CN110079348A - A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor - Google Patents
A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110079348A CN110079348A CN201910464035.3A CN201910464035A CN110079348A CN 110079348 A CN110079348 A CN 110079348A CN 201910464035 A CN201910464035 A CN 201910464035A CN 110079348 A CN110079348 A CN 110079348A
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- reactor
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- particle
- heating vacuum
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactors, self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor is jacket type structure, it from top to bottom include preheating section, changeover portion and conversion zone, material inlet is arranged in reactor head, product exit is arranged in reactor bottom, combustion gas and air intake are arranged in reactor interlayer bottom, and waste gas outlet is arranged at the top of reactor interlayer, and heat-insulated and gas barrier layer is arranged in reactor interlayer outer wall.Preheating section is cylindrical structure, and changeover portion is truncated cone-shaped structure, and conversion zone is cylindrical structure, and preheating section and conversion zone diameter Relationship meet 5:3 condition, and preheating section and conversion zone length relation meet 5:7 condition.Fluid and particle flow downward in the same direction along gravitational field in the present invention, and the axial backmixing of particle greatly reduces, and are more suitable for the ultrashort reaction of gas-solid contact time；Changeover portion narrows so that apparent crossover phenomenon occurs later for particle warp, and motion profile is in " it " font, conducive to the heat transmitting between particle, effectively improves the yield of bio oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of energy and chemical technologys, are related to a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor.
Background technique
Biomass-pyrolysis passes through thermochemical study under the conditions of referring to biomass existing for the anaerobic or micro amount of oxygen
Method is converted into the process of three kinds of fixed gas, bio oil and coke products, is enriched one of the effective means of biomass energy.
Biomass through pyrolysis reactor is the core apparatus in preparing bio-oil from biomass through pyrolysis process flow, biomass
The distribution situation of heat scission reaction product is to a certain extent by the type of pyrolysis reactor and its used heating method
It determines.
Current main type of reactor has circulating fluid bed reactor, rotating cone reactor and ablation reactor etc.,
Each tool advantage and disadvantage: the advantages of circulating fluid bed reactor is in structure of reactor relative compact, and heat carrier selects larger thermal capacitance
To improve heat conduction efficiency, the processing capacity of enhancing reactor, the gaseous product being thermally cracked to produce stops sand in reactor
Time is shorter, is effectively prevented from cracking gas second pyrolysis and biological oil yield is caused to reduce, but since reaction needs a large amount of carry
Gas increases cooling system pressure in process flow and causes a large amount of energy losses；Rotating cone reactor advantage is that it is generally not required to carry
Gas, structure of reactor is compact to reduce cost, but it requires biological particles partial size smaller, increases cost, and simultaneous reactions device is set
Standby complexity is not easy to amplify；Ablation reactor has the advantages that, and ablation reactor not high to material biological particles Particle size requirements
Main technical problem is to be how to make material biological particles and high-temperature wall surface in the feelings with certain speed of related movement
Under condition be in close contact without departing from.
Although the reactor run at present has many structure types, fluidized bed is because it is with good heat and mass so far
The advantages such as simple, the easily operated and amplification of performance, structure are still structure most popular in biomass fast pyrogenation technology.It uses
While fluidized bed progress biomass pyrolytic guarantees that particle sufficiently cracks, taken away rapidly instead it may also be ensured that cracking gas is fluidized gas
It answers inside device, reduces second pyrolysis.Although fluidized bed possesses above-mentioned many merits, its existing main problem is to be difficult to realize
Fairly large continuous production, in addition the strenuous exercise due to caused by turbulent flow causes air-teturning mixed phenomenon in fluidized bed, so that different
The residence time particle of section is blended together.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize serialization preparing bio-oil, reduces solid back-mixing, reactor is allowed to be more applicable for the fast speed heat of biomass
The ultrashort reaction of this kind of gas-solid contact time is solved, the present invention provides a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor.
