CN110087004A - A kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium - Google Patents
A kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110087004A CN110087004A CN201910330446.3A CN201910330446A CN110087004A CN 110087004 A CN110087004 A CN 110087004A CN 201910330446 A CN201910330446 A CN 201910330446A CN 110087004 A CN110087004 A CN 110087004A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/71—Charge-coupled device [CCD] sensors; Charge-transfer registers specially adapted for CCD sensors
- H04N25/75—Circuitry for providing, modifying or processing image signals from the pixel array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/772—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium, monochrome polarization type CIS includes: to arrange the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one photodiode PD column in preset direction, and sub-wavelength pixel unit is used for the RGB monochromatic light polarized using the imaging optical signal that PD column absorbs preset wavelength in preset direction；The image processor connecting with sub-wavelength pixel unit for determining polarization information using RGB monochromatic light, and obtains the corresponding polarization image of imaging optical signal based on polarization information.
Description
Technical field
This application involves field of image processings more particularly to a kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage to be situated between
Matter.
Background technique
Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS, Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) figure
Picture sensor (CIS, CMOS Image Sensor) has the characteristics that integrated level height, small power consumption, speed are fast and at low cost, in height
It is widely used in terms of definition pixel product.CIS includes monochromatic polarization and both forms of Color Polarization, and monochromatic polarization due to
Without carrying out the colors countenance in later period, so that the imaging efficiency of monochromatic polarization ratio Color Polarization is high, therefore, monochrome polarization is in practice
Application it is more extensive.
The structure of existing monochrome polarization type CIS is as shown in Figure 1, include microlens array, polarizer array and pixel battle array
Column, wherein each pixel includes photodiode (PD, a Photo Diode) structure, and an angle is placed in PD structure
Polarizing film, every four pixels placed the polarizing film of four different angles respectively, single using every four pixels as a calculating
Member calculates polarization degree and polarization direction by the association between different directions polarizer, and then according to polarization degree and polarization
Direction obtains polarization image.
However, existing monochrome polarization type CIS needs to place the polarizing film of four different angles on four PD columns, wherein
Each pixel can only absorb the polarised light of an angle, when wavelength the sum of of the wavelength of imaging optical signal less than four pixels,
The quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium, can be improved monochrome
The quantum efficiency of polarization type CIS.
The technical solution of the application is achieved in that
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of monochromatic polarization type cmos image sensor CIS, special
Sign is that the monochrome polarization type CIS includes:
It arranges the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one photodiode PD column in preset direction, the sub-wavelength pixel list
The RGB monochromatic light that imaging optical signal of the member for absorbing preset wavelength using PD column is polarized in the preset direction；
The image processor being connect with the sub-wavelength pixel unit, for determining to polarize using the RGB monochromatic light
Information, and the corresponding polarization image of the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the Pixel Dimensions of the sub-wavelength pixel unit are less than the preset wavelength.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the size of the PD column is based on monochromatic resonant wavelength and the imaging
What the refractive index of signal determined, the shape of the PD column includes at least rectangle, circle, parallelogram and diamond shape.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the dimensioning rank of the PD column is hundred nano-scale, the preset direction row
The size and shape of at least one PD column of cloth are identical.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the preset direction includes at least 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the monochrome polarization type CIS further include: connect at least one described PD column
Reading circuit, the reading circuit connect with described image processor；
At least one described PD column, specifically for the RGB monochromatic light to be converted to the electric signal of the preset direction；
The reading circuit obtains RAW data for the electric signal of the preset direction to be converted to digital signal, and
The RAW data are transmitted to described image processor；
Described image processor is polarized specifically for being associated the RAW data by default interrelational form
Degree and polarization direction using the polarization degree and the polarization direction as the polarization information, and are believed according to the polarization
Breath obtains the polarization image.
