CN110117762A - Prepare method, the sheet metal, thermocouple, electric appliance of insulating coating - Google Patents
Prepare method, the sheet metal, thermocouple, electric appliance of insulating coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110117762A CN110117762A CN201810113797.4A CN201810113797A CN110117762A CN 110117762 A CN110117762 A CN 110117762A CN 201810113797 A CN201810113797 A CN 201810113797A CN 110117762 A CN110117762 A CN 110117762A
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- Prior art keywords
- insulating coating
- spray
- substrate
- spraying
- thermocouple
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
Abstract
The invention discloses the method, the sheet metals, thermocouple, electric appliance that prepare insulating coating.This method comprises: providing substrate, the substrate is formed by metal material；Spray finishing material thermal jet is applied to the substrate surface, to form insulating coating, the porosity of the insulating coating is not higher than 4%.Thus, simple method be can use in the metallic substrate surface preparation insulating coating that porosity is lower, coating is fine and close, the structures such as subsequent circuit can be made easily to be attached to metallic substrate surface without short circuit, and insulating coating and substrate have good binding force, it has good stability, will not fall off after by high-temperature baking and cooling thermal impact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical device manufacturing fields, and in particular, to prepare the method for insulating coating, sheet metal, thermocouple,
Electric appliance.
Background technique
Plasma spray technology can be such that material obtains by preparations such as metal, alloy, ceramics and composite materials on the surface of the material
The one or more characteristic such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting, high rigidity, insulation, heat-insulated.Thermal spraying aluminium oxide is since its raw material sources is cheap, tool
Standby excellent mechanically and electrically performance, becomes and is used for one of ceramic material of thermal spraying earliest.Thermal spraying aluminium oxide applies at present
Layer is mainly used to do the fields such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, raising intensity, high pressure resistant breakdown, for example, the method that thermal spraying can be used prepares oxygen
Change the composite ceramic coat of aluminium, zirconium oxide, rare earth oxide, which has excellent wearability and bond strength.
Still have much room for improvement however, preparing the method for insulating coating, sheet metal, thermocouple, electric appliance at present.
Summary of the invention
The application is to be made based on inventor to the discovery of following facts and problem and understanding:
Due to the above-mentioned excellent properties and heat resistance of the ceramic materials such as aluminium oxide, the insulation that the materials such as aluminium oxide are formed is applied
Layer is widely used in the electronic components such as thermocouple, is used as insulating coating.However, it is found by the inventors that using at present
Above-mentioned material does the electronic component of insulating layer, such as thermocouple, there is a problem of short circuit, and then lead to the mistake of integrated circuit more
Effect.For inventor by further investigation and many experiments discovery, this is mainly due to above-mentioned electronic components (thermocouple) usually to adopt
It is substrate with metal material, by adding painting insulating coating, then forms circuit structure on insulating coating.And the insulation of inter coat
Property is poor, causes thermocouple that short circuit integrally occurs.Inventors have found that ceramic coating is mostly continuous poriferous structure, coating or
When spraying the circuit being constructed from a material that be electrically conducting, the conductive material with excellent mobility is easily penetrated into or punctures to porous pottery
In porcelain coating, cause circuit and the metal base of bottom that short circuit occurs, so that integrated circuit be made to fail.
In addition, it will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that ceramic coating can be prepared using heat spraying method.But thermal jet
The coating for applying preparation generally has some defects, as layered structure, the particles fuse of pie are incomplete, hole and micro-crack amount are more
And size is larger, so coating compactness extent that heat spraying method prepares and mechanical performance than physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PVD),
The methods of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) wants poor.Inventors have found that the coating prepared using heat spraying method, such as thermal spraying oxygen
Change aluminized coating, that there are porositys is larger, compactness extent not enough, easily there are the similar problems such as micro-crack.Therefore, it is aoxidized by thermal spraying
When aluminium makees insulating layer, conductive material can penetrate into the hole of aluminum oxide coating layer, contact circuit with metal base, and short circuit occurs.