A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor, self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor be jacket type structure, on to
It down include preheating section, changeover portion and conversion zone, material inlet setting is arranged in reactor head, product exit at reactor bottom
Portion, combustion gas and air intake are arranged in reactor interlayer bottom, and waste gas outlet is arranged at the top of reactor interlayer, reactor interlayer
Heat-insulated and gas barrier layer is arranged in outer wall.Preheating section is cylindrical structure, and changeover portion is truncated cone-shaped structure, and conversion zone is cylindrical knot
Structure, preheating section and conversion zone diameter Relationship meet 5:3 condition, and preheating section and conversion zone length relation meet 5:7 condition.
Preferably: reactor is divided into preheating section, changeover portion and conversion zone three parts.
Preferably: preheating section and conversion zone diameter Relationship meet 5:3 condition, and preheating section and conversion zone length relation meet
5:7 condition.
Preferably: material inlet is connect for continuous feed with screw-feeder.
Preferably: product exit is connected with subsequent gas solid separation system and condenser system.
Preferably: the flammable fixed gas in cracking process is after collection mixes with air through by combustion gas and air intake
Into reactor interlayer.
Preferably: the exhaust gas that above-mentioned gaseous mixture generates after burning in reactor interlayer is discharged via waste gas outlet.
Preferably: reactor interlayer outer wall be arranged heat-insulated and gas barrier layer, can avoid reactor interlayer in thermal loss and
The evolution of gas.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with traditional fluidized-bed reactor
1) fluid and particle flow downward in the same direction along gravitational field in reactor, and granule density and velocity radial distribution are more equal
Even, the axial backmixing of particle greatly reduces, and flow development segment length is short, is more suitable for the ultrashort reaction of gas-solid contact time；2) mistake
It crosses section to narrow so that apparent crossover phenomenon occurs later for particle warp, motion profile is in " it " font, conducive between particle
Heat transmitting, while gas significantly improves speed after changeover portion, can reduce residence time of the cracking gas in reactor, reduces
The generation of second pyrolysis reaction, effectively improves the yield of bio oil；3) fixed gas generated using biomass through pyrolysis is as warm
The biological particles in reactor are heated in source, take full advantage of the calorific value of flammable fixed gas, belong to spontaneous-heating type, can
Save the cost；4) it by control gas quantity and into the air capacity proportion adjustment burner hearth bulk temperature of burner hearth, is produced with adjustment cracking
The distribution of object and the yield of purpose product.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is A-A cross-sectional view in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1- material inlet, 2- reactor preheating section, 3- reactor changeover portion, 4- reactor reaction section, 5- exhaust gas go out
Mouth, 6- product exit, 7- combustion gas and air intake, 8- thermal insulation layer and gas barrier layer.
Specific embodiment
Explanation that technical scheme of the present invention will be further described With reference to embodiment:
Biological particles continuously enter reactor by material inlet (1), are heated in reactor preheating section (2) first
To cracking required temperature, when by reactor changeover portion (3), since diameter narrows suddenly, so that particle enters reactor reaction
Apparent crossover phenomenon occurs for motion profile when section (4), and the heat enhanced between particle is transmitted, raw after particle generation cracking reaction
At gaseous product and remaining solid residue reactor left by product exit (6), the fixed gas generated in cracking process exists
Subsequent mix with air after collecting enters reactor interlayer by combustion gas and air intake (7), and gaseous mixture fires in interlayer
It burns and provides heat for the cracking process in reactor, exhaust gas is discharged into atmosphere by waste gas outlet (5).
