CN110116171B - Workpiece inner shrinkage processing die and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Workpiece inner shrinkage processing die and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110116171B CN110116171B CN201910458135.5A CN201910458135A CN110116171B CN 110116171 B CN110116171 B CN 110116171B CN 201910458135 A CN201910458135 A CN 201910458135A CN 110116171 B CN110116171 B CN 110116171B
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
- B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
- B21D19/10—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws working inwardly
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
- B21D41/04—Reducing; Closing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a workpiece inner necking processing die and a processing method thereof, wherein a workpiece is fixed on a clamp, a workpiece processing end is electrically heated, the workpiece is rotated while being heated, the workpiece is contacted with the inner necking processing die and moves relatively, friction heating is generated, the processing end is extruded and turned inwards, the processing end is shaped, the inner necking processing die is made of hard materials, the workpiece rotation linear speed is 2-15m/s, and the extrusion pressure is 5-150 kg/square meter. The method is adopted to process the workpiece, friction heat can be optimally generated by adopting the speed and the press fit, the energy consumption is effectively saved, the processing efficiency and quality of the workpiece are effectively improved, the workpiece is effectively prevented from being twisted and bent during processing, the workpiece is integrally formed by shrinking an opening in the workpiece, the end part of the workpiece is thickened, the falling off of the end part of the workpiece or the occurrence of cracks is effectively reduced, the air tightness and safety are affected, the application range of the workpiece is improved, and the production can be carried out for different workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of necking processing, in particular to a workpiece inner necking processing die and a processing method thereof.
Background
The mechanical seal is a shaft seal device of a rotary machine. Such as centrifugal pumps, centrifuges, kettles, compressors and the like. Because the transmission shaft runs through inside and outside the equipment, a circumferential gap exists between the shaft and the equipment, medium in the equipment leaks outwards through the gap, if the pressure in the equipment is lower than atmospheric pressure, air leaks into the equipment, therefore, a shaft seal device for preventing leakage is necessary, the pressure vessel sealing head is an important component for mechanically sealing the water pump in production, the pressure vessel sealing head is often required to be subjected to necking treatment by a necking machine in production so as to be more tightly installed on the water pump, the traditional necking machine is not provided with a counting function, the quantity of the pressure vessel sealing heads locked can not be counted, manual counting is often required, the counting efficiency is low, and the result is easy to be wrong.
The method adopted by the common necking forming of the pressure vessel sealing head is spinning, the spinning forming is easy to cause low roundness (namely oval) of the necking, and the difficulty is brought to the assembly of the pressure vessel in the later period. In addition, the spinning has low molding efficiency.
Researchers have tried to realize necking formation of pressure vessel closures using dies, which are classified as either unsupported or rigid support structures. The mould without supporting structure is easy to generate instability (wrinkling) of the circumferential direction of the sealing head during forming. When the rigid supporting structure is adopted, the circumferential instability can be avoided, but the gap between the supporting piece and the necking die is difficult to adjust uniformly, and the longitudinal metal accumulation easily occurs during forming, so that the forming cannot be realized.
The application number 201710359644.3 discloses a necking method, a necking die used by the necking method and application of the necking die. The pipe is manufactured into the pressure vessel by a necking processing method. The necking die is characterized in that a transverse portion, an arc portion, a supporting portion and a longitudinal portion are arranged on a base body, the arc portion is arranged between the transverse portion and the longitudinal portion, and the transverse portion is arranged between the supporting portion and the arc portion. The method has the advantages that the processing method is simple and quick, the necking ends with different shapes can be processed, the consistency of the necking ends is good, the necking ends are thickened outwards in the axial direction or thickened inwards in the axial direction, and the processing method and the necking die can be industrially applied.
