CN110065980B - Double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device and method thereof - Google Patents
Double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110065980B CN110065980B CN201910509437.0A CN201910509437A CN110065980B CN 110065980 B CN110065980 B CN 110065980B CN 201910509437 A CN201910509437 A CN 201910509437A CN 110065980 B CN110065980 B CN 110065980B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
- C02F1/12—Spray evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device and a method thereof. The evaporation device comprises two solar heat collecting pipes, and the temperature of the inner wall of each solar heat collecting pipe rises rapidly under the action of solar illumination. The heated seawater in the two solar heat collecting pipes is mutually conveyed into the atomizers of the other side through the spray needle water pump to be charged, atomized and evaporated, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high-voltage bag are respectively connected with the U-shaped conductive electrodes in the two heat collecting pipes, the U-shaped conductive electrodes extend into the bottoms of the solar heat collecting pipes and are tightly attached to the inner walls of the solar heat collecting pipes, so that the inner walls of the solar heat collecting pipes obtain high pressure, and the atomized seawater is more uniformly adsorbed on the surfaces of the inner walls of the solar heat collecting pipes. Under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, seawater is charged and atomized at the outlet of the spray needle, and atomized charged liquid particles are uniformly adsorbed on the inner wall of the solar heat collecting tube to be heated and evaporated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distillation technology and sea water desalination, in particular to a double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar sea water desalination evaporation device and a method thereof.
Background
The solar sea water desalting technology uses solar energy as energy source to realize the desalination of sea water and brackish water, and has important functions on saving energy, protecting environment and solving the problem of water resource shortage. The sea water desalination efficiency of the existing majority of thermal sea water desalination devices is low, and only 1-2L of fresh water can be obtained every day by one common sea water desalination device with the volume of 8L for sea water desalination. In addition, most of the existing sea water desalting devices are heavy and inconvenient to transport, and all indirectly utilize solar energy, so that the solar energy cannot be fully utilized, the water yield is reduced, and the energy waste is caused.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN105936521a discloses a sea water desalination device, which comprises an evaporator, wherein a wind inlet is formed on a top side wall of the evaporator, a hot and humid steam outlet is formed on a side wall of the evaporator, which is horizontal to the wind inlet and opposite to the wind inlet, a cold sea water inlet is formed on a top end of the evaporator, a hot sea water outlet is formed at a bottom end of the evaporator, an inclined heating plate is arranged in the evaporator, and a high end of the heating plate is located right below the cold sea water inlet; the wet and hot steam outlet is connected with the condenser, a serpentine cooling pipe is arranged in the condenser, an inlet and an outlet of the serpentine cooling pipe are respectively connected with the cooling box, and a fresh water collecting box is connected below the condenser.
The above patents have two disadvantages in the actual use process: 1. the heating plate is adopted for heating in the seawater evaporation process, the consumed electric quantity is not imaginable when the heating plate is electrically heated, the wet and hot steam outlet of the evaporator is smaller, the steam generation and export efficiency is low, the seawater desalination can not be realized, and the practical effect is quite unsatisfactory; 2. the efficiency of evaporating seawater by heating through the heating plate is too low, and the consumption cost is high.
This patent is mainly to the mode of sea water heating and the mode of sea water evaporation carry out comprehensive improvement, reduce the cost of sea water heating, improve evaporation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination evaporation device comprises a bracket, an evaporation device, a liquid storage container, a condensation device and a solar photovoltaic power generation system, wherein the evaporation device, the liquid storage container, the condensation device and the solar photovoltaic power generation system are arranged on the bracket;
each pair of solar heat collecting tube units comprises two solar heat collecting tubes which correspond to each other, the two solar heat collecting tubes are a first solar heat collecting tube and a second solar heat collecting tube respectively, a first atomizer and a first needle water tube connected with the first atomizer are arranged in the first solar heat collecting tube, and a first needle water pump connected with the first needle water tube is arranged on the outer side of the first solar heat collecting tube;
a second atomizer and a second needle water pipe connected with the second atomizer are arranged in the second solar heat collecting pipe, and a second needle water pump connected with the second needle water pipe is arranged on the outer side of the second solar heat collecting pipe;
the solar heat collecting pipe unit is internally provided with seawater, the evaporation device absorbs solar heat energy to heat the seawater, the liquid storage container is assembled above the side of the evaporation device and is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe unit, and the seawater in the liquid storage container is injected into the solar heat collecting pipe unit through self gravity;
the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe of each solar heat collecting pipe unit is conveyed to the second atomizer of the second solar heat collecting pipe through the first needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, and the heated seawater in the second solar heat collecting pipe is conveyed to the first atomizer of the first solar heat collecting pipe through the second needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated to be circularly sprayed.