The present invention is directed to alleviate or solve the problems, such as at least one in above-mentioned refer at least to some extent.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of methods for preparing insulating coating.This method comprises: providing
Substrate, the substrate are formed by metal material；Spray finishing material thermal jet is applied to the substrate surface, is applied to form insulation
The porosity of layer, the insulating coating is not higher than 4%.Thus, it is possible to prepare hole in metallic substrate surface using simple method
The insulating coating that gap rate is lower, coating is fine and close, can make the structures such as subsequent circuit be easily attached to metallic substrate surface and
Will not be short-circuit, and insulating coating and substrate have good binding force, have good stability, by high-temperature baking and cold and hot punching
It will not fall off after hitting.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the spray finishing material includes aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, oxidation
At least one of silicon, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide.Using above-mentioned with excellent
It is anisotropic can material prepare insulating coating, can make the coating there are the characteristics such as good insulation, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high rigidity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle size range of the spray finishing material is 15-45 μm.Thus, it is possible to obtain hole
The insulating coating that rate is lower, coating is fine and close.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the thermal spraying includes electric arc spraying, plasma spraying and supersonic flame spray
At least one of apply.Thus, it is possible to which benefit is prepared with simple method insulating coating.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the spray distance of the plasma spraying is 75-250mm.Thus, it is possible to reduce absolutely
The porosity of edge coating improves consistency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the spray distance of the supersonic flame spraying is 100-300mm.Thus, it is possible to
The porosity of insulating coating is reduced, consistency is improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating with a thickness of 100-400 μm, hardness is greater than 800HV.As a result,
Insulating coating consistency with higher, hardness, intensity and good resistance to sparking energy.
According to an embodiment of the invention, further comprising before forming the insulating coating: being carried out to the substrate pre-
Processing and preheating, wherein it is described pretreatment include to the substrate carry out blasting treatment, acid etching, anodized,
And at least one of prime coat is prepared on the substrate.The insulating coating can have good combination with substrate as a result,
Power has good stability, and will not fall off after by high-temperature baking and cooling thermal impact.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the gross mass based on the spray finishing material, the spray finishing material includes: 90~
The silica of 99wt% and the magnesia of 1~10wt%；Or the carbonization of the tungsten carbide and 1~10wt% of 90~99wt%
Silicon；Or 90~99.5wt% aluminium oxide and 0.5%~10wt% rare earth oxide.Thus, it is possible to which obtaining has absolutely
The insulating coating of edge, high intensity, high rigidity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, at least part of the insulating coating is formed by following steps: being based on institute
Spray finishing material is stated, is applied to the substrate surface using plasma spray, forms the insulating coating, the parameter of the plasma spraying
Are as follows: 25~80L/min of argon gas, 25~80L/min of helium, 8~24L/min of hydrogen, 40~70V of voltage, 460~920A of electric current,
What 25~100g/min of powder sending quantity, 75~250mm of spray distance, 20~200mm/s of spray gun movement speed, spray gun and substrate formed
90 ° ± 15 ° of angle.Thus, it is possible to reduce the porosity of the insulating coating, fine and close insulating coating is obtained.
According to an embodiment of the invention, at least part of the insulating coating is formed by following steps: being based on institute
Spray finishing material is stated, using supersonic flame spraying to the substrate surface, forms the insulating coating, the supersonic flame spray
The parameter of painting are as follows: 25~75L/min of oxygen flow, 0.4~1.2MPa of oxygen pressure, 20~50L/min of acetylene flow, acetylene pressure
0.05~0.2MPa of power, compressed air require > 300L/min, 0.4~1.0MPa of compressed air pressure, spray distance 100~
The angle of 300mm, spray gun and substrate composition is 90 ° ± 15 °.Thus, it is possible to reduce the porosity of the insulating coating, obtain fine and close
Insulating coating.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of sheet metals.According to an embodiment of the invention, the gold
Belong to the insulating coating being provided at least part of plate using the preparation of mentioned-above method.The sheet metal has as a result,
There are the whole features and advantage of the insulating coating of mentioned-above method preparation, details are not described herein.Generally speaking, the coating
With good insulation performance, which has good service performance.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of thermocouples.According to an embodiment of the invention, the thermoelectricity
Even includes metal base, has insulating coating at least part of the metal base, the insulating coating is by front institute
The method preparation stated.The thermocouple has whole features of insulating coating of mentioned-above method preparation and excellent as a result,
Point, details are not described herein.Generally speaking, thermocouple production yield with higher.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of thermocouples.According to an embodiment of the invention, the thermoelectricity
Even includes metal base, has insulating coating at least part of the metal base, the porosity of the insulating coating is not
Higher than 4%.Thermocouple production yield with higher as a result,.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating is formed by heat spraying method, the thickness of the insulating coating
Degree is 100-400 μm, and hardness is greater than 800HV.Insulating coating consistency with higher and hardness as a result, to make this
Thermocouple production yield with higher.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating is by aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, oxidation
What at least one of silicon, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide were formed.Using above-mentioned
Material with excellent properties forms insulating coating, and the coating can be made to have good insulation, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high rigidity etc.
