracting the extract 4 is the skin of the black rice;
the raw material for extracting the extract 5 is honey;
the method for extracting the extract 1 comprises the following steps: taking water as an extracting agent, crushing fresh actinidia arguta, okra and Chinese yam, adding cellulase and hemicellulase for treatment, and inactivating; then flash extraction is adopted to obtain an extracting solution; after the extracting solution is centrifugally treated, adding vitamin C and drying to obtain an extract 1;
the method for extracting the extract 2 comprises the following steps: mixing mulberries, blackcurrants and blueberries with a solvent of ethanol-water, extracting by adopting a flash type rapid extraction method, adding pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase for treatment, inactivating, extracting the obtained enzymolysis extracting solution by adopting the flash type rapid extraction method again, filtering to obtain an extracting solution, and concentrating; purifying with AB-8 and LH-20 as mixed purification materials by mixed resin method to obtain extract 2 concentrated solution, and freeze drying to obtain extract 2;
the method for extracting the extract 3 comprises the following steps: pulverizing radix Codonopsis, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, herba Taraxaci, fructus Hordei Germinatus preparata, fructus evodiae, and fructus Jujubae, extracting with ethanol-water as extraction solvent, adding cellulase and hemicellulase, and performing enzymatic treatment; then carrying out microwave treatment; performing ultrasonic extraction on a microwave system, concentrating and drying to obtain an extract 3;
the method for extracting the extract 4 comprises the following steps: crushing black rice, taking black rice peel, adding amylase, performing enzymatic treatment, and then performing microwave treatment; ultrasonic extracting for 1-3 times with hydrochloric acid water solution as solvent, concentrating the obtained extract at low temperature, pre-freezing, and freeze-drying; then eluting to obtain active ingredients, and freeze-drying to obtain extract 4;
the method for extracting the extract 5 comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol into Mel, adding sorbitol and xylitol, ultrasonic treating, centrifuging, filtering, concentrating the ethanol extract, and spray drying to obtain spray dried product; pre-freezing the non-alcohol-soluble part at-20 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain freeze-dried powder; mixing the freeze-dried powder and the spray-dried product to obtain an extract 5.
2. An effervescent tablet according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by mass:
10-20 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 5-15 parts of citric acid, 1-20 parts of xylitol, 0-10 parts of sorbitol, 1-3 parts of an adhesive, 1-5 parts of sodium alginate and 1-3 parts of a lubricant.
3. An effervescent tablet according to claim 2, wherein: the adhesive is at least one of PEG2000, PEG4000, PEG6000 and PVP;
the lubricant is at least one of superfine silica gel powder, talcum powder and magnesium stearate.
4. An effervescent tablet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the effervescent tablet comprises the following active ingredients in parts by mass:
110-25 parts of extract, 210-25 parts of extract, 310-20 parts of extract, 410-20 parts of extract and 515 parts of extract;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 35 parts of actinidia arguta, 25-35 parts of okra and 30 parts of Chinese yam;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 2 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30 or 40 parts of mulberry, 30-40 parts of blackcurrant and 30 parts of blueberry;
the raw materials for extracting the extract 3 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 5 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 5-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 20-30 parts of dandelion, 20-30 parts of roasted malt, 5-10 parts of fructus evodiae and 10-30 parts of Chinese date.
