CN110068526A - A kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system and method - Google Patents
A kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110068526A CN110068526A CN201910266809.1A CN201910266809A CN110068526A CN 110068526 A CN110068526 A CN 110068526A CN 201910266809 A CN201910266809 A CN 201910266809A CN 110068526 A CN110068526 A CN 110068526A
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- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005040 ion trap Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003189 isokinetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system and method, PM10Whirlwind cutter, PM2.5Whirlwind cutter, sampling air flow flowmeter, level-one diluter, secondary dilution device, electrically charged particle measuring device, particulate filter, flue gas flow meter, flue gas stream control valve and sampling pump are sequentially connected, and the compressed air that air compressor provides is divided into three tunnels: dried and clean air-flow road, level-one carrier gas flow path and secondary dilution air-flow road after entering compressed air buffering and processing unit；Lead to the input end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device on dried and clean air-flow road, and level-one carrier gas flow path leads to the level-one dilution air flow import of level-one diluter, and the secondary dilution airflow inlet of level-one diluter is led on secondary dilution air-flow road.The particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system has particle sampling measurement feedback in time, and cooling dilution sufficiently, avoids pipeline blockage, measurement result is accurate, system stable operation time longer remarkable advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to particulate matter detection technique fields, in particular, being related to a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements
System and method.
Background technique
The sample detecting of flue gas particles can be not only used for the generation and control characteristic research of flue gas pollutant, Er Qie
Play a significant role in research in terms of particulate matter specificity analysis, atmospheric pollution effect and source resolution, it is especially de- in particulate matter
Except performance and source resolution field have great application prospect.
Particulate matter be divided into can trap particulate matter and condensable particulate matter, condensable particulate matter refers to particulate matter in flue gas ring
Gaseous state, the particulate matter formed after diluting temperature-fall period into atmosphere are in border.Currently, domestic can trap mainly for flue gas
Particulate matter carries out sampling analysis.The external existing method of sampling for condensable particulate matter, which mainly passes through dilution cooling effect, to be made
It forms the particulate matter being easily captured.
Can the sample detecting of trap particulate matter to be based primarily upon the air dynamic behaviour of particulate matter, electrology characteristic and filtering special
Property.Filtering feature is the common support mechanism of the conventional granulates object method of sampling, belongs to on-line sampling offline inspection, typically there is filter
Cylinder sampling and filter membrane sampling.Electrology characteristic is widely used in particulate matter non-direct contact sampling, mainly relies on charged particle thing
The induced current generated in motion process corresponds to the sampled concentrations of particulate matter, belongs to on-line checking, often with the sky of particulate matter
Aerodynamics characteristic is used simultaneously.Air dynamic behaviour is particulate matter with the characteristic embodied during air motion, also can
Directly pollution and migration characteristic of the reflection particulate matter in atmospheric environment, therefore it is widely used in adopting for fine particle (PM2.5)
In sample detection, on-line sampling offline inspection is also belonged to.
Currently, the domestic particle sampling measurement method being widely used be based primarily upon particulate matter air dynamic behaviour and
Filtering feature, the method for belonging to on-line sampling offline inspection can not reflect the sampled concentrations of particulate matter, such as application number in real time
It is 2015209117881, Authorization Notice No. is the Chinese patent of CN205120442U: the sampling of stationary source flue gas particles dilution method
System, the system can not reflect the sampled concentrations of particulate matter in real time.
In the sampling process of current flue gas particles, adopted in particular for the flue gas particles of minimum discharge coal unit
In sample detection process, since particle concentration is lower in tail flue gas, particle concentration point in back-end ductwork environment is existed simultaneously
Preferable isokinetic sampling is difficult to realize in cloth unevenness and sampling process so that in flue gas the sampling of particulate matter there are deviation,
And the method for on-line sampling offline inspection is difficult to timely feedback sampling deviation and be adjusted immediately, can only pass through subsequent sample point
Analysis substantially increases the load of sample detecting work to adjust sampling process next time.In addition, in current coal burning machine
In the case that group load is unstable, it is easy to miss the good chance of sample detecting, so that sample detecting result not can accurately reflect
Actual conditions.
Therefore, it is necessary to which existing particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system is improved and is optimized.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above deficiencies in the existing technologies, and provide it is a kind of it is reasonable in design,
System perfecting, based on dilution cooling and ionize charged effect can trap particulate matter and condensable particulate matter on-line dilution sampling survey
Amount system, and provide its method.
