CN106555151A - A kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106555151A CN106555151A CN201611034498.9A CN201611034498A CN106555151A CN 106555151 A CN106555151 A CN 106555151A CN 201611034498 A CN201611034498 A CN 201611034498A CN 106555151 A CN106555151 A CN 106555151A
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- layer
- aluminium base
- powder
- plasma spraying
- electrothermal device
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device and preparation method thereof, the aluminium base surface spraying dielectric layer of the aluminium base electrothermal device, dielectric layer outer surface sprays resistive layer, and resistive layer outer surface spraying encapsulated layer, resistive layer arrange the electrode for exposing to encapsulated layer；The aluminium base electrothermal device has advantages below：1st, the restriction that original base material is confined to rustless steel, ceramics and glass is breached, and can be effectively mitigated electrothermal device weight and be reduced material cost；2nd, using powder direct spraying one-shot forming, production efficiency is high and conforming product rate is high；3rd, dielectric layer, resistive layer, encapsulated layer are sprayed by plasma spraying mode and are formed, and each layer adhesion is strong, and product reliability is good.The preparation method is comprised the following steps that：A, cleaning aluminium base；B, blasting medium layer；C, spraying resistive layer；D, electrode is prepared in resistive layer；E, spraying encapsulated layer；The preparation method can effectively prepare above-mentioned aluminium base electrothermal device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermo electric material technical field, more particularly to a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Plasma spraying is to adopt rigidity plasma arc for thermal source, the heat spraying method based on dusty spray material, etc.
Ion arc is the abbreviation of plasma arcs；Plasma refers to that gas is partly or entirely ionized under superelevation temperature state, is formed
Negative ions（Electronics）Quantity is equal and entirety is in electroneutral electric conductor.Electric arc is plasma in itself, but only works as electric arc
Compressed by thermal pinch, from magnetic compression effect, mechanical compress effect, when becoming the compression arc with higher temperature,
Just it is referred to as plasma arcs, its central temperature can reach 10000 DEG C -50000 DEG C, and so high temperature makes all of metal and pottery
Ceramic material can be sprayed.
Need to be explained further, plasma spraying technology has been widely used in space technology, and gradually start to answer
For automobile, the advantage of this technology is good heat-insulation effect, can bear high temperature and high pressure, technical maturity, steady quality；Be up to
To the target of low heat emission, ceramic spraying, the such as zirconium oxide of piston top spray, the oxygen of cylinder sleeve spray can be carried out to engine chamber part
Change zirconium etc., radiation loss can be reduced, mitigated electromotor sole mass, reduced electromotor chi through the electromotor of this process
Very little, reduction fuel consumption.With the progress of technology, it is each that plasma spraying technology will widely be applied to each row
Industry.
It should further be noted that existing thick-film electric heater part dielectric layer is mainly in stainless steel substrate, ceramic base material, glass baseplate
It is upper to be completed by silk-screen repeatedly/sintered glass glaze, low production efficiency, high cost, and product defects is difficult to control to, material is selected
Select be limited in scope, performance is difficult to be lifted.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device is provided,
The plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device has advantages below, specially：1st, breach original base material and be confined to rustless steel, pottery
The restriction of porcelain and glass, and can effectively mitigate the weight of electrothermal device and reduce material cost；2nd, dielectric layer, resistance
Layer, encapsulated layer adopt powder direct spraying one-shot forming, and production efficiency is high and conforming product rate is high；3rd, dielectric layer, resistive layer, envelope
Dress layer is sprayed by plasma spraying mode and is formed, and the adhesion between each layer is strong, and product reliability is good.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device is provided, the preparation method
It is capable of achieving to prepare electrothermal device on aluminum substrates by powder spray mode, which has advantages below, specifically：1st, can realize
Dielectric layer is prepared on aluminum substrates, breaches the restriction that original base material is confined to rustless steel, ceramics and glass, and can be effective
Ground mitigates the weight of electrothermal device and reduces material cost；2nd, using ceramic powders or glass powder direct spraying once into
Type, can effectively improve production efficiency and conforming product rate；3rd, plasma spraying can effectively increase dielectric layer and aluminium base
Adhesion between material, you can effectively improve product reliability.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, includes aluminium base, and the surface of aluminium base passes through plasma spraying
Mode is coated with dielectric layer, and the outer surface of dielectric layer is coated with resistive layer, the outer surface of resistive layer by plasma spraying mode
Encapsulated layer is coated with by plasma spraying mode, resistive layer is provided with the electrode for exposing to encapsulated layer；
Dielectric layer is ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer；
Resistive layer is molybdenum powder last layer, niobium powder layer, nikel powder last layer, molybdenum alloy powder last layer, niobium alloy powder layer or nickel alloy powder
Last layer；
Encapsulated layer is ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer.
Wherein, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 30 μm -500 μm.
