CN110031893A - Drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection - Google Patents
Drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031893A CN110031893A CN201910317256.8A CN201910317256A CN110031893A CN 110031893 A CN110031893 A CN 110031893A CN 201910317256 A CN201910317256 A CN 201910317256A CN 110031893 A CN110031893 A CN 110031893A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/24—Recording seismic data
- G01V1/242—Seismographs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/24—Recording seismic data
- G01V1/247—Digital recording of seismic data, e.g. in acquisition units or nodes
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Abstract
The invention discloses drillings to survey new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, and it includes three phases that method is surveyed on ground: preliminary phase surveys the stage in detail and benefit surveys the stage；Fine motion detection is using round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units, round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units include the array of 7 seismographs composition, wherein 6 seismographs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the same imaginary circles, and the center point of imaginary circles is arranged in 1 seismograph.Effect of the invention is: drilling provided by the invention combines the method for surveying novelly of fine motion detection to solve that traditionally to survey such as geology blind area that method faces excessive, and measuring point is layouted limited, a series of problems, such as environmental problem is prominent.Continuous high-precision shear wave (S wave) velocity profile surveyed in area can be obtained, geological information is more abundant accurate.It surveys efficiency with also improving simultaneously, has saved construction cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drillings to survey new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection.
Background technique
Subway belongs to underground public facility construction scope, with the encryption of Metro Network, the feelings in subway construction region
Condition becomes increasingly complex, and difficulty of construction is increasing.On the one hand, solution cavity can be usually encountered during subway shield tunnel construction, boulder,
The special geological structures such as fracture belt carry out subway shield tunnel construction in the bad ground comprising above-mentioned special tectonic, not only construct
Difficulty is big, and engineering risk is high；On the other hand, complicated Urban Buried Pipeline Network is also perplex shield-tunneling construction one big
Problem.Solve the problems, such as above two aspect, it is necessary to by early period survey the detailed geological information for obtaining shield design section, determine
The position of unfavorable geologic body and the distribution situation of underground pipe network, and then corresponding measure is taken in advance, reduce construction risk.Therefore,
During Urban Metro Construction, geological mapping is highly important link, it is directly related to the progress and matter of entire engineering
Amount is one of the key factor for guaranteeing subway work safety.
Currently, metro construction engineering, which generallys use geotechnical boring, cooperates traditional geophysical method, as geological radar,
Resistivity method etc. to carry out is surveyed.Boring and coring is carried out according to the spacing of Practical Project demand, first 50~100m of selection, is passed through
Rock sample is analyzed to obtain the earth formation information below drilling point, then encryption drilling, is surveyed in detail.Spacing usual 10 is surveyed in detail
~20m.The case where there are pipelines and shallow-layer artificial works for underground then carries out single-point detection using geological radar etc..
With the rapid development of current urban construction, the appearance of various new problems is limited only to traditionally to survey method and has been difficult to fit
Should before metro construction engineering demand, defect and insufficient exposure be obvious:
1. being limited seriously by site condition: being often the major urban arterial highway of heavy traffic above metro shield section, herein
It is generally not allowed on class arterial highway and destructive means is taken to carry out geological mapping.
2. geology blind area is excessive: due to the limitation of execution conditions and expense etc., the spacing of geotechnical boring is usually
50-100m is essentially all geology blind area between Kong Yukong, can only be speculated that precision is difficult by the information in two holes of left and right
To guarantee, it is likely that generate large error, bring risk for construction.
3. having destructiveness, not environmentally friendly enough: the drilling depth of geotechnical boring at 10 meters or more, can at least be made urban pavement
At destruction, while being also possible to the damage existing pipeline in underground, thus caused by cut off the water supply, power off, pipe leakage or even gas explosion
Etc. accidents quality of residents'life and social safety problem can be caused to seriously affect；It makes an uproar in addition, drilling machine continuous operation can also be brought
A series of problems, such as sound pollution, fugitive dust.
4. the routine geophysical exploration means such as geological radar, resistivity method have, depth sounding is insufficient, poor anti jamming capability, easily
There is the problems such as data distortion, detection accuracy is inadequate.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide the subway engineerings that a kind of drilling combines fine motion detection
New method is surveyed on ground.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, and it includes three phases that method is surveyed on ground: preliminary phase, in detail
It surveys the stage and benefit surveys the stage；
Fine motion detection is adopted using round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units, round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data
Collection unit includes the array of 7 seismographs composition, wherein 6 seismographs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the same imaginary circles
On, the center point of imaginary circles is arranged in 1 seismograph.