Characteristic.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of electric appliances.According to an embodiment of the invention, the electric appliance includes
Mentioned-above thermocouple, as a result, the electric appliance have the advantages that whole features of mentioned-above thermocouple and, it is no longer superfluous herein
It states.Generally speaking, which has good thermometric performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the flow diagram of the method according to an embodiment of the invention for preparing insulating coating.
Fig. 2 shows the electron scanning micrograph of insulating coating according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Fig. 3 shows the electron scanning micrograph of insulating coating in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings.Below with reference to
The embodiment of attached drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of methods for preparing insulating coating.Under in order to make it easy to understand,
Kept man of a noblewoman is first briefly described the method according to an embodiment of the present invention for preparing insulating coating:
As previously mentioned, can first do one layer of coating on metal base when preparing circuit on metal base and be used to insulate.
And it is used to prepare the heat spraying method of coating, itself there are some defects, such as there are particles fuses for the coating of thermal spraying preparation
Not exclusively, hole and micro-crack amount are more and the problems such as size is larger, so as to cause the not fine and close enough of coating, cause the insulation of coating
Performance is poor.Even if passing through at present inventors have found that there is no the above problems in the preparation process of the coatings such as thermal spraying
The coating formed is sprayed, is also mostly porous structure, and compactness extent is poor.It uses still, but works as common insulating coating
When the conductive material having preferable mobility forms upper layer circuit, conductive material can be penetrated into the hole of coating, with metal
Substrate contact, so as to cause metal base and short circuit, makes integrated circuit fail.
According to an embodiment of the invention, inventor is by improving spray finishing material and spray parameters, strictly to control
The porosity of the coating obtained is made, and then reaches the problem of preventing insulating coating from failing.Specifically, inventors have found that when control
When the porosity of coating is not higher than 4%, the electrocondution slurry that can completely cut off most good fluidities permeates downwards, with metallic substrates
Contact.Thus, it is possible to the insulating coating that porosity is lower, coating is fine and close is prepared in metallic substrate surface using simple method,
The structures such as subsequent circuit can be made easily to be attached to metallic substrate surface without short circuit, and insulating coating and substrate have
Standby good binding force, has good stability, will not fall off after by high-temperature baking and cooling thermal impact.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, this method comprises:
S100: substrate is provided
According to an embodiment of the invention, in this step, providing substrate.According to an embodiment of the invention, the substrate be by
What metal material was formed.Concrete type about metal material is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can be according to specific
Situation is selected.For example, according to an embodiment of the invention, the substrate can be aluminium sheet or steel plate.Reality according to the present invention
Example is applied, the aluminium sheet of selection or the surface of steel plate should guarantee the cleannes of substrate surface without apparent greasy dirt, to make subsequent step
There is preferable adhesive force between the insulating coating and substrate prepared in rapid.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in order to make the insulating coating prepared in subsequent step and substrate that there is good combination
Power can carry out pre-treatment and preheating to substrate before forming insulating coating.Specifically, pretreatment may include to base
Material carries out blasting treatment, acid etching, anodized and prepares at least one of prime coat on substrate, pre- to substrate
The temperature of heat can be 80~300 DEG C.The insulating coating of subsequent preparation can have good binding force with substrate as a result, surely
It is qualitative good, it will not fall off after by high-temperature baking and cooling thermal impact.
According to an embodiment of the invention, sandblasting roughening treatment can be carried out to substrate surface using the corundum of 30~200 mesh,
And dried using ethyl alcohol cleaning, perhaps use 20% sulfuric acid porous to substrate progress acid etching or in substrate surface preplating
Nickel, or the prime coat of nickel-aluminum alloy is sprayed in advance in substrate surface, complete the pre-treatment to substrate.
