CN110128191A - The Soil improvement matrix and ecological recovery method on a kind of discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump - Google Patents
The Soil improvement matrix and ecological recovery method on a kind of discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN110128191A CN110128191A CN201910284558.XA CN201910284558A CN110128191A CN 110128191 A CN110128191 A CN 110128191A CN 201910284558 A CN201910284558 A CN 201910284558A CN 110128191 A CN110128191 A CN 110128191A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
It include the Soil improvement matrix A being configured to lime and plant ash the invention discloses a kind of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump and ecological recovery method, the matrix；The Soil improvement matrix B being mixedly configured into lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent, livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk, water-retaining agent microbial bacterial agent, the present invention applies the ecological recovery on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump using Soil improvement matrix, earthing is not needed in refuse dump, it only need to be by Soil improvement matrix spreading on refuse dump waste material surface, soil texture can be improved, the soil after improvement can directly plant vegetation.The ecological recovery method can substantially reduce the cost of ecological management, and Soil improvement matrix can neutralize soil acidity, firm heavy metal, the organic nutrition element for increasing soil, the retain water and nutrients ability for improving soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil remediation technology fields, the in particular to a kind of life on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump
State restore in Soil improvement matrix and its ecological recovery method, be applied to heavy metal refuse dump mine, as copper mine, troilite,
The mines such as Pb-Zn deposits, are especially suitable in copper mine.
Background technique
The discarded earth and stone material generated in the strip mining transformation of heavy metal mine is stacked in refuse dump, the dead meal and general soil
The difference of earth is that acidity is strong, acid forming potential is big, content of beary metal is high, soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping effect is poor, discards earth and stone material in addition
It is normally at rock mass deep, nutrient deficiency.Heavy metal Mine production ecological environment is extreme, and plant is difficult to grow, in mine
Many decades are stored still without any plant growth, refuse dump periphery severe water and soil erosion, to the periphery ecological environment in mine in mountain
Serious influence is brought, will lead to farmland acidification and heavy metal pollution.In response to this, ecology of the mine to refuse dump
Improvement seems especially urgent, is mainly overcome by following difficult point needs:
(1) strong acid environment
Sulfur content in casting material is higher, by easily forming the exudation of strong acid waste water in conjunction with the oxygen in air after leaching by precipitation,
Pollute surrounding enviroment.Lower pH dissolves out solubility salt in roach stone simultaneously, and pH value is too low will to inhibit plant respiration
Absorption with root system to moisture and nutrient, soil acidification also result in soil hardening, cause a large amount of needed for plant growth
Element and other microelement wretched insufficiencies, pole is unfavorable for the growth of plant and the stability of the ecosystem, therefore, if not in time
It adopts an effective measure, it is easy to which there is a phenomenon where acidification and vegetation degenerations.Acidification problem is properly handled, prevents it from continuing acid
Change, is the key that restore these regional environments, set up one and stablize the effective ecosystem.
(2) content of beary metal is high
Contain the heavy metal elements such as a large amount of copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, the presence and plant of these elements in the discarded earth and stone material of refuse dump
The relationship of object growth is very big.In the presence of these metallic elements are micro, the nutriment that can be used as in soil promotes plant growth,
But in the presence of these element excess are common, due to the synergistic effect of toxicity, plant growth is endangered bigger.
(3) stone contents are high
The discarded earth and stone material medium stone content of refuse dump is high, and the high soil surface temperature raising of barren rock content is exceedingly fast when high temperature, easily
Plant is caused to burn, is unfavorable for growing；Soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping effect is poor, and summer high temperature water shortage easily causes Plant death, no
Conducive to the growth of root system of plant.
(4) soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation effect are poor
Plant to various nutrient absorptions pass through can the soil of retain water and nutrients supply, refuse dump side slope mainly with sand, stone is
Main, site type group needed for plant growth is few, plant growth land occupation condition is not able to maintain in partial block bare rock, and lack
Few necessary nutrient of plant growth.Thus it is guaranteed that it is sufficient can retain water and nutrients soil be ecological management important prerequisite item
Part.