It is preferred that measuring point spacing is no less than the half of minimal wave length in target frequency bands in terms of any direction, with
Reduce the error of frequency mixing of wave-number domain.
It is preferred that the maximum spacing of measuring point spacing takes the maximum wavelength of 5~6 times of target frequency bands.
It is preferred that maximum wavelength and minimum wavelength and Site characteristic relating to parameters in target frequency bands, need to utilize field
30 meters of average transverse wave speed Vs below ground30With self-excited oscillation cycle TGTo determine: λ=0.05 × VS30×TG。
It is preferred that the radius of imaginary circles are as follows:
Δxmin=λmin/2
Δxmax=5 λmax~6 λmax
In formula: λmin、λmaxRespectively minimum wavelength and maximum wavelength；
Δxmin、ΔxmaxThe respectively least radius and maximum radius of observation array.
It is preferred that the environmental assessment of fine motion data collection site should include following items content:
(1) it surveys area's special case: obtaining and survey area's high precision plane figure and underground utilities distribution map etc., internally according to region
Shape condition and above and below ground construction of structures distribution situation carry out grid dividing, check environment defective region, for optimization side line setting
Reference is provided；
(2) interference source is analyzed: fixed frequency interference source, such as industrial machinery, water pump, generator etc., Ying Yange is avoided herein
Class interference source nearby carries out data acquisition；Random disturbances source, such as automobile should increase the point data record time to guarantee to have
Enough signal lengths carry out later period denoising；
(3) survey area's surface conditions: whether measuring point earth's surface allows instrument directly to place, and Ying Yange avoids directly placing instrument
In muddy ground, long meadow, in the soft earth's surface such as soil of liquid infiltration；If it is for example high and steep that measuring point orographic condition can not directly place instrument
Wall, slope etc. should then use the artificial couplings such as sandbag to retainer instrument, should be avoided using plank, foam etc.；
(4) earth's surface and the analysis of underground shallow layer structures: measuring point nearby whether there is building, trees etc., and underground shallow layer is
It is no that there are parking lot, underground pipings etc.；It should be avoided in principle and acquire data in above-mentioned near vicinity；
(5) data acquisition weather condition: should be stopped when wind speed is greater than 5m/s；It avoids carrying out data acquisition in the rain；Gas
As disturbance, it should be avoided and acquire data in hypobaric；
It carries out that on-the-spot record, fill message record sheet need to be carried out when site environment assessment.
It is preferred that assessment result need to reasonably be arranged depending on the site environment to obtain high quality fine motion data
Measurement parameter；
Measurement parameter, which is reasonably arranged, in assessment result depending on the site environment specifically should carry out data acquisition according to specification process,
Specification process includes instrument preparation stage and data acquisition phase；
The instrument preparation stage:
(1) the suitable seismic signal acquisition device of selection parameter: instrument sample rate should be far longer than the 2 of highest goal frequency
Times；Minimum effective frequency should be far below minimum target frequency；
(2) instrument uniformity test, the correlation between test equipment, the ginseng such as signal time delay instrument calibration: are carried out
Number, and be corrected；
(3) assessment result determines data acquisition survey line trend and point arrangement depending on the site environment, and in test point
Lay the seven node circle arrays；
Data acquisition phase:
S1 opens equipment: checking whether seismograph electricity is sufficient, whether memory card capacity is sufficient, it is ensured that GPS signal
Stablize, GPS clock is waited to be automatically performed synchronization, indicator light is in flashing state, determines that the connection of Bluetooth module is normal, refers to
Show that the instrument deadline calibrates and starts data acquisition；
The instrumental azimuth S2: according to measuring point arrangement design scheme, each instrument is sequentially arranged in each survey by round array mode
Pilot position, instrument board direct north and practical direct north adjust consistent；
S3 instrument leveling: conditioning instrumentation knob keeps minute bubbles in horizon dial placed in the middle, is adjusted to instrument level and puts, with
Effectively receive micro-tremor signal；
S4 starts to acquire: record measuring point start-stop testing time, single measuring point data acquisition time are no less than 20 minutes；
S5 site operation remarks: carrying out test environment record to each test point in test process, to the people around scene
Work activity is recorded, and observes and large-scale interference source, middle-size and small-size interference source whether occurs around hourly observation scene；To measuring point into
Row is taken pictures；
S6 instrument real time monitoring: in data acquisition should working state signal lamp to seismograph carry out it is real-time
Monitoring such as finds that signal lamp should do timely processing extremely, makes a record and mends again and surveys the point；
S7 on-site data monitoring: after arranging array instrument, turn-on data transmission module connects data monitoring terminal,
Data transmission module transfers data to data monitoring terminal by Bluetooth transmission mode, realizes detection data real-time transmission, and
The data obtained using each array of data monitoring terminal monitoring；Sentenced by data signal waveforms and spot jamming resource situation analysis
The disconnected quality of data；Judge whether data are qualified, the underproof measuring point of data is resurveyed；
S8 sorting and file: reading and archive including data file, field record filing.