S200: spray finishing material thermal jet is applied to substrate surface, to form insulating coating
According to an embodiment of the invention, in this step, spray finishing material thermal jet is applied to substrate surface, to form insulation
Coating.According to an embodiment of the invention, spray finishing material may include aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, silica, oxygen
Change at least one of zirconium, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide.Wherein, rare earth oxide includes
The one or more of yttrium oxide, lanthana, cerium oxide, neodymia, praseodymium oxide etc..Using the above-mentioned material with excellent properties come
Insulating coating is prepared, can make the coating that there are the characteristics such as good insulation, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high rigidity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned material can uniformly be mixed in certain combination and certain ratio
Conjunction forms spray finishing material, specifically, can by aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, silica, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide,
One or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride and yttrium oxide carry out being uniformly mixed to form spray finishing material.Alternatively, can also incite somebody to action
One of aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, silica, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide
Or several and rare earth oxide, it carries out being uniformly mixed to form spray finishing material.Inventors have found that rare-earth oxidation is added in spray finishing material
Object can promote the reduction of insulating coating porosity.According to an embodiment of the invention, oil-free material should be selected, guarantee material
Cleanliness, to obtain finer and close insulating coating.
Mixed proportion about above-mentioned material is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can carry out as the case may be
Design.For example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the gross mass based on spray finishing material, spray finishing material can for 90~
The silica of 99wt% and the magnesia of 1~10wt%, or be the tungsten carbide of 90~99wt% and the carbon of 1~10wt%
SiClx, or be the aluminium oxide of 90~99.5wt% and the rare earth oxide of 0.5%~10wt%.Thus, it is possible to be had
There is the insulating coating of insulation, high intensity, high rigidity.
Hybrid mode about spray finishing material is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can carry out as the case may be
Selection.For example, according to an embodiment of the invention, hybrid mode for ball mill physical agitation or can re-melt powder processed.And
And spray finishing material after mixing is subjected to drying and processing, so as to the use of subsequent step.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the particle size range of spray finishing material can be 15-45 μm.Thus, it is possible to obtain hole
The insulating coating that rate is lower, coating is fine and close.For example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, it can be by 0.1 μm~200 μm of oxygen
Change aluminium powder and 0.1 μm~100 μm of rare earth oxide is uniformly mixed, insulating coating hole can be reduced to obtain
The particle size range of rate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, thermal spraying may include electric arc spraying, plasma spraying and supersonic flame spray
At least one of apply.Thus, it is possible to which benefit is prepared with simple method insulating coating.For example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention,
Spray finishing material can be sprayed into the surface of the substrate by pre-treatment and preheating, plasma using the method for plasma spraying
The parameter of spraying are as follows: 25~80L/min of argon gas, 25~80L/min of helium, 8~24L/min of hydrogen, 40~70V of voltage, electric current
460~920A, 25~100g/min of powder sending quantity, 75~250mm of spray distance, 20~200mm/s of spray gun movement speed, spray gun and
90 ° ± 15 ° of angle of substrate composition.Thus, it is possible to which obtaining has compared with low porosity and the higher insulating coating of consistency.
Alternatively, spray finishing material can also be sprayed by pre-treatment and preheating using the method for supersonic flame spraying
Substrate surface, the parameter of supersonic flame spraying are as follows: 25~75L/min of oxygen flow, 0.4~1.2MPa of oxygen pressure,
20~50L/min of acetylene flow, 0.05~0.2MPa of acetylene pressure, compressed air require > 300L/min, compressed air pressure
The angle of 0.4~1.0MPa, 100~300mm of spray distance, spray gun and substrate composition is 90 ° ± 15 °.Thus, it is possible to be had
Have compared with low porosity and the higher insulating coating of consistency.
It should be strongly noted that spray distance refers to the distance between spray gun and substrate, spray distance is too small, will lead to
Operability is poor, and spray distance is excessive, and the porosity that will lead to insulating coating is larger.According to an embodiment of the invention, plasma
The spray distance of spraying is 75~250mm, and the spray distance of supersonic flame spraying is 100~300mm, can reduce insulation and apply
The porosity of layer.For example, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the spray distance of plasma spraying can for 85mm, 110mm,
135mm, 155mm, 170mm, 190mm, 215mm or 235mm.The spray distance of supersonic flame spraying can for 120mm,
140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, 260mm or 280mm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method repeatedly sprayed back and forth back and forth can be used in order to guarantee spraying uniformly, or
Person uses sampling device in turntable in the method for certain speed rotary rolling.Thus, it is possible to which it is uniform to have insulating coating
Property, the thickness of insulating coating can also be controlled, to improve the consistency of insulating coating.According to an embodiment of the invention, insulation applies
The thickness of layer can be 100-400 μm, and hardness is greater than 800HV.