Further, first atomizer and second atomizer include U type conducting electrode and the funnel shaped shell of being connected with U type conducting electrode, are equipped with U type conducting electrode fixed orifices on the funnel shaped shell, and the tip and the U type conducting electrode fixed orifices of U type conducting electrode are connected, and the middle part of funnel shaped shell is equipped with the needle fixed orifices, is equipped with the needle connector in the needle fixed orifices, and the tip of needle connector has the needle.
Further, the needle connector of the first atomizer is connected with a first needle water pipe in the first solar heat collecting pipe, and the needle connector of the second atomizer is connected with a second needle water pipe in the second solar heat collecting pipe.
Further, the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube are both provided with high-voltage bags, the negative electrode of the high-voltage bag of the first solar heat collecting tube is connected with the spray needle in the first solar heat collecting tube, the positive electrode of the high-voltage bag is connected with the U-shaped conductive terminal in the first solar heat collecting tube, and conversely, the positive electrode of the high-voltage bag provided with the second solar heat collecting tube is connected with the spray needle in the second solar heat collecting tube, the negative electrode of the high-voltage bag is connected with the U-shaped conductive terminal in the second solar heat collecting tube, and the U-shaped conductive electrode stretches into the bottoms of the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube and clings to the tube wall, so that the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube and the inner seawater obtain high pressure, and atomized seawater is uniformly adsorbed on the surfaces of the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube.
Further, the funnel-shaped shell is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air outlet and an air blowing port.
Further, the evaporation device further comprises an electronic controller and a liquid level sensor, wherein the liquid level sensor detects the liquid levels inside the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe, and if the liquid level of the seawater is too low, the liquid storage container is controlled by the electronic controller to inject the seawater into the solar heat collecting pipe unit.
Further, the evaporation device further comprises a booster pump, the booster pump is used for pressurizing the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe unit, and the speed of leading steam out from the air outlet is accelerated.
Further, the liquid storage container is connected with the condensing device, the condensing device is a condenser, the liquid storage container provides seawater for the condensing device to circularly condense, the temperature of the seawater in the liquid storage container gradually rises, so that the seawater injected into the atomizer has a certain temperature, and the evaporation speed is accelerated.
Further, the included angle formed by the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees.
A double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar sea water desalination and evaporation method comprises the following steps: the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe is conveyed to a second atomizer of the second solar heat collecting pipe through a first needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, and in the same way, the heated seawater in the second solar heat collecting pipe is conveyed to the first atomizer of the first solar heat collecting pipe through the second needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, and the heat utilization rate is improved in a circulating spraying mode;
under the action of a first needle water pump, when heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe is sprayed out through a needle in the second solar heat collecting pipe, charged atomization is carried out, a high-voltage bag is connected with the seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe through a U-shaped conducting electrode, and the U-shaped conducting electrode stretches into the bottoms of the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe and clings to the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe so that high voltage is obtained by the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe; so that atomized seawater is more uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the inner wall of the solar heat collecting tube;
the seawater sprayed from the spray needle is atomized into fine particles under the action of electrostatic attraction and electrostatic repulsion under the action of a high-voltage electric field to absorb heat provided by the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube so as to accelerate the evaporation speed of the seawater and reduce the energy required by evaporation; the spray needle is respectively arranged at the centers of the pipe orifices of the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe;
the atomized liquid particles of each spray needle cover the whole inner walls of the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe, so that the utilization rate of the heat collecting area is increased;
the seawater is provided for the condensing device through the liquid storage container to be circularly condensed, and the temperature of the seawater in the liquid storage container is gradually increased, so that the seawater injected into the atomizer has an initial temperature, and the evaporation speed is accelerated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the device directly sprays water to the solar heat collecting pipe unit, utilizes the heat energy collected by the reflecting sheet, does not need to convert heat, and reduces energy loss.
