CN106518475A - System and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw - Google Patents
System and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN106518475A CN106518475A CN201611138834.4A CN201611138834A CN106518475A CN 106518475 A CN106518475 A CN 106518475A CN 201611138834 A CN201611138834 A CN 201611138834A CN 106518475 A CN106518475 A CN 106518475A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B51/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a system and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw. According to the system, the raw straw outlet of a charging and feeding device is connected with the feed inlet of a revolving-bed thermal decomposition furnace; the revolving-bed thermal decomposition furnace is of an annular sealed structure and successively comprises an infrared heating zone provided with infrared radiation heating pipes and a gas heating zone provided with heat-accumulating gas radiation pipes; the biomass charcoal outlet of the revolving-bed thermal decomposition furnace is connected with the biomass charcoal inlet of a mixing bunker; the mixture inlet of a disc granulator is connected with the mixture outlet of the mixing bunker; the granular-mixture inlet of a drying apparatus is connected with the granular-mixture outlet of the disc granulator; and the dried-mixture inlet of a packing apparatus is connected with the dried-mixture outlet of the drying apparatus. The system is easy to operate, stable and reliable in equipment operation, clean and energy-saving in processing, high in thermal efficiency, low in operation cost, good in product quality and obvious in economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solid waste treatment, and in particular to using what straw prepared charcoal base urea fertilizer be
System and method.
Background technology
Biomass carbon is under hypoxemia or oxygen-free environment, by Pintsch process by the product of plant carbide, it has also become in recent years
Carry out the focus of the research fields such as environment, agricultural, energy concern.Biomass carbon is created for biological production of energy, soil improvement, fertilizer
Newly, solution is proposed the problems such as reduction of greenhouse gas discharge, the abandoned biomass utilization of resources.The research of biomass carbon is come to Asia
The understanding of black earth in the middle part of the inferior river valley of horse, contains a large amount of biomass carbons, the fertilizer than nearby not containing biomass carbon soil in soil
Li Genggao, this phenomenon cause whole world scientist to biomass carbon in the aspect application such as soil improvement and GHG emissions mitigation
Concern.The nineties middle and later periods in last century, the research for preparing biomass carbon using modern pyrolytic technique carry out.Foreign scholar's pin
Pyrolysis preparation, self property to biomass carbon and the chemical property to soil, soil physical properties, the impact of microorganism etc. are entered
Go numerous studies, and achieve corresponding achievement.Application study of the China to biomass carbon in different field also takes much count of, but
Slow release characteristic with regard to which to fertilizer was studied also in the starting stage.
Whole world stalk resource very abundant, annual production is at 3,000,000,000 tons or so.And China is large agricultural country, crops straw
Quantity is very huge, and huge number.According to investigation statisticses in 2003, straw total amount up to 7.94 hundred million tons or so, and with annual
0.13 hundred million tons of speed increases.Simultaneously suffer from the drawback that, the collection of straw, transport, plant equipment cost mistake during utilization
Height, industrial chain are shorter, lack technical support, people's cognitive presence mistaken ideas etc., cause the utilization rate of crops straw not high.Burn
Process contamination air ambient, is detrimental to health, easy initiation fire.Also, burning straw causes surface temperature drastically to raise,
The beneficial microbe that can directly burn to death, scald in dead soil earth, affects Crop soil nutrient.
Pyrolytic technique provides brand-new approach to solve straw Utilizing question.Straw is carried out into pyrolysis processing, can be obtained
The bio oil or chemicals of high added value, biomass carbon is prepared into fertilizer can improve soil fertility.The technology can improve rice
The utilization and management of grass, contributes to solving straw the environmental problem such as arbitrarily throwing aside, burn.