It is preferred that preliminary phase includes the following steps:
A) it is needing search coverage confirmation exploration point and is laying；
B) drilling depth is determined:
Controlling drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 30m；Such as severely-weathered, full blast within the scope of structure buried depth
Change lithostratigraphy and enters structure base slab or less no less than 15m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stratum preferably enters structure base slab or less 5-8m；
Generality drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 20m；Such as severely-weathered, full blast within the scope of structure buried depth
Change lithostratigraphy and enters structure base slab or less no less than 10m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stratum enters structure base slab or less and is no less than 5m；
C) confirmation of drilling machine vertical shaft orientation, dip correction, safety inspection are carried out in the point of confirmation, rigging up is simultaneously later
It is drilled with determining drilling depth；
D) raw log data are recorded；
E) it is layered and is layered geologic description, and carries out geological record；
F) Preliminary division country rock grade and ground construction work grade.
Include the following steps: it is preferred that surveying the stage in detail
A) advanced exploration blind area, i.e. fine motion search coverage are determined according to advanced exploration result, is surveyed in detail in blind area progress fine motion blind to supplement
Area's geological information；
B) search coverage is being needed to lay seven seismographs in seven node circle array methods；
C) after arranging array instrument, turn-on data transmission module connects data monitoring terminal, and data transmission module will
Data transmission realizes detection data real-time transmission to data monitoring terminal, monitors the data that each array obtains；
D) then the array is placed 20 minutes, detection instrument is made to obtain sufficient micro-tremor signal；Period to array data and
Human activity around detection scene is recorded, and observes and large-scale interference source, medium and small whether occurs around hourly observation scene
Type interference source；
E) data that each array of real-time monitoring obtains, are judged by data signal waveforms and spot jamming resource situation analysis
The quality of data；
F) signal segment being disturbed is found in time, is chosen whether to need to resurvey according to the contaminated degree of signal；
G) data process and interpretation is carried out according to acquisition data cases, is surveyed result in detail.
Include the following steps: it is preferred that mending the stage of surveying
A) interpretive analysis surveys the stratigraphic section that the stage obtains in detail, carries out region threat level assessment；
B) high risk zone there may be unfavorable geologic body is determined；
C) with survey in detail phase flow to need to mend survey region carry out fine motion detection；
D) with preliminary phase process to need to mend survey region carry out drillhole validation；
E) fine motion detection result and drill hole sampling result are compared into confirmation, obtains exploration final result.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: drilling provided by the invention combines the method for surveying of fine motion detection to solve biography novelly
It is excessive that such as geology blind area that method faces is surveyed on system ground, measuring point layout it is limited, a series of problems, such as environmental problem protrusion.It can obtain
Continuous high-precision shear wave (S wave) velocity profile in area is surveyed, geological information is more abundant accurate.Survey effect simultaneously with also improving
Rate has saved construction cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is preliminary phase flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is to survey phase flow schematic diagram in detail；
Fig. 3 is 7 node circle array installation modes；
Fig. 4 is to mend to survey phase flow schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
Drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, and it includes three phases that method is surveyed on ground: preliminary phase, in detail
It surveys the stage and benefit surveys the stage；
Fine motion detection is adopted using round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units, round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data
Collection unit includes the array of 7 seismographs composition, wherein 6 seismographs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the same imaginary circles
On, the center point of imaginary circles is arranged in 1 seismograph.Using fine motion Detection Techniques to two drilling between white space into
Row detection in detail, obtains the continuous high-precision stratigraphic section in entire work area.Fine motion point arrangement should be advisable with 5m spacing, on ground
Looks, geologic element handover position, the larger location of formation variation and baleful geological processes and special rock soil development location should add
Close fine motion point.The microtremor observation array uses the 7 node circle arrays, and it is as shown in Figure 3 to lay mode.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the array should be not less than the maximum wavelength in target frequency bands.
The diameter (i.e. virtual diameter of a circle) of the array should be not less than target frequency bands (usually 1-30Hz, according to actual detection
Depth is determined, at present surveyed in the shallow earth's surface in city in substantially 50 meters, so 1-30hz is with regard to enough) in maximum wavelength,
Because actual acquisition to signal frequency range be very wide only to choose target frequency bands.Research the common method of fine motion have FK and
SPAC method, since FK method has certain limitation, what the present invention selected is SPAC method.