Technical solution used by the present invention solves the above problems is: a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system,
It is characterized by comprising PM10Whirlwind cutter, PM2.5Whirlwind cutter, air compressor, compressed air buffering and processing dress
Set, level-one diluter, secondary dilution device, dried and clean air-flow ionization device, electrically charged particle measuring device, particulate filter and
Sampling pump；The level-one diluter is equipped with gas inlet, mixed flue gas outlet, the import of level-one dilution air flow, secondary dilution gas
Flow into mouth and secondary dilution air stream outlet；The PM10Whirlwind cutter and PM2.5The connection of whirlwind cutter；The PM2.5Whirlwind is cut
The gas outlet of cutter passes through the gas inlet of piping connection level-one diluter, and sampling air flow flowmeter is installed on the pipeline；
The outlet end of the dried and clean air-flow ionization device is connect with the input end of electrically charged particle measuring device；The level-one diluter
Mixed flue gas outlet and secondary dilution air stream outlet be all connected with the inlet end of secondary dilution device, and go out in secondary dilution air-flow
Secondary dilution stream pressure table is installed at mouthful；The secondary dilution device outlet side connection dried and clean air-flow ionization device with
The connection intersection of electrically charged particle measuring device；The electrically charged particle measuring device outlet end connection particulate filter into
Port；The gas outlet of the particulate filter is connect by pipeline with sampling pump, and on the pipeline according to airflow direction according to
It is secondary that flue gas flow meter and flue gas stream control valve are installed；The air compressor and compressed air buffering and processing unit into
Port installs compressed air control valve on the pipeline by piping connection；Compressed air buffering and processing unit
Gas outlet branches into three tunnels: dried and clean air-flow road, level-one carrier gas flow path and secondary dilution air-flow road；The dried and clean gas
Flow path leads to the input end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device, and dried and clean air-flow road is successively installed according to airflow direction
There are dried and clean control damper and dried and clean air flow meter；The level-one carrier gas flow path leads to the one of level-one diluter
Grade dilution air flow import, and level-one dilution air flow road according to airflow direction be sequentially installed with level-one dilution air flow control valve and
Level-one dilution air flow flowmeter；Lead to the secondary dilution airflow inlet of level-one diluter on secondary dilution air-flow road, and two
Grade dilution air flow road is sequentially installed with secondary dilution control damper and secondary dilution air flow meter according to airflow direction.
Preferably, this system further includes data processor, the data processor and electrically charged particle measuring device communication link
It connects.
Preferably, the PM10Whirlwind cutter and PM2.5The bottom of whirlwind cutter has ash bucket.
Preferably, the level-one diluter is concentric four layers of cylindrical structure, and innermost layer is first layer, and so on, first
The barrel of layer cylinder is the totally-enclosed microcellular structure of stainless steel, and gas inlet and mixed flue gas outlet are located at the two of first layer cylinder
End；The barrel of second layer cylinder is stainless steel full-closed structure, and level-one dilution air flow import is located at the end of second layer cylinder；The
The barrel of three layers of cylinder is stainless steel semi-closed structure, and secondary dilution air stream outlet is located at the end of third layer cylinder；4th layer
The barrel of cylinder is stainless steel full-closed structure, and secondary dilution airflow inlet is located at the end of the 4th layer of cylinder.
Preferably, the inlet end of the secondary dilution device is divided into sampling air flow admission line and secondary dilution air-flow air inlet pipe
The mixed flue gas outlet in road, the level-one diluter connects sampling air flow admission line, the secondary dilution of the level-one diluter
Air stream outlet connects secondary dilution air-flow admission line；Sampling air flow admission line end is conical structure, the circular cone
Body structure is located at the internal cavity entrance center of secondary dilution device, and the conical structure and secondary dilution air-flow admission line hang down
It is straight to intersect；The internal cavity inlet of the sampling air flow admission line and secondary dilution device constitutes the air inlet gas of secondary dilution device
Circulation road, the intake air channel are in " gradually laval nozzle " form.
Preferably, the dried and clean air-flow ionization device uses corona pin point discharge structure, and corona needle tip is placed
In the outlet end center of dried and clean air-flow ionization device, discharge voltage uses positive 5000 V.
Preferably, the input end of the electrically charged particle measuring device is opposite with the outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device
The structure in " gradually laval nozzle " is constituted, the electrically charged particle measuring device internal cavity uses ion trap structure, is equipped with electric current
Measurement accuracy is the electronic gauge of 0.1 fA, and the electronic gauge is connected with data processor communication.
