CN110071693A - A kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increasing product method towards distribution status monitoring - Google Patents

A kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increasing product method towards distribution status monitoring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110071693A
CN110071693A CN201910302853.3A CN201910302853A CN110071693A CN 110071693 A CN110071693 A CN 110071693A CN 201910302853 A CN201910302853 A CN 201910302853A CN 110071693 A CN110071693 A CN 110071693A
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China
Prior art keywords
circuit
transistor
controlled oscillator
voltage controlled
formula
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CN201910302853.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邹宇
池小兵
谢振俊
陈恒龙
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Qinzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Qinzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910302853.3A priority Critical patent/CN110071693A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/30—Structural combination of electric measuring instruments with basic electronic circuits, e.g. with amplifier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B7/00—Generation of oscillations using active element having a negative resistance between two of its electrodes
    • H03B7/02—Generation of oscillations using active element having a negative resistance between two of its electrodes with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
    • H03B7/06—Generation of oscillations using active element having a negative resistance between two of its electrodes with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element being semiconductor device

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of voltage controlled oscillators towards distribution status monitoring and its noise reduction to increase product method, belongs to power distribution network monitoring running state field.The voltage controlled oscillator is based on a kind of novel 5.17GHz CMOS, using the capacitive feedback technology for improving circuit quality factor, it can be under the premise of not needing additional substrate bias voltage, the ghost effect of circuit is reduced in high band, and the phase noise of circuit is improved, while using the power consumption for reducing circuit from Substrate bias technology for not needing Substrate bias voltage.The present invention improves the quality factor of circuit using capacitive feedback technology, thereby reduces phase noise；Using the operating voltage for reducing circuit from Substrate bias technology, the power consumption of circuit is thereby reduced.

Description

A kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increasing product method towards distribution status monitoring
Technical field
The invention belongs to match net state operational monitoring technical field, specifically a kind of voltage-controlled vibration towards distribution status monitoring It swings device and its noise reduction increases product pressure method.
Background technique
Developed country has begun to the research in terms of distribution system on-line monitoring technique very early, but initial stage is because by technology Operation of power networks bad environments are added in limitation, and variable factor is more, the result and distribution system virtual condition of system state monitoring Not exclusively corresponding etc. reasons, cause monitoring technology to develop slowly, application is also restrained.With basic technology and theoretical hair Exhibition, POWER SYSTEM STATE plant quarantine have gradually developed.But technical application or immature, investment and output ratio are not It is ideal.
Currently, communicating, the development of information technology with network, electric network state monitoring is sent out towards globalization, systematization direction It opens up, novel sensor technology and intelligent information processing technology will be more applied in electric system, however, distribution Running State There are still problems for on-line checking, and the quality factor such as circuit is low, and phase noise is high, and detection circuit power consumption height etc. is asked Topic, therefore, it is necessary to a kind of voltage controlled oscillator towards distribution status monitoring is provided and its noise reduction increase product pressure method solve it is above-mentioned Technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of voltage controlled oscillators towards distribution status monitoring and its noise reduction to increase product Pressure method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of novel cross coupling structure voltage controlled oscillator based on capacitive feedback technology, to reduce the power supply electricity of circuit Pressure and power consumption.By using transistor M3And M4Realize from Substrate bias technology, the low voltage operating, low of circuit may be implemented Power consumption performance, centre cap inductance L and varactor Cvar in circuit compose in parallel LC resonance circuit, by capacitor C1、C2 And C3The shunt capacitance feedback control loop of composition is used to improve the quality factor of circuit, transistor M1And M2The cross-coupling of composition is brilliant Body pipe pair, for generating negative value impedance, to compensate the impedance in LC resonance circuit, to realize oscillation.Transistor M3And M4Composition is brilliant Body pipe M1And M2Substrate bias circuit, for reducing required circuital current, and then reduce power consumption.
As further scheme of the invention, the voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increase product method by transistor M1And M2Group At cross-coupled pair behavior principle it is similar with full-wave rectifier.Transistor M3And M4It is handed under saturation state and off state For transformation, so that output signal Vout1And Vout2There is 180 ° of phase difference, differential signal is realized, so that Substrate bias The low-power consumption index of circuit so can be realized at full wave rectified signal in voltage transformation.