In the processing process, the heating temperature, the rotating speed and the rotating extrusion force of the workpiece are difficult to master, the workpiece is easy to twist and bend when the heating temperature is too high, the energy loss is too high, and the inner flanging effect, the processing efficiency and the processing quality of the workpiece are influenced by the too low or too high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the internal shrinkage processing die which is convenient for saving energy consumption, has high processing efficiency and quality, is integrally formed in an internal shrinkage, is firm and is convenient for bearing high pressure, and the processing method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a workpiece is fixed on a fixture, a workpiece processing end is electrically heated, the workpiece is rotated while being heated, the workpiece is contacted with a processing die of the inner shrinking opening and moves relatively, friction heating is generated, the processing end is extruded and turned in a flanging mode, the processing end is shaped, the processing die of the inner shrinking opening is made of hard materials, meanwhile, the rotation linear speed of the workpiece is 2-15m/s, and the extrusion pressure is 5-150 kg/square meter.
The hard material is friction-resistant material, such as carbon steel, chrome steel, hard alloy and the like, is convenient for providing stable extrusion force for the workpiece and enabling the workpiece to stably move, and avoids distortion and bending caused by uneven stress in the rotation process of the work price.
Preferably, the workpiece rotation linear speed is 2-10m/s.
More preferably, the workpiece rotation linear velocity is 2-6m/s.
Optimally, the workpiece rotational linear velocity is 2.5m/s.
Preferably, the extrusion pressure is 10-50 kg/square meter, more preferably, the extrusion pressure is 30 kg/square meter. Friction heat can be optimally generated using this speed in combination with this press fit.
And further, carrying out through hole inner notch forming on the shaped workpiece, and then carrying out screw tap shaping on the workpiece.
Further, the work piece is a pressure vessel or a pipe fitting, the pressure vessel comprises a sinus gas tank, a hydraulic tank, a storage tank, a pressure bottle and a fire extinguisher, and the pipe fitting comprises a steel pipe, an alloy pipe, a cracking pipe and a copper pipe.
The inner necking processing die comprises a die body and a necking part for inward flanging extrusion, wherein the die body is provided with a mounting part, the necking part comprises a transverse part, a longitudinal part and an arc part, the longitudinal part is positioned on the upper end face of the transverse part, the arc part is positioned between the longitudinal part and the transverse part, and the longitudinal part and the transverse part are both flat plates.
Further, the arc part is in an r angle, the r angle is gradually increased from the front end to the tail end of the inner necking die, the workpiece moves relatively to the tail end of the inner necking die, the workpiece is in point contact with the longitudinal part and the transverse part and gradually is converted into surface contact with the arc part, the longitudinal part and the transverse part, and the end part of the workpiece is necked inwards and thickened.
Further, the r angle is 1-100 degrees; preferably, the r angle is 3-50 °; more preferably, the r angle is 3-15 °.
Further, a through hole cutter is arranged on the die body, the front end of the through hole cutter is conical, and a reinforcing part is arranged between the through hole cutter and the die body.
Further, the longitudinal part is perpendicular to the transverse part, the front end face of the longitudinal part forms an angle R with the transverse central axis of the die body, and the distance between the right end of the longitudinal part and the die body is L.
Further, the angle R is 1-89 degrees; preferably, the R angle is 3-50; more preferably, the R angle is 5-20 degrees; optimally, the R angle is 12 °.
Further, be equipped with the ladder in the circular arc portion, the ladder includes left end face, right-hand member face and circular arc sword, and the circular arc sword is located between left end face and the right-hand member face, is the recess between two adjacent ladders.
Further, the left end face gradient is smaller than the right end face gradient.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1. the method is adopted to process the workpiece, the rotation linear speed of the workpiece is 2-15m/s, the extrusion pressure is 5-150 kg/square meter, friction heat can be optimally generated by adopting the speed and the pressure fit, the energy consumption is effectively saved, the processing efficiency and quality of the workpiece are simultaneously optimized, and the workpiece is effectively prevented from being distorted and bent during processing; when the rotation speed is too low, the processing time is too long, the processing efficiency is affected, and when the rotation speed is too high, the temperature of the workpiece is easily too high, so that the workpiece is twisted and bent; when the extrusion pressure is too small, the effect and the efficiency of the inward flanging of the notch in the workpiece are affected, and when the extrusion pressure is too large, the thickening effect of the inward flanging is easily uneven and the workpiece is easily distorted.
