CN110150502A - A kind of horse ridge goose special feed and preparation method thereof and method for breeding - Google Patents
A kind of horse ridge goose special feed and preparation method thereof and method for breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN110150502A CN110150502A CN201910596770.XA CN201910596770A CN110150502A CN 110150502 A CN110150502 A CN 110150502A CN 201910596770 A CN201910596770 A CN 201910596770A CN 110150502 A CN110150502 A CN 110150502A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of horse ridge goose special feed and preparation method thereof and method for breeding, by weight, comprising: 2-3 parts of feather meal, 5-10 parts of rapeseed dregs, 10-20 parts of corn, 3-5 parts of chitosan, fermentation grass meal 5-10 parts, 10-15 parts of rice, 1-1.2 parts of soybean oil, 5-8 parts of dregs of beans, 3-5 parts of fly maggot powder, 1-1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of premix, 1-2 parts of mountain flour, 0.1-0.2 parts of salt, 0.2-0.5 parts of probiotics, 0.3-0.5 parts of Cr-enriched yeast, 5-10 parts of oligofructose, 0.5-1 parts of zinc oxide.It fully ensures that the nutritional need of horse ridge goose fast-growth by reasonable raw material proportioning, improves kind of goose reproductive performance and meat goose quality, and can significantly reduce meat feed ratio simultaneously, saves economic cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to livestock-raising field, specially a kind of horse ridge goose special feed and preparation method thereof and raising side
Method.
Background technique
Horse ridge goose is Guangdong choice meat goose strain, be mainly characterized by adapting to southern warm condition, looking for food property it is strong,
Fattening performance is good, Fresh & Tender in Texture, there is the comparable market advantage.
But horse ridge goose is limited by seasonal breeding, does not carry out system research to nutritional need in addition, female goose is with regard to nest
Property it is strong, reproductive performance is low, plant 30 pieces of goose annual egg or so, greatly hinder the development of intensive feeding goose industry.
Meanwhile for a long time, China is less to the research and development of the nutritional need and feed formula of goose, each kind raising mark
Standard lacks, and causes the feeding goose producer can only be with reference to chicken, the feeding standard of duck or some feeding standards external many years ago.Currently,
Horse ridge goose still uses traditional yard feeding pattern, and raiser is mostly directly raised with the essence that the raw grains such as paddy make kind of goose and meat sold on the market goose
Material, feed ingredient and preparation method are unreasonable, lack of standardization, and goose nutrition intake is not comprehensive, and it is at high cost, feed conversion rate is low,
It is all one of the main reason for kind of goose reproductive performance is low, meat goose quality is not high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of horse ridge goose special feeds and preparation method thereof and feeding
The method of supporting fully ensures that the nutritional need of horse ridge goose fast-growth by reasonable raw material proportioning, improves kind of a goose reproductive performance
And meat goose quality, and meat feed ratio can be significantly reduced simultaneously, save economic cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
On the one hand, a kind of horse ridge goose special feed is provided, by weight, comprising: 2-3 parts of feather meal, rapeseed dregs 5-
10 parts, 10-20 parts of corn, 3-5 parts of chitosan, fermentation grass meal 5-10 parts, 10-15 parts of rice, 1-1.2 parts of soybean oil, dregs of beans 5-8
Part, 3-5 parts of fly maggot powder, 1-1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of premix, 1-2 parts of mountain flour, 0.1-0.2 parts of salt, probiotics 0.2-
0.5 part, 0.3-0.5 parts of Cr-enriched yeast, 5-10 parts of oligofructose, 0.5-1 parts of zinc oxide.
Preferably, the premix includes: 1-2 parts of arginine, 1-2 parts of lysine, 1.5-2 parts of methionine, threonine 1-
1.5 parts, 1-2 parts of composite polymineral of fowl, 0.3-0.5 parts of fowl compound vitamin, 0.1-0.2 parts of phytase, antioxidant 0.2-0.3
Part, 1-1.2 parts of choline chloride, 2-3 parts of mould inhibitor.
Preferably, fowl compound vitamin includes: 0.2-0.5 parts of vitamin B12, -2 parts of vitamin B11, vitamin
B23-5 parts, 3-5 parts of vitamin B6,2-3 parts of vitamine D3,10-15 parts of vitamin E, 10-15 parts of niacin, vitamin A 3-5
Part, 1-1.5 parts of Vitamin K3,2-3 parts of biotin, 0.5-1 parts of folic acid, 5-10 parts of pantothenic acid.
Preferably, the probiotics includes one of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, EM bacterium or a variety of.
On the other hand, a kind of preparation method of horse ridge goose special feed is provided comprising following steps:
S1, prepare each raw material according to component proportion；
S2, corn, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, rice are crushed, and crosses 2.0mm sieve；
And S3, by through step S2 crush the raw material obtained and the feather meals of above-mentioned parts by weight, chitosan, fermentation grass meal,
Mountain flour, soybean oil, fly maggot powder, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, premix, salt, probiotics, Cr-enriched yeast, oligofructose are sufficiently mixed.Again will
Mixed material is transported to granulator, pelletizes by 80-90 DEG C of modulation, and the pellet that production diameter is 4-5mm finally obtains
The horse ridge goose breeding feed.