Prior art discloses straw biomass carbon base urea and preparation method thereof.The method is characterized in that straw is high
Anneal crack solution, obtains straw biomass carbon and imflammable gas, and by urea raw material and straw biomass carbon mixed melting, granulation,
Screened after cooling down under negative pressure, coating is carried out to the pellet after screening, packed, straw biomass carbon base urea is obtained.But,
The direct Pintsch process of straw of crushing, can be mingled with a large amount of flying dusts in pyrolysis gas, need to carry out dust removal process, increase cost.High anneal crack
A large amount of pyrolkigneous liquid that solution preocess is produced, enter back segment with pyrolysis gas, can reduce the quality and calorific value of pyrolysis gas, and to burning
Device has certain corrosivity.The catalyst for cracking added during Pintsch process, affects pyrolytic carbon and charcoal base urea fertilizer
Quality, and increase raw material processing cost.In addition, the straw volume density crushed is very little, the volume density of catalyst than larger,
Both differences in shape are very big, it is difficult to be well mixed, so as to affect catalytic efficiency.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of utilization straw prepares the system and method for biomass carbon base urea fertilizer.The system is easy
Operation, stable equipment operation reliability.Processing procedure clean energy-saving, non-pollutant discharge.The whole system thermal efficiency is high, operating cost
Low, product quality is excellent, and economic benefit is obvious.
The invention discloses the system that a kind of utilization straw prepares biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, it is characterised in that described
System includes material pit and the feeding feed arrangement being sequentially connected, revolving bed pyrolysis oven, blending bunker, granulating disc, baking
Equipment for drying, packing apparatus；
The material pit is used to store straw raw material；
The feeding feed arrangement has straw raw material entrance, straw raw material outlet, and the straw is by grab bucket by described
Material pit is transported in the feeding feed arrangement；
The revolving bed pyrolysis oven has charging aperture and biomass carbon outlet, is provided with material-homogenating device at the charging aperture；Institute
State charging aperture to be connected with the straw raw material outlet of the feeding feed arrangement；
The revolving bed pyrolysis oven is ring packing structure, successively including the infrared heating for being provided with infrared radiation heating pipe
The discharge end of area, the gas heating area for being provided with regenerative gas radiant tube, also, the infrared heating zones and the material-homogenating device
Communicate；
The blending bunker has biomass carbon entrance, binding agent entrance, urea fertilizer entrance, mixture outlet；It is described
Biomass carbon entrance is connected by drawing mechanism with the biomass carbon outlet of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven；
The granulating disc has mixture inlet, particulate mixtures outlet；The mixture inlet is mixed with described
The mixture outlet connection of feed bin；
The drying unit has particulate mixtures entrance, drying composite outlet；The particulate mixtures entrance and institute
The particulate mixtures outlet for stating granulating disc is connected by belt conveyor；
The packing apparatus has drying composite entrance, product exit；The drying composite entrance and the drying
The drying composite outlet connection of device.
In above-mentioned system, also including pyrolysis oil air cooling device, oily-water seperating equipment；
The pyrolysis oil air cooling device has pyrolysis oil gas entrance, profit outlet, pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil gas
Entrance is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent in the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, and the pyrolysis gas outlet is radiated with the regenerative gas
Pipe connects；
The oily-water seperating equipment has profit entrance, pyrolysis oil export, pyrolkigneous liquid outlet；The profit entrance with it is described
The profit outlet connection of pyrolysis oil air cooling device.
In above-mentioned system, also including chimney emission device, with smoke inlet, exhanst gas outlet up to standard；The flue gas enters
Mouth is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven.
Preferably, the lower end of the feeding feed arrangement is provided with material metering device, for measuring the straw raw material
Transporting velocity；
In the infrared heating zones of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, stirring is provided between the infrared radiation heating pipe per two
Device, the stirrer are used to stir the straw raw material, promote the volatilization of moisture.
Further, in the granulating disc, the mixture inlet is located at granulating disc top, described granular mixed
Compound outlet arranges sprinkler head above granulating disc bottom, and disk wherein.
The invention also discloses a kind of method that biomass carbon base urea fertilizer is prepared using straw based on said system, its
It is characterised by, including step：
A, straw raw material is transported to the material pit stacks 1～3 day, the feeding is transported to via the grab bucket afterwards
In feed arrangement；
B, the straw raw material are entered in the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, in the material-homogenating device by the feeding feed arrangement
In the presence of be evenly arranged on flitch, pass sequentially through the infrared heating zones, gas heating area, the water in the straw raw material
Divide and organic volatile matter is separated successively, obtain biomass carbon；
C, the biomass carbon is transported in the blending bunker, and is added thereto to binding agent and urea fertilizer is carried out
Mixing, obtains mixture；
D, the mixture is sent in the granulating disc, starts granulating disc, open sprinkler head spray into it is certain
The moisture of amount, carries out granulation process, obtains particulate mixtures；
E, the particulate mixtures are sequentially sent to carry out in the drying unit, packing apparatus to dry, after packing processes
Obtain required product, i.e. biomass carbon base urea fertilizer.
