CN110105769B - POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and relates to POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof. The silicone rubber comprises the following raw materials: silicon rubber, white carbon black, hyperbranched POSS, hydrogen-containing silicon oil and platinum catalyst. The hyperbranched POSS and the white carbon black have a synergistic enhancement effect on the silicone rubber, the crosslinking points of the silicone rubber are increased, and the crosslinking mode is centralized crosslinking, so that the hyperbranched POSS has an obvious effect on enhancing the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber. The POSS-reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber can reduce the tube breakage risk (through a peripheral central venous catheter, a lacrimal duct drainage tube, a lumbar cisterna drainage tube and the like) of a thinner silicone catheter, reduce corresponding complications and avoid secondary operation injury and medical disputes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high polymer materials.
Background
Silicone rubber is one of the most important products among silicone materials. The silicone rubber mainly comprises linear polysiloxane (or called base rubber and crude rubber), reinforcing filler, cross-linking agent, catalyst and other additives. All the components are mixed uniformly and can be processed into rubber compound, and the rubber compound is crosslinked (or called vulcanized and cured) under a certain condition, so that the initial high-viscosity plastic state is converted into an elastic state, and the vulcanized rubber with a three-dimensional network crosslinking structure is obtained.
It is well known that silicone rubber has many unique and excellent properties such as heat resistance, cold resistance, aging resistance (ozone aging resistance, thermal oxygen aging resistance, photo aging resistance, weather aging resistance, etc.), electrical insulation properties, and special surface properties. Since the silicone rubber has excellent properties which are not possessed by common rubber, the silicone rubber is developed rapidly in the fields of basic research and application since the silicone rubber is successfully synthesized in 1945 as a special synthetic rubber, is widely applied in the national economy fields of aerospace, traffic, automobiles, chemical engineering, electronics, electricity, construction, medical treatment and the like, and becomes an irreplaceable advanced material. However, compared with most common rubbers, the currently available silicone rubbers have poor physical and mechanical properties and low strength, which limits the application range of silicone rubbers to a certain extent. Therefore, how to effectively improve the physical and mechanical properties of the silicone rubber and obtain the silicone rubber capable of meeting the requirements of practical application is an important research topic in the field of silicone rubber.
The cage type oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a molecular-level hollow cage type nano compound with the diameter of 1-3 nm, which is formed by an inorganic Si-O framework and peripheral organic groups. POSS has a unique structure and excellent performance, and can be used for improving the performance of silicon rubber by physical blending, chemical copolymerization and the like, and the physical mechanical property and the thermal stability of the high-temperature vulcanized salicide rubber can be remarkably improved by forming a centralized crosslinking effect in a crosslinking system.
Chinese patent CN103113592A discloses a multifunctional POSS modified silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that POSS containing single/double/triple/four active functional groups is respectively introduced into a polysiloxane molecular chain through chemical copolymerization to obtain the POSS modified silicone rubber with the POSS as a pendant group, a block and a crosslinking point. POSS is introduced into a molecular chain of a siloxane oligomer through chemical copolymerization to enable chemical bonds to be generated between the POSS and polysiloxane, then the obtained POSS modified polysiloxane oligomer is uniformly dispersed in high molecular weight polysiloxane crude rubber through physical blending, and then co-crosslinking is carried out to obtain the POSS modified polysiloxane rubber composite material, so that the mechanical property of the silicone rubber is improved. Chinese patent CN107722281A discloses a base POSS reinforced and crosslinked silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof, specifically, cyclic carbonate containing vinyl and cage octa-poly (sparse propyl) silsesquioxane (SH-POSS) are synthesized into cyclic carbonate modified POSS through a sparse-ene reaction to serve as a reinforcing filler, alpha, omega-amino alkyl polysiloxane serves as a base rubber, a cyclic carbonate group on the POSS is utilized to react with an amino group in the base rubber to form a crosslinking curing center, and room-temperature or high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is prepared, so that the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are enhanced.