Preferably, the preparation process of the feather meal includes:
Impurity in S10, cleaning feather, is then placed in bulking machine and carries out extruding, and swelling temperature is 200-250 DEG C；Through
Feather after extruding crushes, and obtains the feather meal that granularity is 30-50 mesh；
S20, the water that 1-2 times of its weight is added in feather meal carry out boiling, and boiling temperature is 100-150 DEG C, boiling pressure
Power is 200-300KPa, digestion time 1-2h, to obtain feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material, then is carried out to feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material
Enzymolysis processing；
The enzymolysis processing process includes:
Primary enzymolysis: being added the keratinase of its weight 1-1.5% in feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material, adjust pH to
It 7.0-9.0 and adjusts the temperature to 45-55 DEG C, is sufficiently stirred, react to be separated by solid-liquid separation after 2-3h and obtain the first enzymolysis liquid of liquid
And first residue；
Secondary enzymolysis: being added the pepsin of its weight 1-2% in first residue, adjust pH to 1.5-2.5 with
And 35-40 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, it is sufficiently stirred, reacts and be separated by solid-liquid separation the second enzymolysis liquid for obtaining liquid and second residual after 1-2h
Slag；
Digest three times: being added the trypsase of its weight 1-2% in second residue, adjust pH to 7.0-9.0 with
And 35-45 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, it is sufficiently stirred, is separated by solid-liquid separation the third enzymolysis liquid for obtaining liquid after reacting 1-2h and third is residual
Slag；
S30, after the completion of digesting, merge the first enzymolysis liquid, the second enzymolysis liquid and third enzymolysis liquid, obtain and merge enzymatic hydrolysis
Liquid is added active carbon by the 3% of its weight in merging enzymolysis liquid, stirs evenly, is centrifuged, goes after keeping the temperature 30min at 55 DEG C
Sediment, to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis clear liquid；Enzymatic hydrolysis clear liquid is concentrated under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C by rolling high pressure reverse osmosis membrane again,
Obtain enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate；
S40, merge the first residue, the second residue and third residue, to obtain merging residue, in the merging residue
The water of 1-2 times of its weight is added, stands 2-3h after adjusting pH to 6.5-7.6, is centrifuged under the conditions of revolving speed 4000-6000rpm
15min, collection obtain level-one sediment and supernatant；
S50, stand 1-2h after adjusting the supernatant pH to 6.5-7.6, under the conditions of revolving speed 4000-6000rpm from
Heart 15min, collection obtain two-stage precipitation object；Merge level-one sediment, two-stage precipitation object, crushed after being dried obtains the first feather meal
Raw material；
And S60, by vacuum freeze-drying method to enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate be dried, crushing obtain the second feather meal original
Material merges the first feather powder raw material, the second feather powder raw material, to obtain the feather meal.
On the other hand, a kind of cultural method of horse ridge goose is also provided comprising following steps:
S100, the place for selecting traffic convenience, topography flat are farming site, and in farming site plantation draft and/or
Xylophyta so that horse ridge goose eats, inhabites, and in farming site excavates pond, and the planting aquatic plants in pond；
S200, construction goose house, and be arranged at liftoff 30-50cm for the movable net bed of horse ridge goose in goose house；And horse ridge goose
For the first time into before goose house, 1% Eusol of sprinkling carries out disinfection to space in goose house；
During S300,1-5 age in days goose cultivate, 28-30 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-70% in goose house are adjusted；6-20
During age in days goose cultivates, 25-28 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-68% in goose house are adjusted；During 21-40 age in days goose cultivates,
Adjust 24-27 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 63-65% in goose house；21-25 DEG C of 41-60 age in days temperature, relative humidity 61-
63%；Wherein, the goose in 20 ages in days feeds gosling feed 5-6 times daily, and feed scale of feeding is 5-10g/ every time；
Since 21 ages in days, start to drive goose between 6 points to 7 points of every morning and be lauched, making it, activity 2-3 is small in water
When, then goose house is come back, rear feeding is fed claim 1-4 described in any item horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 times in goose house,
Each feed scale of feeding is 300-400g/；Goose is driven again after 45-90min and is lauched, so recycle, until at night 6 points extremely
Goose is come back into goose house again between 7 points；After goose enters goose house at night, described in 3-4 hours feeding claim any one of 1-4
Horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 time；
And S400, horse ridge goose gander are delivered for sale when growing to 60 age in days.
Preferably, in step S300,1% Eusol of sprinkling carries out disinfection to space in goose house within every 7-10 days；And
It is carried out disinfection with 5% new fresh lime to net bed, goose water appliance and goose ware within every 3-5 days.