Above-mentioned utilization straw is prepared in the method for biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, before the step A, also including straw
The pre-treatment step of raw material：
Straw is carried out being crushed to particle diameter ＜ 50；And/or, the straw of moisture content >=20wt% is dried to moisture content it is
15～20wt%；By the straw briquetting that particle diameter ＜ 50, moisture content is 15～20wt%.
Above-mentioned utilization straw is prepared in the method for biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, in the step B, the revolving bed pyrolysis
The rotating speed of stove is 10～40min/r；Straw raw material thickness on the flitch is 20～50；It is red in the infrared heating zones
External radiation heating tube is 50～80 with the vertical range of the straw raw material upper surface, and radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～30 μm；
Stirrer lower limb is 5～10 with the vertical range on the flitch surface；Regenerative gas spoke in the gas heating area
The vertical range that pipe is penetrated with the straw raw material upper surface is 50～80, and the temperature of regenerative gas radiant tube is 650～700
℃。
Above-mentioned utilization straw is prepared in the method for biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, in the step C, the biomass carbon with
The mass ratio of urea fertilizer is 5：0.8～1.4, the addition of the binding agent account for the percentage of the mixture be 8～
12wt%；The binding agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose or the one kind in oxidized starch.
Above-mentioned utilization straw is prepared in the method for biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, and the rotary speed of the granulating disc is
30r/min, the angle of inclination of the rotating disk is 45 °；The moisture of the penetrating account for the mixture percentage be 12～
25wt%；The drying temperature is 40～65 DEG C.
The present invention is capable of achieving the pyrolysis processing of straw raw material using revolving bed pyrolysis oven, obtains the pyrolysis oil of high additive value
And pyrolkigneous liquid.In pyrolytic process, straw raw material is static with respect to flitch, it is to avoid produce flying dust, without the need for dedusting, and ensure pyrolysis oil and
The quality of pyrolysis gas.Directly using pyrolysis oil as Product recycling, catalyst need not be added, on the one hand reduce catalyst preparation into
This, another side retains the quality of biomass carbon itself.Regenerative gas radiant tube discharge flue gas not with pyrolysis hydrocarbons contact, greatly
It is big to reduce postorder processing cost.
The present invention selects infra-red radiation, provides up to more than 70 times of heat flow density than heat convection.It is pyrolyzed in revolving bed
The feed inlet end of stove sets up infrared radiation heating pipe, can substantially reduce the energy consumption in pyrolytic process, while shortening pyrolysis time, carries
The disposal ability of high revolving bed pyrolysis oven.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic that the present invention prepares biomass carbon base urea fertilizer using straw.
The method flow that biomass carbon base urea fertilizer is prepared using the system shown in Fig. 1 in Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention shows
It is intended to.
Reference in accompanying drawing is as follows：
1st, material pit；2nd, feeding feed arrangement；3rd, revolving bed pyrolysis oven；4th, blending bunker；5th, granulating disc；6th, dry
Device；7th, packing apparatus；8th, pyrolysis oil air cooling device；9th, oily-water seperating equipment；10th, chimney emission device.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy
The advantage of the solution of the present invention and its various aspects is more fully understood enough.However, specific embodiments described below and reality
It is only descriptive purpose to apply example, rather than limitation of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the system schematic of biomass carbon base urea fertilizer is prepared for the present invention using straw.The system bag
Include material pit 1, feeding feed arrangement 2, revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3, blending bunker 4, granulating disc 5, drying unit 6, packing dress
Put 7, pyrolysis oil air cooling device 8, oily-water seperating equipment 9, chimney emission device 10.Wherein, the function of each device and connection is closed
System is as follows：
Material pit 1 is used to store pretreated straw raw material, and straw raw material therein can be transported to feeding by grab bucket
In feed arrangement 2.