Wherein, the thickness of the resistive layer is 20 μm -80 μm.
Wherein, the thickness of the encapsulated layer is 10 μm -50 μm.
Wherein, the aluminium base is fine aluminium base material or aluminum alloy base material.
Wherein, the ceramic powders are oxide ceramic powder, nitride ceramic powders, carbide ceramic powder, boronation
A kind of or at least two mixed-powders for being constituted in thing ceramic powders.
Wherein, the ceramic powders are alumina ceramic powder.
A kind of preparation method of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, includes following processing step, specially：
A, cleaning aluminium base simultaneously cause aluminium base to keep clean；
B, the surface that ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at aluminium base by plasma spraying equipment, to form Jie to spray
Matter layer；
C, after dielectric layer spraying finish after, by plasma spraying equipment by thermo electric material powder spray in the appearance of dielectric layer
Face, to form resistive layer；Wherein, thermo electric material powder is molybdenum powder, niobium powder, nickel by powder, molybdenum alloy powder, niobium alloy powder
A kind of or at least two mixed-powders for being constituted in end, Ni alloy powder；
D, after resistive layer spraying finish after, prepare electrode in resistive layer；
E, after electrode prepare finish after, ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at by resistive layer by plasma spraying equipment
Outer surface, to form encapsulated layer.
Wherein, the output of the plasma spraying equipment be 500w-500kw, plasma spraying equipment using nitrogen,
One or more mixed gas in argon, helium, hydrogen are protected, the spraying powder feeding pressure 0.1 of plasma spraying equipment
MPa -5MPa, powder pushing precision ± 0.1%- ± 1% of plasma spraying equipment, 0 kg/min of powder sending quantity of plasma spraying equipment
-1kg/min。
Wherein, the plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device dieletric strength：1000-3500V；Electrical insulating property：＞ 108M
Ω；Leakage current：＜ 0.5mA（1.06 running voltage again）；Thermal shock resistance properties：400 DEG C of water quenchings（20 DEG C of water temperature）5 times, microscope is seen
Examine flawless.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device of the present invention, its aluminium base
Surface sprays resistive layer by plasma spraying mode by plasma spraying mode blasting medium layer, dielectric layer outer surface, electricity
Resistance layer outer surface sprays encapsulated layer by plasma spraying mode, and resistive layer arranges the electrode for exposing to encapsulated layer；Dielectric layer is
Ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer；Resistive layer is molybdenum powder last layer, niobium powder layer, nikel powder last layer, molybdenum alloy powder last layer, niobium conjunction
Bronze last layer or nickel alloy powder last layer；Encapsulated layer is ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer.The plasma spraying aluminium base
Electrothermal device has advantages below, specially：1st, the restriction that original base material is confined to rustless steel, ceramics and glass is breached,
And can effectively mitigate the weight of electrothermal device and reduce material cost；2nd, dielectric layer, resistive layer, encapsulated layer are straight using powder
Spraying one-shot forming is connect, production efficiency is high and conforming product rate is high；3rd, dielectric layer, resistive layer, encapsulated layer pass through plasma spraying
Mode is sprayed and is formed, and the adhesion between each layer is strong, and product reliability is good.
The another of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：A kind of preparation of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device of the present invention
Method, which includes following processing step：A, cleaning aluminium base simultaneously cause aluminium base to keep clean；B, it is coated with by plasma spray
The standby surface that ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at aluminium base, forms dielectric layer to spray；C, treat that dielectric layer has been sprayed
Bi Hou, by plasma spraying equipment by thermo electric material powder spray in the outer surface of dielectric layer, to form resistive layer；Wherein,
Thermo electric material powder be molybdenum powder, niobium powder, nickel by powder, molybdenum alloy powder, niobium alloy powder, the one kind in Ni alloy powder or
The mixed-powder constituted by person at least two；D, after resistive layer spraying finish after, prepare electrode in resistive layer；E, treat electrode prepare
After finishing, ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at by plasma spraying equipment for the outer surface of resistive layer, to form envelope
Dress layer.The preparation method is capable of achieving to prepare electrothermal device on aluminum substrates by powder spray mode, and which has advantages below, tool
Body：1st, can realize preparing dielectric layer on aluminum substrates, breach original base material and be confined to rustless steel, ceramics and glass
Limit, and can effectively mitigate the weight of electrothermal device and reduce material cost；2nd, using ceramic powders or glass powder
Direct spraying one-shot forming, can effectively improve production efficiency and conforming product rate；3rd, plasma spraying effectively can increase
Plus the adhesion between dielectric layer and aluminium base, you can effectively improve product reliability.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed below with accompanying drawing, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing is not constituted to this
Bright any restriction.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the aluminium base electrothermal device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation at another visual angle of aluminium base electrothermal device of the present invention.