It preferably, further include the immune programme to horse ridge goose kind goose in step S300, process includes:
1) gosling plague high-immunity egg yellow liquor and ND IV system Attenuate vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 1-2 age in days, gosling plague high-immunity egg is yellow
Liquid dosage of inoculation is 1.0mL/ plumage, and ND IV system Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation is 2 part/plumages；
2) AI H5 (Re-5) killed oil-emulsified vaccine is injected to the kind goose of 3-5 age in days, dosage of inoculation is 0.5mL/ plumage；
3) gosling plague high-immunity egg yellow liquor is injected to the kind goose of 6-12 age in days, dosage of inoculation is 1.5mL/ plumage；
4) ND+AI H9 bigeminy killed oil-emulsified vaccine is injected to the kind goose of 13-21 age in days and AI H5 (Re-5) is oil-emulsion inactivated
Seedling, dosage of inoculation are 1.0mL/ plumage；
5) hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated is injected to the kind goose of 22-28 age in days and duck plague Attenuate vaccine, fowl goes out
Lose-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated dosage of inoculation be 1.0mL/ plumage, duck plague Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation be 20 part/plumages；
6) ND+AI H9 bigeminy oil emulsion inactivated vaccine is injected to the kind goose of 29-70 age in days and AI H5 (Re-5) is oil-emulsion inactivated
Seedling, dosage of inoculation are 1.0mL/ plumage；
7) hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated is injected to the kind goose of 71-120 age in days and duck plague Attenuate vaccine, fowl goes out
Lose-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated dosage of inoculation be 1.0mL/ plumage, duck plague Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation be 20 part/plumages；
8) ND+AI H9 bigeminy oil emulsion inactivated vaccine and AI H5 (Re-5) oil emulsion adjuvant are injected to the kind goose of 121-130 age in days
Newborn seedling, dosage of inoculation are 0.8mL/ plumage.
Preferably, in step S300, light filling is carried out in goose house daily, and light filling intensity is 18-22lx, lighting time is
3-5h。
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention fully ensures that the nutritional need of horse ridge goose fast-growth by reasonable raw material proportioning, and it is numerous to improve kind of goose
Performance and meat goose quality are grown, and meat feed ratio can be significantly reduced simultaneously, economic cost is saved, increases economic efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely retouched
It states, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
By weight, horse ridge goose special feed is made of following raw material in the present embodiment: 2 parts of feather meal, rapeseed dregs 5
Part, 12 parts of corn, 3 parts of chitosan, fermentation 5 parts of grass meal, 10 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean oil, 5 parts of dregs of beans, 3 powder of fly maggot powder, phosphoric acid hydrogen
1 part of calcium, 1 part of premix, 1 part of mountain flour, 0.1 part of salt, 0.3 part of probiotics, 0.3 part of Cr-enriched yeast, 5 parts of oligofructose, oxidation
0.5 part of zinc.
Wherein, the probiotics includes one of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, EM bacterium or a variety of；By weight, described
Premix includes: 1 part of arginine, 1 part of lysine, 1.5 parts of methionine, 1 part of threonine, 1 part of composite polymineral of fowl, fowl with compound
0.3 part of multidimensional, 0.1 part of phytase, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 1 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of mould inhibitor (preferably mould proof treasured).
By weight, fowl compound vitamin includes: 0.2 part of vitamin B12, vitamin B11 part, vitamin B2 3
Part, 3 parts of vitamin B6,2 parts of vitamine D3,10 parts of vitamin E, 10 parts of niacin, 3 parts of vitamin A, 1 part of Vitamin K3, biology
Plain 2 parts, 0.5 part of folic acid, 5 parts of pantothenic acid.
Wherein, rice, corn, grass meal, rapeseed dregs, dregs of beans can act as the main energetic feed of goose material, be suitably added fly
Maggot powder, feather meal can further supplement protein content, enhance goose constitution, improve immunity, and probiotics, Cr-enriched yeast,
Oligofructose, premix can promote the digestion and absorption for feed, effectively prevent the generation of disease of digestive tract, meanwhile, it is rich in B group
Vitamin, vitamin E fowl the secretory volume, acidity and eupepsy of goose gastric juice can be promoted to increase with compound vitamin, thus reinforce stomach
Power function accelerates Emptying Rate, thus feed digestion is promoted to absorb, improve food conversion ratio, while vitamin E abundant, essence
Propylhomoserin and zinc oxide are remarkably improved the reproductive performance of kind of goose.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment the difference is that only that by weight, the horse ridge goose in the present embodiment is dedicated with embodiment one
Feed includes: 3 parts of feather meal, 8 parts of rapeseed dregs, 20 parts of corn, 5 parts of chitosan, fermentation 9 parts of grass meal, 14 parts of rice, soybean oil
1.2 parts, 8 parts of dregs of beans, 5 powder of fly maggot powder, 1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of premix, 2 parts of mountain flour, 0.2 part of salt, probiotics 0.5
Part, 0.4 part of Cr-enriched yeast, 10 parts of oligofructose, 1 part of zinc oxide.
The premix is made of following raw material: arginase 12 part, 2 parts of lysine, 2 parts of methionine, 1.5 parts of threonine, fowl
With 2 parts of composite polymineral, 0.5 part of fowl compound vitamin, 0.2 part of phytase, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 1.2 parts of choline chloride, mould proof
3 parts of agent.
The fowl is made of following raw material with compound vitamin: 0.5 part of vitamin B12, vitamin B12 part, vitamin B2 5
Part, 5 parts of vitamin B6,3 parts of vitamine D3,15 parts of vitamin E, 15 parts of niacin, 5 parts of vitamin A, 1.5 parts of Vitamin K3, life
Object element 3 parts, 1 part of folic acid, 10 parts of pantothenic acid.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment the difference is that only that by weight, the horse ridge goose in the present embodiment is dedicated with embodiment one
Feed includes: 2.5 parts of feather meal, 7 parts of rapeseed dregs, 15 parts of corn, 4 parts of chitosan, fermentation 8 parts of grass meal, 12 parts of rice, soybean oil
1.1 parts, 7 parts of dregs of beans, 4 parts of fly maggot powder, 1.1 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of premix, 1.5 parts of mountain flour, 0.15 part of salt, probiotics
0.3 part, 0.4 part of Cr-enriched yeast, 7 parts of oligofructose, 0.8 part of zinc oxide.