According to an embodiment of the invention, being not higher than 4% by the porosity of the insulating coating of this method preparation.This is exhausted as a result,
Edge coating has good insulation performance.According to an embodiment of the invention, can also be applied in insulation after the completion of insulating coating preparation
The coating of layer top or spraying circuit (such as sensor, thermocouple, conductive silver wire), to make the structure obtain practical application.
According to an embodiment of the invention, having the insulating coating compared with low porosity, other coating (examples above sensor can also be enhanced
Such as Teflon, organic hydrophobic layer) binding force, increase its wearability.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, by the insulating coating of this method preparation surface and cut
The porosity in face is lower, and insulating coating is finer and close, thus, it is possible to which the structures such as subsequent circuit is made easily to be attached to metal base
Surface makes device have good service performance without short circuit.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure the insulating coating prepared by this method has good insulation performance,
The insulation performance of the insulating coating of preparation can also be detected by following detection means:
For example, one layer of conductive silver paste drying can be brushed on the insulating coating surface for preparing, detect the circuit of spraying with
Resistance between substrate, if resistance > 1M Ω between circuit and substrate, which has good insulation performance.Or
Person can spray one layer of aluminium in the method for the insulating coating surface electric arc spraying prepared, and aluminum layer is with a thickness of 30~100
μm, the resistance between aluminium and substrate is detected, if resistance > 1M Ω between aluminium and substrate, which has good
Insulation performance.Alternatively, the scolding tin of one piece of 5mm*5mm*2mm can be placed on the insulating coating surface prepared, it then will system
The insulating coating and scolding tin got ready are put into togerther in oven, and heating sets 350 DEG C and keeps the temperature 30min, it is cooling after test scolding tin with
Resistance between substrate, if resistance > 1M Ω between scolding tin and substrate, which has good insulation performance.
To sum up, using insulating coating is prepared according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, porosity can be obtained and be not higher than 4%
Insulating coating.This method improves spray finishing material and spray parameters, thus, it is possible to prepare hole in metallic substrate surface
The insulating coating that gap rate is lower, coating is fine and close, can make the structures such as subsequent circuit be easily attached to metallic substrate surface and
Will not be short-circuit, and insulating coating and substrate have good binding force, have good stability, by high-temperature baking and cold and hot punching
It will not fall off after hitting.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of sheet metals.According to an embodiment of the invention, the metal
The insulating coating using the preparation of previously described method is provided at least part of plate.The sheet metal has as a result,
The whole features and advantage of the insulating coating of previously described method preparation, details are not described herein.Generally speaking, which has
There is good insulation performance, which has good service performance.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of thermocouples.According to an embodiment of the invention, the thermocouple
Including metal base, there is insulating coating at least part of metal base, insulating coating is by previously described method system
Standby.As a result, the thermocouple have the advantages that whole features of the insulating coating of previously described method preparation and, herein no longer
It repeats.Generally speaking, thermocouple production yield with higher.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of thermocouples.According to an embodiment of the invention, the thermocouple
Including metal base, there is insulating coating at least part of metal base, the porosity of the insulating coating is not higher than 4%.
The thermocouple has good pyroelecthc properties as a result,.According to an embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating can be previously described
The insulating coating of method preparation, the insulating coating can have identical as the insulating coating of previously described method preparation as a result,
Feature and advantage, details are not described herein.Generally speaking, thermocouple production yield with higher.
It will be appreciated to those of skill in the art that thermocouple is that a kind of micromation, good compatibility, thermal capacitance be small, sensitivity
Temperature sensor high, thermal response speed is fast, can satisfy accurate, real-time temperature-sensitive demand.According to an embodiment of the invention,
Setting has the coating of good insulating performance on metal base, can prevent the conductive structure and metal base above insulating coating
Short circuit occurs, so as to so that thermocouple reaches accurate temperature effect.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the insulating coating can be and be formed by heat spraying method, the heat spraying method pair
Spray finishing material and spray parameters are improved, to obtain the coating with good insulating performance.It is according to the present invention
Embodiment, the thickness of the insulating coating can be 100-400 μm, and hardness is greater than 800HV.The insulating coating has higher as a result,
Consistency and hardness, to make thermocouple production yield with higher.
