CN110015971A - 一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法 - Google Patents

一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN110015971A
CN110015971A CN201910072614.3A CN201910072614A CN110015971A CN 110015971 A CN110015971 A CN 110015971A CN 201910072614 A CN201910072614 A CN 201910072614A CN 110015971 A CN110015971 A CN 110015971A
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夏远志
陈佳佳
陈建辉
况锦强
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Abstract

本发明提供一种以N,N’‑二烷基酰胺制备α,α‑二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的制备方法,包含以下步骤:S1、将催化剂、取代酰胺、N,N’‑二烷基酰胺及三氟甲磺酸钠、过硫酸钾依次加入干燥的反应容器中得到混合物。S2、将步骤S1中得到的混合物升温反应,反应温度为30~80℃,反应时间为1~24小时,经分离得到所述α,α‑二酰胺基烷烃类化合物。该方法原材料来源广泛,操作方便安全,在化工合成领域有着广阔的应用价值。

Description

一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化工领域,尤其涉及一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法。
背景技术
N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)等N,N’-二烷基酰胺类化合物是常见的化工原料。其用途非常广泛,是优良的有机溶剂和重要的有机合成中间体。由于该类化合物属于较为廉价的大宗化工品,从这些廉价易得的N-烷基酰胺类化合物出发合成高价值的官能团化合物,如C-H键直接的酰胺化反应,将是一种经济、高效的化工品精加工方式。
然而,目前公开的N-烷基酰胺类化合物的C-H官能团方法主要涉及醛基的C-H键或羰基α位的C-H键的修饰,对于氮原子邻位高效专一的sp3C-H键的官能团化反应还没有实现。
α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物是一系列重要生理活性分子的核心骨架,该类分子的高效合成是众多研究人员关注的焦点。但是,已公开的方法中往往需要使用特殊结构的反应物,或者是需要使用过量的有毒害的试剂,因此,已知方法在底物普适性和原子经济性等方面的不足大大地限制了该类化合物的大规模生产和实际应用。基于此,本发明提供了一种N,N’-二烷基酰胺化合物sp3C-H键的直接官能团化方法,温和高效地合成了一系列α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物,本方法操作简单、原料便宜易得、效率高,具有非常高的工业化前景和应用价值。
发明内容
本发明为填补上述领域中的空白,提供了一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法。该方法是由常见的溴化亚铜(CuBr)为催化剂,催化N,N’-二烷基酰胺sp3C-H键的直接酰胺化反应,从而高效率、高选择性地得到α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物。
一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法。N,N’-二烷基酰胺结构式为α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的结构式为:制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将催化剂、取代酰胺、N,N’-二烷基酰胺及三氟甲磺酸钠、过硫酸钾依次加入干燥的反应容器中得到混合物。
S2:将步骤S1中得到的混合物升温反应,反应温度为30~80℃,反应时间为1~24小时,经分离得到所述α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物。
其中,取代酰胺的结构式为其中R1和R2为氢、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基和以及取代的苯基中的一种,所述取代的苯基为取代基数量为1~5个且取代基为C1~C6的烃基、烃氧基或卤原子的苯基;R3为取代基为所述取代的苯基、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基或烃氧基中的一种,R4为苯基或所述取代的苯基、苄基、萘基或含N、O或S的杂芳基中的一种;R5为氢、C1~C10的烃基和烃氧基中的一种。
优选的,所述C1~C10的烃基包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环戊基、正己基、环己基中的一种。
优选的,步骤S2中,所述分离方法包括有重结晶、薄层层析、柱层析或者减压蒸馏中的一种或其组合。
优选的,步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.3:0.25~1.5:1~6。
优选的,步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.3:0.25~1.5:1-6。
优选的,步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.1:0.5:3。
优选的,所述N,N’-二烷基酰胺为液态物质,所述取代酰胺在N,N’-二烷基酰胺溶剂中的浓度为0.2-2mol/L。
优选的,步骤S2中,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为16小时。
本发明方法提供了一种N,N’-二烷基酰胺sp3C-H键的直接酰胺化反应,高效地合成了α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物。与现有方法相比,该方法实现了工业上简单廉价的化工原料N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)等烷基酰胺的sp3C-H键的酰胺化,反应条件温和,底物适用范围广,操作简便,产物α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物难以使用常见的方法合成得到,是一种高效简便的化工原料精加工方式,在工业上有非常巨大的应用前景。
以下结合附图对本发明进行更进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备方法流程示意图;
具体实施方式
下面,通过示例性的实施方式对本发明具体描述。然而应当理解,在没有进一步叙述的情况下,一个实施方式中的特征也可以有益地结合到其他实施方式中。以下,N,N’-二烷基酰胺结构式为α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的分子的通式是:取代酰胺的结构式为其中R1和R2为氢、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基和烃氧基以及取代的苯基中的一种,所述取代的苯基为取代基数量为1~5个且取代基为C1~C6的烃基、烃氧基或卤原子的苯基;R3为取代基为所述取代的苯基、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基中的一种;R4为苯基或所述取代的苯基、苄基、萘基或含N、O或S的杂芳基中的一种;R5为氢、C1~C10的烃基和烃氧基中的一种。