Embodiment: serialization fast pyrogenation is carried out to stalk particle using the self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor.Stalk
Particle sends constantly into self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor by distributing device, needed for reactor preheating section is rapidly heated to cracking
Temperature.After variable diameter changeover portion, obvious crossover phenomenon occurs for stalk particle, and the heat transmitting between particle and particle obtains strong
Change, and cracking reaction occurs rapidly in conversion zone.The cracking gas and remaining solid residue that cracking process generates are by product exit
It draws reactor and enters subsequent gas solid separation system and condenser system.The fixed gas generated using stalk particle cracking is as warm
The stalk particle in reactor is heated in source, belongs to spontaneous-heating type, can save production cost.By control gas quantity and
Air capacity proportion adjustment burner hearth bulk temperature into burner hearth can to adjust the distribution of pyrolysis product and the yield of purpose product
It is widely used in the continuous production of stalk fast pyrogenation preparing bio-oil.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor, it is characterised in that: self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor is jacket type knot
Structure, includes preheating section, changeover portion and conversion zone from top to bottom, and material inlet setting exists in reactor head, product exit setting
Reactor bottom, combustion gas and air intake are arranged in reactor interlayer bottom, and waste gas outlet is arranged at the top of reactor interlayer, instead
Answer device interlayer outer wall that heat-insulated and gas barrier layer is set.
2. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: preheating section is cylindrical knot
Structure, changeover portion are truncated cone-shaped structure, and conversion zone is cylindrical structure.
3. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: preheating section is straight with conversion zone
Diameter relationship meets 5:3 condition, and preheating section and conversion zone length relation meet 5:7 condition.
4. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: material inlet and spiral into
Glassware connection is used for continuous feed.
5. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: product exit with it is subsequent
Gas solid separation system is connected with condenser system.
6. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: flammable in cracking process
Fixed gas is after collection mixes with air through entering reactor interlayer by combustion gas and air intake.
7. a kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned gaseous mixture is reacting
The exhaust gas generated after burning in device interlayer is discharged via waste gas outlet.
8. the method for carrying out straw thermal cracking using the reactor as described in claim 1-7 is any, it is characterised in that: stalk particle
Self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor is sent constantly by distributing device, is rapidly heated to temperature needed for cracking in reactor preheating section
Degree；After variable diameter changeover portion, obvious crossover phenomenon occurs for stalk particle, and the heat transmitting between particle and particle is strengthened,
And cracking reaction occurs rapidly in conversion zone；The cracking gas and remaining solid residue that cracking process generates are drawn by product exit
Reactor enters subsequent gas solid separation system and condenser system；The fixed gas generated using stalk particle cracking is as heat source pair
Stalk particle in reactor is heated；It is whole warm by control gas quantity and the air capacity proportion adjustment burner hearth for entering burner hearth
Degree；Preferably, biological particles continuously enter reactor by material inlet (1), the quilt first in reactor preheating section (2)
It is heated to cracking required temperature, when by reactor changeover portion (3), since diameter narrows suddenly, so that particle enters reactor
Apparent crossover phenomenon occurs for motion profile when conversion zone (4), enhances the heat transmitting between particle, and cracking reaction occurs for particle
The gaseous product and remaining solid residue generated afterwards leaves reactor by product exit (6), and what is generated in cracking process does not coagulate
Gas enters reactor interlayer by combustion gas and air intake (7) in subsequent mix with air after collecting, and gaseous mixture is in interlayer
Middle burning provides heat for the cracking process in reactor, and exhaust gas is discharged into atmosphere by waste gas outlet (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910464035.3A CN110079348A (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910464035.3A CN110079348A (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110079348A true CN110079348A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910464035.3A Pending CN110079348A (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2019-05-30 | A kind of self-heating vacuum moving-burden bed reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110079348A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102776007A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Continuous biomass pyrolytic carbon gas-oil poly-generation system |
| JP5835311B2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-12-24 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Ferro-coke manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment |
-
2019
- 2019-05-30 CN CN201910464035.3A patent/CN110079348A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102776007A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-11-14 | 华中科技大学 | Continuous biomass pyrolytic carbon gas-oil poly-generation system |
| JP5835311B2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-12-24 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Ferro-coke manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 冯小芹: "秸秆裂解炉开发与炉管内的温度场模拟", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
| 罗琳等主编: "《环境工程学》", 30 April 2014, 北京：冶金工业出版社 * |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190802 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |