CN108614074A - A kind of real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine - Google Patents
A kind of real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108614074A CN108614074A CN201810352641.1A CN201810352641A CN108614074A CN 108614074 A CN108614074 A CN 108614074A CN 201810352641 A CN201810352641 A CN 201810352641A CN 108614074 A CN108614074 A CN 108614074A
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- tail gas
- diesel engine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—Specially adapted to detect a particular component for CO, CO2
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
- G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—Specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0037—Specially adapted to detect a particular component for NOx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing systems of agricultural machinery diesel engine, including tail gas stream gauge, five component exhaust analyzers, particulate matter sensors and data recordin module；Tail gas stream gauge is designed using venturi principle, and is configured with flow integrator；Exhaust enters tail gas stream gauge from agricultural machinery Diesel Engine Exhaust Pipe, differential pressure signal, temperature compensation signal, the pressure compensation signal that flow integrator can respectively be inputted according to the differential pressure transmitter on standard throttle apparatus, the temperature transmitter in upstream conduit and the pressure transmitter in downstream conduit, the instantaneous flow and integrated flux of automatic integrating exhaust；Five component exhaust analyzers are used to detect the volumetric concentration of five component gas in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas；Particulate matter sensors are for detecting particulate matter PM mass concentrations in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas；Present system is easy to operate, and integrated level is high, and maintenance cost is low, strong to working environment adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to portable exhaust emission testing technologies, and in particular to a kind of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine is real-time
Exhaust emission testing system.
Background technology
There are diesel engine the advantages such as loading capacity is big, specific fuel consumption is low, the thermal efficiency is high constantly to be promoted.Using diesel engine as power
Agricultural machinery it is huge in China's ownership, with the continuous propulsion of mechanization of agriculture, National Agricultural machinery total output reaches
9.72 hundred million kilowatts, diesel powered accounting has reached 77.35%.And diesel engine nitrogen oxides (NOx) is arranged with particulate matter (PM)
High-volume higher, nitrogen oxides can lead to pulmonary lesion, and be the main reason for forming photochemical fog and acid rain, and particulate matter can
Long-term suspension without settling, can go deep into people's lung deep and cause to damage in an atmosphere.
In agricultural machinery diesel engine vent gas the content of various pollutants to embodying its working performance, to the influence of atmospheric environment
It is significant, it is therefore desirable to which that the content of gaseous pollutant and particulate pollutant in agricultural machinery diesel engine vent gas is examined
It surveys, and estimates total amount, to the method that research effectively reduces the discharge of these exhaust pollutants, improve the work of agricultural machinery diesel engine
Make performance, reduces influence of the agricultural machinery exhaust emissions of diesel engine to atmospheric environment.
The instrument of current portable exhaust emission testing system is mainly non-dispersive type infrared ray gas analyzer and particle
Object analyzer, they the shortcomings that be that can only carry out concentration to five component gas such as CO, HC contained in tail gas and particulate matter
It measures, and the total content of these pollutants cannot be measured.Existing portable exhaust emission testing system is accurate expensive, behaviour
Make complicated, maintenance cost height, and is difficult to adapt to working environment severe in outdoor farmland.Chronic sun exposure, high vibration, muddy water
The factors such as spilling all can generate irreversible damage to being mounted on the tail gas stream gauge part near exhaust pipe in existing test system
Wound, gently then gathered data is inaccurate, and heavy then whole system is gone on strike, therefore cannot be by conventional portable exhaust emission testing system
It is applied directly in the emission test of agricultural machinery diesel engine.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to for above-mentioned present in existing portable exhaust emission testing system
Defect, providing one kind can be to five component CO, HC, O in tail gas2、NO、NO2The volumetric concentration of gas and the quality of particulate matter PM
The real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine that concentration measures, while the test system can also be surveyed
Gaseous effluent and total content of the particle emission in entire test process are determined, in addition, being mounted on exhaust pipe in test system
On tail gas stream gauge can also be normal to measure exhaust in the harsh environments such as chronic sun exposure, high vibration and muddy water spilling
Flow, and destination sample precision can be kept.The whole series test system cost is low, and integrated level is high, easy to operate, and service efficiency is high, dimension
It protects at low cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing of agricultural machinery diesel engine
System, including tail gas stream gauge, five component exhaust analyzers, particulate matter sensors and data recordin module；
Tail gas stream gauge：The flowmeter according to venturi principle designed, designed is referred mainly to, further includes corresponding flow accumulation
Instrument；Exhaust enters tail gas stream gauge, pressure transmitter, differential pressure transmitter and temperature pick-up from agricultural machinery Diesel Engine Exhaust Pipe
In device output current/voltage signal to flow integrator, flow integrator according to these three signals and can be previously set
Parameters of formula calculate the instantaneous flow and integrated flux of exhaust emissions automatically, and result is transported to data recordin module；
Five component exhaust analyzers：It refers mainly to for detecting five component CO, HC, O in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas2、NO、
NO2The instrument of the volumetric concentration of gas further includes the accessories such as probe tube, filter.Five component exhaust analyzers measure real-time
Gas component concentrations can be automatically stored to data recordin module；
Particulate matter sensors：Refer mainly to the instrument for detecting particulate matter PM mass concentrations in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas
Device further includes the accessories such as probe tube, heating mantle, air pump；The real-time particulate matter quality concentration that particulate matter sensors measure can
It is input to data recordin module by voltage signal；
Data recordin module：Refer mainly to exhaust instantaneous flow and integrated flux that record exhaust flow measures, five components
The surveyed void fraction of exhaust analyzer, the surveyed particulate matter PM mass concentrations of particulate matter sensors, the device for showing and storing.
Computer：For the storage of reads data log module every test data and carry out processing analysis, and count automatically
Calculate various objective results.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) the tail gas stream gauge that the present invention designs, it is simple in structure and cheap, complicated working environment is can adapt to,
The extraneous factors such as high vibration and muddy water spilling, almost without influence, compare existing accurate tail gas stream to the measurement accuracy of flowmeter
Gauge has better adaptability.
(2) the tail gas stream gauge that designs of the present invention matched flow integrator can be according to the formula and phase being previously set
Related parameter, in conjunction with the signal that flowmeter acquires, automatic integrating obtains instantaneous flow and integrated flow size, high degree of automation.
(3) the real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine of the invention, easy to operate, integrated level
Height, maintenance cost is low, strong to working environment adaptability, can easily be installed on various types agricultural machinery, in agricultural machinery room
When outer field operation, the real-time detection of agricultural machinery exhaust emissions of diesel engine is carried out.
(4) present invention can truly reflect agriculture can record discharge when agricultural machinery diesel engine actual job truly
Industry machinery Emissions discharge the pollution situation of atmospheric environment to which research effectively reduces these exhaust pollutants
Method, improve the working performance of agricultural machinery diesel engine, reduce agricultural machinery exhaust emissions of diesel engine to the shadow of atmospheric environment
It rings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the portable real-time exhaust emission testing system structure diagram of agricultural machinery diesel engine of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine provided by the invention, packet
Tail gas stream gauge, five component exhaust analyzers, particulate matter sensors and data recordin module are included.
The Power coverage range of object to be measured agricultural machinery is from 10kw to 100kw, according to calculation formulaTo estimate under operating mode (300 DEG C) exhaust flow Qm.Wherein NeFor diesel engine power, geFor specific fuel consumption,
L0For theoretical air requirement needed for burning 1kg oil.α is excess air coefficient.For excessive coefficient of scavenging, every cycle is defined as by sweeping
The ratio of the quality of the fresh charge of stomata outflow and the quality of the theoretical charge calculated by displacement volume.It estimates under operating mode
(300 DEG C) exhaust flow range QmFor 23.1m3/h-577m3/h.Range ratio is designed as by the tail gas stream gauge designed in the present invention
6, that is, it is designed as 20m3/h-120m3/ h and 100m3/h-600m3Two sections of ranges of/h, can be according to the work(of agricultural machinery diesel engine to be measured
Rate size selects suitable range, to ensure the measurement accuracy of tail gas stream gauge.Entire flow meter body part is identical, in bavin
When oil machine emission test, the standard throttle apparatus of flowmeter is only needed to change, to achieve the purpose that adjusting size range.Fig. 1 tail gas
The tubule of flowmeter middle section is standard throttle apparatus.According to venturi principle, the upstream conduit of standard throttle apparatus and
Downstream conduit also has design requirement, therefore the length that upstream (downstream) conduit is designed in the tail gas stream gauge is 5D, and wherein D is upper
(downstream) conduit diameter is swum, the signal acquisition precision of differential pressure transmitter in standard throttle apparatus can be improved.
It can be led according to the differential pressure transmitter on standard throttle apparatus, upstream with the matched flow integrator of tail gas stream gauge
Differential pressure signal (Δ P) that the pressure transmitter on temperature transmitter and downstream conduit on pipe inputs respectively, temperature-compensating letter
Number (T), pressure compensation signal (P), the instantaneous flow and integrated flux of automatic integrating exhaust.