2. The first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube spray water mutually, the wall of the first heat collecting tube and the water in the tube are negatively charged, water is pumped to the second heat collecting tube to spray, electric potential difference is formed between the wall of the second heat collecting tube and the water in the tube, which is favorable for atomization, and likewise, the wall of the second heat collecting tube and the water in the tube are positively charged, water is pumped to the first heat collecting tube to spray, electric potential difference is also favorable for atomization, therefore, the temperature of the seawater sprayed in the two heat collecting tubes rises faster under the condition of the same heating, and the evaporation speed is accelerated.
3. The U-shaped conducting electrodes in the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube are connected with the high-voltage package, so that the U-shaped conducting electrodes obtain high voltage, atomized seawater is adsorbed on the surface of the U-shaped conducting electrodes with high voltage, the contact area of the seawater is increased, the heating area of the seawater is effectively increased, the portion of the seawater is evaporated again, and the evaporation efficiency of the seawater is further improved.
4. The seawater circularly condensed by the condenser is supplied to the solar heat collecting pipe unit again, so that the energy utilization rate is improved.
5. The booster pump is used for pressurizing the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe unit, so that the steam guiding-out speed is increased, the air flow in the solar heat collecting pipe unit is accelerated, and the evaporation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seawater desalination plant of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an evaporation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the atomizer of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar photovoltaic power generation system.
Description of the embodiments
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a double-pipe type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device comprises a bracket 5, an evaporation device 1, a liquid storage container 2, a condensation device 3 and a solar photovoltaic power generation system 4 which are arranged on the bracket 5, wherein a liquid medium in the liquid storage container 2 enters the evaporation device 1 through a pipeline, is charged and atomized in the evaporation device 1, and is heated and evaporated. The evaporated water vapor enters a condensing device 3 to be condensed into distilled water. The solar photovoltaic system 4 provides a power supply for the overall device. In the present embodiment and the present invention, the liquid container 2 stores a liquid medium such as seawater or brackish water. For convenience of explanation, the liquid medium is described below as seawater.
The evaporation device 1 comprises a reflecting sheet 13, more than one pair of solar heat collecting pipe units arranged on the reflecting sheet 13, and sunlight reflected by the reflecting sheet 13 irradiates the solar heat collecting pipe units;
each pair of solar heat collecting tube units comprises two solar heat collecting tubes which correspond to each other, the two solar heat collecting tubes are a first solar heat collecting tube 11 and a second solar heat collecting tube 12 respectively, an included angle formed by the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 and a horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees, preferably an angle is 45 degrees, a first atomizer 14 and a first needle water pipe 15 connected with the first atomizer 14 are arranged in the first solar heat collecting tube 11, and a first needle water pump 16 connected with the first needle water pipe 15 is arranged on the outer side of the first solar heat collecting tube 11;
a second atomizer 17 and a second needle water pipe 18 connected with the second atomizer 17 are arranged in the second solar heat collecting pipe 12, and a second needle water pump 19 connected with the second needle water pipe 18 is arranged on the outer side of the second solar heat collecting pipe 12;
the solar heat collecting pipe unit is internally provided with seawater, the evaporation device absorbs solar heat energy through the reflection sheet 13 to heat the seawater, the liquid storage container 2 is assembled above the side of the evaporation device 1 and is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe unit, specifically, the liquid storage container 2 is connected with the solar heat collecting pipe unit through the water inlet pipe 110 and the electromagnetic valve 111, and the liquid storage container 2 injects the seawater into the solar heat collecting pipe unit through gravity;
the first atomizer 14 and the second atomizer 17 have the same structure, and comprise a U-shaped conducting electrode 140 and a funnel-shaped shell 141 connected with the U-shaped conducting electrode 140, wherein the U-shaped conducting electrode 140 is made of 304 stainless steel, corrosion resistance and good conductivity can be achieved, atomization effect is improved, evaporation speed is accelerated, a U-shaped conducting electrode fixing hole 142 is formed in the funnel-shaped shell 141, the end portion of the U-shaped conducting electrode 140 is connected with the U-shaped conducting electrode fixing hole 142, a needle fixing hole 143 is formed in the middle of the funnel-shaped shell 141, a needle connector 144 is arranged in the needle fixing hole 143, and a needle 145 is arranged at the end portion of the needle connector 144.
