CN110036962B - Feeding device for cage culture - Google Patents

Feeding device for cage culture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110036962B
CN110036962B CN201910350092.9A CN201910350092A CN110036962B CN 110036962 B CN110036962 B CN 110036962B CN 201910350092 A CN201910350092 A CN 201910350092A CN 110036962 B CN110036962 B CN 110036962B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve sleeve
blanking
vertical
floating frame
feeding
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CN201910350092.9A
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CN110036962A (en
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柴学军
薛彬
胡则辉
王跃斌
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80Feeding devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a feeding device for cage culture, and aims to provide a feeding device for cage culture, which can effectively solve the problems that a large amount of baits are not eaten by fishes in a deep sea culture cage and sink through the culture cage, so that the baits are seriously wasted and a large amount of residual baits are deposited on the seabed in the conventional artificial feeding mode for the deep sea culture cage. It comprises a supporting floating frame; a culture net cage; the intermittent feeding mechanism comprises a floating frame, a bin arranged on the supporting floating frame, a vertical blanking pipe arranged at the bottom of the bin, a sliding plunger arranged in the vertical blanking pipe, a vertical connecting rod connecting the sliding plunger and the floating frame, a blanking cylinder body positioned in the aquaculture net cage, a feeding valve sleeve arranged on the upper end face of the blanking cylinder body, an upper piston arranged in the feeding valve sleeve, a blanking valve sleeve arranged on the lower end face of the blanking cylinder body, a lower piston arranged in the blanking valve sleeve, and a piston connecting rod connecting the upper piston and the lower piston.

Description

Feeding device for cage culture
Technical Field
The invention relates to deep sea cage culture, in particular to a feeding device for cage culture.
Background
The existing deep sea aquaculture net cage mainly comprises a supporting floating frame, an aquaculture net cage and a floating frame fixing device, wherein the supporting floating frame floats on the sea surface; the aquaculture net cage is hung below the supporting floating frame through a first connecting rope and is lowered to a depth limited underwater; the floating frame fixing device comprises a plurality of counter weights which are settled to the seabed and a fixing inhaul cable which is used for connecting the counter weights and supporting the floating frame. The artificial feeding of the current deep sea aquaculture net cage is usually simple, the feeding is carried out through a feeding pipe, the upper end of the feeding pipe is positioned above the sea surface, the lower end of the feeding pipe is connected into the aquaculture net cage, the bait is thrown into the aquaculture net cage through the feeding pipe, a large amount of bait is thrown into the aquaculture net cage in one step by the feeding mode, a large amount of bait is not eaten by fishes in the aquaculture net cage, the bait sinks and penetrates through the aquaculture net cage, the serious waste of the bait and the deposition of a large amount of residual bait to the seabed are caused, the marine substrate environment is influenced, and the problem that the marine substrate environment presents the eutrophication trend is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding device for cage culture, which can effectively solve the problems that a large amount of baits sink through a deep-sea culture cage without being eaten by fishes in the culture cage, so that the baits are seriously wasted, and a large amount of residual baits are deposited on the seabed to influence the marine substrate environment in the conventional artificial feeding mode of the deep-sea culture cage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a feeding device for cage culture comprises: the supporting floating frame floats on the sea surface; the aquaculture net cage is suspended below the supporting floating frame through a first connecting rope; the floating frame fixing device comprises a plurality of first counter weights which are settled to the seabed and a first fixing inhaul cable which is used for connecting the first counter weights and the supporting floating frame; the net cage fixing device comprises a plurality of second counter weights which are sunk to the seabed and a second fixing inhaul cable which is used for connecting the second counter weights and the aquaculture net cage; the intermittent feeding mechanism comprises a floating frame floating on the sea surface, a vertical guide rod arranged on a supporting floating frame, a guide sleeve arranged on the floating frame and matched with the vertical guide rod, a bin arranged on the supporting floating frame, a vertical discharging pipe arranged at the bottom of the bin, a sliding plunger arranged in the vertical discharging pipe in a sliding manner, a vertical connecting rod connecting the sliding plunger and the floating frame, a discharging cylinder body positioned in the aquaculture net cage, a feeding valve sleeve arranged on the upper end surface of the discharging cylinder body, an upper piston arranged in the feeding valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a discharging valve sleeve arranged on the lower end surface of the discharging cylinder body, a lower piston arranged in the discharging valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod connecting the upper piston and the lower piston, a third counterweight positioned below the discharging valve sleeve, a second connecting rope connecting the third counterweight and the lower piston, a connecting pipe connecting the vertical discharging pipe and the feeding valve sleeve, and a third connecting rope connecting the piston and the sliding plunger in the connecting pipe, the feeding valve sleeve is fixed on the aquaculture net cage.