The premix includes: 1.5 parts of arginine, 1.5 parts of lysine, 1.8 parts of methionine, 1.2 parts of threonine, fowl with again
Close 1.5 parts of more mines, 0.4 part of compound vitamin of fowl, 0.15 part of phytase, 0.25 part of antioxidant, 1.1 parts of choline chloride, mould proof
2.5 parts of agent.
The fowl is made of following raw material with compound vitamin: 0.4 part of vitamin B12 .5 parts of vitamin B11, vitamin B2 4
Part, 4 parts of vitamin B6,2.5 parts of vitamine D3,13 parts of vitamin E, 12 parts of niacin, 4 parts of vitamin A, 1.2 parts of Vitamin K3,
2.5 parts of biotin, 0.8 part of folic acid, 7 parts of pantothenic acid.
Table 1 shows the trophic level of feed in embodiment 1-3, from table 1 it follows that it can meet completely on the whole
The nutritional need of goose growth, and in individual indexs, such as on crude protein level, it is even better than traditional horse ridge goose feed.
The trophic level of feed in 1 embodiment 1-3 of table
Example IV:
A kind of preparation method of the horse ridge goose special feed in embodiment one to three, packet are additionally provided in the present embodiment
It includes:
S1, prepare each raw material according to the component proportion in one to three any one of embodiment；
S2, corn, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, rice are crushed, and crosses 2.0mm sieve；
And S3, the feather that any one of the raw material obtained and embodiment one to three parts by weight will be crushed through step S2
It is powder, chitosan, fermentation grass meal, mountain flour, soybean oil, fly maggot powder, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, premix, salt, probiotics, Cr-enriched yeast, low
Fructooligosaccharides is sufficiently mixed, then mixed material is transported to granulator, is pelletized by 80-90 DEG C (preferably 85 DEG C) of modulation, raw
The pellet that diameter is 4-5mm is produced, the horse ridge goose breeding feed is finally obtained.
In the present embodiment, the feed link ovennodulation granulating process production, thus, it is possible to improve the digestibility of raw material, and
Harmful microorganism in raw material can be killed, while guaranteeing the rate containing powder of feed below 0.25%.
The preparation process of the feather meal includes:
Impurity in S10, cleaning feather, is then placed in bulking machine and carries out extruding, and the swelling temperature is 200-250
DEG C (preferably 220 DEG C) so that feather be easier it is pulverized；The feather of after the swelling crushes, and obtains the plumage that granularity is 30-50 mesh
Mao Fen；
S20, the water that 1-2 times of its weight (preferably 1.5 times) is added in feather meal carry out boiling, and boiling temperature is
100-150 DEG C (preferably 120 DEG C), cooking pressure be 200-300KPa (preferably 250KPa), digestion time be 1-2h (preferably
For 1.5h), to obtain feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material, then enzymolysis processing is carried out to feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material；
The enzymolysis processing process includes:
Primary enzymolysis: the keratin of its weight 1-1.5% (preferably 1.2%) is added in feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material
Enzyme adjusts pH to 7.0-9.0 and adjusts the temperature to 45-55 DEG C (preferably 50 DEG C), is sufficiently stirred, and reaction 2-3h is (preferably
It 2.5h) is separated by solid-liquid separation afterwards and obtains the first enzymolysis liquid and the first residue of liquid；
Secondary enzymolysis: being added the pepsin of its weight 1-2% (preferably 1.5%) in first residue, adjusts
It pH to 1.5-2.5 and adjusts the temperature to 35-40 DEG C (preferably 37 DEG C), is sufficiently stirred, after reaction 1-2h (preferably 1.5h)
Separation of solid and liquid obtains the second enzymolysis liquid and the second residue of liquid；
It digests three times: the trypsase of its weight 1-2% (preferably 1.5%) being added in second residue, adjust
It pH to 7.0-9.0 and adjusts the temperature to 35-45 DEG C (preferably 40 DEG C), is sufficiently stirred, after reaction 1-2h (preferably 1.5h)
Separation of solid and liquid obtains the third enzymolysis liquid and third residue of liquid；
S30, after the completion of digesting, merge the first enzymolysis liquid, the second enzymolysis liquid and third enzymolysis liquid, obtain and merge enzymatic hydrolysis
Liquid is added active carbon by the 3% of its weight in merging enzymolysis liquid, stirs evenly, is centrifuged, goes after keeping the temperature 30min at 55 DEG C
Sediment, to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis clear liquid；It is reverse osmosis by rolling high pressure under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C (preferably 37 DEG C) clear liquid will to be digested again
Film is concentrated, and enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate is obtained；
S40, merge the first residue, the second residue and third residue, to obtain merging residue, in the merging residue
It is added the water of 1-2 times of its weight (preferably 1.5 times), stands 2-3h (preferably 2.5h) after adjusting pH to 6.5-7.6, then at turning
15min is centrifuged under the conditions of fast 4000-6000rpm (preferably 5000rpm), collection obtains level-one sediment and supernatant；
S50,1-2h (preferably 1.5h) is stood after adjusting the supernatant pH to 6.5-7.6, then at revolving speed 4000-
15min is centrifuged under the conditions of 6000rpm (preferably 5000rpm), collection obtains two-stage precipitation object；Merge level-one sediment, second level
Sediment, crushed after being dried obtain the first feather powder raw material；
And S60, by vacuum freeze-drying method to enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate be dried, crushing obtain the second feather meal original
Material merges the first feather powder raw material, the second feather powder raw material, to obtain the feather meal.