Include in fig. 1 and 2：
1 --- aluminium base 2 --- dielectric layer
3 --- resistive layer 4 --- encapsulated layer
5 --- electrode.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, includes aluminium base 1, the surface of aluminium base 1 leads to
Cross plasma spraying mode and be coated with dielectric layer 2, the outer surface of dielectric layer 2 is coated with resistive layer 3 by plasma spraying mode,
The outer surface of resistive layer 3 is coated with encapsulated layer 4 by plasma spraying mode, and resistive layer 3 is provided with the electricity for exposing to encapsulated layer 4
Pole 5；
Dielectric layer 2 is ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer；
Resistive layer 3 is molybdenum powder last layer, niobium powder layer, nikel powder last layer, molybdenum alloy powder last layer, niobium alloy powder layer or nickel alloy powder
Last layer；
Encapsulated layer 4 is ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer.
Wherein, the thickness of dielectric layer 2 is 30 μm -500 μm, and the thickness of resistive layer 3 is 20 μm -80 μm, the thickness of encapsulated layer 4
Spend for 10 μm -50 μm, aluminium base 1 is fine aluminium base material 1 or aluminum alloy base material；Ceramic powders are oxide ceramic powder, nitridation
A kind of or at least two mixed-powders for being constituted in thing ceramic powders, carbide ceramic powder, boride ceramic powders,
Preferably, ceramic powders are alumina ceramic powder.
By said structure design, the plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device has advantages below, specially：1st, break through
Original base material is confined to the restriction of rustless steel, ceramics and glass, and can effectively mitigate the weight of electrothermal device and drop
Low material cost；2nd, dielectric layer 2, resistive layer 3, encapsulated layer 4 adopt powder direct spraying one-shot forming, production efficiency height and product
Qualification rate is high；3rd, dielectric layer 2, resistive layer 3, encapsulated layer 4 are sprayed by plasma spraying mode and are formed, the adhesion between each layer
By force, product reliability is good.
For above-mentioned plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, which can be prepared from using following preparation method,
Specifically, a kind of preparation method of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, it is characterised in that include following processing step,
Specially：
A, cleaning aluminium base 1 simultaneously cause aluminium base 1 to keep clean；
B, the surface that ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at aluminium base 1 by plasma spraying equipment, to be formed with spraying
Dielectric layer 2；
C, after dielectric layer 2 spraying finish after, by plasma spraying equipment by thermo electric material powder spray in the appearance of dielectric layer 2
Face, to form resistive layer 3；Wherein, thermo electric material powder is molybdenum powder, niobium powder, nickel by powder, molybdenum alloy powder, niobium alloy powder
A kind of or at least two mixed-powders for being constituted in end, Ni alloy powder；
D, after resistive layer 3 spraying finish after, prepare electrode 5 in resistive layer 3；
E, after electrode 5 prepare finish after, ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at by resistive layer 3 by plasma spraying equipment
Outer surface, to form encapsulated layer 4.
Wherein, the output of the plasma spraying equipment be 500w-500kw, plasma spraying equipment using nitrogen,
One or more mixed gas in argon, helium, hydrogen are protected, the spraying powder feeding pressure 0.1 of plasma spraying equipment
MPa -5MPa, powder pushing precision ± 0.1%- ± 1% of plasma spraying equipment, 0 kg/min of powder sending quantity of plasma spraying equipment
-1kg/min。
Further, the plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device dieletric strength：1000-3500V；Electrical insulating property：＞
108MΩ；Leakage current：＜ 0.5mA（1.06 running voltage again）；Thermal shock resistance properties：400 DEG C of water quenchings（20 DEG C of water temperature）It is 5 times, micro-
Sem observation flawless.
Carry out above-mentioned preparation method with a specific example below to be described in detail, specifically：1st, by 100*120*10mm
1 cleaning of fine aluminium base material；2nd, it is 0.8MPa, powder feeding flow to adopt power for 200kw, powder feeding pressure by plasma apparatus
For 150g/min, the parameter of powder pushing precision 0.5%, the alumina ceramic powder that granularity is 15 μm is sprayed on aluminium base 1, with
Dielectric layer 2 is formed, 2 thickness of dielectric layer is 280 μm；3rd, then with power be 120kw, powder feeding pressure be 0.6MPa, powder feeding flow
For 70g/min, the technological parameter of powder pushing precision 0.3%, by Ni28Cr70Al2 powder sprays that granularity is 20 μm in aluminium base 1
On dielectric layer 2,3 thickness of resistive layer of preparation is 35 μm, live width 3mm, spacing 0.1mm；4th, electrode 5 and spraying encapsulated layer 4 are prepared,
Encapsulated layer 4 is 20 microns of zirconia ceramicss powder bed.Prepared 1 electrothermal device general power of aluminium base be 4500w,
TCR is 45ppm/ DEG C；Dieletric strength：3000V；Electrical insulating property：＞ 108MΩ；Leakage current：＜ 0.5mA（1.06 times of work electricity
Pressure）；Thermal shock resistance properties：500 DEG C of water quenchings（20 DEG C of water temperature）5 times, micro- sem observation flawless.