Preferably, the particulate filter uses condensable particulate matter filter membrane.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides another technical solutions: a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampling survey
Amount method is used for above system, and steps are as follows:
Step 1: by PM10Whirlwind cutter and PM2.5Whirlwind cutter is placed in sampling flue, or is arranged using heating and thermal insulation
It applies, is consistent sampling environment with flue environment；
Step 2: sampling flue gas enters PM10After whirlwind cutter, aerodynamic size greater than 10 microns can arrested particles
Object is segregated into PM10The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter, remaining particulate matter enter PM with sampling flue gas2.5Whirlwind cutter, air are dynamic
Mechanics partial size greater than 2.5 microns can trap particulate matter be segregated into PM2.5The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter, remaining particulate matter with
Sampling flue gas enters in the first layer cylinder of level-one diluter；
Step 3: the compressed air that air compressor provides passes sequentially through compressed air control valve and compressed air buffering and processing
Device is then divided into three tunnels, respectively level-one dilution air flow, secondary dilution air-flow and dried and clean air-flow；It samples flue gas and enters one
Grade diluter, level-one dilution air flow are entered in the second layer cylinder of level-one diluter by level-one carrier gas flow path, keep level-one
Dilution air flow and sampling flue gas are in the opposite type of flow, and the flow of control level-one dilution air flow is 1.5 sampling flue gas flows, and one
Grade dilution air flow enters first layer cylinder by micropore and mixes with sampling flue gas；Secondary dilution air-flow passes through secondary dilution air-flow road
It into the 4th layer of cylinder of level-one diluter, is flowed out after third layer cylinder from secondary dilution air stream outlet, keeps third
Secondary dilution air-flow and level-one dilution air flow in second layer cylinder are in the opposite type of flow in layer cylinder；
Step 4: secondary dilution air-flow from secondary dilution air stream outlet outflow after enter secondary dilution device secondary dilution air-flow into
Feed channel, subsequently enters the internal cavity of secondary dilution device, and charge air flow makes sampling air flow air inlet pipe by " Venturi effect "
The cone pressure against the ends in road samples smoke air inlet pressure lower than secondary dilution device, promotes to sample cigarette by " pressure difference effect "
Gas enters secondary dilution device, samples flue gas and secondary dilution air-flow is sufficiently mixed in the internal cavity of secondary dilution device；Second level is dilute
The dilution ratio for releasing device is controlled by the air pressure of sampling smoke air inlet and secondary dilution air-flow air inlet air pressure of secondary dilution device；
It samples total dilution ratio control of the flue gas after level-one dilution and secondary dilution and is greater than 20 times, sample flue gas total residence time
Greater than 10s, dilutes post-sampling flue-gas temperature and be lower than 42 DEG C；
Step 5: dried and clean air-flow is entered in dried and clean air-flow ionization device by dried and clean air-flow road, dried and clean
Air is ionized by the high voltage positive corona of corona pin, and the cation of generation passes through dried and clean air-flow with the dry clean gas flow of high speed
The outlet nozzle of ionization device enters electrically charged particle measuring device；
It is constituted step 6: the input end of the electrically charged particle measuring device is opposite with the outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device
In the structure of " gradually laval nozzle ", air-flow makes the pressure at inlet of electrically charged particle measuring device lower than two by " Venturi effect "
Grade diluter sample flue gas gas outlet pressure, by " pressure difference effect " promote sampling flue gas enter electrically charged particle measuring device into
Mouth end, is sufficiently mixed with the air-flow of dried and clean air-flow ionization device outlet end, and the particulate matter sampled in flue gas is taken by charged
Charge；
Step 7: the mixed at high speed air-flow that dried and clean air and electrically charged particle object are formed enters electrically charged particle measuring device, do
Dry pure air forms cavity wall inside sheath air-flow continuous erosion electrically charged particle measuring device, keeps cavity wall clean, electrically charged particle object
By the ion trap inside electrically charged particle measuring device, sensor current signal is generated by electronic surveying by " Faraday cup effect "
Instrument captures, and is transferred in data processor by data line and calculates electrically charged particle object concentration；Electrically charged particle object passes through with flue gas
Electrically charged particle measuring device outlet end enters particulate filter by trap filter；The filtered flue gas of particulate filter passes through
Sampling pump discharge.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect:
(1) in PM10Whirlwind cutter and PM2.5On the basis of particulate matter pre-separation is realized in the series connection of whirlwind cutter, joint is multistage
Dilution device, dilution ionic particles charge device and high-efficiency particulate separating and filtering device are, it can be achieved that can trap particulate matter and can
Condense the on-line sampling measurement of particulate matter；
(2) PM10Whirlwind cutter and PM2.5Aerodynamic size catching greater than 2.5 microns is realized in the series connection of whirlwind cutter
The pre-separation for collecting particulate matter, on the one hand mitigates the sampling load of subsequent particle sampling device, avoids pipeline blockage, on the other hand
Subsequent electrically charged particle on-line measurement result is influenced by large-size particles object by particulate matter pre-separation, furthermore passes through sky