(5) soil nutrient elements lack
Soil depletion, there is a serious shortage of be the big obstacle that plant settles down growth, soil to the basic nutritions such as N, P, K, organic matter element
Earth nutritional ingredient necessarily will affect the colonization growth of plant, make concerning plant seed germination, upgrowth situation, nutrient deficiency is arrived
It is difficult to survive or occur the various illnesss of nutritional deficiency at plant, and gradually degenerates.
According to several difficult points of above-mentioned refuse dump ecological recovery, effective method not yet domestic at present is promoted on a large scale is answered
With, many technologies also rest on the experimental stage of scientific research, using it is more or in refuse dump discarded ground 50 ~ 80cm of earthing it is laggard
The plantation of row vegetation, the technology are improved the soil texture of refuse dump itself, and the plant of plantation is easy to degenerate, and are difficult reality
Now administer local ecosystem natural deduction, in addition earthing will cause the secondary destruction of environment, in the long run on see be can not
The method taken.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecology on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump is extensive
Multiple Soil improvement matrix and ecological recovery method, this method, only need to be by soil improvement bases by not needing earthing in refuse dump
Matter spreading can improve soil texture on refuse dump waste material surface, and the soil after improvement can directly plant vegetation.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix and ecological recovery method, feature on a kind of discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump exist
In: including the Soil improvement matrix A being configured to lime and plant ash for improveing soil acidity situation；For improveing a huge sum of money
Category, nutrient, water retention and soil texture lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent, livestock or poultry manure,
The Soil improvement matrix B that sludge, rice husk, water-retaining agent microbial bacterial agent are mixedly configured into.
Further, lime and plant ash are configured by 9:1 mass ratio in the Soil improvement matrix A, to guarantee to mix
The shatter value of material.
Further, lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent example 2:4:1 in mass ratio in the Soil improvement matrix B
It is configured.
Further, in the Soil improvement matrix B livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk example 2:2:1 in mass ratio into
Row configuration.
The present invention also provides a kind of following technical solutions:
A kind of ecological recovery method on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump: specifically includes the following steps:
A, soil sample
(1) soil acidity situation is detected, PH test is carried out.
(2) content of beary metal is detected, the test of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and other elements content is carried out.
B, soil acidity improved materials are configured
Select lime, plant ash as soil acidity improved materials, lime and plant ash mass ratio are 9:1, and two kinds of materials are equal
For alkaline structure, will not chemically react, the two is used cooperatively in 9:1 ratio, it is ensured that the shatter value of mixture, individually
It is easy using lime hardened.Soil acidity improved materials dosage is as follows under different acidic conditions:
| PH | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 |
| Soil acidity improved materials (Kg/m2) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
C, heavy metal-polluted soil improved materials are configured
Select lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent as heavy metal improved materials, Ca contained by lime, calcium magnesium phosphate2+、
Mg2+There is antagonism to heavy metal ion, the absorption site on competitive plant root system is participated in, to inhibit plant to heavy metal
Absorption, heavy metal-polluted soil is fixed in heavy metal complexing agent, reduces the loss of heavy metal element, lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, again
Metal chelating agent example 2:4:1 in mass ratio is configured.Lime, calcium magnesium phosphate guarantee plant not by impact of heavy metals, heavy metal
Complexing agent guarantees that heavy metal is in stable state, not easily runs off pollution periphery ecological environment.Different heavy metal Soil Under Conditions change
Good material utilization amount is as follows:
| Total metals (ppm) | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 |
| Heavy metal-polluted soil improves material (Kg/m2) | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 |
D, nutrient improved materials are configured
Select livestock or poultry manure+sludge+rice husk as soil nutrient elements improved materials, livestock or poultry manure+sludge
The organic matters such as big N, P, K are provided, rice husk is lignocellulose improved materials, can provide organic nutrient, can also keep mixed
The laxity of the improved materials of conjunction, be conducive to plant absorption, livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk example 2:2:1 in mass ratio into
Row configuration, heavy metal Mine production nutrient be substantially all be close to zero or content it is very low, can be ignored,
Nutrient improved materials uniformly press 8kg/m2It is configured.
E, soil water-retaining material is configured
Select water-retaining agent as soil water-retaining material, refuse dump casting material structure is more similar, unified to press 8g/m2Matched
It sets.
F, soil structure improved addictive material is configured
Select microbial bacterial agent as soil structure improved addictive material, refuse dump casting material structure is more similar, unified to press 5g/m2
It is configured.
