CN110105121A - A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization - Google Patents
A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110105121A CN110105121A CN201910305456.1A CN201910305456A CN110105121A CN 110105121 A CN110105121 A CN 110105121A CN 201910305456 A CN201910305456 A CN 201910305456A CN 110105121 A CN110105121 A CN 110105121A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0084—Guluromannuronans, e.g. alginic acid, i.e. D-mannuronic acid and D-guluronic acid units linked with alternating alpha- and beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds; Derivatives thereof, e.g. alginates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to marine resources processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps: (1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, heats, centrifugation obtains liquid a and solid b；Will be dry after liquid a concentration, seaweed pigment is made；(2) alginic acid extracts: complex enzyme and sodium carbonate is added in the solid b, is heated, centrifugation obtains liquid c and solid d；Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, precipitating is collected by centrifugation, diluted alkaline dissolution is added, diluted acid precipitates again, diluted alkaline dissolution, and it is dry after gained liquid concentration, alginic acid is made；(3) biological organic fertilizer produces: the solid d being carried out solid fermentation, is granulated after fermenting completely and biological organic fertilizer is made.The present invention realizes the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of seaweed, has obtained multi-products, improves the synthesis added value of seaweed, while reducing waste generation, alleviates environmental protection pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine resources processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization.
Background technique
Alginic acid is the main component of alginic cell wall and cytoplasm, be by β-D-1,4- mannuronic acid and α-L-1,
The linear polymer of 4- guluronic acid composition, usually extracts from kelp, sargassum and is obtained, can be applicable to medicine, food, agriculture
The multiple fields such as industry, chemical industry.Alginic acid can be used as pharmaceutical carrier in medicine, while can also control to develop cardiovascular and cerebrovascular
Treat the objects such as drug, kidney failure medication, reducing blood pressure and blood fat medicine.It can be used as functional food additives in food, can be used to make
Standby blood-fat-reducing beverage, hypertension and hyperlipemia cake etc..In addition, alginic acid also acts as microcapsules preparation, artificial tooth mold materials etc..With
The continuous expansion of alginic acid application range, it is also more and more to the research of seaweed acid-extraction.
In seaweed contain pigment composition more higher than terrestrial plant content, can be divided into chlorophyll, carrotene, lutein and
Four major class such as phycobilin.The natural pigment extracted from seaweed without any toxicity and side effects, while seaweed pigment have good antioxygen
Change ability.As interest of the consumer to wholefood increasingly increases, the demand of natural pigment is increasing, the city of seaweed pigment
Field prospect is limitless.
Into decades development is crossed, the country also reaches its maturity to the extraction process of alginic acid at present, but and external technology
Technique is mainly shown as high production cost, technique are cumbersome, degradation is serious, yield is relatively low etc. there is also certain gap.It is related at present
Seaweed, which extracts alginic acid and the patent of seaweed pigment, to be had:
Number of patent application 201711397708.5, a kind of comprehensive side for extracting algal polysaccharides, seeweed polyphenol and fucoxanthine
Method.The invention belongs to the extractive technique field of marine natural products, and seaweed raw material adds flooding after pretreatment, collects mention respectively
Taking liquid and residue, ethyl alcohol is added to final concentration 20-30% in extracting solution after being concentrated under reduced pressure, collect precipitating, dry fucoidin, on
Clear liquid continuously adds ethyl alcohol to final concentration 70-80%, collects precipitating, dry algal polysaccharide sulfate: seaweed extract after it is residual
Slag adds 80-90% ethyl alcohol to extract, and collects extracting solution in 4 DEG C of left undisturbed overnights after alcohol extract reduced pressure and precipitating is collected by filtration,
Pellet frozen it is dry fucoxanthine crude product, macroporous absorbent resin on filtered supernatant, washed with impurities, the second of 50-90%
Alcohol elution, eluent are concentrated under reduced pressure recycling ethyl alcohol, are freeze-dried to obtain seeweed polyphenol.The invented technology process is simple, while primary
It is comprehensive to extract separation acquisition multiple product, realize the high-valued comprehensive utilization of seaweed.