Aerodynamics partial size less than or equal to 2.5 microns can trap particulate matter promote condensable particle in subsequent dilution temperature-fall period
The condensation nucleation process of object；
(3) level-one diluter uses concentric four layers of cylindrical structure, and first layer cylindrical wall uses the totally-enclosed microcellular structure of stainless steel, the
Two layers of cylindrical wall use stainless steel full-closed structure, and third layer cylindrical wall uses stainless steel semi-closed structure, the 4th layer of cylindrical wall
Using stainless steel full-closed structure；Using multi-layer cylinder structure, it is dilute that level-one is on the one hand realized by heating level-one dilution air flow
The cooling diluting effect in device is released, on the other hand realizes sampling flue gas in level-one diluter by heating secondary dilution air-flow
Further cooling；
(4) intake air channel of secondary dilution device constitutes " gradually laval nozzle " form, on the one hand by adjusting secondary dilution gas
Flowing pressure realizes the control of secondary dilution device dilution ratio, so that total dilution ratio of control system, on the other hand utilizes " literary mound
In effect " promote sampling flue gas enter secondary dilution device, further promote sampling flue gas dilution coagulation；
(5) dried and clean air-flow ionization device carries out corona ionization to the dry clean gas flow of high speed, on the one hand can be at charged
Grain measuring device entrance carries out charging particle and further dilution to the sampling flue gas that secondary dilution device exports, on the other hand dry
Pure air can form cavity wall inside sheath air-flow continuous erosion electrically charged particle measuring device, keep cavity wall clean；
(6) dried and clean air-flow ionization device outlet end and electrically charged particle measuring device input end constitute " gradually laval nozzle " shape
On the one hand formula utilizes " Venturi effect " that sampling flue gas is promoted to enter electrically charged particle measuring device entrance, on the other hand reduces pump
Enter the interference that system passes through electrically charged particle measuring device inner ion trap to electrically charged particle；
(7) electrically charged particle measuring device and data processor joint, can show the sampled concentrations of particulate matter, in time with on-line measurement
Feedback sample deviation is adjusted immediately, dramatically reduce sample detecting work load, current coal unit load not
In the case where stabilization, the opportunity of sample detecting is preferably held, so that sample detecting result can accurately reflect actual conditions；
(8) electrically charged particle measuring device is combined with particulate filter, on the one hand can make the on-line measurement of particulate matter and online
Sampling offline inspection is compared, to more accurately reflect the sampled concentrations of particulate matter, on the other hand the sample of acquisition can be with
Carry out further test and analyze；
(9) in time, cooling dilution sufficiently, avoids pipe to particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system particles object sampled measurements feedback
Road blocking, measurement result is accurate, and the system stable operation time is longer.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific implementation in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or scheme in the prior art
Mode or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description
It is some embodiments of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, may be used also
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of symbols: PM10Whirlwind cutter 1, PM2.5Whirlwind cutter 2, sampling air flow flowmeter 3, air compression
Machine 4, compressed air control valve 5, compressed air buffering and processing unit 6, secondary dilution control damper 7, level-one dilution air flow
Control valve 8, dried and clean control damper 9, dried and clean air flow meter 10, level-one dilution air flow flowmeter 11, second level are dilute
Release air flow meter 12, level-one diluter 13, secondary dilution stream pressure table 14, secondary dilution device 15, dried and clean air-flow electricity
From device 16, electrically charged particle measuring device 17, data processor 18, particulate filter 19, flue gas flow meter 20, flue gas stream
Control valve 21, sampling pump 22.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing and by embodiment, and following embodiment is to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment is a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system, including PM10Whirlwind cutter 1,
PM2.5Whirlwind cutter 2, air compressor 4, compressed air buffering and processing unit 6, level-one diluter 13, secondary dilution device
15, it dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16, electrically charged particle measuring device 17, particulate filter 19, data processor 18 and adopts
Sample pump 22.
In the present embodiment, level-one diluter 13 be equipped with gas inlet, mixed flue gas outlet, the import of level-one dilution air flow,
Secondary dilution airflow inlet and secondary dilution air stream outlet.Level-one diluter 13 is concentric four layers of cylindrical structure, innermost layer the
One layer, and so on, the barrel of first layer cylinder is the totally-enclosed microcellular structure of stainless steel, gas inlet and mixed flue gas outlet position
In the both ends of first layer cylinder；The barrel of second layer cylinder is stainless steel full-closed structure, and level-one dilution air flow import is located at the
The end of two layers of cylinder；The barrel of third layer cylinder is stainless steel semi-closed structure, and secondary dilution air stream outlet is located at third layer
The end of cylinder；The barrel of 4th layer of cylinder is stainless steel full-closed structure, and secondary dilution airflow inlet is located at the 4th layer of cylinder
End.