Preferably, an upper limit block and a lower limit block are arranged on the vertical guide rod, the guide sleeve is positioned between the upper limit block and the lower limit block, an inner limit block is arranged at the lower part of the inner side surface of the blanking valve sleeve, when the guide sleeve abuts against the lower limit block, the sliding plunger moves downwards into the vertical blanking pipe to block the vertical blanking pipe, the lower piston moves downwards into the blanking valve sleeve and abuts against the inner limit block under the action of a third balance weight, and when the lower piston abuts against the inner limit block, the upper piston moves downwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the feeding valve sleeve; when the guide sleeve abuts against the upper limiting block, the sliding plunger moves upwards into the feed bin and is separated from the vertical blanking pipe, the upper piston moves upwards into the feeding valve sleeve, and the lower piston moves upwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the blanking valve sleeve.
Preferably, the upper end of the bin is provided with an opening, the upper end of the bin is provided with an upper cover, the upper cover comprises a cover plate for covering the opening at the upper end of the bin and a cover body formed by downwards extending the edge of the cover plate, the cover body is sleeved on the bin, and the upper cover is fixed on the vertical connecting rod.
Preferably, the floating frame comprises a floating block floating on the sea surface, a floating rod positioned above the supporting floating frame and a connecting rod for connecting the floating rod and the floating block, the guide sleeve is arranged on the floating rod, the upper end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the floating rod, and the lower end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the sliding plunger.
Preferably, the feed valve sleeve is coaxial with the discharge valve sleeve.
Preferably, the lower end of the discharging valve sleeve is further provided with a protective net cover, the protective net cover is located in the aquaculture net cage, and the lower end of the discharging valve sleeve is located in the protective net cover.
Preferably, the lower end of the blanking cylinder body is a conical material guide part with the inner diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Preferably, the lower end of the storage bin is a conical blanking part with the inner diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems that a large amount of baits are not eaten by fishes in the deep sea aquaculture net cage and sink through the aquaculture net cage, so that the baits are seriously wasted, and a large amount of residual baits are deposited on the seabed to influence the sea bottom environment in the conventional artificial feeding mode of the deep sea aquaculture net cage can be effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device for cage culture of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of B in fig. 1.
In the figure:
supporting the floating frame 1;
a culture net cage 2;
a first connecting cord 3;
the device comprises a floating frame fixing device 4, a first balance weight 4.1 and a first fixing inhaul cable 4.2;
the net cage fixing device 5, a second counterweight 5.1 and a second fixing inhaul cable 5.2;
the device comprises an intermittent feeding mechanism 6, a vertical guide rod 6.0, a guide sleeve 6.01, an upper limit block 6.02, a lower limit block 6.03, a floating frame 6.1, a floating block 6.1.1, a floating rod 6.1.2, a connecting rod 6.1.3, a storage bin 6.2, a conical discharging part 6.21, a connecting pipe 6.3, a discharging cylinder 6.4, a conical material guiding part 6.41, a vertical discharging pipe 6.5, a sliding plunger 6.6, a vertical connecting rod 6.7, a third connecting rope 6.8, an upper cover 6.9, a feeding valve sleeve 6.10, a discharging valve sleeve 6.11, an upper piston 6.12, a lower piston 6.13, a piston connecting rod 6.14, a third balance weight 6.15, a second connecting rope 6.16 and a protective mesh cover 6.17.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly explained and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present scheme, and are not construed as limiting the scheme of the present invention.