About constitute insulating coating spray finishing material specific material, before detailed description has been carried out, herein no longer
It repeats.For example, according to an embodiment of the invention, insulating coating can be by aluminium oxide, magnesia, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, oxidation
What at least one of silicon, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide were formed.Using above-mentioned
Material with excellent properties forms insulating coating, and the coating can be made to have good insulation, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, high rigidity etc.
Characteristic.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes a kind of electric appliances.According to an embodiment of the invention, the electric appliance includes
Previously described thermocouple, as a result, the electric appliance have the advantages that whole features of previously described thermocouple and, it is no longer superfluous herein
It states.Generally speaking, which has good thermometric performance.
The solution of the present invention is illustrated below by specific embodiment, it should be noted that the following examples
It is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, presses
It is carried out according to technology or conditions described in document in the art or according to product description.Material therefor or instrument are not specified
Production firm person, being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
It selects steel plate as substrate first, pre-treatment is carried out to steel plate using blasting treatment, specifically, by steel plate through 100
Purpose corundum sandblasting roughening, is then cleaned with ethyl alcohol and is dried, and is carried out in advance at a temperature of 120 DEG C to the steel plate Jing Guo preceding processing
Heat.
Secondly, choosing 25~80 μm of silica and 10~50 μm of magnesium oxide powder, mixed after mechanical ball mill stirs
It closes uniform.Wherein, the weight ratio of silica is 90~99%, and the weight ratio of magnesia is 1%~10%.
Secondly, the spray finishing material thermal jet prepared is applied to surface of steel plate, spray parameters using plasma spraying method are as follows:
Argon gas 40L/min, helium 30L/min, hydrogen 15L/min, voltage 65V, electric current 720A, powder sending quantity 25g/min, spray distance
80mm, spray gun movement speed 100mm/s, 90 ° of spray angle.Alternatively, the spray that will be prepared using supersonic flame spraying method
Material thermal spraying is applied to surface of steel plate, spray parameters are as follows: oxygen flow 50L/min, oxygen pressure 0.6MPa, acetylene flow 30L/
Min, acetylene pressure 0.1MPa, compressed air require 500L/min, compressed air pressure 0.6MPa, spray distance 120mm, spraying
90 ° of angle.In order to guarantee spraying uniformly, the method that use repeatedly sprays back and forth back and forth.
Finally, being detected to the insulation performance of the insulating coating prepared, led specifically, being brushed on insulating coating surface
Electric silver paste is simultaneously dried, and the resistance for testing silver paste and steel plate is 3M Ω, is greater than 1M Ω, is applied as a result, by the insulation of above method preparation
Layer has good insulation performance.
Embodiment 2
It selects aluminium sheet as substrate first, pre-treatment is carried out to aluminium sheet using acid etching, specifically, by aluminium sheet through 20%
Sulfuric acid etchant processing, and the aluminium sheet Jing Guo preceding processing is preheated at a temperature of 300 DEG C.
Secondly, choosing 25~80 μm of tungsten carbide and 10~50 μm of silicon carbide powder, mixed after mechanical ball mill stirs
It closes uniform.Wherein, the weight ratio of tungsten carbide is 90~99%, and the weight ratio of silicon carbide is 1%~10%.
Secondly, the spray finishing material thermal jet prepared is applied to surface of aluminum plate, spray parameters using plasma spraying method are as follows:
Argon gas 45L/min, helium 30L/min, hydrogen 20L/min, voltage 70V, electric current 600A, powder sending quantity 15g/min, spray distance
150mm, spray gun movement speed 200mm/s, 90 ° of spray angle.Alternatively, the spray that will be prepared using supersonic flame spraying method
Material thermal spraying is applied to surface of aluminum plate, spray parameters are as follows: oxygen flow 60L/min, oxygen pressure 0.6MPa, acetylene flow 25L/
Min, acetylene pressure 0.15MPa, compressed air require 450L/min, compressed air pressure 0.8MPa, spray distance 150mm, spray
Apply 90 ° of angle.In order to guarantee that spraying uniformly, is used sampling device in turntable in the method for certain speed rotary rolling.