By feather meal impurity elimination, crushing plus clean water it is quenched uniformly after, after high temperature and pressure boiling, it is former that boiling feather meal is made
Material；Clean water is added in boiling feather meal to size mixing, feather slurry is made；It is adjusted after pH is 8.5 again and feather slurry weight is added
1.5% keratinase digests 5h at 50 DEG C, and feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is made；Feather meal is digested after slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation, plumage is made
Hair powder enzymolysis liquid and feather meal Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis wet basis；It recycles evaporation equipment that feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis thin liquid is concentrated and feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis is made
Concentrate；Vacuum freeze drying is carried out to feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate, to obtain feather meal as a comparison case, by its with
The feather meal that the embodiment of the present invention four prepares carries out relevant parameter detection, and testing result is as shown in table 2.
The feather meal parameter detecting result that 2 comparative example of table and example IV prepare
From Table 2, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention four prepares in feather meal, crude protein content relative contrast's example
Have significant decrease (about reducing by 12.8%), but oligopeptides and the opposite raising about 75% of total amino acid total content, the reason is that of the invention
In preparation method, by crushing after first extruding, then the mode of boiling carries out pre-treatment to feather powder raw material, minimum to obtain partial size
Feather meal digest raw material, can be come into full contact in subsequent enzymolysis process with enzyme system, pass through various protease, enzymatic hydrolysis
The matched combined of condition, so that the protein in feather is easier the oligopeptides assimilated and amino acid by being fully hydrolyzed, by
This further promotes the growth of horse ridge goose.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of cultural method of horse ridge goose comprising following steps:
S100, the place for selecting traffic convenience, topography flat are farming site, and in farming site plantation draft and/or
Xylophyta so that horse ridge goose eats, inhabites, and in farming site excavates pond, and the planting aquatic plants in pond；Its
Described in water plant planting area be pond water surface area 60-70% (preferably 65%)；
S200, construction goose house, and be arranged at liftoff 30-50cm (preferably 40cm) for the movable net of horse ridge goose in goose house
Bed；And horse ridge goose, for the first time into before goose house, 1% Eusol of sprinkling carries out disinfection to space in goose house；
During S300,1-5 age in days goose cultivate, 28-30 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-70% in goose house are adjusted；6-20
During age in days goose cultivates, 25-28 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-68% in goose house are adjusted；During 21-40 age in days goose cultivates,
Adjust 24-27 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 63-65% in goose house；21-25 DEG C of 41-60 age in days temperature, relative humidity 61-
63%；Wherein, the goose in 20 ages in days feeds gosling feed 5-6 times daily, and feed scale of feeding is 5-10g/ every time；Further
, 1% Eusol of sprinkling carries out disinfection to space in goose house within every 7-10 days；And every 3-5 days with 5% new fresh lime to net
Bed, goose water appliance and goose ware carry out disinfection；
Since 21 ages in days, start to drive goose between 6 points to 7 points of every morning and be lauched, making it, activity 2-3 is small in water
When, then goose house is come back, rear feeding is fed claim 1-4 described in any item horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 times in goose house,
Each feed scale of feeding is 300-400g/；Goose is driven again after 45-90min and is lauched, so recycle, until at night 6 points extremely
Goose is come back into goose house again between 7 points；After goose enters goose house at night, described in 3-4 hours feeding claim any one of 1-4
Horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 time；
Wherein, to prevent disease, it is also necessary to carry out immune programme to horse ridge goose kind goose, process is as shown in table 3；
3 horse ridge goose kind goose immune programme of table
Meanwhile light filling being carried out in goose house daily, and light filling intensity is 18-22lx (preferably 21lx), lighting time is
3-5h (preferably 4h)；
And S400, horse ridge goose gander are delivered for sale when growing to 60 age in days, kind goose is then raised to 130 days or more, for laying eggs.
The application set control group and test group two processing, 4 repetitions of each processing, wherein control group with free water,
It is freely eaten and+30% laying duck particulate material of 70% paddy is fed the method combined and raised, test group is real using the present invention
The method applied in example five is cultivated.Select age in days, 8 column of health horse ridge female goose similar in rearing conditions totally 2052 to press column random
It is assigned in two processing, the difference of weight and egg production before testing between every column is examined through F, is not significant.Each group is public
Female ratio is 1:5.Experimental period is 1 year.Test result is shown in Table 4.
4 horse ridge goose weight of table and egg production
4 test result of table shows that the general level of the health of kind of goose can be improved in test group, and it is every average to enter house kind goose annual egg
Increase by 6.41 pieces, improves 21.2%；Hatching of breeding eggs rate improves 2.8%；It is average than control group to enter the strong seedling test group of house kind goose annual output
Every increases by 5.2, improves 25.7%；Kind goose morbidity death and culling rate test group is than control group decline 51.2%.Average every kind goose
Annual value of production be increased to 402 yuan by original 300 yuan or so, kind goose economic benefit improves 34%.