Feeding feed arrangement 2 is provided with sealing device, and the straw raw material for will be transported by material pit 1 sends into revolving bed heat
In solution stove 3, export with straw raw material entrance, straw raw material.Its lower end is provided with material metering device, for measuring straw raw material
Transporting velocity.
Revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 be ring packing structure, burner hearth be internally provided with distribution device, heater and stirring dress
Put.The feed inlet end of revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 is provided with material-homogenating device, straw raw material revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 can be evenly arranged in
Flitch on.
Revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 includes infrared heating zones, gas heating area successively.Wherein, infrared heating zones and material-homogenating device
Discharge end is communicated, and is provided with 2～4 infrared radiation heating pipes, and infrared radiation heating pipe is arranged on the top of flitch, per two
Stirrer is provided between root infrared radiation heating pipe, for stirring straw raw material, is promoted the volatilization of moisture, and is arranged at top
There is moisture introduction pipe.Many accumulation of heats are provided between the discharging opening of last root infrared radiation heating pipe to revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3
Formula gas fired radiant tubes, further heats to the straw raw material on flitch.In the present invention, not limit infrared radiation transmission heating tube and accumulation of heat
The mode of heating and quantity of formula gas fired radiant tubes.
Revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 is obtained biomass carbon for carrying out pyrolysis processing to straw raw material, its have charging aperture and
Biomass carbon is exported, and top is provided with pyrolysis oil gas vent.Wherein, charging aperture is exported with the straw raw material of feeding feed arrangement 2
Connection.
Blending bunker 4 is used for mixing biomass charcoal and urea fertilizer, and mixture is obtained, its have biomass carbon entrance,
Binding agent entrance, urea fertilizer entrance, mixture outlet.Wherein, the biomass carbon of biomass carbon entrance and revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3
Outlet is connected by drawing mechanism.
Granulating disc 5 is used for the granulation of mixture, and particulate mixtures are obtained, and which has mixture inlet, granular mixed
Compound is exported.Wherein, mixture inlet is connected with the mixture outlet of blending bunker 4.Also, mixture inlet is made positioned at disk
The top of grain machine 5, particulate mixtures outlet arrange sprinkler head above bottom, and disk wherein.
Drying unit 6 is used for the drying of particulate mixtures, and which has particulate mixtures entrance, drying composite outlet.Its
In, particulate mixtures entrance is connected by belt conveyor with the particulate mixtures outlet of granulating disc 5.
Packing apparatus 7 is obtained final product for carrying out packing process to dried mixture, and which has dry mixed
Compound entrance, product exit.Wherein, drying composite entrance is connected with the drying composite outlet of drying unit 6.
Pyrolysis oil air cooling device 8 is used for the pyrolysis oil gas for cooling down the generation of straw raw material pyrolytic process, with pyrolysis oil gas
Entrance, profit outlet, pyrolysis gas outlet.Wherein, it is pyrolyzed oil gas entrance to be connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3,
Pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the regenerative gas radiant tube arranged in revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3.
The profit that oily-water seperating equipment 9 is produced after being used for the cooling of separation pyrolyzing oil gas, there is profit entrance, pyrolysis oil to go out for which
Mouth, pyrolkigneous liquid outlet.Wherein, profit entrance is connected with the profit outlet of pyrolysis oil air cooling device 8.
Chimney emission device 10 be used for purified treatment flue gas, discharged after reaching discharge standard, its have smoke inlet,
Exhanst gas outlet up to standard.Wherein, smoke inlet is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3.
As shown in Fig. 2 the side of biomass carbon base urea fertilizer is prepared for the embodiment of the present invention based on the system shown in Fig. 1
Method, including step：
(1) straw pretreatment
The step finally gives the straw original for meeting 3 feed needs of revolving bed pyrolysis oven for pre-processing to straw
Material, it may include one or more below.
It is broken：The straw sent is crushed by two-stage breaker, the particle for being crushed to particle diameter ＜ 50 is standby.