The needle connector 144 of the first atomizer is connected with the first needle water pipe 15 in the first solar heat collecting pipe 11, and the needle connector 144 of the second atomizer is connected with the second needle water pipe 18 in the second solar heat collecting pipe 12.
The first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 are both provided with a high-voltage package 112, the negative electrode of the high-voltage package 112 of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 is connected with a needle 145 in the first solar heat collecting tube 11, the positive electrode of the high-voltage package 112 is connected with the end part of a U-shaped conducting electrode 140 in the first solar heat collecting tube 11, and conversely, the positive electrode of the high-voltage package 112 provided with the second solar heat collecting tube 12 is connected with the needle 145 in the second solar heat collecting tube 12, the negative electrode of the high-voltage package 112 is connected with the end part of the U-shaped conducting electrode 140 in the second solar heat collecting tube 12, and the U-shaped conducting electrode 140 stretches into the bottoms of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 and clings to the tube wall, so that the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 and the seawater in the inside can obtain high voltage, and atomized seawater can be uniformly adsorbed on the surfaces of the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12.
The funnel-shaped casing 141 is provided with a water inlet 146, a water outlet 147, an air outlet 148 and an air blowing port 149. The air outlet 148 is connected to the condensing unit 3.
The evaporation device 1 further comprises an electronic controller 113 and a liquid level sensor 114, wherein the liquid level sensor 114 detects the liquid level inside the first solar heat collecting pipe 11 and the second solar heat collecting pipe 12, and if the seawater liquid level is too low, the electromagnetic valve 111 is controlled by the electronic controller 113, so that the flow rate of the seawater injected into the solar heat collecting pipe unit by the liquid storage container 2 is controlled.
The evaporation apparatus 1 further includes a booster pump 114, and the booster pump 114 pressurizes the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe unit to accelerate the steam leading out from the air outlet 148.
When the solar heat collection device works, the heated seawater in the first solar heat collection tube 11 is conveyed to the second atomizer 17 of the second solar heat collection tube 12 through the first needle water pump 16 to be subjected to charged atomization and evaporation, and in the same way, the heated seawater in the second solar heat collection tube 12 is conveyed to the first atomizer 14 of the first solar heat collection tube 11 through the second needle water pump 19 to be subjected to charged atomization and evaporation, so that the heat utilization rate is improved in a cyclic spraying mode;
specifically, under the action of the first needle water pump 16, when the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting tube 11 is sprayed out through the needle 145 in the second solar heat collecting tube 12, the charged atomization is carried out, the high-voltage package is connected with the seawater in the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 through the U-shaped conducting electrode, the U-shaped conducting electrode stretches into the bottoms of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 and clings to the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12, so that the inner walls of the first solar heat collecting tube 11 and the second solar heat collecting tube 12 obtain high voltage; so that atomized seawater is more uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the inner wall of the solar heat collecting tube.