5. An effervescent tablet according to claim 1, wherein: the extraction of the extract 1 was carried out according to the following steps: crushing the actinidia arguta, the okra and the Chinese yam, wherein the solid-liquid volume ratio of the total amount of the actinidia arguta, the okra and the Chinese yam to the water is 1: 1-6, the pH is 5-7, and cellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% and hemicellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-2% are added to each 100g of solid for treatment for 1-2 hours; inactivating for 1min at 80-100 ℃; transferring the mixture into a flash extractor for extraction for 150-200 s, extracting at the voltage of 180-220v and the extraction temperature of 10-20 ℃, and obtaining an extracting solution; centrifuging the extracting solution at 3000-5000 r/min for 5-20 min, adding 0.5-2% by mass of vitamin C, and spray drying to obtain an extract 1;
the extraction of the extract 2 was carried out according to the following steps: mixing mulberries, blackcurrants and blueberries with 10-30% of ethanol-water by volume percentage, extracting for 50-100 s by adopting a flash type rapid extraction method according to the solid-liquid volume ratio of 1: 5-10, adding pectinase with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-1%, cellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% and hemicellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% into each 100g of solid, carrying out enzymatic treatment for 1-2 h at the pH of 4-7 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃, inactivating for 1min at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, extracting an enzymolysis extracting solution again by adopting a flash type rapid extraction method, filtering to obtain an extracting solution, and concentrating; the ratio of AB-8: purifying the mixed purification material LH-20 (1: 0.2-5) by a mixed resin method, performing gradient elution by using 10-90% ethanol-water by volume percentage to obtain an extract 2 concentrated solution, freeze-drying, crushing, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve to obtain an extract 2;
the extraction of the extract 3 was carried out according to the following steps: crushing codonopsis pilosula, ligusticum wallichii, dandelion, whole plants, roasted malt, fructus evodiae and Chinese date, taking 5-40% ethanol-water in percentage by volume as an extraction solvent, adding cellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 2-4% and hemicellulase with the mass percentage concentration of 1-2% into each 100g of solid at the solid-liquid volume ratio of 1: 10-20 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃, and performing enzymatic treatment for 2-4 hours; performing microwave treatment for 2-4 min at the microwave power of 10-30 KW; transferring the microwave system into an ultrasonic extractor, and extracting the functional additive at an ultrasonic extraction temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 30-60 min at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-30 kHz; recovering the ethanol solvent, concentrating to 1/8-1/4 of the original volume, and spray drying to obtain the extract 3;
the extraction of the extract 4 was carried out according to the following steps: crushing black rice, taking black rice peel, adding amylase with the mass percentage concentration of 1-5% into every 100g of solid, performing enzymatic treatment for 2-4 hours, performing microwave treatment for 1-2 min at the microwave power of 10-20 KW; taking a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the volume percentage content of 0.1-1% as a solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 200-800W for 60-120 min, extracting for 2 times, concentrating the obtained extracting solution at low temperature to the original volume of 1/5-1/10, pre-freezing at the temperature of-20 ℃, and carrying out freeze drying; with D101: AB-8: performing gradient elution on the D201-1: 1: 1-5 ethanol-water system with the volume percentage of 10-90% to obtain an active ingredient, and performing freeze drying to obtain the extract 4;
taking the extract 5 according to the following steps: adding absolute ethyl alcohol into honey to enable the volume content of the ethyl alcohol to exceed 70-90%, adding 5-10% of sorbitol according to 100 g: and (2) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on xylitol at the ratio of 1:1 for 5-10 min, carrying out centrifugal filtration, concentrating and spray-drying an alcohol extraction part for later use, carrying out pre-freezing on a non-alcohol-soluble part at the temperature of-20 ℃, carrying out freeze-drying, and mixing the freeze-dried powder and a spray-dried product to obtain the extract 5.
6. A process for the preparation of an effervescent tablet as claimed in claim 2 or 3, comprising the steps of:
mixing the extract 1, the extract 3, the extract 4 and the extract 5 with the citric acid and the xylitol, adding a binding agent, and performing granulation, drying and size stabilization to obtain an effervescent acid phase; mixing the extract 2 with the sodium bicarbonate and the sodium alginate, and performing dry granulation and granule finishing to obtain an effervescent base phase; and mixing the effervescent acid phase and the effervescent alkali phase, adding the lubricant, mixing, tabletting and packaging to obtain the effervescent tablet.
7. Use of an effervescent tablet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of a product having the following functions 1) to 3):
1) auxiliary protection of gastric mucosa;
2) at least one active function of antioxidation, antifatigue and auxiliary hypoglycemic;
3) protecting liver.
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