The present invention is based on a series of shallow earth's surface fine motion exploration project in cities, analysis compared the property of the different interstitial content arrays
Can, it proposes 7 completely new node observation array schemes, and increase real-time Data Transmission module on this basis, realizes scene
Interactive data acquisition live can analyze data, find underproof data, timely emergency processing.
Compared to traditional 4,6 node observation systems, 7 node systems are in data acquisition quality, construction efficiency and are constructed into
Present aspect all has clear superiority, two core parameters of comparative analysis: 1. data acquisition qualities；2. construction efficiency.
The quality of data acquired in the array of different interstitial contents is compared first.It can be seen directly that number by SPAC curve
According to quality, then the quality of data is better closer to theoretical curve (zero-order Bessel curve) for SPAC curve, on the contrary then poorer.Such as figure
Shown in 1, the number of node influences the SPAC curve of acquisition significant on circumference.When being only distributed 3 nodes on circumference, i.e. 4 sections
The point array, obtained SPAC curvilinear correlation is relatively low, and configuration differs greatly with standard zeroth order Bezier, and small range
Interior fluctuates frequently, shows that 4 node array stability and anti-interference ability are poor, and in ambient conditions complexity, there are more
It is difficult to obtain high-precision SPAC curve in the environment of instantaneous unstable state noise.As distribution node number increases on circumference, from
It can be seen that the SPAC curve of the 6 node arrays increases compared to 4 node array quality in figure, and what the 7 node arrays obtained
SPAC curve either configuration accuracy or curve smoothing degree are that most preferably, (zero-order Bessel is bent with theoretical curve
Line) closely, this shows that the quality of data that the 7 node arrays obtain is substantially better than 4, the 6 node arrays.
Construction cost and construction efficiency comparative analysis:
For engineering project, construction efficiency is equally very important index.What node was constituted on circumference is inscribed
Polygonal shape can impact construction efficiency.It is respectively 3 and 5 that the 4 and 6 node arrays, which are located at interstitial content on circumference, for surprise
Number, then not by the diagonal line in the center of circle, this can lay to instrument and make troubles the inscribed polygon formed, reduce construction efficiency
It also will affect precision of layouting simultaneously.Comprehensively consider, under the premise of guaranteeing SPAC curve acquisition precision, takes into account construction efficiency, 7 sections
The point array is undoubtedly optimal case.
In a preferred embodiment, in terms of any direction, (measuring point spacing is between two array central points to measuring point spacing
Distance, i.e. two adjacent virtuals circle circle center distance) be no less than the half of minimal wave length in target frequency bands, to reduce wave number
The error of frequency mixing in domain.As shown in Fig. 2, being provided at least two observation points, the distance between observation point (measuring point on measurement route
Spacing) it is 10m, the radius of the array or imaginary circles is 3m.
In a preferred embodiment, the maximum spacing of measuring point spacing takes the maximum wavelength of 5~6 times of target frequency bands.
In a preferred embodiment, maximum wavelength and minimum wavelength and Site characteristic relating to parameters in target frequency bands, need
Utilize 30 meters below place average transverse wave speed Vs30With self-excited oscillation cycle TGTo determine: λ=0.05 × VS30×TG。
Relevant parameter according to the form below carries out value:
Site condition classification standard
In a preferred embodiment, the radius of imaginary circles are as follows:
Δxmin=λmin/2
Δxmax=5 λmax~6 λmax
In formula: λmin、λmaxMinimum wavelength and maximum wavelength
Δxmin、ΔxmaxThe least radius and maximum radius of observation array.
In a preferred embodiment, scene is middle hard-soil condition, is computed minimum and maximum wavelength are as follows:
λmin=4m λmax=9m
Then Rmin=λmin/ 2=2m；Rmax=5 λmax~6 λmax=45m~54m
In formula: λmin、λmaxMinimum wavelength and maximum wavelength, Rmin、RmaxThe least radius and maximum radius of observation array.
In a preferred embodiment, the radius of imaginary circles are as follows:
Δxmin=λmin/2
Δxmax=5 λmax~6 λmax
In formula: λmin、λmaxRespectively minimum wavelength and maximum wavelength；
Δxmin、ΔxmaxThe respectively least radius and maximum radius of observation array.