The threshold voltage V as caused by body bias effectTBecome:
Wherein:
In upper two formula, Vt0Threshold voltage when being connected for the source level of MOS transistor with substrate,For the body Fermi of semiconductor Gesture, γ are the body-effect coefficient of transistor, and q is electron charge, NAFor the doping concentration of substrate, εsiIt is normal for the opposite dielectric of silicon Number, ε0For permittivity of vacuum.COXFor unit area gate oxide capacitance, formula (20) shows to work as VSBWhen reduction, threshold voltage VTAlso reduce.
When metal-oxide-semiconductor works under saturation zone state, drain current IDIt indicates are as follows:
In formula, μnFor electron mobility, W and L are respectively broadband and the length of transistor channel, VGSFor the grid source of transistor Voltage across poles.
As further scheme of the invention, the voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increase product method in two difference output ends A capacitor C is introduced between mouthful2, capacitor C2Introducing the Q-factor of circuit can be improved, and then realize and reduce phase noise Target.
The circuit diagram that proposed quality factor q develops skill is given shown in Fig. 4, it is full symmetric in view of circuit or so, For the sake of easy analysis, Fig. 5 gives the half of circuit of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 gives the equivalent electricity of high frequency small-signal of Fig. 4 Road can release impedance Z by Fig. 6in2hAre as follows:
It can be obtained through deriving, K2It is approximately:
Wherein:
By Fig. 6, it will thus be seen that
Zin2=2Zin2h (28)
It, can be by the r in formula (1) as circuit work frequency relatively low (< 10GHz)o2It is neglected with parasitic capacitance, this Z can be obtained by formula (23) and (28) by carvingin2Simplified style are as follows:
It further can be derived from input impedance ZinIt may be expressed as:
In circuit design, if making C1=C2=C3It sets up, then ZinIt can indicate again are as follows:
By input impedance ZinIt is converted into input admittance Yin, such as shown in formula (33):
By formula (32) and (33), we are available:
In order to enable circuit opens oscillatory regime, need to meet:
Gp+Gn< 0 (35)
In above formula, GpFor the loss in LC resonance circuit.
The frequency of oscillation of circuit can be obtained by formula (23) and (34) are as follows:
The phase noise of circuit and quality factor q are closely related, in order to reduce the phase noise of circuit, it is necessary to study one The quality factor q of lower circuit, the Q of circuit may be expressed as:
In formula, GTFor total mutual conductance of VCO circuit, it is equal to GpAnd GnSum.Equivalent capacity CTEqual to CvarAnd CnSum, it may be assumed that
Thus by formula (37) and (38) as it can be seen that capacitor C2Introducing the Q value of circuit can be improved, and then realize and reduce phase The target of noise.
As further scheme of the invention, the voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increase product method and use cross coupling structure Higher frequency of oscillation and better stability are provided.
The method have the advantages that:
1., the present invention by using transistor realize from Substrate bias technology, may be implemented circuit low voltage operating, Low power capabilities.
2, the product for improving circuit may be implemented by using the shunt capacitance feedback control loop being made of three capacitors in the present invention Prime factor.
3, the present invention is by using the cross-coupled transistor pairs being made of two transistors, for generating negative value impedance, To compensate the impedance in LC resonance circuit, to realize oscillation.
4, invention provides higher frequency of oscillation using the voltage controlled oscillator of cross coupling structure, while enhancing voltage-controlled vibration Swing the stability of device.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is typical cross-coupling voltage-controlled oscillator circuit figure
Fig. 2 is the cross-coupling voltage-controlled oscillator circuit figure after the capacitor for not adding feedback effect
Fig. 3 is a kind of cross coupling structure voltage-controlled oscillator circuit figure based on capacitive feedback technology proposed by the invention
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that quality factor develops skill
Fig. 5 is from Substrate bias one side of something circuit
High frequency small-signal equivalent circuit of the Fig. 6 from Substrate bias one side of something circuit
In figure: inductance L, varactor Cvar, transistor M1, transistor M2, transistor M3, transistor M4, capacitor C1, electricity Hold C2, capacitor C3, device power source end Vdd, performance testing tool Vtune, power supply export Vout1, power supply export Vout2, voltage measurement Vbody1, voltage measurement Vbody2。
Specific embodiment
Referring to FIG. 1, a kind of typical CMOS cross-coupling formula voltage controlled oscillator, frequency of oscillation is by inductance L and transfiguration Diode CvarIt is determined, by transistor M1And M2The negative resistance that the cross-coupling active circuit of composition generates, for compensating LC resonance The loss in circuit.
Referring to FIG. 2, the cross-coupling voltage controlled oscillator being added after the not capacitor of feedback effect is shown, although should The structural improvement phase noise of circuit, but power consumption is relatively large.