Instantaneous flow QNCalculation formula：
Wherein mass flowIt also needs to set in flow integrator
Corresponding Primary parameter ρ20(when the status of criterion, measuring the density of tail gas), PA(atmospheric pressure of job site), T0(273.15
℃)、P0(standard atmospheric pressure 0.10133MPa).
Penalty coefficient K=0.1264 × α × ε × d2；α is discharge coefficient, and ε is that a fluid stream is swollen
Swollen coefficient, C are efflux coefficient, and β is diameter ratio, and d is orifice diameter in standard throttle apparatus, and D is that upstream (downstream) conduit is straight
Diameter.
Instantaneous flow can calculate integrated flow to time integral.
When the present invention tests system work, the tail gas of agricultural machinery diesel emission introduces tail gas stream via Thermostable flexible hose
In gauge, built-in differential pressure, temperature and pressure transmitter are by three road signal input flow rate integrating instruments, and flow integrator is according to acquisition
To signal and the parameter that has been previously set carry out automatic integrating, and by the result of instantaneous flow and integrated flux with standard electric
Pressure signal (0-5V) is input to data recordin module.Since tail gas stream gauge is designed using venturi principle, it is ensured that pass through
For the tail gas of tail gas stream gauge when subsequent five component gas content measurement and particle content measure, pressure and temperature is constant.
Five component exhaust analyzers are sucked partial tail gas by the first sampling through-hole mounted on tail gas stream gauge rear end
In instrument, to CO, HC, O2、NO、NO2The volumetric concentration of five component gas carries out METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, and will be divided by communications protocol
It is sent into data recordin module when analysing fructufy.
Partial tail gas is sucked instrument by particulate matter sensors by the second sampling through-hole mounted on tail gas stream gauge rear end
Interior, to the mass concentration of particulate matter PM, particle number carries out METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, and analysis result is passed through standard voltage signal (0-
5V) it is input to data recordin module.
After above-mentioned input signal can be acquired and carry out signal condition by data recordin module, it is displayed on the screen for surveying
Personal observations are tried, and will be in the storage to memory of every test value.
Data recordin module is connect by communications protocol with computer, in computer reads data log module storage
Test result, by the tail gas instantaneous flow of measurement and CO, HC, O2、NO、NO2Five component gas volumetric concentrations and particulate matter PM mass
Concentration carries out multiplying and obtains the instantaneous emission factor of each pollutant, carries out integral operation to the instantaneous emission factor of pollutant, i.e.,
The total release of each pollutant can be obtained as a result, and importeding into Microsoft Excel.Therefore it can easily check and entirely test
The instantaneous value and accumulated value of exhaust flow, CO, HC, O in journey2、NO、NO2The instantaneous emission factor of five component gas and total discharge
Amount, the instantaneous emission factor and total release of particulate matter PM, for subsequent analysis research.
In addition to this, data recordin module also can access other sensors, can be to the work of characterization agricultural machinery diesel engine
The other parameters of state are recorded, and the expansion as the present invention extends.
The real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine of the present invention, easy to operate, integrated level is high, dimension
Protect it is at low cost, it is strong to working environment adaptability, can easily be installed on various types agricultural machinery, it is existing outside agricultural machinery room
When the operation of field, the real-time detection of agricultural machinery diesel emission is carried out.
Test system described above can record discharge when agricultural machinery diesel engine actual job truly, can be true
Ground reflects pollution situation of the agricultural machinery Emissions to atmospheric environment, to which research effectively reduces the dirt of these tail gas
The method of object discharge is contaminated, the working performance of agricultural machinery diesel engine is improved, reduces agricultural machinery exhaust emissions of diesel engine to air
The influence of environment.
These are only the present invention an exemplary description, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention in principle
The improvement of progress, replace etc., it should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of real-time exhaust emission testing system of portable agricultural machinery diesel engine, which is characterized in that including tail gas stream gauge,
Five component exhaust analyzers, particulate matter sensors and data recordin module；
Tail gas stream gauge：It is designed using venturi principle, and is configured with flow integrator；It is vented from agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas
Pipe enters tail gas stream gauge, and flow integrator can be according to the differential pressure transmitter on standard throttle apparatus, the temperature in upstream conduit
Degree transmitter and downstream conduit on pressure transmitter input respectively differential pressure signal Δ P, temperature compensation signal T, pressure mend
Repay signal P, the instantaneous flow and integrated flux of automatic integrating exhaust；
Instantaneous flow QNCalculation formula：
Wherein mass flowρ20To measure the close of tail gas when the status of criterion
Degree, PAAtmospheric pressure, T for job site0=273.15 DEG C, P0For standard atmospheric pressure；
Penalty coefficient K=0.1264 × α × ε × d2；α is discharge coefficient, and ε is a fluid stream expansion system
Number, C are efflux coefficient, and β is diameter ratio, and d is orifice diameter in standard throttle apparatus, and D is conduit diameter；
Instantaneous flow can calculate integrated flow to time integral；
Flow integrator calculates the instantaneous flow and integrated flux of exhaust emissions automatically, and result is transported to data record mould
Block；
Five component exhaust analyzers：For detecting five component CO, HC, O in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas2、NO、NO2The body of gas
Product concentration, and data measured is automatically stored to data recordin module；
Particulate matter sensors：For detecting particulate matter PM mass concentrations in agricultural machinery diesel exhaust gas, and data measured is led to
Overvoltage signal is input to data recordin module；
Data recordin module：The exhaust instantaneous flow and integrated flux that record exhaust flow measures, five component exhaust analyzers
Surveyed void fraction, the surveyed particulate matter PM mass concentrations of particulate matter sensors, and data measured is shown and stored；
Data recordin module is connect by communications protocol with computer, computer reads data log mould test result in the block,
By the tail gas instantaneous flow of measurement and CO, HC, O2、NO、NO2Five component gas volumetric concentrations and particulate matter PM mass concentrations carry out
Multiplying obtains the instantaneous emission factor of each pollutant, and integral operation is carried out to the instantaneous emission factor of pollutant, you can obtains each
The total release result of pollutant；Simultaneously easily to check the instantaneous value and accumulated value of exhaust flow in entire test process,
CO、HC、O2、NO、NO2The instantaneous emission factor and total release of five component gas, the instantaneous emission factor of particulate matter PM and total row
High-volume.
2. a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, feature
It is, the Power coverage range of object to be measured agricultural machinery is from 10kw to 100kw, according to calculation formulaTo estimate exhaust flow Q under operating modem, wherein NeFor diesel engine power, geFor specific fuel consumption, L0For burning
Theoretical air requirement needed for 1kg oil, α are excess air coefficient,For excessive coefficient of scavenging；Estimate exhaust flow range under operating mode
QmFor 23.1m3/h-577m3/h；Exhaust flow meter range ratio is designed as 6, that is, is designed as 20m3/h-120m3/ h and 100m3/h-
600m3Two sections of ranges of/h select suitable range according to the watt level of agricultural machinery diesel engine to be measured；Tail gas stream gauge main body
Part is identical, and when diesel emission is tested, range is adjusted by replacing the standard throttle apparatus of tail gas stream gauge.
3. a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, feature
It is, according to venturi principle, the length of tail gas stream gauge middle and upper reaches conduit and downstream conduit is disposed as 5D, wherein D is
Conduit diameter, to improve the signal acquisition precision of differential pressure transmitter in standard throttle apparatus.
4. a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, feature
It is, the five components exhaust analyzer is sucked partial tail gas by the first sampling through-hole mounted on tail gas stream gauge rear end
In five component exhaust analyzers, to CO, HC, O2、NO、NO2The volumetric concentration of five component gas carries out METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, and passes through
Analysis result is sent into data recordin module by communications protocol in real time.
5. a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, feature
It is, partial tail gas is sucked particle by the particulate matter sensors by the second sampling through-hole mounted on tail gas stream gauge rear end
In object sensor, are carried out by METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, and analysis result is passed through 0-5V standard electrics for particulate matter PM mass concentrations, particle number
Pressure signal is input to data recordin module.
6. a kind of portable real-time exhaust emission testing system of agricultural machinery diesel engine according to claim 1, feature
Be, the data recordin module also can access other sensors, can to characterize agricultural machinery diesel engine working condition its
He records parameter.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110554149A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-10 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile exhaust emission measuring device and method |
| CN110988271A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 厦门通创检测技术有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted emission detection device |
| CN111044679A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-21 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Method and apparatus for determining the composition of one or more gases |
| CN111724073A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Modularized agricultural machine emission calculation and pollution identification management and control system |
| CN116412862A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-07-11 | 陇东学院 | Natural gas flow measuring device based on automatic calibration |
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| CN111724073A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | Modularized agricultural machine emission calculation and pollution identification management and control system |
| CN116412862A (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-07-11 | 陇东学院 | Natural gas flow measuring device based on automatic calibration |
| CN116412862B (en) * | 2023-06-02 | 2023-08-04 | 陇东学院 | Natural gas flow measuring device based on automatic calibration |
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Application publication date: 20181002 |
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