In the present embodiment, PM10Whirlwind cutter 1 and PM2.5Whirlwind cutter 2 connects；The bottom of the two has ash bucket.
PM2.5The gas outlet of whirlwind cutter 2 passes through the gas inlet of piping connection level-one diluter 13, and installs and adopt on the pipeline
Sample air flow meter 3.
In the present embodiment, the outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16 and the input end of electrically charged particle measuring device 17
Connection.Dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16 uses corona pin point discharge structure, and corona needle tip is placed in dried and clean gas
The outlet end center of ionization device 16 is flowed, discharge voltage uses positive 5000 V.The input end of electrically charged particle measuring device 17 and dry
The outlet end of dry clean gas flow ionization device 16 is opposite constitute be in " gradually laval nozzle " structure, in electrically charged particle measuring device 17
Portion's cavity uses ion trap structure, is equipped with current measurement precision for the electronic gauge of 0.1 fA, at electronic gauge and data
It manages the communication of device 18 to be connected, can refer to the prior art as specific structure and principle.
In the present embodiment, the mixed flue gas outlet and secondary dilution air stream outlet of level-one diluter 13 are all connected with secondary dilution
The inlet end of device 15, and secondary dilution stream pressure table 14 is installed in secondary dilution air flow outlet.Secondary dilution device 15
Inlet end be divided into sampling air flow admission line and secondary dilution air-flow admission line, the mixed flue gas outlet of level-one diluter 13
Sampling air flow admission line is connected, the secondary dilution air stream outlet of level-one diluter 13 connects secondary dilution air-flow admission line；
Sampling air flow admission line end is conical structure, which is located in the internal cavity entrance of secondary dilution device 15
Centre, and the conical structure and the admission line square crossing of secondary dilution air-flow.Sampling air flow admission line and secondary dilution device
15 internal cavity inlet constitutes the intake air channel of secondary dilution device 15, and intake air channel is in " gradually laval nozzle " shape
Formula.
In the present embodiment, the outlet side connection dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16 and electrically charged particle of secondary dilution device 15 are surveyed
Measure the connection intersection of device 17.The air inlet of the outlet end connection particulate filter 19 of electrically charged particle measuring device 17；?
The gas outlet of grain object filter 19 is connect by pipeline with sampling pump 22, and is sequentially installed on the pipeline according to airflow direction
Flue gas flow meter 20 and flue gas stream control valve 21；Particulate filter 19 uses condensable particulate matter filter membrane.
In the present embodiment, the air inlet of air compressor 4 and compressed air buffering and processing unit 6 by piping connection,
And compressed air control valve 5 is installed on the pipeline.The gas outlet of compressed air buffering and processing unit 6 branches into three tunnels: dry
Dry clean gas flow road, level-one carrier gas flow path and secondary dilution air-flow road；Dried and clean air-flow electricity is led on dried and clean air-flow road
Input end from device 16, and dried and clean air-flow road is sequentially installed with dried and clean control damper according to airflow direction
9 and dried and clean air flow meter 10；Level-one carrier gas flow path leads to the level-one dilution air flow import of level-one diluter 13, and
Level-one dilution air flow road is sequentially installed with level-one dilution air flow control valve 8 and level-one dilution air flow flowmeter according to airflow direction
11；Lead to the secondary dilution airflow inlet of level-one diluter 13 on secondary dilution air-flow road, and secondary dilution air-flow road according to
Airflow direction is sequentially installed with secondary dilution control damper 7 and secondary dilution air flow meter 12.