Referring to FIG. 3, being a kind of cross coupling structure voltage controlled oscillation based on capacitive feedback technology proposed by the invention Device, introduces a capacitor between two difference output ports, which has feedback effect, can further decrease circuit Phase noise；Meanwhile by using transistor M3And M4Realize from Substrate bias technology, the low-voltage work of circuit may be implemented Make, low power capabilities, centre cap inductance L and varactor C in circuitvarLC resonance circuit is composed in parallel, by capacitor C1、C2And C3The shunt capacitance feedback control loop of composition is used to improve the quality factor of circuit, transistor M1And M2The intersection coupling of composition Transistor pair is closed, for generating negative value impedance, to compensate the impedance in LC resonance circuit, to realize oscillation.Transistor M3And M4Group At transistor M1And M2Substrate bias circuit, for reducing required circuital current, and then reduce power consumption.
Referring to FIG. 3, by transistor M1And M2The behavior principle of the cross-coupled pair of composition is similar with full-wave rectifier.It is brilliant Body pipe M3And M4The checker under saturation state and off state, so that output signal Vout1And Vout2There is 180 ° of phase Potential difference realizes differential signal, so that at full wave rectified signal, the low of circuit is so can be realized in Substrate bias voltage transformation Power consumption index.
Referring to FIG. 4, the circuit diagram is the partial circuit diagram of Fig. 3, which realizes capacitive feedback function, capacitor C2Draw Enter the Q-factor of circuit can be improved, and then realizes the target for reducing phase noise.
Circuit involved in the present invention and control are the prior art, herein without excessively repeating.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is carried out etc. With replacement.Protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solution of claim record, the technical solution recorded including claim The protection scope for being equal to the scheme of changing of middle technical characteristic.Equivalent replacement i.e. within this range is improved, also in protection of the invention Within the scope of.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction towards distribution status monitoring increases product method, the voltage controlled oscillator has noise reduction The effect of increasing product is a kind of voltage controlled oscillator of novel cross coupling structure based on capacitive feedback technology, the voltage controlled oscillator By reducing phase noise when with Running State on-line monitoring with capacitive feedback technology, circuit quality factor is improved, It is characterized in that:
The cross coupling structure voltage controlled oscillator proposed can provide higher frequency of oscillation and better stability, lead to It crosses using transistor M3And M4Realize from Substrate bias technology, low voltage operating, the low power capabilities of circuit may be implemented, electricity Centre cap inductance L and varactor Cvar in road compose in parallel LC resonance circuit, between two difference output ports Introduce a capacitor C2, by capacitor C1、C2And C3The shunt capacitance feedback control loop of composition, capacitor C2Introducing can improve circuit Quality factor, and then realize the phase noise for reducing circuit, transistor M1And M2The cross-coupled transistor pairs of composition, for producing Raw negative value impedance, to compensate the impedance in LC resonance circuit, to realize oscillation.Transistor M3And M4In saturation state and cut-off shape Checker realizes differential signal under state, so that Substrate bias voltage transformation is at full wave rectified signal, transistor M3And M4Group At transistor M1And M2Substrate bias circuit, for reducing required circuital current, and then reduce power consumption.
2. a kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction towards distribution status monitoring increases product method according to claim 1, special Sign is: a capacitor C is introduced between two difference output ports2, capacitor C1、C2And C3The shunt capacitance feedback control loop of composition For improving the quality factor of circuit, the phase noise of circuit, capacitor C are reduced2Introducing the quality factor of circuit can be improved Value, and then realize reduction phase noise.
The circuit diagram that proposed quality factor q develops skill is given shown in Fig. 4, it is full symmetric in view of circuit or so, in order to For the sake of easy analysis, Fig. 5 gives the half of circuit of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 gives the high frequency small-signal equivalent circuit of Fig. 4, by scheming 6 can release impedance Zin2hAre as follows:
Wherein gmFor transistor M2Body mutual conductance gmb2With transistor M2Mutual conductance gm2Equivalent transconductance, ro2For transistor M2Small signal it is defeated Impedance out, Cds2And Cgd2Respectively transistor M2Drain-source grade between capacitor, C between capacitor and gate-drain gradegs4For transistor M4Grid- Capacitor between source level, gain K2It may be expressed as:
It can be obtained through deriving, K2It is approximately:
Wherein:
By Fig. 6, it will thus be seen that
Zin2=2Zin2h (6)
It, can be by the r in formula (1) as circuit work frequency relatively low (< 10GHz)o2Neglected with parasitic capacitance, this moment by Formula (1) and (6) can obtain Zin2Simplified style are as follows:
It further can be derived from input impedance ZinIt may be expressed as:
In circuit design, if making C1=C2=C3It sets up, then ZinIt can indicate again are as follows:
By input impedance ZinIt is converted into input admittance Yin, such as shown in formula (15).