Number of patent application: 201510041745.7, a kind of technique of sodium alginate extraction.First by complex enzyme to kelp
Or brown alga carries out enzymatic treatment, then passes through classical chemical method sodium alginate extraction, including pretreatment process；Digest work
Sequence；Digest process；Separation process；Acid out process；Alkali-soluble acid analysis process.The invention extraction process recovery rate is high, and extracts
Sodium alginate viscosity is high, has prospects for commercial application.
Number of patent application: 201510903408.4, a method of extracting alginate in brown alga.The disclosure of the invention one
The method that kind extracts alginate in brown alga, step are that brown alga is impregnated, is crushed after cleaning, are added in broken brown alga
Complex enzyme is digested, and is separated by solid-liquid separation to the material after enzymatic hydrolysis, and sodium carbonate is added in solid after isolation and water carries out
Conversion reaction, sodium alginate extraction.The invention removes a large amount of protein, cellulose in seaweed by impregnating, digesting and separate
Etc. subsequent handlings are being not readily separated, organic matter that influence alginic acid salt quality, improve the transparency of the alginate of extraction and viscous
Degree.
Number of patent application: 201610344745.9, it is a kind of to extract fucoidin, alginic acid, mannitol and kelp meals simultaneously
Eat the enzyme solution of fiber.It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: kelp raw material is smashed first, is soaked in water；Then plus
Enter complex enzyme A and carry out a step complex enzyme hydrolysis, adds complex enzyme B and carry out two step complex enzyme hydrolysis；It again will be after two step complex enzyme hydrolysis
Enzymolysis liquid enzyme deactivation it is living, be separated by solid-liquid separation, obtained solid is kelp dietary fiber crude product, and obtained liquid is used to extract
Alginic acid, fucoidin and mannitol；Wherein, the enzyme A includes cellulase, hemicellulase, pectase, amylase, wood
Dextranase, alkali cellulose enzyme, pentosanase, dextranase, any four in feruloyl esterase or four kinds or more；It is described multiple
Synthase B includes alkali protease, neutral proteinase, papain, trypsase, acid protease, one in pepsin
Kind is two kinds any.
Number of patent application: 201410060260.8, a method of extracting high-purity fucoxanthin from seaweed.The invention
A kind of method that high-purity fucoxanthin is extracted from seaweed is disclosed, feature is to include by seaweed removal table wash with distilled water
Face salt ion, the step of then removing its surface moisture；Organic reagent is added into seaweed again, extracts 8-24 hours in the dark
After filter, obtain leaching liquor；Extraction is until leaching liquor is colourless repeatedly, merges each secondary leaching liquor in the brown bottle the step of；Most back spin
After turning evaporation a period of time, occur blackish green precipitating in solution, filter, removes pigment impurity；Continue rotary evaporation, until solution
The step of middle precipitation red solid, filtration, obtained red solid is product, advantage are for the first time not using any chromatographic technique
Separation obtains safe and healthy, high-purity fucoxanthin raw material, and safe preparation process is less toxic, economic and environment-friendly.
In previously reported related patents, the ingredient such as extracted from raw material there are some problems is less, raw material it is comprehensive
Close that utilization rate is low or extraction process in largely using the organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol, the cost recovery of the organic solvents such as later period ethyl alcohol
It is higher, it is unfavorable for industrial applications etc..Therefore, it is necessary to one kind can be improved seaweed comprehensive utilization degree, and simple process, raw
Produce production method at low cost, safe and non-toxic.
The information disclosed in the background technology section is intended only to increase the understanding to general background of the invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art in any form.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned existing issue, the present invention provides a kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization.
Technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps:
(1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, heats, centrifugation obtains liquid a and solid
Body b；Will be dry after liquid a concentration, seaweed pigment is made；
(2) alginic acid extracts: complex enzyme and sodium carbonate is added in the solid b, is heated, centrifugation obtains liquid c and solid
d；Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, precipitating is collected by centrifugation, diluted alkaline dissolution is added, diluted acid precipitates again, diluted alkaline dissolution, institute
It is dried after obtaining liquid concentration, alginic acid is made；
(3) biological organic fertilizer produces: the solid d being mixed with other fermentation raw materials and is fermented, is granulated and biology is made
Organic fertilizer.