The seawater sprayed from the needle 145 is atomized into fine particles by the electrostatic attraction and the electrostatic repulsion under the action of the high-voltage electric field to absorb the heat provided by the first solar heat collecting pipe 11 and the second solar heat collecting pipe 12 to accelerate the evaporation speed of the seawater, and simultaneously reduce the energy required for evaporation. In order to make the sea water in the needle 145 fully charged, the inner diameter of the needle 145 is set to be 0.32mm, and the applied voltage of an external high-voltage source is 8-12KV. The spray needles 145 are respectively arranged at the centers of the pipe orifices of the first solar heat collecting pipe 11 and the second solar heat collecting pipe 12.
The first solar heat collecting pipe 11 and the second solar heat collecting pipe 12 in the evaporation device 1 adopt cylindrical vacuum structures with diameters of 15-58 CM, so that liquid particles atomized by the spray needles 145 can cover the inner walls of the whole first solar heat collecting pipe 11 and the whole second solar heat collecting pipe 12, and the utilization rate of the heat collecting area is increased.
In the invention, the liquid storage container 2 is connected with the condensing device 3, the condensing device 3 is a condenser, the liquid storage container 2 provides seawater for the condensing device 3 to circularly condense, and the temperature of the seawater in the liquid storage container 2 gradually rises, so that the seawater injected into the atomizer has a certain temperature, and the evaporation speed is accelerated.
As shown in fig. 4, the solar photovoltaic power generation system 4 comprises Sup>A photovoltaic module 41, sup>A charge-discharge controller 42 and Sup>A storage battery 43, wherein the photovoltaic module 41 absorbs solar heat energy and converts the solar heat energy into chemical energy to be stored in the storage battery 43, the charge-discharge controller 42 can intelligently adjust the working voltage of Sup>A solar power generation panel, so that the solar power generation panel always works at the maximum power point of Sup>A V-Sup>A characteristic curve. 2. Preventing the battery from being overdischarged. 3. And the storage battery is prevented from being reversely discharged to the solar panel at night. 4. Overload protection. 5. And (5) short circuit protection. 6. The battery is anti-reflective.
The specific technology of the solar photovoltaic power generation system 4 can be used as a reference to the prior art.
The device establishes a high-voltage electrostatic field in the solar heat collecting tube unit, and the seawater entering the first atomizer 14 and the second atomizer 17 is charged and atomized under the action of the high-voltage electrostatic field. The electronic controller 113 controls the first needle water pump 16 and the second needle water pump 19, when the first needle water pump 16 and the second needle water pump 19 work, the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe 11 is conveyed into the atomizer of the second solar heat collecting pipe 12 for charged atomization and evaporation, and the heated seawater in the second solar heat collecting pipe 12 is conveyed into the atomizer of the first solar heat collecting pipe 11 for charged atomization and evaporation, so that the seawater in the two solar heat collecting pipes is continuously and circularly heated, atomized and evaporated, and the heat energy is better utilized;
the needle shell 140 is tightly attached to the pipe orifice of the solar heat collecting pipe 11, the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe 11 generates steam, the booster pump 20 pressurizes the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe 11, the air pressure is increased to press the steam out to the condensing device 3, the U-shaped conductive electrode 134 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the solar heat collecting pipe 11, atomized liquid drops can be uniformly attached to the inner wall, the U-shaped conductive electrode is made of stainless steel,
the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe of each solar heat collecting pipe unit is conveyed to the second atomizer of the second solar heat collecting pipe through the first needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, and the heated seawater in the second solar heat collecting pipe is conveyed to the first atomizer of the first solar heat collecting pipe through the second needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated to be circularly sprayed.
The device directly sprays water to the solar heat collecting pipe unit, utilizes the heat energy collected by the reflecting sheet, does not need to convert heat, and reduces energy loss. The first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe spray water mutually, the temperature of the seawater in the two heat collecting pipes is gradually increased, so that the temperature of the sprayed water is gradually increased, and the evaporation speed is increased.