In a preferred embodiment, the environmental assessment of fine motion data collection site should include following items content:
(1) it surveys area's special case: obtaining and survey area's high precision plane figure and underground utilities distribution map etc., internally according to region
Shape condition and above and below ground construction of structures distribution situation carry out grid dividing, check environment defective region, for optimization side line setting
Reference is provided；
(2) interference source is analyzed: fixed frequency interference source, such as industrial machinery, water pump, generator etc., Ying Yange is avoided herein
Class interference source nearby carries out data acquisition (within 100m)；Random disturbances source, such as automobile, when should increase the point data record
Between to guarantee to there is enough signal lengths to carry out later period denoising；
(3) survey area's surface conditions: whether measuring point earth's surface allows instrument directly to place, and Ying Yange avoids directly placing instrument
In muddy ground, long meadow, in the soft earth's surface such as soil of liquid infiltration；If it is for example high and steep that measuring point orographic condition can not directly place instrument
Wall, slope etc. should then use the artificial couplings such as sandbag to retainer instrument, should be avoided using plank, foam etc.；
(4) earth's surface and the analysis of underground shallow layer structures: measuring point nearby whether there is building, trees etc., and underground shallow layer is
It is no that there are parking lot, underground pipings etc.；It should be avoided in principle and acquire data in above-mentioned near vicinity；
(5) data acquisition weather condition: should be stopped when wind speed is greater than 5m/s；It avoids carrying out data acquisition in the rain；Gas
As disturbance, it should be avoided and acquire data in hypobaric；
It carries out that on-the-spot record, fill message record sheet need to be carried out when site environment assessment.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to obtain high quality fine motion data, assessment result is reasonable depending on the site environment for need
Setting measurement parameter；
Measurement parameter, which is reasonably arranged, in assessment result depending on the site environment specifically should carry out data acquisition according to specification process,
Specification process includes instrument preparation stage and data acquisition phase；
The instrument preparation stage:
(1) the suitable seismic signal acquisition device of selection parameter: instrument (seismograph) sample rate should be far longer than most
2 times of high target frequency；Minimum effective frequency should be far below minimum target frequency；
(2) instrument uniformity test, the correlation between test equipment, the ginseng such as signal time delay instrument calibration: are carried out
Number, and be corrected；
(3) assessment result determines data acquisition survey line trend and point arrangement depending on the site environment, and in test point
Lay the seven node circle arrays；
Data acquisition phase:
S1 opens equipment: checking whether seismograph electricity is sufficient, whether memory card capacity is sufficient, it is ensured that GPS signal
Stablize, GPS clock is waited to be automatically performed synchronization, indicator light is in flashing state, determines that the connection of Bluetooth module is normal, refers to
Show that the instrument deadline calibrates and starts data acquisition；
The instrumental azimuth S2: according to measuring point arrangement design scheme, each instrument is sequentially arranged in each survey by round array mode
Pilot position, instrument board direct north and practical direct north adjust consistent；
S3 instrument leveling: conditioning instrumentation knob keeps minute bubbles in horizon dial placed in the middle, is adjusted to instrument level and puts, with
Effectively receive micro-tremor signal；
S4 starts to acquire: record measuring point start-stop testing time, single measuring point data acquisition time are no less than 20 minutes, there is weight
Acquisition time can be appropriately extended when passing through in big interference source；
S5 site operation remarks: carrying out test environment record to each test point in test process, to the people around scene
Work activity is recorded, and observes and whether occurs large-scale interference source around hourly observation scene (as oversize vehicle passes through, other
Surface construction machinery etc. will lead to appearance significantly ground surface vibration the case where), (such as pedestrian passes by middle-size and small-size interference source, small vehicle
By, falling object etc.)；It takes pictures to measuring point, records other information on the spot；
S6 instrument real time monitoring: in data acquisition should working state signal lamp to seismograph carry out it is real-time
Monitoring such as finds that signal lamp should do timely processing extremely, makes a record and mends again and surveys the point；
S7 on-site data monitoring: after arranging array instrument (seismograph), turn-on data transmission module, connection number
According to monitoring terminal, data transmission module transfers data to data monitoring terminal by Bluetooth transmission mode, realizes detection data
Real-time transmission, and the data obtained using each array of data monitoring terminal monitoring；Pass through data signal waveforms and scene interference
Source situation analysis judges that the quality of data (is heavily polluted as will lead to data in the presence of large-scale interference source；Middle-size and small-size interference source is deposited
When will lead to data by slight pollution)；The signal segment being disturbed is found in time, is chosen whether according to the contaminated degree of signal
It needs to resurvey.Judge whether data are qualified, the underproof measuring point of data is resurveyed；
By opening a window to field data in time domain, when window width selection needs determined according to signal spectrum, one
As for may be selected 20-50 times of the signal primary period.Signal amplitude when needing to calculate each after window width when determining in window is equal
The average value (LTA, long hourly value) of value (STA, in short-term mean value) and entire data segment, ratio STA/LTA, when having measured each
The signal of ratio excessive (> 3) is usually considered as and interferes in short-term, need to reject the number in the window by the opposite spike degree of window signal section
According to.As shown in figure 4, the interference signal that the signal in blank window as needs to eliminate.