Drying and dehydrating：Choose whether to need the preprocessing process according to the height of straw itself moisture content.When straw it is aqueous
During rate >=20wt% (wt% is mass percent), it is 15～20wt% to be baked to moisture content.
Briquetting：By the straw briquetting that particle diameter ＜ 50, moisture content is 15～20wt%.The size of briquetting is also dependent on existing
Mould depending on.
The step optional step, revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 can be less than directly carrying out containing rice grass for 85wt% to moisture content
Process.
(2) storage and conveying of straw raw material
The pretreated straw raw material for obtaining is transported to into material pit 1 and stacks 1～3 day.Then, by grabbing bucket storing
Straw raw material in hole 1 is delivered in feeding feed arrangement 2.It is by the material metering device for controlling 2 lower end of feeding feed arrangement, adjustable
Whole charging rate, so as to control the fabric thickness of the straw raw material in revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3.
(3) pyrolysis processing of straw
Straw raw material is sent in revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 by the feeding feed arrangement 2 with sealing device.At charging aperture
The material-homogenating device of setting is evenly arranged in straw raw material on flitch.Straw raw material on flitch with revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 rotation
Infrared heating zones, gas heating area are passed sequentially through, biomass carbon is obtained.
Wherein, the straw raw material thickness on flitch is 20～50.The rotating speed of revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3 is set to 10～
40min/r。
In infrared heating zones, infrared radiation heating pipe is 50～80 with the vertical range of straw raw material upper surface on flitch
㎜.Stirrer lower limb is 5～10 with the vertical range on flitch surface, and stirring for straw raw material promotes lower floor's straw
The volatilization of moisture after raw material intensification.
Radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～30 μm, and the IR wavelengths frequency is intrinsic with the wavelength of hydrone in straw raw material
Frequency is equal, and so as to quickly be only absorbed by the water, moisture temperature is quickly raised.Also, due to ultrared heat transfer not
Need intermediate medium, interior of articles can be directly penetrating, realize the moisture temperature of flitch top layer and internal layer straw raw material while
Raise.
Infra-red radiation provides up to more than 70 times of heat flow density than heat convection.Therefore, entering in revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3
Infrared radiation heating pipe is set up at material mouth end, can substantially reduce the energy consumption in pyrolytic process, while shortening pyrolysis time, improves rotation
The disposal ability of bed pyrolysis oven 3.
In gas heating area, on regenerative gas radiant tube and flitch the vertical range of straw raw material upper surface be 50～
80, the temperature of regenerative gas radiant tube is 650～700 DEG C, further provides heat for revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3.
In revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3, whole pyrolytic process employs the mode of radiant heating.Due to radiation energy with radiation away from
From being inversely proportional to, and need to avoid straw raw material from contacting with radiant tube, cause equipment operation exception, it is therefore preferable that radiant tube distance
The vertical range of straw raw material upper surface is controlled in 50～80mm.
After straw raw material sequentially passes through the pyrolysis processing in infrared heating zones and gas heating area, moisture therein and organic wave
Send out to divide and separated successively, biomass carbon is obtained.Wherein, the moisture for producing in infrared heating zones pyrolytic process is drawn by moisture
Pipeline is drawn and is cooled down, used as the circulating and recovering moisture of present system.
Straw raw material pyrolysis produce pyrolysis oil pneumatic transmission enter in pyrolysis oil air cooling device 8, it is condensed after can be pyrolyzed
Gas and profit.Then, burnt in the regenerative gas radiant tube that pyrolysis gas are sent into revolving bed pyrolysis oven 3, provided for which
Heat, the flue gas after burning are processed in sending into chimney emission device 10, qualified discharge.Profit is sent into into oily-water seperating equipment
It is in 9, separated that pyrolysis oil and pyrolkigneous liquid is obtained.Wherein, part pyrolkigneous liquid is back in pyrolysis oil air cooling device 9, is passed through
Directly cooling is cooled down to being pyrolyzed oil gas indirectly for cooling and recirculated cooling water.In pyrolytic process, water is first pyrolyzed from revolving bed
Isolate in stove 3, to being pyrolyzed during oil gas cools down, cooling water and pyrolysis oil gas mediate contact, so as to obtain
Highly purified pyrolkigneous liquid, improves product quality, and gained pyrolkigneous liquid can be directly as selling outside product.