In above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS, the monochrome polarization type CIS further include: connect with the sub-wavelength pixel unit
The lens unit connect；
The lens unit is focused for the imaging optical signal to the preset wavelength.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of image processing method, is applied to monochromatic polarization type CIS, the monochrome polarization type
It is provided on CIS and arranges the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one PD column in preset direction, the preset direction arrangement is at least
The size and shape of one PD column are identical, which comprises
When getting the imaging optical signal of preset wavelength, inhaled using at least one PD column of the sub-wavelength pixel unit
Receive the RGB monochromatic light that the imaging optical signal is polarized in preset direction；
Polarization information is determined using the RGB monochromatic light, and the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information
Corresponding polarization image.
It is in the above-mentioned methods, described to determine polarization information using the RGB monochromatic light, comprising:
The RGB monochromatic light is converted to the electric signal of the preset direction；
The electric signal of the preset direction is converted into digital signal, obtains RAW data；
By presetting interrelational form, the RAW data are associated, the polarization information is obtained.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, is applied to monochromatic polarization type
CIS, which is characterized in that the computer program realizes method as described in any one of the above embodiments when being executed by processor.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium, monochrome polarization
Formula CIS includes: to arrange the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one photodiode PD column in preset direction, sub-wavelength pixel unit
The RGB monochromatic light that imaging optical signal for absorbing preset wavelength using PD column is polarized in preset direction；With sub-wavelength pixel list
The image processor of member connection for determining polarization information using RGB monochromatic light, and obtains imaging letter based on polarization information
Number corresponding polarization image.Using above-mentioned monochromatic polarization type CIS implementation, each sub-wavelength pixel unit can absorb multiple
The monochromatic light of angle polarization, and the wavelength of sub-wavelength pixel unit is less than the preset wavelength of imaging optical signal, so that improving list
The quantum efficiency of chromatic polarization formula CIS；The structure of PD column can be realized optical resonance, and absorption efficiency is tied much higher than traditional PD
Structure, and then can be improved the quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for monochromatic polarization type CIS that the prior art proposes；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of monochromatic polarization type CIS provided by the embodiments of the present application a kind of；
Fig. 3 is a kind of PD column layout viewing of illustrative sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of image processing method provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Specific embodiment
It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the application.It is not used to limit the application.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of monochromatic polarization type cmos image sensor CIS1, such as schemes
Shown in 2, monochrome polarization type CIS1 may include:
It arranges the sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 of at least one photodiode PD column 100 in preset direction, the sub-wavelength
Pixel unit is used for the RGB monochromatic light polarized using the imaging optical signal that PD column 100 absorbs preset wavelength in the preset direction；
The image processor 11 being connect with the sub-wavelength pixel unit 10, for being determined using the RGB monochromatic light
Polarization information, and the corresponding polarization image of the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information.
In the embodiment of the present application, the Pixel Dimensions of sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 are less than the corresponding default wave of imaging optical signal
It is long；Illustratively, in practical situations, the corresponding preset wavelength of imaging optical signal is 400nm, therefore, sub-wavelength pixel unit 10
Pixel be less than or equal to 400nm.
In the embodiment of the present application, arrange at least one PD column in each sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 along preset direction, it is more
A sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 constitutes sub-wavelength pixel array, and wherein sub-wavelength pixel array can be advised according to certain arrangement
Then arrange to sub-wavelength pixel unit 10, such as: the corresponding absorption RGB of every one-row pixels unit in sub-wavelength pixel array
A color or sub-wavelength pixel array in the corresponding RGB for absorbing an angle of every one-row pixels unit, specific root
It is selected according to actual conditions, the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
It, can be in one PD of each preset direction arrangement in a sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application
Column, or in the multiple PD columns of each preset direction arrangement, the number of each preset direction arrangement PD column can be according to the actual situation
It is selected, the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
Optionally, preset direction includes 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree, can specifically be increased according to the actual situation
It deletes, the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in figure 3, respectively along 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree in each sub-wavelength pixel unit 10
With 135 degree of other PD columns of arrangement hundred nano-scale, 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree arrangement PD column absorb respectively corresponding 0 degree,
The RGB monochromatic light of 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree polarizations, and it regard each sub-wavelength pixel unit 10 as a computing unit.
In the embodiment of the present application, in sub-wavelength pixel unit, the shape and size of each PD column are all the same.
Optionally, the size of PD column is determining based on the resonant wavelength of monochrome and the refractive index of imaging optical signal, or
It is obtained by optical analog, is specifically selected according to the actual situation, the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the size of PD column is determined using formula (1)
The size of PD column=(resonant wavelength-preset constant)/refractive index (1)
Wherein, monochrome different in RGB three primary colors corresponds to different resonant wavelengths, and refractive index is the refractive index of lens.
In the embodiment of the present application, by taking blue light as an example, the size of corresponding PD column is long 90nm, wide 50nm.
Optionally, the shape of PD column includes at least rectangle, circle, parallelogram and diamond shape, specifically according to reality
Situation is selected, and the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
In the embodiment of the present application, monochromatic polarization type CIS utilizes the optical resonance of PD column, realizes in preset direction polarization
Monochromatic RESONANCE ABSORPTION.
In the embodiment of the present application, monochromatic polarization type CIS further include: the reading circuit being connect at least one PD column, and read
Circuit is connect with image processor out.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the RGB that at least one PD column of preset direction absorbs corresponding preset direction is monochromatic
After light, the RGB monochromatic light of corresponding preset direction is converted to the telecommunications of preset direction by least one PD column of preset direction
Number, and by the electric signal transmission of preset direction to reading circuit, the electric signal of preset direction is converted to digital letter by reading circuit
Number, RAW data are obtained, and RAW data are transmitted to image processor；Image processor is by presetting interrelational form for RAW number
According to being associated, polarization degree and polarization direction are obtained, using polarization degree and polarization direction as polarization information, and according to polarization
Information obtains polarization image.
In the embodiment of the present application, reading circuit utilizes analog-to-digital conversion device (ADC, Analog-to-Digital
Converter the electric signal of preset direction) is converted into digital signal.
In the embodiment of the present application, default interrelational form can be the mode of vector addition, and reading circuit passes through default side
To electric signal carry out vector addition, and then obtain imaging optical signal polarization degree and polarization direction, later, reading circuit mistake
The reflected light and transmitted light of different polarization are filtered, and then determines the material properties of reference object, it is more clear thus, it is possible to provide
Clear image.
It should be noted that corresponding polarization angle to be imaged can be any angle, image processor in polarization image
By the way that polarization angle is mapped to polarization information to be imaged, RAW data are mapped as polarization image.
In the embodiment of the present application, monochromatic polarization type CIS further include: the lens unit being connect with sub-wavelength pixel unit；Thoroughly
Mirror unit is focused for the imaging optical signal to preset wavelength.
It should be noted that since the optical resonance of PD column can enhance local light intensity, therefore, lens unit is not the application
Necessary part in monochromatic polarization type CIS in embodiment, specifically whether increase in monochromatic polarization type CIS lens unit according to
Actual conditions are selected, and the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
It is understood that each sub-wavelength pixel unit can absorb in the monochromatic polarization type CIS that the application proposes
The monochromatic light of multiple angle polarizations, and the wavelength of sub-wavelength pixel unit is less than the preset wavelength of imaging optical signal, so that improving
The quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS；The structure of PD column can be realized optical resonance, and absorption efficiency is much higher than traditional PD
Structure, and then can be improved the quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of image processing method, is applied to monochromatic polarization type CIS, the monochrome polarization type
Be provided on CIS and arrange the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one PD column in preset direction, preset direction arrangement at least one
The size and shape of PD column are identical, as shown in figure 4, this method may include:
S101, when getting the imaging optical signal of preset wavelength, utilize at least one PD column of sub-wavelength pixel unit
Absorb the RGB monochromatic light that imaging optical signal is polarized in preset direction.
A kind of image processing method provided by the embodiments of the present application is suitable for carrying out image procossing using monochrome polarization type CIS
Scene under.
In the embodiment of the present invention, monochromatic polarization type CIS absorbs imaging using at least one PD column of sub-wavelength pixel unit
The RGB monochromatic light that optical signal is polarized in preset direction, wherein preset direction includes 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree, Mei Geya
PD column is all arranged in preset direction in wavelength pixel unit, and the PD base for post of preset direction is in the optical resonance of itself, respectively default
Direction RESONANCE ABSORPTION RGB monochromatic light.
In the embodiment of the present application, the division of preset direction is not limited only to a kind of 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree this division shape
Formula, specific zoned format can be selected according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
Optionally, the shape of PD column includes at least rectangle, circle, parallelogram and diamond shape, specifically according to reality
Situation is selected, and the embodiment of the present application does not do specific restriction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the size of PD column is to be determined based on monochromatic resonant wavelength with the refractive index that optical signal is imaged
, or obtained by optical analog, it is specifically selected according to the actual situation, the embodiment of the present application does not do specific limit
It is fixed.
In the embodiment of the present application, the size of PD column is determined using formula (1)
The size of PD column=(resonant wavelength-preset constant)/refractive index (1)
Wherein, monochrome different in RGB three primary colors corresponds to different resonant wavelengths, and refractive index is that the refraction of optical signal is imaged
Rate.
In the embodiment of the present application, by taking blue light as an example, the size of corresponding PD column is long 90nm, wide 50nm.
S102, polarization information is determined using RGB monochromatic light, and it is corresponding partially based on polarization information to obtain imaging optical signal
Shake image.
When monochromatic polarization type CIS absorbs what imaging optical signal was polarized in preset direction using the PD column of sub-wavelength pixel unit
After RGB monochromatic light, monochromatic polarization type CIS determines polarization information using RGB monochromatic light, and is imaged based on polarization information
The corresponding polarization image of optical signal.
In the embodiment of the present application, RGB monochromatic light is converted to the electric signal of preset direction by monochromatic polarization type CIS；Later, single
The electric signal of the preset direction is converted to digital signal by chromatic polarization formula CIS, obtains RAW data, and by presetting affiliated party
RAW data are associated, obtain polarization information by formula.
In the embodiment of the present application, at least one PD column of preset direction converts the RGB monochromatic light of corresponding preset direction
For the electric signal of preset direction, and by the electric signal transmission of preset direction to reading circuit, reading circuit is by the electricity of preset direction
Signal is converted to digital signal, obtains RAW data, and RAW data are transmitted to image processor；Image processor passes through default
RAW data are associated by interrelational form, obtain polarization degree and polarization direction, using polarization degree and polarization direction as polarization
Information, and polarization image is obtained according to polarization information.
In the embodiment of the present application, default interrelational form can be the mode of vector addition, and reading circuit passes through default side
To electric signal carry out vector addition, and then obtain imaging optical signal polarization degree and polarization direction, later, reading circuit mistake
The reflected light and transmitted light of different polarization are filtered, and then determines the material properties of reference object, it is more clear thus, it is possible to provide
Clear image.
It is understood that each sub-wavelength pixel unit can absorb in the monochromatic polarization type CIS that the application proposes
The monochromatic light of multiple angle polarizations, and the wavelength of sub-wavelength pixel unit is less than the preset wavelength of imaging optical signal, so that improving
The quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS；The structure of PD column can be realized optical resonance, and absorption efficiency is much higher than traditional PD
Structure, and then can be improved the quantum efficiency of monochromatic polarization type CIS.
Embodiment three
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, above-mentioned computer-readable storage
Media storage has one or more program, and said one or multiple programs can be executed by one or more processor, be answered
For in monochromatic polarization type CIS1, which to realize the image processing method as described in embodiment two.