This patent adopts hyperbranched POSS to strengthen silicon rubber, for CN103113592A and CN107722281A the method, the little particle size particle of the big particle size particle that has hyperbranched POSS and white carbon black can play the effect of reinforcing in coordination to silicon rubber to through physics winding and chemical crosslinking effect, make hyperbranched POSS strengthen silicon rubber have the cross-linking point many, and concentrate the characteristics of cross-linking, have obvious effect to the mechanical properties reinforcing of silicon rubber. After the mechanical strength of the silicon rubber is improved, the risk of tube breakage of the thinner silicon rubber catheter (through a peripheral central venous catheter, a lacrimal duct drainage tube, a lumbar cisterna magna drainage tube and the like) can be reduced, corresponding complications are reduced, and secondary operation injury and medical disputes are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of insufficient mechanical properties of common silicone rubber, the invention provides POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) -reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber and a preparation method thereof. The hyperbranched POSS reinforced silicone rubber is adopted, not only can the multi-branched chain segment of the hyperbranched POSS be physically wound and intensively crosslinked with the siloxane chain segment, but also more functional double bonds on the hyperbranched POSS can be utilized to realize the centralized chemical crosslinking of siloxane, and the large-particle-size particles of the hyperbranched POSS and the small-particle-size particles of the white carbon black can play a role in synergistically reinforcing the silicone rubber, compared with CN103113592A, CN107722281A and the traditional silicone rubber, the silicone rubber provided by the invention has the advantages of strong mechanical property, good biocompatibility and high safety. Can be widely applied to various fields, in particular to the medical field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a POSS reinforced high mechanical property silicon rubber is characterized in that: the POSS-reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber consists of silicone rubber, hyperbranched POSS, hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a platinum catalyst, and the POSS-reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber comprises the following components in parts by mass:
the silicon rubber is one or more of methyl vinyl silicon rubber and methyl vinyl phenyl silicon rubber.
The Shore A hardness of the silicon rubber is 10-80 degrees.
The hyperbranched POSS is as follows: the molecular formula of the hyperbranched polymer obtained by crosslinking POSS through chemical bonds is ABnThe polymer of (1). N in the formula: greater than or equal to 2, the chemical bond is: one or more of an ether linkage, an ester linkage, a urethane linkage, or an amide linkage. The structural formula is shown in figure 4.
The hyperbranched polymer, namely A in the molecular formula is: one of polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM), polyamidoamine dendrimer (polyamine), polylysine dendrimer (PLL), poly (2, 2-t (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid) dendrimer (bis-MPA), polyester dendrimer (PGLSA-OH), polyethyleneimine dendrimer (PEI), and polypropyleneimine dendrimer (PPI) has a molecular weight of 5000-. The POSS, namely B in the molecular formula, is as follows: polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing at least 1 vinyl functional group.
The white carbon black is one or more of silane modified white carbon black, gas phase white carbon black and precipitation white carbon black.
The hydrogen-containing silicone oil is as follows: hydrogen-containing silicone oil containing 1-2% of active hydrogen.
The platinum catalyst is as follows: chloroplatinic acid/olefin complex, chloroplatinic acid/olefin siloxane complex, and chloroplatinic acid/divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the hyperbranched POSS reinforced and crosslinked high-mechanical-property silicone rubber, which comprises the following specific steps: and (2) banburying the hyperbranched POSS and the silicon rubber uniformly in a banbury mixer, and then taking the banburied silicon rubber and adding a small amount of hydrogen-containing silicon oil and platinum catalyst in turn in multiple batches on an open rubber mixer. And after all the components are mixed uniformly, thinly passing the mixture for three times, and finally vulcanizing the mixed rubber on a flat rubber vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 190 ℃ for 5-15min to obtain the medical silicon rubber with high mechanical property.
The invention has the advantages of
The hyperbranched POSS is used as the crosslinking agent of the silicone rubber, so that the multi-branched chain segment of the hyperbranched POSS and the siloxane chain segment can be used for carrying out physical winding concentrated physical crosslinking, and more functional double bonds on the hyperbranched POSS can be used for realizing the concentrated chemical crosslinking of the siloxane. In addition, the hyperbranched POSS particles with large particle size and the white carbon black particles with small particle size can play a role in synergistic enhancement on the silicone rubber. The invention realizes more concentrated crosslinking (physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking) of the silicone rubber, so that the tensile strength of the silicone rubber reaches more than 9MPa, the tear strength reaches more than 45KN/m, and the silicone rubber has higher mechanical strength. The modified silicone rubber has good biocompatibility, and the application range of the silicone rubber in the fields of high mechanical property and medical use is enlarged.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a hyperbranched POSS.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a hexahedral silsesquioxane, which may contain more than 1 double bond, with one and 7 double bonds as shown, where A is a hyperbranched polymer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of hyperbranched POSS-reinforced silicone rubber, in which not only the multi-branched chain segment of hyperbranched POSS and the siloxane chain segment are physically entangled to perform centralized physical crosslinking, but also more functional double bonds on hyperbranched POSS can be utilized to realize centralized chemical crosslinking of siloxane.