2. The method is used for processing the workpiece necking, so that the workpiece processing efficiency is improved, the sealing effect and the pressure bearing capability of the workpiece can be improved, the workpiece inner necking is integrally formed, the end part of the workpiece is thickened, the falling off or cracking of the end part of the workpiece is effectively reduced, the air tightness and the safety are affected, the application range of the workpiece is improved, different workpieces can be produced, such as a sinus gas tank, a hydraulic tank, a storage tank, a pressure bottle, a fire extinguisher, a steel pipe, an alloy pipe, a cracking pipe and a copper pipe, and the like, industrialized batch production is facilitated, and the necking processed by the method can be applied to a sealing structure and can be also applied to pipeline connection and a pressure container.
3. The transverse part and the longitudinal part on the inner necking processing die are both flat plates, shaping and thickness uniformity are convenient to carry out on the periphery of a workpiece processing end in the processing process, the influence on the evenness of the surface flatness or thickness of the workpiece due to surface unevenness is avoided, and the effect of inner flanging of workpiece extrusion is facilitated.
4. The ladder or protruding setting, when the tip of tubular product is in ladder left end face, tubular product autorotation forms the extrusion to tubular product tip, and the tubular product tip that drives plastic deformation after the heating is to the inside turn-ups of tubular product, and when tubular product tip passed through the circular arc sword, the circular arc sword played the effect of extrusion scraping the further improvement internal flanging to tubular product tip, when tubular product removed the right-hand member face from the circular arc sword, because of the difference in height between circular arc sword and the right-hand member face, further messenger tubular product tip inwards turned up, the effect of the thickening of internal flanging has effectually improved.
5. The conical arrangement of the front end of the through hole cutter effectively solves the technical problem of processing the notch in the workpiece, and simultaneously effectively improves the connection strength of the workpiece and an external connecting piece, thereby being convenient for improving the air tightness of the workpiece.
The detailed structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an internal shrinkage processing mold;
FIG. 2-is a schematic view of the arc portion in FIG. 1;
1-mounting part, 2-die body, 3-longitudinal part, 4-circular arc part, 5-transverse part, 6-through hole knife, 7-reinforcing part, 8-left end face, 9-right end face, 10-circular arc blade and 11-groove.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2: a workpiece is fixed on a clamp, a workpiece processing end is electrically heated, the heating temperature is 500-1800 ℃, the workpiece is rotated while being heated, the workpiece is contacted with an inner shrinking opening processing die and moves relatively, friction heating is generated, the processing end is extruded and turned up, the processing end is shaped, the inner shrinking opening processing die is made of hard materials, the workpiece rotation linear speed is 2-15m/s, the extrusion pressure is 5-150 kg/square meter, through-hole inner notch forming is carried out on the shaped workpiece, and then screw tap shaping is carried out on the workpiece. The extrusion pressure is extrusion force in the axial direction of the workpiece, longitudinal extrusion force perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece, pop-up force of a die on the processing end of the workpiece, or binding force of the three forces.
Preferably, the workpiece rotates at a linear speed of 2-10m/s and the extrusion force is 10-100 kg/square meter.
More preferably, the workpiece has a rotational linear velocity of 2-6m/s and an extrusion pressure of 10-50 kg/square meter.
Optimally, the workpiece rotation line speed is 2.5m/s, and the extrusion pressure is 30 kg/square meter.