Specifically, the corresponding program instruction of one of the present embodiment image processing method read by an electronic equipment or
It is performed, includes the following steps:
When getting the imaging optical signal of preset wavelength, inhaled using at least one PD column of the sub-wavelength pixel unit
Receive the RGB monochromatic light that the imaging optical signal is polarized in preset direction；
Polarization information is determined using the RGB monochromatic light, and the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information
Corresponding polarization image.
In an embodiment of the present invention, further, polarization information, said one are determined using the RGB monochromatic light
Either multiple programs are executed by said one or multiple processors, implement following steps:
The RGB monochromatic light is converted to the electric signal of the preset direction；
The electric signal of the preset direction is converted into digital signal, obtains RAW data；
By presetting interrelational form, the RAW data are associated, the polarization information is obtained.
The above, the only preferred embodiment of the application, are not intended to limit the protection scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of monochrome polarization type cmos image sensor CIS, which is characterized in that the monochromatic polarization
Formula CIS includes:
It arranges the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one photodiode PD column in preset direction, the sub-wavelength pixel unit is used
In the RGB monochromatic light that the imaging optical signal for absorbing preset wavelength using PD column is polarized in the preset direction；
The image processor being connect with the sub-wavelength pixel unit, for determining polarization information using the RGB monochromatic light,
And the corresponding polarization image of the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information.
2. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pixel ruler of the sub-wavelength pixel unit
It is very little to be less than the preset wavelength.
3. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the PD column is based on monochrome
What the refractive index of resonant wavelength and the imaging optical signal determined, the shape of the PD column includes at least rectangle, circle, parallel
Quadrangle and diamond shape.
4. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the dimensioning rank of the PD column is
The size and shape of hundred nano-scale, at least one PD column of the preset direction arrangement are identical.
5. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preset direction includes at least 0 degree, 45
Degree, 90 degree and 135 degree.
6. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the monochrome polarization type CIS further include: with
The reading circuit of at least one PD column connection, the reading circuit are connect with described image processor；
At least one described PD column, specifically for the RGB monochromatic light to be converted to the electric signal of the preset direction；
The reading circuit obtains RAW data for the electric signal of the preset direction to be converted to digital signal, and by institute
It states RAW data and is transmitted to described image processor；
Described image processor obtains polarization degree specifically for being associated the RAW data by default interrelational form
And polarization direction, using the polarization degree and the polarization direction as the polarization information, and obtained according to the polarization information
To the polarization image.
7. monochrome polarization type CIS according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the monochrome polarization type CIS further include: with
The lens unit of the sub-wavelength pixel unit connection；
The lens unit is focused for the imaging optical signal to the preset wavelength.
8. a kind of image processing method, which is characterized in that be applied to monochromatic polarization type CIS, be arranged on the monochrome polarization type CIS
Have and arranges the sub-wavelength pixel unit of at least one PD column in preset direction, at least one PD column of the preset direction arrangement
Size and shape are identical, which comprises
When getting the imaging optical signal of preset wavelength, institute is absorbed using at least one PD column of the sub-wavelength pixel unit
State the RGB monochromatic light that imaging optical signal is polarized in preset direction；
Polarization information is determined using the RGB monochromatic light, and the imaging optical signal is obtained based on the polarization information and is corresponded to
Polarization image.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described determine polarization information using the RGB monochromatic light,
Include:
The RGB monochromatic light is converted to the electric signal of the preset direction；
The electric signal of the preset direction is converted into digital signal, obtains RAW data；
By presetting interrelational form, the RAW data are associated, the polarization information is obtained.
10. a kind of storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, it is applied to monochromatic polarization type CIS, which is characterized in that the meter
Such as claim 8-9 described in any item methods are realized when calculation machine program is executed by processor.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110445998A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | A kind of Color Polarization formula CIS and image processing method, storage medium |
| CN110460788A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-15 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | A kind of monochrome polarization type CIS and image processing method, storage medium |
| CN110505422A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-26 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | A kind of CIS and terminal |
| CN110891137A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Image sensor, electronic device, image processing method, and storage medium |
| CN111182245A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Polarization type CIS, image processing method, storage medium and terminal equipment |
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