制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将催化剂、取代酰胺、液态N,N’-二烷基酰胺及三氟甲磺酸钠(CF3SO2Na)、过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)依次加入干燥的反应容器中得到混合物。
S2:将步骤S1中得到的混合物升温反应,反应温度为30~80℃,反应时间为1~24小时,经分离得到所述α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物。反应过程表达式为:
所述的取代酰胺在N,N’-二烷基酰胺溶剂中的浓度为0.01-10mol/L。进一步推荐的浓度为0.05-2mol/L;尤其推荐浓度为0.2mol/L;
所述的取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.01~0.3:0.05~1.5:0.3~9。进一步推荐的取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.3:0.25~1.5:1~6。尤其推荐取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.1:0.5:3;
反应温度推荐为0℃~100℃,进一步推荐30℃~80℃,尤其推荐50℃;
反应时间推荐为10分钟~48小时,进一步推荐1~24小时,尤其推荐16小时。
所述C1~C10的烃基包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环戊基、正己基、环己基中的一种。
步骤S2中,所述分离方法包括有重结晶、薄层层析、柱层析或者减压蒸馏中的一种或其组合。
以下提供实施例1至实施例20,用以阐述该种制备方法中的N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺sp3C-H键的酰胺化反应。
实施例1:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)-甲基苯甲酰胺:
白色固体,熔点为70-72℃,产率为96%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.27(s,0.49H),8.01(s.0.49H)],7.81(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),[7.71(t,J=5.0Hz,0.47H),7.56(t,J=5.0Hz,0.47H)],7.53-7.47(m,1H),7.45-7.38(m,2H),[4.95(d,J=7.0Hz,1.03H),4.91(d,J=6.0Hz,1.04H)],[3.10(s,1.53H),2.89(s,1.50H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=168.2,168.0,163.7,163.5,133.31,133.28,132.1,132.0,128.59,128.58,127.2,127.1,54.4,49.1,34.8,28.8.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C10H13N2O2[M+H]+:193.0977.Found:193.0972。
实施例2:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为乙氧基苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-邻乙氧基苯甲酰胺。
白色固体,熔点为74-75℃,产率为90%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.80-8.67(br,0.46H),8.53-8.40(br,0.50H)],[8.33(s,0.53H),8.04(s,0.48H)],8.15(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47-7.38(m,1H),7.10-7.00(m,1H),6.94(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),[4.96(d,J=6.5Hz,1.00H),4.91(d,J=6.5Hz,1.09H)],4.24-4.11(m,2H),[3.10(s,1.51H),2.92(s,1.56H)],1.55-1.42(m,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=166.2,166.0,163.5,163.1,157.2,156.9,133.4,133.2,132.3,132.2,121.4,121.1,120.8,120.6,112.40,112.38,64.84,64.77,54.1,48.8,34.8,28.8,14.8,14.7.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H17N2O3[M+H]+:237.1239.Found:237.1234。
实施例3:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲基苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-间甲基苯甲酰胺
无色液体,产率为90%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.28(s,0.50H),8.03(s,0.47H)],[7.72(t,J=5.5Hz,0.49H),7.53(t,J=5.5Hz,0.46H)],7.65(s,1H),7.60(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),7.35-7.26(m,2H),[4.96(d,J=7.0Hz,0.97H),4.92(d,J=6.0Hz,1.07H)],[3.11(s,1.46H),2.90(s,1.51H)],[2.38(s,1.40H),2.36(s,1.55H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=168.3,168.2,163.7,163.5,138.5,138.4,133.3,132.74,132.69,128.44,128.42,127.9,127.8,124.12,124.06,54.4,49.0,34.8,28.8,21.2.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H15N2O2[M+H]+:207.1134.Found:207.1128。
实施例4:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲基苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-对甲基苯甲酰胺