Preferably, ammonium sulfate additional amount is 0.5-1g/g sargassum powder in the step (1)；The additional amount of water is
10mL/g sargassum powder.
Preferably, addition ammonium sulfate and water are placed on warm bath 4-8h in 60-90 DEG C of water-bath in the step (1).
Preferably, complex enzyme is added in solid b described in the step (2), it is placed in warm bath 2- in 40-60 DEG C of water-bath
Sodium carbonate is added after 4h, is centrifuged after continuing warm bath 1-3h.
Preferably, complex enzyme described in the step (2) uses papain, the papain additional amount is
500-2000U/g seawood meal；Sodium carbonate additional amount is 0.1-0.2g/g seawood meal.
Preferably, diluted acid is hydrochlorate or sulfuric acid in the step (2), diluted acid pH < 3.0, diluted acid additional amount is the liquid
2 times of body c volume；Diluted alkaline is the NaOH or KOH solution of quality 0.5-1%.
Preferably, hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating is used in the step (1) and step (2) when liquid concentration, it is described
Doughnut retaining molecular weight is 10-100kDa, and crossing film pressure is 0.1-0.3MPa.
Preferably, using spray drying, the spray drying air inlet temperature when dry in the step (1) and step (2)
Degree is 150 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 110 DEG C.
Preferably, 100 parts of the solid d, 50 parts of bagasse, bean cake powder are taken in the step (3) by weight
100 parts, 80 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of peat soil, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of trichoderma, 2 parts of aspergillus oryzae
Solid fermentation is carried out after mixing with 2 parts of aspergillus niger, solid fermentation initial water content is 40-60%, and sample moisture content is after fermentation
20-30%.
Preferably, earlier fermentation, fermentation heap temperature rises, and controls temperature by turning and is maintained at 60-70 DEG C, continues 10
More than it；It ferments the later period, the decline of fermentation heap temperature maintains the temperature at 30-40 DEG C, continues 10 days or more
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) seaweed pigment, alginic acid and biological organic fertilizer can be made in preparation process through the invention, effectively improve horse
The comprehensive utilization ratio of tail algae improves it and integrates added value, while reducing the generation of solid waste, mitigates environmental pressure.
(2) preparation process of the invention is simply scientific, safe and non-toxic, and production cost is low, is conducive to industrial applications.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, it is to be understood that guarantor of the invention
Shield range is not limited by the specific implementation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps:
(1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, is placed in warm bath in 60 DEG C of water-bath
4h, centrifugation, obtains liquid a and solid b；By the liquid a using being spray-dried after hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating, seaweed is made
Pigment；
(2) alginic acid extracts: papain is added in the solid b, is placed in warm bath 2h in 40 DEG C of water-bath
After be added sodium carbonate, be centrifuged after continuing warm bath 1h, obtain liquid c and solid d；Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, centrifugation is received
Diluted alkaline dissolution is added in collection precipitating, and diluted acid precipitates again, and diluted alkaline dissolution, gained liquid sprays after using hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating
Mist is dry, and alginic acid is made；
(3) biological organic fertilizer produce: take by weight solid d 100kg, bagasse 50kg, bean cake powder 100kg,
Plant ash 80kg, peat soil 40kg, bacillus subtilis 1kg, bacillus licheniformis 1kg, trichoderma 2kg, aspergillus oryzae 2kg and black song
Solid fermentation is carried out after mould 2kg mixing, is granulated and biological organic fertilizer is made.