(4) mixed processing of biomass carbon and urea fertilizer
The biomass carbon that above-mentioned steps are obtained is sent in blending bunker 4 by drawing mechanism, meanwhile, it is added thereto to bonding
Agent and urea fertilizer are mixed, and mixture is obtained.
In the step, biomass carbon is 5 with the mass ratio of urea fertilizer：0.8～1.4.Binding agent selects carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain sodium or oxidized starch.It is 8～12wt% that the addition of bonding agent accounts for the percentage of mixture.
(5) granulation of mixture
The mixture that above-mentioned steps are obtained is sent into from the top of granulating disc 5, starts granulating disc 5, will wherein
The rotating speed of rotating disk is adjusted to 30r/min, and the angle of inclination of rotating disk is 45 °.Also, the sprinkler head above disk is opened, is sprayed into certain
The moisture of amount.Control moisture account for mixture percentage be 12～25wt%, carry out granulation process, particulate mixtures be obtained.
Particulate mixtures outlet output of the particulate mixtures of shaping from below granulating disc 5.
In the step, other the arbitrarily satisfaction granulation requirements beyond granulating disc can select to the molding, granulating of mixture
Granulation Equipments.
(6) drying packing
Particulate mixtures are sent in drying unit 6 via belt conveyor, are dried at a temperature of 40～65 DEG C.Then, send
Packed in entering packing apparatus 7, obtained final product, i.e. biomass carbon base urea fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
30t rice straws are provided by Songzi, Hubei Province, moisture content is crushed to particle diameter through two-stage between 17 ± 1.5wt%
Briquetting is carried out after ＜ 30mm, briquetting obtains diameter of section for 30 ± 2mm, as cylinder bar of the length for 80 ± 20mm, rice
Expect on grassland.
Straw raw material is sent in material pit, the straw raw material in material pit is delivered to by feeding charging dress by grab bucket then
Put, straw raw material is entered in revolving bed pyrolysis oven by the feeding feed arrangement with sealing device.In the presence of material-homogenating device,
Straw raw material is evenly arranged on flitch, and fabric thickness is controlled in 23 ± 3mm.
Straw raw material sequentially passes through infrared heating zones, gas heating area with flitch, controls the rotating speed of revolving bed pyrolysis oven
For 15 ± 5min/r.The vertical range of infrared radiation heating pipe, regenerative gas radiant tube apart from straw raw material upper surface is
50mm.Radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～25 μm, and the moisture temperature in straw material is quickly raised, and the moisture on top layer quickly volatilizees, and
Draw with the introduction pipe being arranged at the top of revolving bed pyrolysis oven.Under stirrer effect, lower floor's straw raw material is stirred, and is promoted
The volatilization of lower floor's moisture.
Then, straw raw material enters gas heating area.Now, the wherein moisture of more than 95wt% volatilizees.Heat accumulating type fires
The temperature of gas radiant tube is 670 ± 20 DEG C, and straw temperature continues to raise, and organic volatile matter and residual moisture are volatilized.It is infrared
The thermal treatment zone and gaseous product derived from gas heating area carry out cooling recovery respectively.
The biomass carbon for obtaining is sent in blending bunker by drawing mechanism, is mixed with urea fertilizer and binding agent.It is raw
Material charcoal is 5 with the mass ratio of urea fertilizer：1.Binding agent selects sodium carboxymethylcellulose, addition to account for amount of the mixture
10wt%.
Mixture is sent in granulating disc, sprinkler head is opened, the moisture of penetrating accounts for the 15wt% of mixture, shaping
Particulate mixtures leave granulating disc from below disk, send into drying unit by chain-linked conveyer, are dried at 40 DEG C.
The pyrolysis oil gas that straw raw material pyrolysis is produced is cooled down and water-oil separating, obtains pyrolysis oil and pyrolkigneous liquid product.