白色固体,熔点为89-92℃,产率为91%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.26(s,0.50H),8.01(s,0.48H)],7.71(t,J=6.3Hz,2H),[7.63-7.54(br,0.49H),7.46-7.37(br,0.47H)],7.21(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),[4.94(d,J=6.0Hz,0.99H),4.90(d,J=5.5Hz,1.05H)],[3.09(s,1.48H),2.89(s,1.51H)],2.37(s,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=168.1,167.9,163.7,163.5,142.6,142.5,130.54,130.51,129.2,127.2,54.4,49.1,34.8,28.8,21.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H15N2O2[M+H]+:207.1134.Found:207.1128。
实施例5:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲氧基苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-苯甲酰胺。
白色固体,熔点为112-113℃,产率为90%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.25(s,0.51H),8.01(s,0.49H)],7.78(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),[7.64-7.54(br,0.51H),7.46-7.37(br,0.46H)],6.89(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),[4.93(d,J=6.0Hz,1.00H),4.89(d,J=6.0Hz,1.07H)],3.82(s,3H),[3.08(s,1.49H),2.88(s,1.52H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=167.6,167.5,163.7,163.5,162.63,162.59,129.1,125.61,125.57,113.8,55.3,54.4,49.1,34.8,28.8.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H15N2O3[M+H]+:223.1083.Found:223.1077。
实施例6:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为碘苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-邻碘苯甲酰胺。
无色液体,产率为75%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.28(s,0.44H),8.04(s,0.56H)],7.87(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.43-7.33(m,2H),7.12(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.88-6.73(m,1H),4.97-4.86(m,2H),[3.19(s,1.71H),2.99(s,1.31H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.1,169.8,163.8,163.2,141.15,141.10,140.03,140.02,131.6,131.5,128.3,128.2,128.1,92.3,92.0,54.3,49.1,35.1,29.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C10H12IN2O2[M+H]+:318.9943.Found:318.9938。
实施例7:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为溴苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-对溴苯甲酰胺
白色固体,熔点为130-131℃,产率为95%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.24(s,0.46H),8.01(s,0.53H)],7.84-7.77(br,0.46H),7.77-7.65(m,2.57H)],7.58-7.49(m,2H),4.97-4.85(m,2H),[3.10(s,1.61H),2.89(s,1.41H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=167.3,167.0,163.7,163.6,132.2,132.1,131.84,131.81,128.9,128.8,126.9,126.7,54.6,49.2,34.9,28.9.HR-MS(ESI)calcd forC10H12BrN2O2[M+H]+:271.0082.Found:271.0077。
实施例8:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为4-甲基-1-溴苯基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-2-溴-5-甲基苯甲酰胺。
白色固体,熔点为137-138℃,产率为90%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.24(s,0.49H),8.00(s,0.47H)],7.43(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),[7.18-7.11(br,0.46H),7.02-6.92(br,0.45H)],7.08(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),[4.92(d,J=6.5Hz,1.00H),4.86(d,J=6.0Hz,1.04H)],[3.14(s,1.49H),2.94(s,1.50H)],2.31(s,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=168.6,168.3,163.6,163.2,137.8,137.7,136.6,136.5,133.15,133.11,132.5,132.4,130.1,129.8,115.7,115.5,54.2,48.8,34.8,29.1,20.7.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H14BrN2O2[M+H]+:285.0239.Found:285.0233。
实施例9:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为萘基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-1-萘甲酰胺