These and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be apparent with reference to the following description and attached drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the ways in which the principles of the embodiments of the invention may be practiced, but it is understood that the scope of the embodiments of the invention is not limited thereby. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., and "several" means one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections, either mechanical or electrical, or communicating with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, a feeding device for net cage culture comprises a supporting floating frame 1, a culture net cage 2, a floating frame fixing device 4, a net cage fixing device 5 and an intermittent feeding mechanism 6.
The supporting floating frame 1 floats on the sea surface. The aquaculture net cage 2 is hung below the supporting floating frame through a first connecting rope 3 and is lowered to a limited depth underwater. The floating frame fixing device 4 comprises a plurality of first balance weights 4.1 which are sunk to the seabed and a first fixing inhaul cable 4.2 which is used for connecting the first balance weights and supporting the floating frame. The net cage fixing device 5 comprises a plurality of second balance weights 5.1 which are sunk to the seabed and second fixing inhaul cables 5.2 which are used for connecting the second balance weights and the aquaculture net cage.
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the intermittent feeding mechanism 6 comprises a floating frame 6.1 floating on the sea surface, a vertical guide rod 6.0 arranged on a supporting floating frame, a guide sleeve 6.01 arranged on the floating frame and matched with the vertical guide rod, a bin 6.2 arranged on the supporting floating frame, a vertical blanking pipe 6.5 arranged at the bottom of the bin, a sliding plunger 6.6 arranged in the vertical blanking pipe in a sliding manner, a vertical connecting rod 6.7 connecting the sliding plunger with the floating frame, a blanking cylinder 6.4 positioned in the aquaculture net cage, a feeding valve sleeve 6.10 arranged on the upper end surface of the blanking cylinder, an upper piston 6.12 arranged in the feeding valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a blanking valve sleeve 6.11 arranged on the lower end surface of the blanking cylinder, a lower piston 6.13 arranged in the blanking valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod 6.14 connecting the upper piston with the lower piston, a third counterweight 6.15 positioned below the blanking valve sleeve, and a second connecting rope 6.16 connecting the third counterweight with the lower piston, A connecting pipe 6.3 connecting the vertical blanking pipe and the feeding valve sleeve and a third connecting rope 6.8 which is positioned in the connecting pipe and connects the upper piston and the sliding plunger. The feeding valve sleeve is fixed on the aquaculture net cage, and the specific feeding valve sleeve is fixed on the top of the aquaculture net cage. Bait is stored in the feed bin. The inner diameter of the blanking cylinder body is larger than that of the feeding valve sleeve. The inner diameter of the blanking cylinder body is larger than that of the blanking valve sleeve.
An upper limiting block 6.02 and a lower limiting block 6.03 are arranged on the vertical guide rod. The guide sleeve is located between the upper limiting block and the lower limiting block. An inner limiting block is arranged on the lower portion of the inner side face of the discharging valve sleeve and is located below the lower piston.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the guide sleeve abuts against the lower limit block, the sliding plunger moves downwards into the vertical blanking pipe to block the vertical blanking pipe, and the lower piston moves downwards into the blanking valve sleeve and abuts against the inner limit block under the action of a third counterweight; when the lower piston abuts against the inner limiting block, the upper piston moves downwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the feeding valve sleeve.
When the guide sleeve abuts against the upper limiting block, the sliding plunger moves upwards into the feed bin and is separated from the vertical blanking pipe, the upper piston moves upwards into the feeding valve sleeve, and the lower piston moves upwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the blanking valve sleeve.