G, the method for administration of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix: lime and plant ash example in mass ratio are configured as 10:1
Soil improvement matrix A;Other materials lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent, livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk, guarantor
Aqua microbial bacterial agent is Soil improvement matrix B by the material of the ratio uniform mixed configuration of step C, D, E, F, in soil improvement
In, Soil improvement matrix A is first used, soil acidity situation is improved, reuses Soil improvement matrix B, improvement heavy metal, nutrition member
Element, water retention and soil texture.
The utility model has the advantages that this strong acid heavy metal refuse dump is discarded the ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on ground and is changed using the matrix
The method of good soil can substantially reduce the cost of ecological management, by Soil improvement matrix and soil acidity, firm heavy metal,
Increase the organic nutrition element of soil, improve the retain water and nutrients ability of soil；Ecological recovery can be improved in the Soil improvement matrix
Construction efficiency, implementation result is good, quick, at low cost, strong operability.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Present case is the restoration of the ecosystem of Ores At Chengmenshan Copper Mine refuse dump, and PH is about 3.0 or so, and total metals are about 2000ppm, this case
Soil improvement matrix A dosage is 5Kg/m in example2, wherein lime 4.5kg, plant ash 0.5kg；Soil improvement matrix B in present case
Dosage is about 10Kg/m2, wherein lime 0.571kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 1.443kg, heavy metal complexing agent 0.286kg, livestock or family
Poultry manure 3.2kg, sludge 3.2kg, rice husk 1.6kg, water-retaining agent 8g, microbial bacterial agent 5g.First spreading this case Soil improvement matrix
A, spreading is uniform, stops 48 hours or so after spreading is complete, allows soil acidity tentatively to be improved, repave and spread Soil improvement matrix B,
Spreading is uniform, spreading it is complete after stop 48 hours or so, allow soil overall structure performance obtain tentatively improve can planting plants, this
Case has currently reached good effect.
Embodiment 2
Present case is the restoration of the ecosystem of YONGPING COPPER DEPOSIT refuse dump, and PH is about 5.0 or so, and total metals are about 1500ppm, present case
Middle Soil improvement matrix A dosage is 3Kg/m2, wherein lime 2.7kg, plant ash 0.3kg；Soil improvement matrix B is used in present case
Amount is about 9.5Kg/m2, wherein lime 0.429kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 0.857kg, heavy metal complexing agent 0.214kg, livestock or poultry
Excrement 3.2kg, sludge 3.2kg, rice husk 1.6kg, water-retaining agent 8g, microbial bacterial agent 5g.First spreading this case Soil improvement matrix A,
Spreading is uniform, stops 48 hours or so after spreading is complete, allows soil acidity tentatively to be improved, repave and spread Soil improvement matrix B, spreads
Sprinkle it is even, spreading it is complete after stop 48 hours or so, allow soil overall structure performance obtain tentatively improve can planting plants, this case
Example has currently reached good effect.
Embodiment 3
Present case is the restoration of the ecosystem of Dexing copper mine refuse dump, and PH is about 2.0 or so, and total metals are about 3000ppm, present case
Middle Soil improvement matrix A dosage is 6Kg/m2, wherein lime 5.4kg, plant ash 0.6kg；Soil improvement matrix B is used in present case
Amount is about 11Kg/m2, wherein lime 0.857kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 1.75kg, heavy metal complexing agent 0.429kg, livestock or poultry-dung
Just 3.2kg, sludge 3.2kg, rice husk 1.6kg, water-retaining agent 8g, microbial bacterial agent 5g.First spreading this case Soil improvement matrix A, paving
Sprinkle it is even, spreading it is complete after stop 48 hours or so, allow soil acidity tentatively to be improved, repave and spread Soil improvement matrix B, spreading
Uniformly, spreading it is complete after stop 48 hours or so, allow soil overall structure performance obtain tentatively improve can planting plants, present case
Have currently reached good effect.