Designed by above-mentioned processing step, the preparation method may be implemented in by powder spray mode and prepare on aluminium base 1
Electrothermal device, which has advantages below, specifically：1st, can realize dielectric layer 2 is prepared on aluminium base 1, breach original base
Material be confined to rustless steel, ceramics and glass restriction, and effectively can mitigate electrothermal device weight and reduce material into
This；2nd, using ceramic powders or glass powder direct spraying one-shot forming, production efficiency can be effectively improved and product is closed
Lattice rate；3rd, plasma spraying can effectively increase the adhesion between dielectric layer 2 and aluminium base 1, you can effectively improve product
Product reliability.
Above content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention's
Thought, will change in specific embodiments and applications, and this specification content is should not be construed as to the present invention
Restriction.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, it is characterised in that：Include aluminium base（1）, aluminium base（1）Surface
Dielectric layer is coated with by plasma spraying mode（2）, dielectric layer（2）Outer surface electricity is coated with by plasma spraying mode
Resistance layer（3）, resistive layer（3）Outer surface encapsulated layer is coated with by plasma spraying mode（4）, resistive layer（3）It is provided with outer
It is exposed to encapsulated layer（4）Electrode（5）；
Dielectric layer（2）For ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer；
Resistive layer（3）For molybdenum powder last layer, niobium powder layer, nikel powder last layer, molybdenum alloy powder last layer, niobium alloy powder layer or nickel alloy
Powder bed；
Encapsulated layer（4）For ceramic powder last layer or glass dust last layer.
2. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dielectric layer
（2）Thickness be 30 μm -500 μm.
3. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The resistive layer
（3）Thickness be 20 μm -80 μm.
4. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The encapsulated layer
（4）Thickness be 10 μm -50 μm.
5. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The aluminium base
（1）For fine aluminium base material or aluminum alloy base material.
6. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ceramic powders
For the one kind in oxide ceramic powder, nitride ceramic powders, carbide ceramic powder, boride ceramic powders or at least
Two kinds of mixed-powders for being constituted.
7. a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ceramic powders
For alumina ceramic powder.
8. a kind of preparation method of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device, it is characterised in that include following processing step, has
Body is：
A, cleaning aluminium base（1）And cause aluminium base（1）Keep clean；
B, ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at by aluminium base by plasma spraying equipment（1）Surface, to spray shape
Into dielectric layer（2）；
C, treat dielectric layer（2）After spraying is finished, by plasma spraying equipment by thermo electric material powder spray in dielectric layer（2）'s
Outer surface, to form resistive layer（3）；Wherein, thermo electric material powder is molybdenum powder, niobium powder, nickel by powder, molybdenum alloy powder, niobium
A kind of or at least two mixed-powders for being constituted in alloy powder, Ni alloy powder；
D, treat resistive layer（3）After spraying is finished, in resistive layer（3）Prepare electrode（5）；
E, treat electrode（5）After preparation is finished, ceramic powders or glass powder are sprayed at by resistance by plasma spraying equipment
Layer（3）Outer surface, to form encapsulated layer（4）.
9. the preparation method of a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Institute
The output for stating plasma spraying equipment is 500w-500kw, and plasma spraying equipment is using nitrogen, argon, helium, hydrogen
In one or more mixed gas protected, the 0.1 MPa -5MPa of spraying powder feeding pressure of plasma spraying equipment, wait from
Powder pushing precision ± 0.1%- ± 1% of sub- spraying equipment, the 0 kg/min -1kg/min of powder sending quantity of plasma spraying equipment.
10. the preparation method of a kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
The plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device dieletric strength：1000-3500V；Electrical insulating property：＞ 108MΩ；Leakage current：＜
0.5mA（1.06 running voltage again）；Thermal shock resistance properties：400 DEG C of water quenchings（20 DEG C of water temperature）5 times, micro- sem observation flawless.
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Family
ID=58444870
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107221435A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-29 | 浙江长兴鑫启元电子科技有限公司 | A kind of novel aluminium foil nano-filled composite production technology |
| CN107295705A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-24 | 镇江海姆霍兹传热传动***有限公司 | New-energy automobile heater heating element heater |
| CN107312994A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-03 | 东莞市晶磁科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal spraying electrothermal device and preparation method thereof |
| CN109355610A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of metallic matrix electromagnetic heating coating and its preparation method and application |
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| CN206256158U (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-06-16 | 东莞珂洛赫慕电子材料科技有限公司 | A kind of plasma spraying aluminium base electrothermal device |
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| US6225608B1 (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-05-01 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Circular film heater |
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