By adopting the speed and the pressure to be matched, friction heat can be optimally generated, so that the temperature, the rotation speed and the extrusion pressure of a workpiece can reach the optimal matched processing state, the workpiece can be effectively prevented from being distorted, bent and broken in the processing process, the processing is convenient, the energy is saved, and the processing efficiency, the processing quality and the processing precision are improved; when the rotation speed is too low, the processing time is too long, the processing efficiency is affected, and when the rotation speed is too high, the workpiece is easy to be distorted and bent due to too high temperature and large inertia; when the extrusion pressure is too small, the effect and the efficiency of the inward flanging of the notch in the workpiece are affected, and when the extrusion pressure is too large, the uneven thickening effect of the inward flanging and the distortion of the workpiece are easily caused; in the processing process, the electric heating and the friction heat generated by the rotation of the workpiece can be adopted to heat the workpiece, the electric heating and the friction heat generated by the rotation of the workpiece can be mutually matched to heat the workpiece, so that the workpiece can keep the optimal processing temperature, and meanwhile, the generated friction heat can be utilized to heat the subsequent processing of the workpiece.
The relative movement between the workpiece and the inner necking die is that the inner necking die moves towards the axis direction of the workpiece, namely the inner necking die moves on the Y axis, so that the initial position where the processing end of the workpiece contacts with the end part of the inner necking die stops moving in the Y axis direction, then the workpiece moves towards one side of the workpiece relative to the inner necking die, or moves towards the tail part of the inner necking die, namely the X axis direction, so that an extrusion inner flanging is formed on the workpiece, the moving speed is 0.1-10m/s, and the contact extrusion of the extruded processing end and the inner necking die is realized through self rotation shaping.
The movement of the workpiece in the X-axis direction forms an included angle r with the arc part 4, and is simultaneously resisted by the transverse part 5 of the inner necking processing die, and simultaneously scraped by the transverse part 5, the longitudinal part 3 and the arc part 4, so that the heated end part is turned inwards, the outer surface of the workpiece is prevented from being offset under the extrusion action of the component materials on the workpiece, the material at the end part can only be extruded and moved towards the inner part of the workpiece, the workpiece processing end and the inner necking processing die are enabled to be contacted from the point of the initial contact position to the tail part of the inner necking processing die, and the inner flanging is gradually formed from the point contact to the surface contact by the resisting scraping and extrusion of the transverse part 5, the longitudinal part 3 and the arc part 4.
Meanwhile, when the processing end of the workpiece is positioned on the left end face 8 of the step of the arc part 4, the workpiece rotates to extrude the processing end, the processing end which can be plastically deformed after being heated is turned into the workpiece, and meanwhile, the outer surface of the workpiece end can be shaped, when the workpiece end passes through the arc edge 10, the arc edge 10 plays a role in extruding and scraping the workpiece end, the inward turning effect is further improved, when the workpiece moves from the arc edge 10 to the right end face 9, the workpiece end is turned inwards due to the fall between the arc edge 10 and the right end face 9, the inward turning effect of the workpiece end is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the workpiece end can be shaped.
When the workpiece subjected to flanging and shaping is subjected to through hole, the through hole cutter 6 is made to advance in the axial direction of the workpiece in the Y-axis direction, the through hole cutter 6 is fully fed, meanwhile, the workpiece is driven by the rotation of the clamp to perform rotary motion, the rotary linear speed is 2-15m/s, the heating temperature range is 500-1800 ℃, the rotary linear speed is 2.5m/s, repeated feeding is performed for many times, the end part of the workpiece is extruded by the through hole cutter 6, the material at the end part extends into the workpiece to form an inner notch, and the repeated feeding is convenient for forming the notch and shaping the inner notch.
Preferably, the through hole knife 6 and the axis of the workpiece are positioned on the same straight line, so that the inner notch is always positioned on the axis of the center line of the workpiece, the connection of the external connecting piece is facilitated, the thickening uniformity of the processing end of the workpiece is facilitated, the bearing force of the inner notch is facilitated to be uniform, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.
After the inner notch is shaped, the heating is stopped, the through hole cutter 6 is completely withdrawn, the rotation speed and the temperature of the workpiece are reduced, the inner shrinkage opening is further tapped, the inner shrinkage opening is made to form inner and outer threads, the connection strength of an external connecting piece is convenient to improve, or the workpiece can be further cut according to the requirement, and the workpiece is cooled and shaped.