In the present embodiment, a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements method is used for above system, and steps are as follows:
Step 1: by PM10Whirlwind cutter 1 and PM2.5Whirlwind cutter 2 is placed in sampling flue, or uses heating and thermal insulation
Measure is consistent sampling environment with flue environment；
Step 2: sampling flue gas enters PM10After whirlwind cutter 1, aerodynamic size greater than 10 microns can arrested particles
Object is segregated into PM10The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter 1, remaining particulate matter enter PM with sampling flue gas2.5Whirlwind cutter 2, air
Aerodynamic particle size greater than 2.5 microns can trap particulate matter be segregated into PM2.5The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter 2, remaining particulate matter
Enter in the first layer cylinder of level-one diluter 13 with sampling flue gas；
Step 3: the compressed air that air compressor 4 provides passes sequentially through compressed air control valve 5 and compressed air buffering and place
Reason device 6 is then divided into three tunnels, respectively level-one dilution air flow, secondary dilution air-flow and dried and clean air-flow；Sample flue gas into
Entering level-one diluter 13, level-one dilution air flow is entered in the second layer cylinder of level-one diluter 13 by level-one carrier gas flow path,
It keeps level-one dilution air flow and sampling flue gas is in the opposite type of flow, the flow of control level-one dilution air flow is 1.5 sampling cigarettes
Throughput, level-one dilution air flow enter first layer cylinder by micropore and mix with sampling flue gas；Secondary dilution air-flow passes through second level
Carrier gas flow path enters in the 4th layer of cylinder of level-one diluter 13, from secondary dilution air stream outlet stream after third layer cylinder
Out, keeping secondary dilution air-flow and level-one dilution air flow in second layer cylinder in third layer cylinder is in the opposite type of flow；
Step 4: secondary dilution air-flow enters the secondary dilution air-flow of secondary dilution device 15 after the outflow of secondary dilution air stream outlet
Admission line, subsequently enters the internal cavity of secondary dilution device 15, charge air flow by " Venturi effect " make sampling air flow into
The cone pressure against the ends of feed channel samples smoke air inlet pressure lower than secondary dilution device 15, is promoted by " pressure difference effect "
Sampling flue gas enters secondary dilution device 15, and the internal cavity for sampling flue gas and secondary dilution air-flow in secondary dilution device 15 is sufficiently mixed
It closes；The dilution ratio of secondary dilution device 15 by secondary dilution device 15 the air pressure of sampling smoke air inlet and secondary dilution air-flow air inlet
Implication pressure is controlled；It samples total dilution ratio control of the flue gas after level-one dilution and secondary dilution and is greater than 20 times, sampling
Flue gas total residence time is greater than 10s, and dilution post-sampling flue-gas temperature is lower than 42 DEG C；
Step 5: dried and clean air-flow is entered in dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16 by dried and clean air-flow road, drying is clean
Net air is ionized by the high voltage positive corona of corona pin, and the cation of generation passes through dried and clean gas with the dry clean gas flow of high speed
The outlet nozzle of stream ionization device 16 enters electrically charged particle measuring device 17；
It is constituted step 6: the input end of electrically charged particle measuring device 17 is opposite with the outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device 16
In the structure of " gradually laval nozzle ", air-flow is lower than the pressure at inlet of electrically charged particle measuring device 17 by " Venturi effect "
Secondary dilution device 15 samples flue gas gas outlet pressure, promotes sampling flue gas to enter electrically charged particle measurement dress by " pressure difference effect "
17 input ends are set, are sufficiently mixed with the air-flow of 16 outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device, the particulate matter quilt in flue gas is sampled
It is charged to take charge；
Step 7: the mixed at high speed air-flow that dried and clean air and electrically charged particle object are formed enters electrically charged particle measuring device 17,
Dried and clean air forms 17 inside cavity wall of sheath air-flow continuous erosion electrically charged particle measuring device, keeps cavity wall clean, and charged
Grain object is electric by " Faraday cup effect " generation sensor current signal by the ion trap inside electrically charged particle measuring device 17
Sub- measuring instrument captures, and is transferred in data processor 18 by data line and calculates electrically charged particle object concentration；Electrically charged particle object with
Flue gas enters particulate filter 19 by trap filter by 17 outlet end of electrically charged particle measuring device；19 mistake of particulate filter
Flue gas after filter is discharged by sampling pump 22.
It is any ripe although the present invention is disclosed as above with embodiment, its protection scope being not intended to limit the invention
The technical staff for knowing this technology changes and retouches made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, should belong to this
The protection scope of invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system, it is characterised in that: including PM10Whirlwind cutter (1), PM2.5Whirlwind
Cutter (2), air compressor (4), compressed air buffering and processing unit (6), level-one diluter (13), secondary dilution device
(15), dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16), electrically charged particle measuring device (17), particulate filter (19) and sampling pump
(22)；The level-one diluter (13) is equipped with gas inlet, mixed flue gas outlet, the import of level-one dilution air flow, secondary dilution
Airflow inlet and secondary dilution air stream outlet；The PM10Whirlwind cutter (1) and PM2.5Whirlwind cutter (2) connection；It is described
PM2.5The gas outlet of whirlwind cutter (2) passes through the gas inlet of piping connection level-one diluter (13), and pacifies on the pipeline
It fills sampling air flow flowmeter (3)；The outlet end of the dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) and electrically charged particle measuring device
(17) input end connection；The mixed flue gas outlet and secondary dilution air stream outlet of the level-one diluter (13) are all connected with second level
The inlet end of diluter (15), and secondary dilution stream pressure table (14) is installed in secondary dilution air flow outlet；It is described
The company of outlet side connection dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) and electrically charged particle measuring device (17) of secondary dilution device (15)
Meet intersection；The air inlet of outlet end connection particulate filter (19) of the electrically charged particle measuring device (17)；Described
The gas outlet of grain object filter (19) is connect by pipeline with sampling pump (22), and is successively pacified on the pipeline according to airflow direction
Equipped with flue gas flow meter (20) and flue gas stream control valve (21)；The air compressor (4) and compressed air buffering and processing
The air inlet of device (6) installs compressed air control valve (5) by piping connection, and on the pipeline；The compressed air is slow
The gas outlet of punching and processing unit (6) branches into three tunnels: dried and clean air-flow road, level-one carrier gas flow path and secondary dilution air-flow
Road；Lead to the input end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) on dried and clean air-flow road, and dried and clean air-flow road
On according to airflow direction be sequentially installed with dried and clean control damper (9) and dried and clean air flow meter (10)；Described one
Grade carrier gas flow path leads to the level-one dilution air flow import of level-one diluter (13), and level-one dilution air flow road is according to air-flow
Direction is sequentially installed with level-one dilution air flow control valve (8) and level-one dilution air flow flowmeter (11)；The secondary dilution air-flow
Lead to the secondary dilution airflow inlet of level-one diluter (13) on road, and secondary dilution air-flow road is successively pacified according to airflow direction
Equipped with secondary dilution control damper (7) and secondary dilution air flow meter (12).
2. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include data processing
Device (18), the data processor (18) and electrically charged particle measuring device (17) communicate to connect.
3. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the PM10Whirlwind is cut
Cutter (1) and PM2.5The bottom of whirlwind cutter (2) has ash bucket.
4. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the level-one diluter
It (13) is concentric four layers of cylindrical structure, innermost layer is first layer, and so on, the barrel of first layer cylinder is that stainless steel is totally-enclosed
Microcellular structure, gas inlet and mixed flue gas outlet are located at the both ends of first layer cylinder；The barrel of second layer cylinder is stainless steel
Full-closed structure, level-one dilution air flow import are located at the end of second layer cylinder；The barrel of third layer cylinder is that stainless steel half seals
Structure is closed, secondary dilution air stream outlet is located at the end of third layer cylinder；The barrel of 4th layer of cylinder is the totally-enclosed knot of stainless steel
Structure, secondary dilution airflow inlet are located at the end of the 4th layer of cylinder.
5. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the secondary dilution device
(15) inlet end is divided into sampling air flow admission line and secondary dilution air-flow admission line, and the level-one diluter (13) is mixed
It closes exhanst gas outlet and connects sampling air flow admission line, the secondary dilution air stream outlet connection second level of the level-one diluter (13) is dilute
Outgassing flows into feed channel；Sampling air flow admission line end is conical structure, which is located at secondary dilution
The internal cavity entrance center of device (15), and the conical structure and the admission line square crossing of secondary dilution air-flow；It is described to adopt
The charge air flow that the internal cavity inlet of sample air-flow admission line and secondary dilution device (15) constitutes secondary dilution device (15) is logical
Road, the intake air channel are in " gradually laval nozzle " form.
6. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dried and clean gas
It flows ionization device (16) and uses corona pin point discharge structure, corona needle tip is placed in dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16)
Outlet end center, discharge voltage use positive 5000 V.
7. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrically charged particle is surveyed
Constitute opposite with the outlet end of dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) of input end for measuring device (17) is in " gradually laval nozzle "
Structure, electrically charged particle measuring device (17) internal cavity use ion trap structure, and outfit current measurement precision is 0.1 fA
Electronic gauge, the electronic gauge and data processor (18) communication is connected.
8. particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the particulate matter filtering
Device (19) uses condensable particulate matter filter membrane.