The pyrolysis gas that do not coagulate after oil gas cooling burn as the fuel gas supply of regenerative gas radiant tube, and the flue gas after burning passes through chimney
Fume extractor is discharged.
In above-described embodiment, 30t straw by process after obtain 2.4t pyrolysis oils, 5.4t be pyrolyzed water, 5.4t pyrolkigneous liquid and
14t biomass carbon base urea fertilizers.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment adopts system and method same as Example 1.Wherein, in revolving bed pyrolysis oven, straw raw material
Fabric thickness on flitch is controlled in 35 ± 2mm；The rotating speed of revolving bed pyrolysis oven is 20 ± 5min/r；Infrared radiation heating
The vertical range of pipe, regenerative gas radiant tube apart from straw raw material upper surface is 70mm；Radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～30 μ
m；The temperature of regenerative gas radiant tube is 670 ± 10 DEG C.
Obtained biomass carbon is sent in blending bunker by drawing mechanism, is mixed with urea fertilizer and binding agent.It is raw
Material charcoal is 5 with the mass ratio of urea fertilizer：0.8.Binding agent selects sodium carboxymethylcellulose, addition to account for amount of the mixture
8wt%.
Mixture is sent in granulating disc, sprinkler head is opened, the moisture of penetrating accounts for the 12wt% of mixture, shaping
Particulate mixtures leave granulating disc from below disk, send into drying unit by belt conveyor, are dried at 50 DEG C.
In above-described embodiment, 30t straw by process after obtain 2.5t pyrolysis oils, 5.3t be pyrolyzed water, 5.6t pyrolkigneous liquid and
13.6t biomass carbon base urea fertilizers.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment adopts system and method same as Example 1.Wherein, in revolving bed pyrolysis oven, straw raw material
Fabric thickness on flitch is controlled in 45 ± 5mm；The rotating speed of revolving bed pyrolysis oven is 37 ± 3min/r；Infrared radiation heating
The vertical range of pipe, regenerative gas radiant tube apart from straw raw material upper surface is 80mm；Radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～30 μ
m；The temperature of regenerative gas radiant tube is 690 ± 15 DEG C.
Obtained biomass carbon is sent in blending bunker by drawing mechanism, is mixed with urea fertilizer and binding agent.It is raw
Material charcoal is 5 with the mass ratio of urea fertilizer：1.4.Binding agent selects oxidized starch, addition to account for amount of the mixture
12wt%.
Mixture is sent in granulating disc, sprinkler head is opened, the moisture of penetrating accounts for the 25wt% of mixture, shaping
Particulate mixtures leave granulating disc from below disk, send into drying unit by belt conveyor, are dried at 65 DEG C.
In above-described embodiment, 30t straw by process after obtain 2.2t pyrolysis oils, 5.6t be pyrolyzed water, 5.1t pyrolkigneous liquid and
14.9t biomass carbon base urea fertilizers.
Process of the present invention can long-term smooth operation, equipment failure rate is extremely low.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and and
The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out the change or variation of other multi-forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And thus drawn
Obvious change that Shen goes out or among changing still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the system that a kind of utilization straw prepares biomass carbon base urea fertilizer, it is characterised in that the system includes material pit
And be sequentially connected feeding feed arrangement, revolving bed pyrolysis oven, blending bunker, granulating disc, drying unit, packing dress
Put；
The material pit is used to store straw raw material；
The feeding feed arrangement has straw raw material entrance, straw raw material outlet, and the straw is by grab bucket by the storing
Hole is transported in the feeding feed arrangement；
The revolving bed pyrolysis oven has charging aperture and biomass carbon outlet, is provided with material-homogenating device at the charging aperture；It is described enter
Material mouth is connected with the straw raw material outlet of the feeding feed arrangement；
The revolving bed pyrolysis oven be ring packing structure, successively including be provided with infrared radiation heating pipe infrared heating zones,
It is provided with the gas heating area of regenerative gas radiant tube, also, the discharge end phase of the infrared heating zones and the material-homogenating device
It is logical；
The blending bunker has biomass carbon entrance, binding agent entrance, urea fertilizer entrance, mixture outlet；The biology
Matter charcoal entrance is connected by drawing mechanism with the biomass carbon outlet of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven；
The granulating disc has mixture inlet, particulate mixtures outlet；The mixture inlet and the blending bunker
Mixture outlet connection；
The drying unit has particulate mixtures entrance, drying composite outlet；The particulate mixtures entrance and the circle
The particulate mixtures outlet of disk comminutor is connected by belt conveyor；
The packing apparatus has drying composite entrance, product exit；The drying composite entrance and the drying unit