Wherein, ammonium sulfate additional amount is 0.5g/g sargassum powder in the step (1)；The additional amount of water is 10mL/g horse hair
Algae powder；Papain additional amount described in the step (2) is 500U/g seawood meal, and sodium carbonate additional amount is 0.1g/g seaweed
Powder, the diluted acid are hydrochlorate, and hydrochloric acid pH=1.5, diluted acid additional amount is 2 times of the liquid c volume, and the diluted alkaline is quality
0.5% NaOH solution；Doughnut retaining molecular weight described in the step (1) and step (2) is 10kDa, crosses membrane pressure
Power is 0.1MPa, and the spray drying EAT is 150 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 110 DEG C；Solid fermentation in the step (3)
Initial water content is 40%, and sample moisture content is 20% after fermentation, and earlier fermentation, fermentation heap temperature rises, and is controlled by turning
Temperature is maintained at 60 DEG C, continues 15d；It ferments the later period, the decline of fermentation heap temperature maintains the temperature at 30 DEG C, continues 18d.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps:
(1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, is placed in warm bath in 75 DEG C of water-bath
6h, centrifugation, obtains liquid a and solid b；By the liquid a using being spray-dried after hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating, seaweed is made
Pigment；
(2) alginic acid extracts: papain is added in the solid b, is placed in warm bath 3h in 50 DEG C of water-bath
After be added sodium carbonate, be centrifuged after continuing warm bath 2h, obtain liquid c and solid d；Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, centrifugation is received
Diluted alkaline dissolution is added in collection precipitating, and diluted acid precipitates again, and diluted alkaline dissolution, gained liquid sprays after using hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating
Mist is dry, and alginic acid is made；
(3) biological organic fertilizer produce: take by weight solid d 100kg, bagasse 50kg, bean cake powder 100kg,
Plant ash 80kg, peat soil 40kg, bacillus subtilis 1kg, bacillus licheniformis 1kg, trichoderma 2kg, aspergillus oryzae 2kg and black song
Solid fermentation is carried out after mould 2kg mixing, is granulated and biological organic fertilizer is made.
Wherein, ammonium sulfate additional amount is 0.75g/g sargassum powder in the step (1)；The additional amount of water is 10mL/g horse
Tail algae powder；Papain additional amount described in the step (2) is 1250U/g seawood meal, and sodium carbonate additional amount is 0.15g/g
Seawood meal, the diluted acid are sulfuric acid, and sulfuric acid pH=1.8, diluted acid additional amount is 2 times of the liquid c volume, and the diluted alkaline is matter
The KOH solution of amount 0.75%；Doughnut retaining molecular weight described in the step (1) and step (2) is 55kDa, crosses film
Pressure is 0.2MPa, and the spray drying EAT is 150 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 110 DEG C；Solid is sent out in the step (3)
Ferment initial water content is 50%, and sample moisture content is 25% after fermentation, and earlier fermentation, fermentation heap temperature rises, and passes through turning control
Temperature processed is maintained at 65 DEG C, continues 20d days or more；It ferments the later period, the decline of fermentation heap temperature maintains the temperature at 35 DEG C, continues 30d
More than it.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, comprising the following steps:
(1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, is placed in warm bath in 90 DEG C of water-bath
8h, centrifugation, obtains liquid a and solid b；By the liquid a using being spray-dried after hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating, seaweed is made
Pigment；
(2) alginic acid extracts: papain is added in the solid b, is placed in warm bath 4h in 60 DEG C of water-bath
After be added sodium carbonate, be centrifuged after continuing warm bath 3h, obtain liquid c and solid d；Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, centrifugation is received
Diluted alkaline dissolution is added in collection precipitating, and diluted acid precipitates again, and diluted alkaline dissolution, gained liquid sprays after using hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating
Mist is dry, and alginic acid is made；
(3) biological organic fertilizer produce: take by weight solid d 100kg, bagasse 50kg, bean cake powder 100kg,
Plant ash 80kg, peat soil 40kg, bacillus subtilis 1kg, bacillus licheniformis 1kg, trichoderma 2kg, aspergillus oryzae 2kg and black song
Solid fermentation is carried out after mould 2kg mixing, is granulated and biological organic fertilizer is made.