The U-shaped conducting electrodes in the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube are connected with the high-voltage package, so that the U-shaped conducting electrodes obtain high voltage, atomized seawater is adsorbed on the surface of the U-shaped conducting electrodes with high voltage, the contact area of the seawater is increased, the heating area of the seawater is effectively increased, the portion of the seawater is evaporated again, and the evaporation efficiency of the seawater is further improved. The seawater circularly condensed by the condenser is supplied to the solar heat collecting pipe unit again, so that the energy utilization rate is improved. The booster pump is used for pressurizing the inside of the solar heat collecting pipe unit, so that the steam guiding-out speed is increased, the air flow in the solar heat collecting pipe unit is accelerated, and the evaporation efficiency is improved.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. The double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination evaporation device comprises a support, and an evaporation device, a liquid storage container, a condensation device and a solar photovoltaic power generation system which are arranged on the support, and is characterized in that the evaporation device comprises a reflection sheet, more than one pair of double-tube type solar heat collecting tube units arranged on the reflection sheet, each pair of double-tube type solar heat collecting tube units comprises two solar heat collecting tubes which correspond to each other, a first atomizer and a first needle water pipe connected with the first atomizer are arranged in the first solar heat collecting tube, and a first needle water pump connected with the first needle water pipe is arranged on the outer side of the first solar heat collecting tube;
a second atomizer and a second needle water pipe connected with the second atomizer are arranged in the second solar heat collecting pipe, and a second needle water pump connected with the second needle water pipe is arranged at the outer side of the second solar heat collecting pipe;
the liquid storage container is internally provided with seawater, is assembled above the side of the evaporation device and is communicated with the double-tube solar heat collecting tube unit, and the seawater is injected into the double-tube solar heat collecting tube unit through self gravity;
the heated seawater in the first solar heat collecting pipe of each double-pipe solar heat collecting pipe unit is conveyed to the second atomizer of the second solar heat collecting pipe through the first needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, and the heated seawater in the second solar heat collecting pipe is conveyed to the first atomizer of the first solar heat collecting pipe through the second needle water pump to be charged atomized and evaporated, so that circulating spraying is realized;
the first atomizer and the second atomizer have the same structure and comprise a U-shaped conducting electrode and a funnel-shaped shell connected with the U-shaped conducting electrode, wherein the funnel-shaped shell is provided with a U-shaped conducting electrode fixing hole, the end part of the U-shaped conducting electrode is connected with the U-shaped conducting electrode fixing hole, the middle part of the funnel-shaped shell is provided with a needle fixing hole, a needle connector is arranged in the needle fixing hole, and the end part of the needle connector is provided with a needle;
the spray needle connector of the first atomizer is connected with a first spray needle water pipe in the first solar heat collecting pipe, and the spray needle connector of the second atomizer is connected with a second spray needle water pipe in the second solar heat collecting pipe;
the first solar heat collecting tube and the second solar heat collecting tube are both provided with high-voltage bags, the negative electrode of the high-voltage bag of the first solar heat collecting tube is connected with a spray needle in the first solar heat collecting tube, the positive electrode of the high-voltage bag is connected with a U-shaped conductive electrode terminal in the first solar heat collecting tube, and conversely, the positive electrode of the high-voltage bag provided with the second solar heat collecting tube is connected with a spray needle in the second solar heat collecting tube, the negative electrode of the high-voltage bag is connected with the U-shaped conductive electrode terminal in the second solar heat collecting tube, and each U-shaped conductive electrode extends into the bottom of each solar heat collecting tube and clings to the tube wall;
the evaporation device also comprises a booster pump; the included angle formed by the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees.
2. The double-tube type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the funnel-shaped shell is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air outlet and an air blowing port.
3. The double-pipe type electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evaporation device further comprises an electronic controller and a liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor detects liquid levels inside the first solar heat collecting pipe and the second solar heat collecting pipe, and if the liquid level of the seawater is too low, the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the electronic controller, so that the flow rate of the seawater injected into the solar heat collecting pipe unit from the liquid storage container is controlled.
4. The double-tube electrostatic atomization solar seawater desalination and evaporation plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid storage container is connected with a condensing device, and the condensing device exchanges heat with seawater in the liquid storage container.
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