S8 sorting and file: reading and archive including data file, field record filing.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, preliminary phase includes the following steps:
A) it is needing search coverage confirmation exploration point and is laying；
B) drilling depth is determined:
Controlling drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 30m；Such as severely-weathered, full blast within the scope of structure buried depth
Change lithostratigraphy and enters structure base slab or less no less than 15m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stratum preferably enters structure base slab or less 5-8m；
Generality drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 20m；Such as severely-weathered, full blast within the scope of structure buried depth
Change lithostratigraphy and enters structure base slab or less no less than 10m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stratum enters structure base slab or less and is no less than 5m；
C) confirmation of drilling machine vertical shaft orientation, dip correction, safety inspection are carried out in the point of confirmation, rigging up is simultaneously later
It is drilled with determining drilling depth；
D) raw log data are recorded；
E) it is layered and is layered geologic description, and carries out geological record；
F) Preliminary division country rock grade and ground construction work grade.
In a preferred embodiment, include the following steps: as shown in Fig. 2, surveying the stage in detail
A) advanced exploration blind area, i.e. fine motion search coverage are determined according to advanced exploration result, is surveyed in detail in blind area progress fine motion blind to supplement
Area's geological information；
B) needing search coverage by seven seismographs (detection instrument) in seven nodes circle array method shown in Fig. 3
(round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units) are laid；
C) after arranging array instrument, turn-on data transmission module, connect data monitoring terminal, data transmission module with
The data transfer modes such as software radio transfer data to data monitoring terminal, realize detection data real-time transmission, and monitoring is each
The data that a array obtains；
D) then the array is placed 20 minutes, detection instrument is made to obtain sufficient micro-tremor signal；Period to array data and
Human activity around detection scene is recorded, and large-scale interference source whether occurs (as greatly around observation and hourly observation scene
Type vehicle process, other ground construction machinery etc. will lead to appearance significantly ground surface vibration the case where), middle-size and small-size interference source (such as
Pedestrian passes by, small vehicle passes through, falling object etc.)；
E) data that each array of real-time monitoring obtains, are judged by data signal waveforms and spot jamming resource situation analysis
The quality of data (is heavily polluted as will lead to data in the presence of large-scale interference source；It will lead to data in the presence of middle-size and small-size interference source
By slight pollution)；
F) signal segment being disturbed is found in time, is chosen whether to need to resurvey according to the contaminated degree of signal；
G) data process and interpretation is carried out according to acquisition data cases, is surveyed result in detail.
In a preferred embodiment, include the following steps: as shown in figure 4, mending the stage of surveying
A) interpretive analysis surveys the stratigraphic section that the stage obtains in detail, carries out region threat level assessment；
B) high risk zone there may be unfavorable geologic body is determined；
C) with survey in detail phase flow to need to mend survey region carry out fine motion detection；
D) with preliminary phase process to need to mend survey region carry out drillhole validation；
E) fine motion detection result and drill hole sampling result are compared into confirmation, obtains exploration final result.
Drilling combines the method for surveying novelly of fine motion to have following clear superiority compared to conventional method:
(1) what fine motion drilling combined surveys method novelly can obtain continuous high-precision shear wave (S wave) speed in survey area
Section is spent, the range of geology blind area is greatly reduced, gained section geological information is abundant, details announcement is clear, is able to reflect survey
Complicated geological condition within the scope of area instructs subway shield tunnel construction more accurately, reduces construction risk.
(2) fine motion Detection Techniques do not drill, do not excavate, do not drive piles in entire detection process, are one environmentally protective
Technology is surveyed novelly.Fine motion and drilling are combined, on the basis of drilling advanced exploration, surveyed in detail using fine motion, energy
Greatly reduce the number of drilling, to mitigate the destruction to urban pavement and facility, mitigates fugitive dust and noise pollution, utmostly
Influence of the reduction to resident living, while surveying efficiency with also improving, saved engineering funds.
(3) fine motion Detection Techniques itself have that construction is flexible, construction efficiency is high, are not necessarily to man-made explosion, anti-interference energy
The strong feature of power, in terms of the cavity of bad ground, weak band, soft or hard interface prospecting, with higher prospecting accuracy and good
Good adaptability.