The workpiece can be a pressure vessel or a pipe fitting, the pressure vessel comprises a sinus gas tank, a gas pipe, a hydraulic tank, a storage tank, a pressure bottle and a fire extinguisher, and the pipe fitting comprises a steel pipe, an alloy pipe, a cracking pipe and a copper pipe.
The utility model provides a necking mold in work piece, including mould body 2 and be used for interior flanging extruded throat portion, be equipped with installation department 1 on the mould body 2, throat portion includes horizontal portion 5, vertical portion 3 and circular arc portion 4, vertical portion 3 is located the up end of horizontal portion 5, circular arc portion 4 is located between vertical portion 3 and the horizontal portion 5, vertical portion 3 and horizontal portion 5 are the dull and stereotyped, be convenient for carry out plastic and thickness's homogeneity to work piece processing end periphery in the course of working, avoid influencing the evenness of work piece surface or thickness because of the surface unevenness, be favorable to the effect of work piece extrusion internal flanging.
The arc part 4 is internally provided with steps, each step comprises a left end face 8, a right end face 9 and an arc blade 10, each arc blade 10 is located between the left end face 8 and the right end face 9, a groove 11 is formed between every two adjacent steps, when the end part of a workpiece is located on the left end face 8 of each step, the workpiece autorotates to extrude the end part of the workpiece, the end part of the workpiece which is plastically deformed after heating is driven to be flanged to the inside of the workpiece, the outer surface of the end part of the workpiece can be shaped, when the end part of the workpiece passes through the arc blade 10, the arc blade 10 plays a role in extruding and scraping the end part of the workpiece to further improve the internal flanging, when the workpiece moves from the arc blade 10 to the right end face 9, the end part of the workpiece is further flanged inwards due to the distance difference between the arc blade 10 and the right end face 9, the internal flanging thickening effect is effectively improved, and the end part of the workpiece can be shaped.
The gradient of the left end face 8 is smaller than that of the right end face 9, so that the drop rate of the workpiece reaching the right end face 9 through the arc blade 10 is larger, and the formation of an inner flanging is facilitated.
The angle of the arc part 4 is r, and the r angle is 1-100 degrees; preferably, the r angle is 3-50 °; the r angle gradually increases from left to right; more preferably, the r angle is between 3 and 15 degrees; when the r angle is too large, the uniformity of the inner flanging thickening of the workpiece is affected, and when the r angle is smaller than 3 DEG, the speed of the inner flanging is too small, and the machining efficiency is affected; when the workpiece moves rightwards relative to the inner necking processing die, the workpiece is gradually changed from point contact to surface contact, so that the inner flanging and extrusion thickening of the end part of the workpiece are facilitated.
Be equipped with through-hole sword 6 on the mould body 2, through-hole sword 6 front end is conical, and conical setting is convenient for be convenient for to work piece through-hole, and the formation of recess in the throat of being convenient for simultaneously, through-hole sword 6 is located the right side of mould body 2, is equipped with reinforcing part 7 between through-hole sword 6 and the mould body 2, and when carrying out the through-hole to the work piece, reinforcing part 7 can play further extrusion effect to the tip of work piece, and the formation of recess in the time of the through-hole of being convenient for is convenient for improve the joint strength of through-hole sword 6 and mould body 2 simultaneously.
The longitudinal part 3 is perpendicular to the transverse part 5, the front end surface of the longitudinal part 3 forms an angle R with the transverse central axis of the die body 2, and the angle R is 1-89 degrees; preferably, the R angle is 3-50; more preferably, the R angle is 5-20 degrees; optimally, the R angle is 12 °; the distance between the right end of the longitudinal part 3 and the die body 2 is L, wherein L is used for determining the inner flanging thickness of the workpiece, the L distance is the distance for shortening the end part of the pipe by extrusion, and the shortened part is used for thickening the end part of the pipe so as to facilitate the improvement of the structural strength of the end part of the pipe; when the R angle is too large, the L-shaped amplification rate is too large, so that the uniformity of thickening of the workpiece and the structural strength of the end part of the workpiece are affected, and when the R angle is smaller than 1 degree, the efficiency and the machining efficiency of the inner flanging of the workpiece are affected.