白色固体,熔点为123-124℃,产率为89%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.25(d,J=8.0Hz,0.48H),8.18(d,J=8.0Hz,0.52H)],[8.21(s,0.50H),7.95(s,0.50H)],7.92-7.79(m,2H),7.57-7.45(m,3H),7.44-7.28(m,1.53H),7.17-7.07(br,0.45H),[4.93(d,J=6.0Hz,1.00H),4.83(d,J=6.5Hz,1.06H)],[3.12(s,1.51H),2.86(s,1.55H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.2,170.1,163.6,163.2,133.7,133.6,133.1,133.0,131.2,131.1,130.0,129.9,128.4,128.3,127.3,127.2,126.5,126.4,125.2,125.1,125.0,124.55,124.47,54.1,49.1,34.8,28.8.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C14H15N2O2[M+H]+:243.1134.Found:243.1128。
实施例10:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为砒啶基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-2-吡啶甲酰胺。
无色液体,产率为89%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.74-8.48(m,2H),[8.35(s,0.59H),8.06(s,0.41H)],8.17(t,J=6.3Hz,1.00H),7.90-7.79(m,1H),7.49-7.40(m,1H),[5.02(d,J=7.0Hz,0.85H),4.94(d,J=6.5Hz,1.21H)],[3.07(s,1.27H),2.92(s,1.76H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=165.3,165.0,163.5,163.0,149.1,148.9,148.3,148.2,137.5,137.3,126.8,126.5,122.5,122.4,53.9,48.3,34.3,28.8.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C9H13N3O2[M+H]+:194.0930.Found:194.0924。
实施例11:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为噻吩基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-2-噻吩甲酰胺
白色固体,熔点为95-97℃,产率为82%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.25(s,0.49H),8.03(s,0.51H)],7.79-7.69(br,0.49H),7.67-7.56(m,1.52H),7.53-7.45(m,1H),7.11-7.01(m,1H),4.97-4.83(m,2H),[3.09(s,1.57H),2.91(s,1.53H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=163.69,163.66,162.8,162.5,138.1,138.0,131.0,130.9,128.9,128.8,127.79,127.76,54.4,48.9,34.8,28.9.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C8H11N2O2S[M+H]+:199.0541.Found:199.0536。
实施例12:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为溴苯基甲基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-邻溴苯乙酰胺
白色固体,熔点为103-104℃,产率为88%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.14(s,0.51H),7.94(s,0.46H)],7.62-7.54(m,1H),7.37-7.25(m,2H),7.22-7.12(m,1H),6.71-6.53(m,1H),[4.77-4.70(m,0.97H),4.70-4.62(m,1.04H)],3.71(s 2H),[3.01(s,1.44H),2.82(s,1.52H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.6,170.4,163.4,163.1,134.26,134.19,133.09,133.06,131.7,129.3,129.2,128.0,127.9,124.90,124.86,54.0,48.6,43.7,43.6,34.6,28.7.HR-MS(ESI)calcdfor C11H14BrN2O2[M+H]+:285.0239.Found:285.0233。
实施例13:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲基苯磺酰基,R3为H。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-对甲基苯磺酰胺
白色固体,熔点为140-141℃,产率为86%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.05(s,0.54H),7.93(s,0.48H)],7.75(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),[6.15-6.07(br,0.50H),6.00-5.92(br,0.45H)],4.59-4.50(m,2H),[2.95(s,1.48H),2.65(s,1.64H)],2.43(s,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=163.7,162.5,144.0,143.8,137.9,137.8,129.9,129.8,126.71,126.66,58.2,53.3,33.9,28.3,21.5.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C10H15N2O3S[M+H]+:243.0803.Found:243.0798。
实施例14:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为苯基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基苯甲酰胺。
无色液体,产率为87%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.22(s,0.70H),8.14(s,0.28H)],7.70(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.52-7.45(m,1H),7.45-7.37(m,2H),[5.37(s,0.60H),5.13(s,1.49H)],[3.57(s,0.89H),3.52(s,2.21H)],[3.00(s,0.90H),2.97(s,2.21H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.7,170.3,163.7,163.3,133.1,132.9,131.4,131.1,128.3,128.2,128.1,62.8,62.0,60.4,33.4,29.5.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H15N2O3[M+H]+:223.1083.Found:223.1077。