Wherein, ammonium sulfate additional amount is 1g/g sargassum powder in the step (1)；The additional amount of water is 10mL/g sargassum
Powder；Papain additional amount described in the step (2) is 2000U/g seawood meal, and sodium carbonate additional amount is 0.2g/g seaweed
Powder, the diluted acid are hydrochlorate, and hydrochloric acid pH=2.6, diluted acid additional amount is 2 times of the liquid c volume, and the diluted alkaline is quality
1% NaOH solution；Doughnut retaining molecular weight described in the step (1) and step (2) is 100kDa, crosses film pressure
For 0.3MPa, the spray drying EAT is 150 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 110 DEG C；In the step (3) at the beginning of solid fermentation
Beginning water content is 60%, and sample moisture content is 30% after fermentation, and earlier fermentation, fermentation heap temperature rises, and controls temperature by turning
Degree is maintained at 70 DEG C, continues 28g；It ferments the later period, the decline of fermentation heap temperature maintains the temperature at 40 DEG C, continues 35d.
The aforementioned description to specific exemplary embodiment of the invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining specific principle of the invention and its actually answering
With so that those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes of the invention and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sargassum method of comprehensive utilization, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seaweed pigment extracts: ammonium sulfate and water being added after sargassum is crushed, heats, centrifugation obtains liquid a and solid b；
Will be dry after liquid a concentration, seaweed pigment is made；
(2) alginic acid extracts: complex enzyme and sodium carbonate is added in the solid b, is heated, centrifugation obtains liquid c and solid d；It will
Diluted acid precipitating is added in the liquid c, and precipitating is collected by centrifugation, and diluted alkaline dissolution is added, and diluted acid precipitates again, diluted alkaline dissolution, gained liquid
It is dry after body concentration, alginic acid is made；
(3) biological organic fertilizer produces: the solid d being mixed with other fermentation raw materials and is fermented, is granulated and biological organic is made
Fertilizer.
2. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ammonium sulfate adds in the step (1)
Entering amount is 0.5-1g/g sargassum powder；The additional amount of water is 10mL/g sargassum powder.
3. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sulfuric acid is added in the step (1)
Ammonium and water are placed on warm bath 4-8h in 60-90 DEG C of water-bath.
4. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solid b described in the step (2)
Complex enzyme is added, is placed in 40-60 DEG C of water-bath and sodium carbonate is added after warm bath 2-4h, is centrifuged after continuing warm bath 1-3h.
5. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that compound described in the step (2)
Enzyme uses papain, and the papain additional amount is 500-2000U/g seawood meal；Sodium carbonate additional amount is 0.1-
0.2g/g seawood meal.
6. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that diluted acid is acid in the step (2)
Salt or sulfuric acid, diluted acid pH < 3.0, diluted acid additional amount are 2 times of the liquid c volume；Diluted alkaline be quality 0.5-1% NaOH or
KOH solution.
7. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1) and step (2)
Hollow-fibre membrane filtering and concentrating is used when liquid concentration, the doughnut retaining molecular weight is 10-100kDa, crosses film pressure
For 0.1-0.3MPa.
8. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1) and step (2)
Using spray drying when dry, the spray drying EAT is 150 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 110 DEG C.
9. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3) by weight
Meter takes 100 parts of the solid d, 50 parts of bagasse, 100 parts of bean cake powder, 80 parts of plant ash, 40 parts of peat soil, bacillus subtilis
Solid fermentation is carried out after 1 part, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 2 parts of trichoderma, 2 parts of aspergillus oryzae and 2 parts of aspergillus niger mixing, at the beginning of solid fermentation
Beginning water content is 40-60%, and sample moisture content is 20-30% after fermentation.
10. sargassum method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 9, which is characterized in that earlier fermentation, in fermentation heap temperature
It rises, temperature is controlled by turning and is maintained at 60-70 DEG C, continues 10 days or more；It ferments the later period, the decline of fermentation heap temperature keeps temperature
Degree continues 10 days or more at 30-40 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110760201A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-07 | 杭州彩润科技有限公司 | Method for efficient submerged fermentation extraction and comprehensive utilization of isatis root vegetable dye |
| CN111908966A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-11-10 | 青岛明月蓝海生物科技有限公司 | Brown algae polyphenol trace element compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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