The method is adopted to process the workpiece, so that the inner shrinkage opening of the workpiece is integrally formed, the inner flanging is uniform, the thickening is uniform, the connection strength and the sealing effect between the workpiece and an external connecting piece are improved conveniently, and the structural strength of the end part of the workpiece can be improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but it is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, various equivalent modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features described in the above-described specific embodiments may be combined separately and independently as long as they are within the technical concept of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a necking mold in work piece, includes the mould body and is used for the extruded necking portion of internal flange, is equipped with the installation department on the mould body, and the necking portion includes horizontal portion, vertical portion and circular arc portion, and vertical portion is located the up end of horizontal portion, and circular arc position is located between vertical portion and the horizontal portion, its characterized in that: the longitudinal part and the transverse part are both flat plates;
the longitudinal part is perpendicular to the transverse part, the front end face of the longitudinal part forms an angle R with the transverse central axis of the die body, and the distance between the right end of the longitudinal part and the die body is L; the arc part is internally provided with steps, each step comprises a left end face, a right end face and an arc blade, the arc blade is positioned between the left end face and the right end face, and a groove is formed between every two adjacent steps; the die body is provided with a through hole cutter;
when the processing end of the workpiece is positioned on the left end face of the arc part step, the workpiece autorotation extrudes the processing end, the processing end which can be plastically deformed after heating is driven to turn up the edge of the workpiece, meanwhile, the outer surface of the end of the workpiece is shaped, when the end of the workpiece passes through the arc edge, the arc edge plays a role in extruding and scraping the end of the workpiece, the inner flanging effect is further improved, and when the workpiece moves from the arc edge to the right end face, the end of the workpiece is further enabled to turn up inwards due to the fall between the arc edge and the right end face.
2. The workpiece inner necking die of claim 1, characterized in that: the arc part is in an r angle, the r angle is gradually increased from the front end of the inner necking processing die to the tail part, the workpiece moves relatively to the tail part of the inner necking processing die, the workpiece is in point contact with the longitudinal part and the transverse part and gradually is converted into surface contact with the arc part, the longitudinal part and the transverse part, so that the end part of the workpiece is necked inwards and thickened.
3. The inside shrinkage die set according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the through hole knife is conical, and a reinforcing part is arranged between the through hole knife and the die body.
4. A method for processing an inner necking of a workpiece by using the inner necking processing die of the workpiece according to any one of claims 1-3, fixing the workpiece on a fixture, electrically heating a processing end of the workpiece, rotating the workpiece while heating, enabling the workpiece to contact with the inner necking processing die and move relatively, generating friction heating, extruding and flanging the processing end, and shaping the processing end, characterized in that: the inner shrinking mouth processing mould is made of hard materials, meanwhile, the rotation linear speed of a workpiece is 2-15m/s, and the extrusion pressure is 5-150 kg/square meter.
5. The method for processing the inner necking in the workpiece according to claim 4, wherein: the rotation linear speed of the workpiece is 2-10m/s.
6. The method for processing the inner necking in the workpiece according to claim 4, wherein: the workpiece rotation linear speed is 2.5m/s.
7. The method for processing the inner necking in the workpiece according to claim 4, wherein: the extrusion pressure was 30 kg/square meter.
8. The method for processing the inner necking in the workpiece according to claim 4, wherein: and (3) forming a notch in the through hole on the shaped workpiece, and then forming the workpiece by tapping.
9. The method for processing an inner necking in a workpiece according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: the workpiece is a pressure vessel or a pipe fitting, the pressure vessel comprises a sinus gas tank, a hydraulic tank, a storage tank, a pressure bottle and a fire extinguisher, and the pipe fitting comprises a steel pipe, an alloy pipe, a cracking pipe and a copper pipe.
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| CN107639172B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2023-06-27 | 南昌航空大学 | Forming method and device for simultaneously realizing pipe end necking thickening |
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| CN110116171A (en) | 2019-08-13 |
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