When the upper piston moves downwards and is separated from the feeding valve sleeve, the lower piston moves downwards into the discharging valve sleeve to plug the discharging valve sleeve. When the lower piston moves upwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the blanking valve sleeve, the upper piston moves upwards into the feeding valve sleeve to seal the feeding valve sleeve.
In the embodiment, the aquaculture net cage is almost kept still under the action of the net cage fixing device, the supporting floating frame and the storage bin are almost kept still under the action of the floating frame fixing device, and the floating frame can float up and down under the action of sea waves, so that the sliding plunger is driven to move up and down in the process of floating up and down of the floating frame, and the upper piston and the lower piston are driven to move up through the third connecting rope in the process of moving up the sliding plunger; and in the downward moving process of the sliding plunger, the upper piston and the lower piston move downward under the action of the third counterweight.
When the floating frame floats upwards to enable the guide sleeve to abut against the upper limiting block, the sliding plunger moves upwards to move into the feed bin and is separated from the vertical blanking pipe, so that part of bait in the feed bin falls into the connecting pipe through the vertical blanking pipe; the upper piston moves upwards into the feeding valve sleeve, and the feeding valve sleeve is sealed through the upper piston, so that seawater is prevented from entering the connecting pipe and the storage bin through the feeding valve sleeve; the lower piston is moved into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the blanking valve sleeve, so that the bait in the blanking cylinder body falls into the aquaculture net cage through the blanking valve sleeve, and the bait is put into the aquaculture net cage;
when the floating frame floats downwards to enable the guide sleeve to abut against the lower limiting block, the sliding plunger moves downwards into the vertical blanking pipe to plug the vertical blanking pipe, so that bait in the bin stops falling, meanwhile, the lower piston moves downwards into the blanking valve sleeve and abuts against the inner limiting block under the action of a third balance weight, so that the lower piston seals the blanking valve sleeve, seawater is prevented from entering the connecting pipe and the bin through the blanking valve sleeve, and when the lower piston abuts against the inner limiting block, the upper piston moves downwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the feeding valve sleeve, so that the bait in the connecting pipe falls into the blanking cylinder body;
so, at the continuous in-process that floats from top to bottom of floating frame, realize carrying out the bait of puting in of intermittent type formula to the aquaculture net case, and the partly bait in the feed bin of puting in at every turn, so, what make bait can be timely is eaten by the fish in the aquaculture net case, avoid bait to sink and pass the aquaculture net case, thereby effectively solve present deep sea aquaculture net case's artifical feed mode, it does not eat by the fish in the aquaculture net case to have a large amount of bait, just sink and pass the aquaculture net case, cause the serious waste of bait and a large amount of incomplete bait deposit to the seabed, influence the problem of ocean bottom material environment.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the bin 6.2 is open, the upper end of the bin is provided with an upper cover 6.9, the upper cover comprises a cover plate for covering the upper end opening of the bin and a sleeve body formed by extending the edge of the cover plate downwards, and the sleeve body is sleeved on the bin. The upper cover is fixed on the vertical connecting rod. So, can be under the condition that does not influence intermittent type feed mechanism work, cover the upper end opening that covers the feed bin through the upper cover.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the floating frame 6.1 comprises a floating block 6.1.1 floating on the sea surface, a floating rod 6.1.2 positioned above the supporting floating frame and a connecting rod 6.1.3 connecting the floating rod and the floating block. The guide sleeve is arranged on the floating rod. The upper end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the floating rod, and the lower end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the sliding plunger.