9. a kind of particulate matter on-line dilution sampled measurements method, for particulate matter described in claim 1-8 any claim
On-line dilution sampled measurements system, it is characterised in that: steps are as follows:
Step 1: by PM10Whirlwind cutter (1) and PM2.5Whirlwind cutter (2) is placed in sampling flue, or is protected using heating
Warm measure is consistent sampling environment with flue environment；
Step 2: sampling flue gas enters PM10After whirlwind cutter (1), aerodynamic size trapping greater than 10 microns
Grain object is segregated into PM10The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter (1), remaining particulate matter enter PM with sampling flue gas2.5Whirlwind cutter
(2), aerodynamic size greater than 2.5 microns can trap particulate matter be segregated into PM2.5The ash bucket of whirlwind cutter (2),
Remaining particulate matter enters in the first layer cylinder of level-one diluter (13) with sampling flue gas；
Step 3: the compressed air that air compressor (4) provides passes sequentially through compressed air control valve (5) and compressed air buffering
And processing unit (6) is then divided into three tunnels, respectively level-one dilution air flow, secondary dilution air-flow and dried and clean air-flow；Sampling
Flue gas enters level-one diluter (13), and level-one dilution air flow enters the second of level-one diluter (13) by level-one carrier gas flow path
In layer cylinder, keeps level-one dilution air flow and sampling flue gas is in the opposite type of flow, the flow of control level-one dilution air flow is 1.5
Sampling flue gas flow, level-one dilution air flow enter first layer cylinder by micropore and mix with sampling flue gas；Secondary dilution air-flow
Entered in the 4th floor cylinder of level-one diluter (13) by secondary dilution air-flow road, from secondary dilution after third layer cylinder
Air stream outlet outflow, keeping secondary dilution air-flow and level-one dilution air flow in second layer cylinder in third layer cylinder is in opposite flowing
Mode；
Step 4: secondary dilution air-flow enters the secondary dilution gas of secondary dilution device (15) after the outflow of secondary dilution air stream outlet
Feed channel is flowed into, the internal cavity of secondary dilution device (15) is subsequently entered, charge air flow makes to sample gas by " Venturi effect "
The cone pressure against the ends for flowing into feed channel samples smoke air inlet pressure lower than secondary dilution device (15), by the way that " pressure difference is made
With " sampling flue gas is promoted to enter secondary dilution device (15), flue gas and secondary dilution air-flow are sampled in the interior of secondary dilution device (15)
Portion's cavity is sufficiently mixed；The dilution ratio of secondary dilution device (15) by secondary dilution device (15) the air pressure of sampling smoke air inlet and
Secondary dilution air-flow air inlet air pressure is controlled；Sample total dilution ratio control of the flue gas after level-one dilution and secondary dilution
System is greater than 20 times, and sampling flue gas total residence time is greater than 10s, and dilution post-sampling flue-gas temperature is lower than 42 DEG C；
Step 5: dried and clean air-flow is entered in dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) by dried and clean air-flow road, it is dry
Pure air is ionized by the high voltage positive corona of corona pin, and the cation of generation passes through dried and clean with the dry clean gas flow of high speed
The outlet nozzle of air-flow ionization device (16) enters electrically charged particle measuring device (17)；
Step 6: the outlet end of the input end of the electrically charged particle measuring device (17) and dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16)
The opposite structure constituted in " gradually laval nozzle ", air-flow make the entrance of electrically charged particle measuring device (17) by " Venturi effect "
Locate pressure and sample flue gas gas outlet pressure lower than secondary dilution device (15), promotes sampling flue gas to enter lotus by " pressure difference effect "
Electric particle measurer (17) input end, is sufficiently mixed with the air-flow of dried and clean air-flow ionization device (16) outlet end, sampling
Particulate matter in flue gas takes charge by charged；
Step 7: the mixed at high speed air-flow that dried and clean air and electrically charged particle object are formed enters electrically charged particle measuring device
(17), dried and clean air forms sheath air-flow continuous erosion electrically charged particle measuring device (17) internal cavity wall, keeps cavity wall clean,
The electrically charged particle object ion trap internal by electrically charged particle measuring device (17), generates induced current by " Faraday cup effect "
Signal is captured by electronic gauge, is transferred in data processor (18) by data line and is calculated electrically charged particle object concentration；Lotus
Electric particulate matter enters particulate filter (19) by trap filter by electrically charged particle measuring device (17) outlet end with flue gas；?
Grain object filter (19) filtered flue gas is discharged by sampling pump (22).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111122396A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Differential high-concentration particulate matter measuring system and method based on dynamic Faraday cup |
| CN112285004A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-29 | 台州市中心医院（台州学院附属医院） | Biosafety device for flow cytometer |
| CN115625639A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 武汉胜安迪科技有限公司 | Grinding fluid particle size measurement counting system |
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| CN107655799A (en) * | 2017-09-24 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of Portable movable discharge of pollutant sources particle sampling measuring system and method |
| CN109406229A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-01 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of high-humidity gas fume dilution sampling device and its method of sampling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107655799A (en) * | 2017-09-24 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of Portable movable discharge of pollutant sources particle sampling measuring system and method |
| CN109406229A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-01 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of high-humidity gas fume dilution sampling device and its method of sampling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111122396A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Differential high-concentration particulate matter measuring system and method based on dynamic Faraday cup |
| CN112285004A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-29 | 台州市中心医院（台州学院附属医院） | Biosafety device for flow cytometer |
| CN112285004B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2023-10-10 | 台州市中心医院（台州学院附属医院） | Biosafety device for flow cytometry |
| CN115625639A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 武汉胜安迪科技有限公司 | Grinding fluid particle size measurement counting system |
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