Embodiment 4
Present case is the restoration of the ecosystem of wushan Copper Deposit refuse dump, and PH is about 3.0 or so, and total metals are about 2500ppm, present case
Middle Soil improvement matrix A dosage is 5Kg/m2, wherein lime 4.5kg, plant ash 0.5kg；Soil improvement matrix B is used in present case
Amount is about 10.5Kg/m2, wherein lime 0.714kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 1.429kg, heavy metal complexing agent 0.357kg, livestock or family
Poultry manure 3.2kg, sludge 3.2kg, rice husk 1.6kg, water-retaining agent 8g, microbial bacterial agent 5g.First spreading this case Soil improvement matrix
A, spreading is uniform, stops 48 hours or so after spreading is complete, allows soil acidity tentatively to be improved, repave and spread Soil improvement matrix B,
Spreading is uniform, spreading it is complete after stop 48 hours or so, allow soil overall structure performance obtain tentatively improve can planting plants, this
Case has had been carried out six months, basically reaches the effect all covered.
The above case study on implementation only expresses the case where applying in engineering for technical solution of the present invention, describes more specific
With it is detailed, but can not understand that specific implementation of the invention is confined to these, for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Several equivalent substitute or obvious modifications are made under the premise of not departing from this patent novel design, and performance or use is identical,
It then shall be regarded as belonging to the range of the invention patent protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump, it is characterised in that: including for changing
The Soil improvement matrix A of good soil acidity situation being configured to lime and plant ash；For improve heavy metal, nutrient,
Water retention and soil texture lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent, livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk, guarantor
The Soil improvement matrix B that aqua microbial bacterial agent is mixedly configured into.
2. a kind of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: lime and plant ash are configured by 9:1 mass ratio in the Soil improvement matrix A.
3. a kind of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent example 2:4:1 in mass ratio are matched in the Soil improvement matrix B
It sets.
4. a kind of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix on the discarded ground in strong acid heavy metal refuse dump according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk example 2:2:1 in mass ratio are configured in the Soil improvement matrix B.
5. using a kind of strong acid heavy metal of ecological recovery Soil improvement matrix described in 4 any claim of Claims 1-4
The ecological recovery method on the discarded ground in refuse dump, which is characterized in that specifically includes the following steps:
A, soil sample
(1) soil acidity situation is detected, PH test is carried out；
(2) content of beary metal is detected, the test of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and other elements content is carried out；
B, soil acidity improved materials are configured
Select lime, plant ash as soil acidity improved materials, lime and plant ash mass ratio are 9:1, different acidity items
Soil acidity improved materials dosage is as follows under part:
C, heavy metal-polluted soil improved materials are configured
Select lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent as heavy metal improved materials, lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing
Agent example 2:4:1 in mass ratio is configured, and different heavy metal Soil Under Conditions heavy metal improved materials dosages are as follows:
D, nutrient improved materials are configured
Select livestock or poultry manure+sludge+rice husk as soil nutrient elements improved materials, livestock or poultry manure, sludge,
Rice husk example 2:2:1 in mass ratio is configured, and soil nutrient elements improved materials uniformly press 8kg/m2It is configured；
E, soil water-retaining material is configured
Select water-retaining agent as soil water-retaining material, it is unified to press 8g/m2It is configured；
F, soil structure improved addictive material is configured
Select microbial bacterial agent as soil structure improved addictive material, it is unified to press 5g/m2It is configured；
G, the method for administration of Soil improvement matrix: lime and plant ash example in mass ratio configure for 10:1 and form soil improvement base
Matter A；Other materials lime, calcium magnesium phosphate, heavy metal complexing agent, livestock or poultry manure, sludge, rice husk, water-retaining agent microorganism
Microbial inoculum is that Soil improvement matrix B is first used in soil improvement by the material of the ratio uniform mixed configuration of step C, D, E, F
Soil improvement matrix A improves soil acidity situation, reuses Soil improvement matrix B, and improvement heavy metal, nutrient, soil are protected
Aqueous and soil texture.
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| CN110860554A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-06 | 广东桃林生态环境有限公司 | Improvement method for extremely acidified mine soil |
| CN111593745A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-28 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Improved matrix for ecological restoration of metal mine acidic waste rock yard and ecological restoration method thereof |
| CN111699776A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-25 | 南京中泰平祥化工科技有限公司 | Construction method for recovering vegetation by improving acid heavy metal mine in-situ matrix |
| CN112974492A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Strongly acidic high-heavy-metal-content mining wasteland combined ecological restoration method |
| CN113305145A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-27 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Reclamation soil reconstruction method for heap-leaching field and application |
| CN113649409A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-16 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for acid mine tailing pond/waste dump |
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