Finally, being detected to the insulation performance of the insulating coating prepared, specifically, being sprayed in insulating coating surface arcing
One layer of fine aluminium is applied, 60 μm of fine aluminium thickness, measures resistance > 2M Ω of fine aluminium and substrate, that is, is greater than 1M Ω, as a result, by the above method
The insulating coating of preparation has good insulation performance.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of method for preparing insulating coating characterized by comprising
Substrate is provided, the substrate is formed by metal material；
Spray finishing material thermal jet is applied to the substrate surface, to form insulating coating, the porosity of the insulating coating is not high
In 4%.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the spray finishing material includes aluminium oxide, magnesia, carbonization
At least one of tungsten, silicon carbide, silica, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the particle size range of the spray finishing material is 15-45 μm.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the thermal spraying includes that electric arc spraying, plasma spray are coated with
And at least one of supersonic flame spraying.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the spray distance of the plasma spraying is 75-250mm.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the spray distance of the supersonic flame spraying is 100-
300mm。
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the insulating coating with a thickness of 100-400 μm, hardness is big
In 800HV.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein further comprising before forming the insulating coating:
The substrate is pre-processed and is preheated,
Wherein, the pretreatment includes carrying out blasting treatment, acid etching, anodized and described to the substrate
At least one of prime coat is prepared on substrate.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the gross mass based on the spray finishing material, the spray
Material includes: the silica of 90~99wt% and the magnesia of 1~10wt%；
Or 90~99wt% tungsten carbide and 1~10wt% silicon carbide；
Or 90~99.5wt% aluminium oxide and 0.5%~10wt% rare earth oxide.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the insulating coating is by following step
Suddenly it is formed:
Based on the spray finishing material, it is applied to the substrate surface using plasma spray, forms the insulating coating, the plasma
The parameter of spraying are as follows: 25~80L/min of argon gas, 25~80L/min of helium, 8~24L/min of hydrogen, 40~70V of voltage, electric current
460~920A, 25~100g/min of powder sending quantity, 75~250mm of spray distance, 20~200mm/s of spray gun movement speed, spray gun and
90 ° ± 15 ° of angle of substrate composition.
11. the method according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the insulating coating is by following step
Suddenly it is formed:
The insulating coating is formed using supersonic flame spraying to the substrate surface based on the spray finishing material, it is described super
The parameter of velocity of sound flame-spraying are as follows: 25~75L/min of oxygen flow, 0.4~1.2MPa of oxygen pressure, 20~50L/ of acetylene flow
Min, 0.05~0.2MPa of acetylene pressure, compressed air require > 300L/min, 0.4~1.0MPa of compressed air pressure, spraying away from
From 100~300mm, the angle of spray gun and substrate composition is 90 ° ± 15 °.
12. a kind of sheet metal, which is characterized in that be provided at least part of the sheet metal and utilize claim 1-
The insulating coating of 11 described in any item method preparations.
13. a kind of thermocouple, which is characterized in that the thermocouple includes metal base, at least part of the metal base
Upper to have insulating coating, the insulating coating is prepared by the described in any item methods of claim 1-11.
14. a kind of thermocouple, which is characterized in that the thermocouple includes metal base, at least part of the metal base
Upper to have insulating coating, the porosity of the insulating coating is not higher than 4%.
15. thermocouple according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the insulating coating is formed by heat spraying method
, the insulating coating with a thickness of 100-400 μm, hardness is greater than 800HV.
16. thermocouple according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the insulating coating is by aluminium oxide, magnesia, carbon
Change at least one of tungsten, silicon carbide, silica, zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide and rare earth oxide
It is formed.
17. a kind of electric appliance, which is characterized in that including the described in any item thermocouples of claim 14-16.
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| CN110551963A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Material and method for porosity regulation and strength supplement of thermal barrier coating |
| CN110903719A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-24 | 杨腾跃 | Rare earth metal coating for surface protection of steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111549310A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-18 | 南京深光科技有限公司 | Ceramic powder, mask and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113070192A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Composite coating, preparation method and electric appliance |
| CN113079600A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Composite material, electric appliance and method for preparing composite material |
| CN113073286A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Composite material, electric appliance and method for preparing composite material |
| CN114351074A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Method for coating high-temperature-resistant coating on noble metal thermocouple wire |
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