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of hyperbranched POSS.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention is specifically described and further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the invention described above.
Test criteria used in the examples:
tensile strength: determination of tensile stress strain property of GBT 528-2009 vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber
Tear strength: determination of the tear Strength of GBT 529-
Cytotoxicity test: GBT 16886.5-2017 in vitro cytotoxicity test
Delayed type hypersensitivity and intradermal stimulation test: GBT 16886.10-2017 medical device biological evaluation part 10: irritation and skin sensitization test
Example 1: 5g of hyperbranched POSS (the hyperbranched polymer is polyamide-amine dendritic Polymer (PAMAM), the branch chain is 18, the molecular weight is 500000, and the molecular formula is AB18B in the molecular formula is polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing 4 vinyl functional groups, a linking bond of POSS and a hyperbranched polymer is an amido bond), 5g of fumed silica and 100g of methyl vinyl phenyl silicone rubber with the hardness of 70A are uniformly mixed in an internal mixer, and then 4g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil with the active hydrogen content of 1.5 percent and 3.5g of chloroplatinic acid/olefin complex are sequentially added into the mixed silicone rubber in a small amount and multiple batches on an open rubber mixer. And (3) after all the components are mixed uniformly, thinly passing the mixture for three times, and finally vulcanizing the mixed rubber on a flat rubber vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 170 ℃ for 10min to obtain the medical silicon rubber with high mechanical property.
Example 2: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: hyperbranched polymerizationThe product is polyamide type dendritic polymer (polyamine), has branch chain of 120, molecular weight of 1000000, and molecular formula of AB120、In the molecular formula, B is polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing 1 vinyl functional group, the linking bond of POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is an ester bond, and the mass of the hyperbranched POSS is 10 g.
Example 3: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: the hyperbranched polymer is polylysine type dendritic Polymer (PLL), has branch chain of 4, molecular weight of 5000, and molecular formula of AB4、In the molecular formula, B is polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing 8 vinyl functional groups, the linking bond of POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is a urethane bond, and the mass of the hyperbranched POSS is 0.01 g.
Example 4: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: the hyperbranched polymer is poly (2, 2-tertiary (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid) dendritic polymer (bis-MPA), and the chain bond of POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is ether bond; hydrogen-containing silicone oil: the active hydrogen content is 1 percent, and the mass is 6 g; the platinum catalyst is: 2g of chloroplatinic acid/alkenylsiloxane complex.
Example 5: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: the hyperbranched polymer is polyester dendritic polymer (PGLSA-OH), and the linking bond between POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is ether bond; hydrogen-containing silicone oil: the active hydrogen content is 2 percent, and the mass is 2 g; the platinum catalyst is: 5g of chloroplatinic acid/divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex.
Example 6: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: the linking bond of the polyethyleneimine dendritic Polymer (PEI), the POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is an amido bond; the vulcanization temperature is 150 ℃, and the vulcanization time is 15 min.
Example 7: the steps are identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS: the chain connecting bond of the polypropylene imine type dendritic polymer (PPI), POSS and the hyperbranched polymer is an amine ester bond; the vulcanization temperature is 190 ℃ and the vulcanization time is 5 min.
Example 8: the procedure was identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS was added in an amount of 0.01 g.
Example 9: the procedure was identical to example 1, except that the hyperbranched POSS was added in an amount of 0.10 g.
Comparative example 1: the steps are identical to example 1, except that no hyperbranched POSS is added.
Comparative example 2: the procedure is identical to example 1, but with the difference that the hydrogen-containing silicone oil: the active hydrogen content is 0.5 percent, and the mass is 1 g; the platinum catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
Comparative example 3: the procedure is identical to example 1, except that the vulcanization temperature is 140 ℃ and the vulcanization time is 4 min.
The mechanical properties of inventive examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
As shown in Table 1, the tear strength and tensile strength of examples 1 to 7 were 45KN/m or more and 9MPa or more, respectively, and they had high mechanical strength. It can be seen from examples 1-3 that the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber by the hyperbranched POSS is mainly determined by the vinyl density and the total content, and the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are gradually enhanced with the gradual increase of the vinyl density and the total content in examples 3, 1 and 2. From examples 1, 4 and 5, it can be seen that the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are related to the total active hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil and the addition amount of the platinum catalyst, and that the higher the total active hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is, the stronger the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are, and the higher the addition amount of the platinum catalyst is, the stronger the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are. It can be seen from examples 1, 6 and 7 that the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are related to the temperature and time of the vulcanization process, and when the temperature is low and the vulcanization time is short, the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are weak without complete vulcanization, while when the vulcanization of the silicone rubber is complete, the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber are less affected by the vulcanization temperature and the vulcanization time. It is clear from examples 1, 8 and 9 that the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber increased and then decreased with increasing amounts of hyperbranched POSS added.