Further, the present invention sets totally four processing of control group and test group 1, test group 2, test group 3, each processing three
A repetition, wherein control group feeds the method combined with free water, free choice feeding and+30% laying duck particulate material of 70% paddy
It is raised, test group is cultivated using the method in the embodiment of the present invention five.Select health similar in age in days, rearing conditions
2 age horse ridge female goose, 12 column totally 2454 by column be assigned randomly to four processing in, between every column test before weight and lay eggs
The difference of amount is examined, and is not significant.Each group male and female ratio is 1:5.Experimental period is 120 days.Test result is shown in Table 5-6.
5 kinds of egg laying performance of goose of table
6 fertility rate of hatching egg of table and hatching rate
It can be seen that the breeding feed in the present invention because rich in protein abundant and metabolic energy from the data of table 5-6, because
This horse ridge goose kind goose can significantly improve egg laying performance during laying eggs, while increase fertility rate of hatching egg and hatching rate, further
, addition zinc oxide can force horse ridge goose to moult, and moult number of days averagely shortens about 9d, and uses light filling measure appropriate,
So that the day egg production of laying period averagely improves 26.7%, 120d mean mean of laying eggs of laying eggs and averagely improves 26%, average egg weight
Averagely increase by 7.1%, further such that every kind goose annual egg is increased to 40 pieces by original 30 pieces or so, improves 35%；
Every female goose produces qualified goose seedling and is increased to 26 by original 20, improves 25% or more；Further, since feed of the invention is pre-
It is added to arginine in mixing, therefore, immunity of organism water can be improved by improving the oxidation resistance of serum and liver
Flat and horse ridge goose Reproductive Performance, makes fertility rate of hatching egg averagely improve 11%.
By health and the close 1 age in days horse ridge goose of weight is randomly divided into 4 groups, every group of 5 repetitions, each repetition 50
Goose is combined wherein one group is control group with free water, free choice feeding and the nursing of+30% laying duck particulate material of 70% paddy
Method is raised；Remaining 3 groups are test group (i.e. test group 1-3), and the method being all made of in the embodiment of the present invention five is supported
It grows.
It weighing respectively in 10 ages in days, 40 ages in days, 60 age in days, fasting 4h, calculates separately every goose weight before weighing,
Calculate the average weight gain of goose in each repetition.When from on-test, the quantity of daily feeding capacity and goose is recorded, is calculated each heavy
The average feed intake of multiple every goose, and each duplicate average material weight is calculated by each duplicate total feed consumption amount and total augment weight
Than (as shown in table 7).
7 horse ridge goose growth performance of table
As can be seen from Table 7, test group 1-3 is equal in 10-40 age in days, 41-60 age in days, the weight gain in 10-60 age in days stage
Noticeably greater than control group, feedstuff-meat ratio are substantially less than control group.It can be seen that the feed and cultural method in the present invention can significantly promote
The crude protein content, which is because, in feed of the present invention is grown in 10-60 age in days, especially 10-40 age in days into horse ridge goose
Height, while probiotics, Cr-enriched yeast, oligofructose, premix can promote digestion and absorption of the horse ridge goose for feed, effectively prevent
The generation of disease of digestive tract, meanwhile, the fowl rich in B group vitamin and vitamin E can promote point of goose gastric juice with compound vitamin
The amount of secreting, acidity and eupepsy increase, and thus reinforce WeiDongLi Capsule function, accelerate Emptying Rate, and feed digestion is thus promoted to absorb, improve
Feed conversion rate.
Further, it when 40 ages in days and 60 age in days, is chosen at random from each repetition of control group and test group 1-3
A healthy goose is selected to carry out butchering experiment, net thorax is heavy entirely, partly thorax is heavy only, skin and sebum are thick, abdominal fat thickness, liver is heavy, chest muscle is heavy for title,
Leg flesh weight and liver weight.Its Slaughter is as shown in table 8-1,8-2,8-3.
Wherein, dressing percentage=slaughter traits/live-weight * 100%；Abdominal fat=abdominal fat weight/live-weight * 100%；Chest muscle rate=chest muscle
Weight/complete net thorax weight * 100%；The leg flesh rate=net muscle weight of thigh and calf/complete net thorax weight * 100%；Sebum rate=skin and subcutaneous fat
Weight/complete net thorax weight * 100%；Lean meat percentage=(chest muscle weight+leg flesh weight)/complete net thorax weight * 100%.
Table 8-1 test group and control group part Slaughter (unit, %)
Note: significant (P < 0.05) with lowercase letter indication differences different after column data, following table is same.
Table 8-2 test group and control group part Slaughter
Table 8-3 test group and control group liver weight, liver account for the ratio of carcass weight again
It can be seen that from upper table, when 40 ages in days and 60 age in days, test group 1-3 is in dressing percentage, half net thorax rate, complete net thorax rate
On be significantly better than control group, illustrate that feed and cultural method in the present invention can bring more economic benefits, meanwhile, test
Three important meat economic characters of group: also have for chest muscle rate, leg flesh rate and lean meat percentage relative comparison group and significantly mention
It rises, meat goose quality can be improved with this.Further, due in feed of the invention crude protein content it is higher, and containing prebiotic
The component that the promotions such as bacterium are absorbed, digested, and the timing that drags by the ear simultaneously in cultivation forces horse ridge goose to enter pond progress
Activity is able to satisfy its meat more strong so that the abdominal fat of test group, sebum rate, liver rouge rate relative comparison group are remarkably decreased
The theory of health diet；Meanwhile 40 ages in days and when 60 age in days, it is opposite that the liver weight of test group 1-3 accounts for the ratio of carcass weight with liver again
It increased for control group, in the prior art, in the listing of 60 ages in days and the horse ridge goose without fattening, be averaged liver weight 480-
560g, foie gras account for the 9-14% of carcass weight, in contrast to this, the ratio of the liver weight, liver weight and slaughter traits of horse ridge goose in the present invention
Substantially also within the above range, that is, feed and cultural method of the invention can be protected substantially while reducing meat fat content
The weight of liver is held, the economic value created by foie gras can be kept completely.