实施例15:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲基苯基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基-对甲基苯甲酰胺。
白色固体,产率为88%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(300.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.23(s,0.71H),8.16(s,0.29H)],7.65(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),[5.38(s,0.60H),5.14(s,1.45H)],[3.60(s,0.89H),3.55(s,2.25H)],[3.01(s,0.89H),2.98(s,2.24H)],2.41(s,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.6,170.3,163.6,163.3,142.0,141.7,130.1,129.9,128.9,128.7,128.53,128.47,62.8,62.0,60.6,33.4,29.5,21.5,21.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H17N2O3[M+H]+:237.1239.Found:237.1234。
实施例16:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为甲氧基苯基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基-对甲氧基苯甲酰胺。
白色固体,产率为82%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(300.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.21(s,0.72H),8.14(s,0.27H)],7.79-7.73(m,2H),6.93-6.87(m,2H),[5.36(s,0.57H),5.13(s,1.48H)],3.84(s,3H),[3.59(s,0.83H),3.53(s,2.26H)],[2.98(s,0.83H),2.95(s,2.28H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.8,169.5,163.6,163.3,162.2,162.0,130.84,130.78,124.9,124.7,113.5,113.3,62.7,61.9,60.5,55.30,55.28,52.6,33.4,29.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H17N2O4[M+H]+:253.1188.Found:253.1183。
实施例17:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为苯基,R3为乙氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-乙氧基苯甲酰胺。
无色液体,产率为87%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.21(s,0.73H),8.15(s,0.27H)],7.71(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.51-7.44(m,1H),7.44-7.36(m,2H),[5.37(s,0.56H),5.14(s,1.50H)],[3.80(q,J=7.0Hz,0.57H),3.70(q,J=7.0Hz,1.53H)],[3.00(s,0.85H),2.97(s,2.26H)],1.05-0.94(m,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.8,170.5,163.6,163.3,133.3,133.1,131.3,131.0,128.4,128.3,128.1,127.9,71.3,70.4,60.8,33.4,29.5,13.2,13.1.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H17N2O3[M+H]+:237.1239.Found:237.1234。
实施例18:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为苯基甲基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基苯乙酰胺。
无色液体,产率为96%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.21-8.16(m,0.68H),8.11-8.06(m,0.33H)],7.38-7.22(m,5H),[5.23(s,0.70H),5.00(s,1.42H)],3.81(t,J=4.0Hz,2H),3.71-3.64(m,3H),2.87-2.77(m,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=174.0,173.5,163.6,163.2,134.2,133.8,129.3,129.2,128.6,128.5,127.1,126.9,62.8,62.1,58.9,39.5,39.4,33.2,29.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H17N2O3[M+H]+:237.1239.Found:237.1234。
实施例19:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为呋喃基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基-2呋喃甲酰胺。
无色液体,产率为89%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.24(s,0.68H),8.13(s,0.33H)],7.62(s,1H),7.24-7.18(m,1H),6.56-6.50(m,1H),[5.37(s,0.71H),5.15(s,1.45H)],[3.80(s,1.06H),3.78(s,2.12H)],2.97-2.88(m,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=163.8,163.3,159.8,159.7,146.2,146.0,144.9,119.0,118.6,111.9,111.8,63.1,62.3,60.1,52.0,33.5,29.6.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C9H13N2O4[M+H]+:213.0875.Found:213.0870
实施例20:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为呋喃基,R3为甲氧基。柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基甲酰胺基)甲基-N-甲氧基-2-噻吩甲酰胺