Furthermore, the feeding valve sleeve is coaxial with the discharging valve sleeve.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the discharging valve sleeve is also provided with a protective mesh enclosure 6.17, the protective mesh enclosure is positioned in the aquaculture net cage, and the lower end of the discharging valve sleeve is positioned in the protective mesh enclosure. Therefore, the normal work of the intermittent feeding mechanism is influenced when the fishes in the aquaculture net cage enter the baiting valve sleeve.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the lower end of the storage bin is a conical blanking part 6.21 with the inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the blanking cylinder is a conical material guiding portion 6.41 with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A feeding device for cage culture comprises:
the supporting floating frame floats on the sea surface;
the aquaculture net cage is suspended below the supporting floating frame through a first connecting rope;
the floating frame fixing device comprises a plurality of first counter weights which are settled to the seabed and a first fixing inhaul cable which is used for connecting the first counter weights and the supporting floating frame;
the net cage fixing device comprises a plurality of second counter weights which are sunk to the seabed and a second fixing inhaul cable which is used for connecting the second counter weights and the aquaculture net cage; the device is characterized by further comprising an intermittent feeding mechanism, wherein the intermittent feeding mechanism comprises a floating frame floating on the sea surface, a vertical guide rod arranged on the supporting floating frame, a guide sleeve arranged on the floating frame and matched with the vertical guide rod, a storage bin arranged on the supporting floating frame, a vertical discharging pipe arranged at the bottom of the storage bin, a sliding plunger arranged in the vertical discharging pipe in a sliding manner, a vertical connecting rod connecting the sliding plunger and the floating frame, a discharging cylinder body positioned in the aquaculture net cage, a feeding valve sleeve arranged on the upper end surface of the discharging cylinder body, an upper piston arranged in the feeding valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a discharging valve sleeve arranged on the lower end surface of the discharging cylinder body, a lower piston arranged in the discharging valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod connecting the upper piston and the lower piston, a third balance weight positioned below the discharging valve sleeve, a second connecting rope connecting the third balance weight and the lower piston, a connecting pipe connecting the vertical discharging pipe and the feeding valve sleeve, and a first connecting pipe positioned in the connecting pipe and the feeding valve sleeve is fixed on the aquaculture net cage;
an upper limit block and a lower limit block are arranged on the vertical guide rod, the guide sleeve is positioned between the upper limit block and the lower limit block, an inner limit block is arranged at the lower part of the inner side surface of the blanking valve sleeve,
when the guide sleeve abuts against the lower limiting block, the sliding plunger moves downwards into the vertical blanking pipe to plug the vertical blanking pipe, the lower piston moves downwards into the blanking valve sleeve and abuts against the inner limiting block under the action of a third balance weight, and when the lower piston abuts against the inner limiting block, the upper piston moves downwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the feeding valve sleeve;
when the guide sleeve abuts against the upper limiting block, the sliding plunger moves upwards into the feed bin and is separated from the vertical blanking pipe, the upper piston moves upwards into the feeding valve sleeve, and the lower piston moves upwards into the blanking cylinder body and is separated from the blanking valve sleeve.
2. The feeding device for cage culture according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the bin is open, an upper cover is arranged at the upper end of the bin, the upper cover comprises a cover plate for covering the upper end opening of the bin and a sleeve body formed by extending the edge of the cover plate downwards, the sleeve body is sleeved on the bin, and the upper cover is fixed on the vertical connecting rod.
3. A feeding device for cage culture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the floating frame comprises a floating block floating on the sea surface, a floating rod positioned above the supporting floating frame and a connecting rod connecting the floating rod and the floating block, the guide sleeve is arranged on the floating rod, the upper end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the floating rod, and the lower end of the vertical connecting rod is connected with the sliding plunger.
4. A feeding device for cage culture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feeding valve housing and the discharging valve housing are coaxial.
5. A feeding device for net cage culture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower end of the blanking valve sleeve is further provided with a protective net cover, the protective net cover is positioned in the culture net cage, and the lower end of the blanking valve sleeve is positioned in the protective net cover.
6. A feeding device for cage culture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower end of the blanking cylinder body is a conical material guiding part with the inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.
7. The feeding device for cage culture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower end of the storage bin is a conical blanking part with the inner diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom.
CN201910350092.9A 2019-04-28 2019-04-28 Feeding device for cage culture Active CN110036962B (en)

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RU211688U1 (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-06-17 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины Fish feeder

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