(4) the novel detection method of fine motion is combined, large-scale concrete structure, evaluation of subterranean large size concrete structure can be positioningly descended
Effect is tamped in slip casting of the pipeline before shield, avoid shield cut occur in medium-and-large-sized pipeline process because fill it is not firm caused by office
Portion's pipe cavity collapses.And ground intensive building, rich water sandy gravel compound stratum, underground pipe network are intricate etc. a series of asks
Topic.
To sum up, novel Jogging technology is combined with probing, gives full play to two kinds of respective advantages of technological means,
It constructs complete set and efficiently surveys technical system novelly, proposition is being applied in the pilot survey stage using bore detecting technology
Big spacing geological prospecting is carried out within the scope of work, obtains preliminary formation information；In detailed phase of exploration and construct the supplementary investigation stage,
Especially complex site and in the case where having special geologic condition, the scanning probe of high density all standing is carried out first with fine motion,
The continuous stratigraphic section for obtaining entire work area identifies high geology risk zones (point), recycles fine motion to carry out specific aim benefit and surveys simultaneously
Carry out drillhole validation, it is ensured that the accuracy of result.On the one hand new technical system provides richer geologic information, another party
It is verified in face of fine motion detection achievement.Detection accuracy, construction efficiency are improved, and has saved time and economic cost.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, which is characterized in that it includes three phases that method is surveyed on ground: just
It surveys the stage, survey the stage and benefit surveys the stage in detail；
Using round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition units, round 7 node interactive mode fine motion data acquisition is single for fine motion detection
Member includes the array of 7 seismographs composition, wherein 6 seismographs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the same imaginary circles, 1
The center point of imaginary circles is arranged in seismograph.
2. it is according to claim 1 drilling combine fine motion detection subway engineering survey new method, it is characterised in that: from appoint
Meaning direction sees that measuring point spacing is no less than the half of minimal wave length in target frequency bands, to reduce the error of frequency mixing of wave-number domain.
3. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: measuring point
The maximum spacing of spacing takes the maximum wavelength of 5~6 times of target frequency bands.
4. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: target
Maximum wavelength and minimum wavelength and Site characteristic relating to parameters in frequency range need to utilize 30 meters below place average transverse wave speeds
Vs30With self-excited oscillation cycle TGTo determine: λ=0.05 × VS30×TG。
5. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: virtual
Round radius are as follows:
Δxmin=λmin/2
Δxmax=5 λmax~6 λmax
In formula: λmin、λmaxRespectively minimum wavelength and maximum wavelength；
Δxmin、ΔxmaxThe respectively least radius and maximum radius of observation array.
6. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: fine motion
The environmental assessment of data collection site should include following items content:
(1) it surveys area's special case: obtaining and survey area's high precision plane figure and underground utilities distribution map etc., according to landform item inside region
Part and above and below ground construction of structures distribution situation carry out grid dividing, check environment defective region, provide for optimization side line setting
With reference to；
(2) interference source is analyzed: fixed frequency interference source, such as industrial machinery, water pump, generator etc., and Ying Yange is avoided such dry
It disturbs source and nearby carries out data acquisition；Random disturbances source, such as automobile should increase the point data record time to guarantee to have enough
Signal length carry out later period denoising；
(3) survey area's surface conditions: whether measuring point earth's surface allows instrument directly to place, and Ying Yange avoids instrument being directly placed at mud
Ground, long meadow, in the soft earth's surface such as soil of liquid infiltration；If measuring point orographic condition can not directly place instrument such as cliff, tiltedly
Slope etc. should then use the artificial couplings such as sandbag to retainer instrument, should be avoided using plank, foam etc.；
(4) earth's surface and the analysis of underground shallow layer structures: measuring point nearby whether there is building, trees etc., and whether underground shallow layer is deposited
In parking lot, underground piping etc.；It should be avoided in principle and acquire data in above-mentioned near vicinity；
(5) data acquisition weather condition: should be stopped when wind speed is greater than 5m/s；It avoids carrying out data acquisition in the rain；Meteorology is disturbed
It is dynamic, it should be avoided and acquire data in hypobaric；
It carries out that on-the-spot record, fill message record sheet need to be carried out when site environment assessment.
7. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: in order to
High quality fine motion data are obtained, measurement parameter reasonably need to be set assessment result depending on the site environment；
Measurement parameter is reasonably arranged in assessment result depending on the site environment should specifically carry out data acquisition, specification according to specification process
Process includes instrument preparation stage and data acquisition phase；
The instrument preparation stage:
(1) the suitable seismic signal acquisition device of selection parameter: instrument sample rate should be far longer than 2 times of highest goal frequency；
Minimum effective frequency should be far below minimum target frequency；
(2) instrument calibration: carrying out instrument uniformity test, the correlation between test equipment, the parameters such as signal time delay, and
It is corrected；
(3) assessment result determines data acquisition survey line trend and point arrangement depending on the site environment, and lays in test point
The seven node circle arrays；
Data acquisition phase:
S1 opens equipment: checking whether seismograph electricity is sufficient, whether memory card capacity is sufficient, it is ensured that and GPS signal is stablized,
GPS clock is waited to be automatically performed synchronization, indicator light is in flashing state, determines that the connection of Bluetooth module is normal, indicating instrument
Deadline calibrates and starts data acquisition；
The instrumental azimuth S2: according to measuring point arrangement design scheme, each instrument is sequentially arranged in each test point by round array mode
Position, instrument board direct north and practical direct north adjust consistent；
S3 instrument leveling: conditioning instrumentation knob keeps minute bubbles in horizon dial placed in the middle, is adjusted to instrument level and puts, with effective
Receive micro-tremor signal；
S4 starts to acquire: record measuring point start-stop testing time, single measuring point data acquisition time are no less than 20 minutes；
S5 site operation remarks: carrying out test environment record to each test point in test process, to the artificial work around scene
It is dynamic to be recorded, it observes and large-scale interference source, middle-size and small-size interference source whether occurs around hourly observation scene；Measuring point is clapped
According to；
S6 instrument real time monitoring: in data acquisition should the working state signal lamp to seismograph supervised in real time
Control such as finds that signal lamp should do timely processing extremely, makes a record and mends again and surveys the point；
S7 on-site data monitoring: after arranging array instrument, turn-on data transmission module connects data monitoring terminal, data
Transmission module transfers data to data monitoring terminal by Bluetooth transmission mode, realizes detection data real-time transmission, and use
The data that each array of data monitoring terminal monitoring obtains；Number is judged by data signal waveforms and spot jamming resource situation analysis
According to quality；Judge whether data are qualified, the underproof measuring point of data is resurveyed；
S8 sorting and file: reading and archive including data file, field record filing.
8. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, which is characterized in that advanced exploration
Stage includes the following steps:
A) it is needing search coverage confirmation exploration point and is laying；
B) drilling depth is determined:
Controlling drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 30m；Such as severely-weathered, completely decomposed rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stone stratum enters structure base slab or less and is no less than 15m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock stratum within the scope of structure buried depth
Preferably enter structure base slab or less 5-8m；
Generality drills into structure base slab or less and is no less than 20m；Such as severely-weathered, completely decomposed rock within the scope of structure buried depth
Stone stratum enters structure base slab or less and is no less than 10m；Such as medium weathering, slightly weathered rock stratum within the scope of structure buried depth
5m is no less than below into structure base slab；
C) confirmation of drilling machine vertical shaft orientation, dip correction, safety inspection are carried out in the point of confirmation, later rigging up and with true
Fixed drilling depth drills；
D) raw log data are recorded；
E) it is layered and is layered geologic description, and carries out geological record；
F) Preliminary division country rock grade and ground construction work grade.
9. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, it is characterised in that: survey in detail
Stage includes the following steps:
A) advanced exploration blind area, i.e. fine motion search coverage are determined according to advanced exploration result, carries out fine motion in blind area and is surveyed in detail with supplementing blind area
Matter information；
B) search coverage is being needed to lay seven seismographs in seven node circle array methods；
C) after arranging array instrument, turn-on data transmission module connects data monitoring terminal, and data transmission module is by data
It is transmitted to data monitoring terminal, realizes detection data real-time transmission, monitors the data that each array obtains；
D) then the array is placed 20 minutes, detection instrument is made to obtain sufficient micro-tremor signal；Period is to array data and detection
Human activity around live is recorded, and large-scale interference source, middle-size and small-size dry is observed and whether occur around hourly observation scene
Disturb source；
E) data that each array of real-time monitoring obtains, judge data by data signal waveforms and spot jamming resource situation analysis
Quality；
F) signal segment being disturbed is found in time, is chosen whether to need to resurvey according to the contaminated degree of signal；
G) data storage is carried out according to acquisition data cases.
10. drilling according to claim 1 surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection, which is characterized in that mend
The stage of surveying includes the following steps:
A) interpretive analysis surveys the stratigraphic section that the stage obtains in detail, carries out region threat level assessment；
B) high risk zone there may be unfavorable geologic body is determined；
C) with survey in detail phase flow to need to mend survey region carry out fine motion detection；
D) with preliminary phase process to need to mend survey region carry out drillhole validation；
E) fine motion detection result and drill hole sampling result are compared into confirmation, obtains exploration final result.
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