In conclusion by reasonable raw material proportioning in the present invention, crude protein abundant, vitamin B, dimension life are made it have
The beneficiating ingredients such as plain E and probiotics can fully ensure that the nutrition of horse ridge goose fast-growth needs under the premise of reducing feedstuff-meat ratio
It asks, improves kind of a goose reproductive performance, and save economic cost, increase economic efficiency, meanwhile, drag by the ear timing in cultivation
It forces horse ridge goose to enter pond carry out activity, promotes its sufficient movement, thus reduce meat fat content, and guarantee foie gras weight
Amount, makes its meat more be able to satisfy the theory of healthy diet, and more economic valences thus can be created while improving meat quality
Value.
It should be noted that the technical characteristic in above-described embodiment one to five can carry out any combination, the skill being composed
Art scheme belongs to the protection scope of the application.Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for this field
For those of ordinary skill, it is possible to understand that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can to these embodiments into
The a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification of row, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of horse ridge goose special feed, which is characterized in that by weight, comprising: 2-3 parts of feather meal, 5-10 parts of rapeseed dregs,
10-20 parts of corn, 3-5 parts of chitosan, fermentation grass meal 5-10 parts, 10-15 parts of rice, 1-1.2 parts of soybean oil, 5-8 parts of dregs of beans, fly
3-5 parts of maggot powder, 1-1.2 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of premix, 1-2 parts of mountain flour, 0.1-0.2 parts of salt, probiotics 0.2-0.5
Part, 0.3-0.5 parts of Cr-enriched yeast, 5-10 parts of oligofructose, 0.5-1 parts of zinc oxide.
2. feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by weight, the premix include: 1-2 parts of arginine,
1-2 parts of lysine, 1.5-2 parts of methionine, 1-1.5 parts of threonine, 1-2 parts of composite polymineral of fowl, fowl compound vitamin 0.3-0.5
Part, 0.1-0.2 parts of phytase, 0.2-0.3 parts of antioxidant, 1-1.2 parts of choline chloride, 2-3 parts of mould inhibitor.
3. feed as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that by weight, fowl compound vitamin includes: vitamin
0.2-0.5 parts of B12,1-2 parts of vitamin B1,3-5 parts of vitamin B2,3-5 parts of vitamin B6,2-3 parts of vitamine D3, dimension
Raw 10-15 parts of element E, 10-15 parts of niacin, 3-5 parts of vitamin A, 1-1.5 parts of Vitamin K3,2-3 parts of biotin, folic acid 0.5-
1 part, 5-10 parts of pantothenic acid.
4. feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the probiotics includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, in EM bacterium
It is one or more.
5. a kind of preparation method of the horse ridge goose special feed as described in claim any one of 1-4 comprising following steps:
S1, prepare each raw material according to the component proportion in claim 1；
S2, corn, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, rice are crushed, and crosses 2.0mm sieve；
And S3, feather meal, chitosan, fermentation that parts by weight described in the raw material obtained and claim 1 will be crushed through step S2
Grass meal, mountain flour, soybean oil, fly maggot powder, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, premix, salt, probiotics, Cr-enriched yeast, oligofructose are sufficiently mixed
It closes.Mixed material is transported to granulator again, is pelletized by 80-90 DEG C of modulation, the pellet that production diameter is 4-5mm,
Finally obtain the horse ridge goose breeding feed.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the preparation process of the feather meal includes:
Impurity in S10, cleaning feather, is then placed in bulking machine and carries out extruding, and swelling temperature is 200-250 DEG C；Through extruding
Feather afterwards crushes, and obtains the feather meal that granularity is 30-50 mesh；
S20, the water that 1-2 times of its weight is added in feather meal carry out boiling, and boiling temperature is 100-150 DEG C, cooking pressure is
200-300KPa, digestion time 1-2h to obtain feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material, then digest feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material
Processing；
The enzymolysis processing process includes:
Primary enzymolysis: the keratinase of its weight 1-1.5% is added in feather meal enzymatic hydrolysis raw material, adjusts pH to 7.0-
9.0 and adjust the temperature to 45-55 DEG C, be sufficiently stirred, react be separated by solid-liquid separation after 2-3h the first enzymolysis liquid for obtaining liquid and
First residue；
Secondary enzymolysis: being added the pepsin of its weight 1-2% in first residue, adjusts pH to 1.5-2.5 and tune
Temperature is saved to 35-40 DEG C, is sufficiently stirred, separation of solid and liquid obtains the second enzymolysis liquid and the second residue of liquid after reacting 1-2h；
It digests three times: the trypsase of its weight 1-2% being added in second residue, adjust pH to 7.0-9.0 and tune
Temperature is saved to 35-45 DEG C, is sufficiently stirred, separation of solid and liquid obtains the third enzymolysis liquid and third residue of liquid after reacting 1-2h；
S30, after the completion of digesting, merge the first enzymolysis liquid, the second enzymolysis liquid and third enzymolysis liquid, obtain and merge enzymolysis liquid,
Active carbon is added by the 3% of its weight in merging enzymolysis liquid, stirs evenly, is centrifuged after keeping the temperature 30min at 55 DEG C, goes to sink
Slag, to obtain enzymatic hydrolysis clear liquid；Enzymatic hydrolysis clear liquid is concentrated under the conditions of 35-40 DEG C by rolling high pressure reverse osmosis membrane again, is obtained
To enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate；
S40, the first residue of merging, the second residue and third residue are added in the merging residue with obtaining merging residue
The water of 1-2 times of its weight stands 2-3h after adjusting pH to 6.5-7.6, is centrifuged under the conditions of revolving speed 4000-6000rpm
15min, collection obtain level-one sediment and supernatant；
S50,1-2h is stood after adjusting the supernatant pH to 6.5-7.6, is centrifuged under the conditions of revolving speed 4000-6000rpm
15min, collection obtain two-stage precipitation object；Merge level-one sediment, two-stage precipitation object, crushed after being dried obtains the first feather meal original
Material；
And S60, by vacuum freeze-drying method to enzymatic hydrolysis concentrate be dried, crushing obtain the second feather powder raw material,
Merge the first feather powder raw material, the second feather powder raw material, to obtain the feather meal.