Drying composite outlet connection.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including pyrolysis oil air cooling device, oily-water seperating equipment；
The pyrolysis oil air cooling device has pyrolysis oil gas entrance, profit outlet, pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil gas entrance
It is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent in the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, the pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the regenerative gas radiant tube
Connect；
The oily-water seperating equipment has profit entrance, pyrolysis oil export, pyrolkigneous liquid outlet；The profit entrance and the pyrolysis
The profit outlet connection of oil gas cooling device.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including chimney emission device, with smoke inlet, up to standard
Exhanst gas outlet；The smoke inlet is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lower end of the feeding feed arrangement is provided with material metering
Device, for measuring the transporting velocity of the straw raw material；
In the infrared heating zones of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, stirrer is provided between the infrared radiation heating pipe per two,
The stirrer is used to stir the straw raw material, promotes the volatilization of moisture.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the granulating disc, the mixture inlet is located at
Granulating disc top, the particulate mixtures outlet arrange water above granulating disc bottom, and disk wherein
Shower nozzle.
6. a kind of method that biomass carbon base urea fertilizer is prepared using straw based on the arbitrary described system of claim 1-5,
Characterized in that, including step：
A, straw raw material is transported to the material pit stacks 1～3 day, the feeding charging is transported to via the grab bucket afterwards
In device；
B, the straw raw material are entered in the revolving bed pyrolysis oven, in the work of the material-homogenating device by the feeding feed arrangement
Be evenly arranged in under on flitch, pass sequentially through the infrared heating zones, gas heating area, the moisture in the straw raw material and
Organic volatile matter is separated successively, obtains biomass carbon；
C, the biomass carbon is transported in the blending bunker, and is added thereto to binding agent and urea fertilizer is mixed
Close, obtain mixture；
D, the mixture is sent in the granulating disc, starts granulating disc, open sprinkler head spray into it is a certain amount of
Moisture, carries out granulation process, obtains particulate mixtures；
E, the particulate mixtures are sequentially sent to carry out in the drying unit, packing apparatus to dry, packing is obtained after processing
Required product, i.e. biomass carbon base urea fertilizer.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that before the step A, also including the pre- place of straw raw material
Reason step：
Straw is carried out being crushed to particle diameter ＜ 50；And/or,
It is 15～20wt% that the straw of moisture content >=20wt% is dried to moisture content；
By the straw briquetting that particle diameter ＜ 50, moisture content is 15～20wt%.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step B, the rotating speed of the revolving bed pyrolysis oven is
10～40min/r；
Straw raw material thickness on the flitch is 20～50；
Infrared radiation heating pipe in the infrared heating zones is 50～80 with the vertical range of the straw raw material upper surface,
Radiated infrared optical wavelength is 1～30 μm；Stirrer lower limb is 5～10 with the vertical range on the flitch surface；
Regenerative gas radiant tube in the gas heating area is 50～80 with the vertical range of the straw raw material upper surface
, the temperature of regenerative gas radiant tube is 650～700 DEG C.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step C, the biomass carbon and urea fertilizer
Mass ratio is 5：0.8～1.4, it is 8～12wt% that the addition of the binding agent accounts for the percentage of the mixture；
The binding agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose or the one kind in oxidized starch.
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the rotary speed of the granulating disc is 30r/min,
The angle of inclination of the rotating disk is 45 °；
It is 12～25wt% that the moisture of the penetrating accounts for the percentage of the mixture；
The drying temperature is 40～65 DEG C.
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| CN201611138834.4A CN106518475A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | System and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw |
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| CN201611138834.4A CN106518475A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | System and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw |
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| CN108586023A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-09-28 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of biomass carbon base urea and preparation method thereof |
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