By formula (10) and (11), we are available:
In order to enable circuit opens oscillatory regime, need to meet:
Gp+Gn< 0 (13)
In above formula, GpFor the loss in LC resonance circuit.
The frequency of oscillation of circuit can be obtained by formula (1) and (12) are as follows:
The phase noise of circuit and quality factor q are closely related, in order to reduce the phase noise of circuit, it is necessary to study electric The Q of the quality factor q on road, circuit may be expressed as:
In formula, GTFor total mutual conductance of VCO circuit, it is equal to GpAnd GnSum.Equivalent capacity CTEqual to CvarAnd CnSum, it may be assumed that
Thus by formula (15) and (16) as it can be seen that capacitor C2Introducing the Q value of circuit can be improved, and then realize and reduce phase noise Target.
3. a kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction towards distribution status monitoring according to claim 1 increases product method, It is characterized in: transistor M3And M4Checker realizes differential signal under saturation state and off state, so that Substrate bias Voltage transformation is at full wave rectified signal.
4. a kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction towards distribution status monitoring according to claim 1 increases product method, It is characterized in: transistor M3And M4Form transistor M1And M2Substrate bias circuit, for reducing required circuital current, into And reduce power consumption.
In most of IC design, the source level of MOS transistor is connected with substrate, but the also lining of some MOS transistors Bottom is to be connected to certain bias voltage, this moment, the threshold voltage V as caused by body bias effectTThen become:
Wherein:
In upper two formula, Vt0Threshold voltage when being connected for the source level of MOS transistor with substrate,For the fermi potential of semiconductor, γ is the body-effect coefficient of transistor, and q is electron charge, NAFor the doping concentration of substrate, εsiFor the relative dielectric constant of silicon, ε0 For permittivity of vacuum.COXFor unit area gate oxide capacitance, formula (17) shows to work as VSBWhen reduction, threshold voltage VTAlso subtract It is small.
When metal-oxide-semiconductor works under saturation zone state, drain current IDIt indicates are as follows:
In formula, μnFor electron mobility, W and L are respectively broadband and the length of transistor channel, VGSBetween the grid source electrode of transistor Voltage.
By transistor M1And M2The behavior principle of the cross-coupled pair of composition is similar with full-wave rectifier.Transistor M3And M4It is being saturated Checker under state and off state, so that output signal Vout1And Vout2There is 180 ° of phase difference, realizes difference letter Number, so that the low-power consumption index of circuit at full wave rectified signal, so can be realized in Substrate bias voltage transformation.
5. a kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction towards distribution status monitoring according to claim 1 increases product method, Be characterized in: the voltage controlled oscillator of cross coupling structure can provide higher frequency of oscillation, improve the stability of voltage controlled oscillator.
CN201910302853.3A 2019-04-16 2019-04-16 A kind of voltage controlled oscillator and its noise reduction increasing product method towards distribution status monitoring Pending CN110071693A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083450A (en) * 2007-07-16 2007-12-05 北京航空航天大学 Substrate bias frequency mixer
CN101753100A (en) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-23 北京大学 Voltage controlled oscillator
CN104852732A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-08-19 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 Voltage-controlled oscillator with low power dissipation, low noise and high linear gain
CN108768301A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-11-06 东南大学 A kind of LC voltage controlled oscillators of substrate dynamic bias
CN209593376U (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-11-05 广西电网有限责任公司钦州供电局 A kind of voltage controlled oscillator towards distribution status monitoring

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083450A (en) * 2007-07-16 2007-12-05 北京航空航天大学 Substrate bias frequency mixer
CN101753100A (en) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-23 北京大学 Voltage controlled oscillator
CN104852732A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-08-19 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 Voltage-controlled oscillator with low power dissipation, low noise and high linear gain
CN108768301A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-11-06 东南大学 A kind of LC voltage controlled oscillators of substrate dynamic bias
CN209593376U (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-11-05 广西电网有限责任公司钦州供电局 A kind of voltage controlled oscillator towards distribution status monitoring

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