7. a kind of cultural method of horse ridge goose, which comprises the steps of:
S100, the place for selecting traffic convenience, topography flat are farming site, and plantation draft and/or woody in farming site
Plant so that horse ridge goose eats, inhabites, and in farming site excavates pond, and the planting aquatic plants in pond；
S200, construction goose house, and be arranged at liftoff 30-50cm for the movable net bed of horse ridge goose in goose house；And horse ridge goose is for the first time
Into before goose house, 1% Eusol of sprinkling carries out disinfection to space in goose house；
During S300,1-5 age in days goose cultivate, 28-30 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-70% in goose house are adjusted；6-20 age in days
During goose cultivates, 25-28 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 65-68% in goose house are adjusted；During 21-40 age in days goose cultivates, adjust
24-27 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 63-65% in goose house；21-25 DEG C of 41-60 age in days temperature, relative humidity 61-63%；Its
In, the goose in 20 ages in days feeds gosling feed 5-6 times daily, and feed scale of feeding is 5-10g/ every time；
Since 21 ages in days, start to drive goose between 6 points to 7 points of every morning and be lauched, makes its activity 2-3 hour in water,
Goose house is come back again, latter feeding feeding claim 1-4 described in any item horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 times in goose house, often
Secondary feed scale of feeding is 300-400g/；Goose is driven again after 45-90min and is lauched, is so recycled, until 6 points to seven at night
Goose is come back into goose house again between point；It is described in any item every 3-4 hours feeding claim 1-4 after goose enters goose house at night
Horse ridge goose breeding feed 1 time；
And S400, horse ridge goose gander are delivered for sale when growing to 60 age in days.
8. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in step S300,1% bleaching powder of sprinkling is molten within every 7-10 days
Liquid carries out disinfection to space in goose house；And every 3-5 days with 5% new fresh lime to net bed, goose water appliance and goose diet device
Tool carries out disinfection.
9. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that further include exempting to horse ridge goose kind goose in step S300
Epidemic disease program, process include:
1) gosling plague high-immunity egg yellow liquor is injected to the kind goose of 1-2 age in days and ND IV system Attenuate vaccine, gosling plague high-immunity egg yellow liquor connects
Kind dosage is 1.0mL/ plumage, and ND IV system Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation is 2 part/plumages；
2) AI H5 (Re-5) killed oil-emulsified vaccine is injected to the kind goose of 3-5 age in days, dosage of inoculation is 0.5mL/ plumage；
3) gosling plague high-immunity egg yellow liquor is injected to the kind goose of 6-12 age in days, dosage of inoculation is 1.5mL/ plumage；
4) ND+AI H9 bigeminy killed oil-emulsified vaccine and AI H5 (Re-5) killed oil-emulsified vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 13-21 age in days, connects
Kind dosage is 1.0mL/ plumage；
5) hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated and duck plague Attenuate vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 22-28 age in days, hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-is big
Enterobacteria Propolis Inactivated dosage of inoculation is 1.0mL/ plumage, and duck plague Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation is 20 part/plumages；
6) ND+AI H9 bigeminy oil emulsion inactivated vaccine and AI H5 (Re-5) killed oil-emulsified vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 29-70 age in days, connects
Kind dosage is 1.0mL/ plumage；
7) hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-Escherichia coli Propolis Inactivated and duck plague Attenuate vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 71-120 age in days, hemorrhagic septicemia of fowl-is big
Enterobacteria Propolis Inactivated dosage of inoculation is 1.0mL/ plumage, and duck plague Attenuate vaccine dosage of inoculation is 20 part/plumages；
ND+AI H9 bigeminy oil emulsion inactivated vaccine and AI H5 (Re-5) killed oil-emulsified vaccine are injected to the kind goose of 121-130 age in days, connect
Kind dosage is 0.8mL/ plumage.
10. cultural method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in step S300, light filling is carried out in goose house daily,
And light filling intensity is 18-22lx, lighting time 3-5h.
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Application publication date: 20190823 |