Compared with the examples 1-7, the hyperbranched POSS of the comparative example 1 is only added by 0.0001g, and the hyperbranched POSS has a reinforcing effect on the silicon rubber and plays roles in physical winding centralized crosslinking and chemical centralized crosslinking, so that the tensile strength and the tear strength are lower; comparative example 2 only added 1g active hydrogen content for 0.5% hydrogen silicone oil and 1g platinum catalyst, when its vulcanization, was not completely vulcanized, which shows that the hydrogen silicone oil and platinum catalyst need to reach a certain amount to make silicone rubber achieve the vulcanization purpose. In comparative example 3, vulcanization conditions of 140 ℃ and 4min were adopted, and the obtained vulcanizate had poor properties because under the vulcanization conditions, the silicone rubber was not completely vulcanized.
The safety tests of examples 1 to 7 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the cytotoxicity tests, delayed type hypersensitivity and intradermal stimulation tests of examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-3 are all qualified, which indicates that the high mechanical medical silicone rubber of the present invention has better biocompatibility. And even if the silicon rubber is not completely vulcanized, the biocompatibility of the silicon rubber is not influenced.
In conclusion, the high-mechanical-property medical silicon rubber prepared by the invention not only has good mechanical property, but also has the characteristics of no toxicity, no stimulation and high safety to organisms.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the description as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A POSS reinforced high mechanical property silicon rubber is characterized in that: the POSS-reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber consists of silicone rubber, white carbon black, hyperbranched POSS, hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a platinum catalyst, wherein the POSS-reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of silicon rubber, 1-10 parts of white carbon black, 0.01-10 parts of hyperbranched POSS, 2-6 parts of hydrogen-containing silicone oil and 2-5 parts of platinum catalyst;
the molecular formula of the hyperbranched POSS is AB, wherein the hyperbranched POSS is obtained by crosslinking POSS through chemical bondsnN in the molecular formula is more than or equal to 2, and the chemical bond is one or more of ether bond, ester bond, urethane bond or amido bond;
a in the molecular formula is: one of polyamide-amine type dendritic polymer, polyamide type dendritic polymer, polylysine type dendritic polymer, poly (2, 2-tertiary (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid) dendritic polymer, polyester type dendritic polymer, polyethyleneimine type dendritic polymer and polypropyleneimine type dendritic polymer, the molecular weight of which is 5000-1000000 daltons, and at least 4 branches; the POSS, namely B in the molecular formula, is as follows: polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing at least 1 vinyl functional group.
2. The POSS reinforced high mechanical silicone rubber of claim 1 wherein: the silicon rubber is one or more of methyl vinyl silicon rubber and methyl vinyl phenyl silicon rubber.
3. The POSS reinforced high mechanical silicone rubber of claim 1 wherein: the Shore A hardness of the silicon rubber is 10-80 degrees.
4. The POSS reinforced high mechanical silicone rubber of claim 1 wherein: the white carbon black is one or more of silane modified white carbon black, gas phase white carbon black and precipitation white carbon black.
5. The POSS reinforced high mechanical silicone rubber of claim 1 wherein: the hydrogen-containing silicone oil is as follows: hydrogen-containing silicone oil containing 1-2% of active hydrogen.
6. The POSS reinforced high mechanical silicone rubber of claim 1 wherein: the platinum catalyst is as follows: chloroplatinic acid/olefin complex, chloroplatinic acid/olefin siloxane complex, and chloroplatinic acid/divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex.
7. The preparation method of the POSS reinforced high mechanical property silicone rubber as set forth in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the specific steps of: the hyperbranched POSS, the white carbon black and the silicon rubber are banburied uniformly in a banbury mixer, and then the banburied silicon rubber is taken out to be added with hydrogen-containing silicon oil and platinum catalyst in turn in a small amount and multiple batches on an open rubber mixing mill; and after all the components are mixed uniformly, thinly passing the mixture for three times, and finally vulcanizing the mixed rubber on a flat rubber vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150-190 ℃ for 5-15min to obtain the POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) reinforced high-mechanical-property silicone rubber.
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