无色液体,产率为86%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=[8.26(s,0.68H),8.14(s,0.39H)],8.03-7.97(m,1H),7.65-7.57(m,1H),7.16-7.09(m,1H),[5.41(s,0.78H),5.18(s,1.40H)],[3.83(s,1.18H),3.80(s,2.05H)],2.98-2.89(m,3H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=163.7,163.3,163.1,135.5,135.3,133.6,133.3,132.2,127.2,127.0,63.2,62.5,60.0,51.9,33.4,29.6.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C9H13N2O3S[M+H]+:229.0647.Found:229.0641。
以下提供实施例21,用以阐述该种制备方法中的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的sp3C-H键酰胺化反应
实施例21:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入溴化亚铜(0.02mmol),取代酰胺(0.2mmol),N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)(1mL),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾,随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中R2为苯基,柱层析分离得到产物:
N-(N-甲基乙酰胺基)甲基-苯甲酰胺
无色液体,产率为88%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.80(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.59-7.46(m,2H),7.41(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),[5.01(d,J=5.5Hz,0.22H),4.93(d,J=6.5Hz,1.86H)],[3.20(s,2.72H),2.98(s,0.34H)],[2.28(s,0.35H),2.06(s,2.75H)].13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=172.5,168.0,133.6,132.0,131.8,128.6,128.5,127.2,127.1,55.5,52.9,37.1,32.5,21.7,21.4.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C11H15N2O2[M+H]+:207.1134.Found:207.1128。
以下提供实施例22,用以阐述该种制备方法中的N-甲基吡咯烷酮的sp3C-H键酰胺化反应。
实施例22:
室温,空气氛下,在一干燥的反应试管中依次加入0.02mmol溴化亚铜,0.2mmol取代酰胺,1mL N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP),0.1mmol三氟甲磺酸钠和0.6mmol过硫酸钾。随后升温至50℃反应16小时,反应过程为:
其中,R2为苯基柱层析分离得到产物:
1-甲基-5-苯甲酰胺基-2-吡咯烷酮。
无色液体,产率为84%,检测结果如下:
1H-NMR(500.1MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.90(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.54(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.46(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.34-7.28(m,1H),5.93-5.84(m,1H),2.84(s,3H),2.59-2.48(m,2H),2.45-2.35(m,1H),2.00-1.90(m,1H).13C-NMR(125.8MHz,CDCl3)δ=174.5,167.4,133.3,132.1,128.6,127.2,65.9,29.2,27.3,26.0.HR-MS(ESI)calcd for C12H15N2O2[M+H]+:219.1134.Found:219.1128。
以上具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (8)

1.一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法,其特征在于,所述N,N’-二烷基酰胺结构式为所述α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的结构式为:制备方法包含以下步骤:
S1:将催化剂、取代酰胺、N,N’-二烷基酰胺及三氟甲磺酸钠、过硫酸钾依次加入干燥的反应容器中得到混合物;
S2:将步骤S1中得到的混合物升温反应,反应温度为30~80℃,反应时间为1~24小时,经分离得到所述α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物;
所述取代酰胺的结构式为其中R1和R2为氢、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基和取代的苯基中的一种,所述取代的苯基为取代基数量为1~5个且取代基为C1~C6的烃基、烃氧基或卤原子的苯基;R3为所述取代的苯基、C1~C10的烃基、苯基、苄基、萘基、含N、O或S的杂芳基或烃氧基中的一种,R4为苯基或所述取代的苯基、苄基、萘基或含N、O或S的杂芳基中的一种;R5为氢、C1~C10的烃基或烃氧基中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述C1~C10的烃基包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、环戊基、正己基、环己基中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2任一所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,所述分离方法包括有重结晶、薄层层析、柱层析或者减压蒸馏中的一种或其组合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.3:0.25~1.5:1~6。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.05~0.3:0.25~1.5:1-6。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,所述催化剂为溴化亚铜,所述取代酰胺、溴化亚铜、三氟甲磺酸钠和过硫酸钾的摩尔比为1:0.1:0.5:3。
7.根据权利要求4~6中任一所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述N,N’-二烷基酰胺为液态,所述取代酰胺在N,N’-二烷基酰胺溶剂中的浓度为0.2~2mol/L。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种以N,N’-二烷基酰胺制备α,α-二酰胺基烷烃类化合物的方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为16小时。
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