CN110006384B - Shield tunneling machine cutter head abrasion online measurement method - Google Patents
Shield tunneling machine cutter head abrasion online measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110006384B CN110006384B CN201910314471.2A CN201910314471A CN110006384B CN 110006384 B CN110006384 B CN 110006384B CN 201910314471 A CN201910314471 A CN 201910314471A CN 110006384 B CN110006384 B CN 110006384B
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- cutter
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- telescopic rod
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an on-line measuring method for wear of a cutter head of a shield machine, which can realize on-line measurement by utilizing foam holes on the cutter head of the existing shield machine and through a hydraulic oil cylinder, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, reduce pressure construction of personnel, has simple measuring device, is convenient to master the wear amount of a cutter at any time and avoids delay of construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a cutter head abrasion measuring method, and particularly relates to a shield machine cutter head abrasion on-line measuring method.
Background
With the wide use of shield tunneling machines in China and the continuous extension of the tunnel length of single tunneling, cutter abrasion becomes a key problem affecting the quality and progress of the project. The cutter head is used as an important part of the shield machine, the service condition of the cutter is checked and maintained regularly and accurately mastered, and the method has important significance. The earth pressure balance shield method is a common shield method at present, in order to detect the abrasion condition of a cutter head and a cutter, under the condition, cutter head inspection and tool maintenance are carried out under a pressurization condition, operation under pressure is often needed, the process is extremely troublesome and dangerous, and a non-pressure operation mode is adopted, so that the process is very complicated, a large amount of time is spent, and the construction period is delayed.
In order to avoid the trouble of manual detection, currently, the method for monitoring the wear condition of the cutter in real time mainly includes: 1) hydraulic, when the tool is worn to the limit, hydraulic oil leaks, and a PLC automatically gives an alarm; 2) in the electromagnetic type, when the cutter is worn to the limit, a probe embedded in the cutter contacts the stratum, an electromagnetic circuit is disconnected, a receiver cannot receive an electromagnetic signal, and an alarm is started; 3) the ultrasonic type can monitor the abrasion loss of the cutter in real time and can master the abrasion condition of the cutter at any time. At that time, because the working environment of the shield machine is very severe, once the detection fails, a large amount of time is spent by adopting a manual detection mode, and the construction period is delayed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-line measuring method for cutter head abrasion of a shield machine, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention provides an on-line measuring method for wear of a cutter head of a shield tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that an online cutter disc abrasion measuring device is installed, the online cutter disc abrasion measuring device comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder and an oil pump, the oil pump is used for providing hydraulic oil for the hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a shell and a telescopic rod, a displacement sensor is arranged at the rear end of the shell, a flange is arranged at the front end of the shell, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the oil pump and used for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic oil output by the oil pump and used for detecting the displacement of the telescopic rod; the online cutter head wear measuring device further comprises a display device (not shown in the figure), the display device is used for displaying real-time data detected by the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and in an initial state, namely in a state that the telescopic rod is not extended, the end part of the telescopic rod is flush with the outer side of the flange, and at the moment, the display device displays that the numerical value of the displacement sensor is 0;
B. preparing on-line measurement, uniformly distributing a plurality of foam holes on a cutter head, measuring the thickness L1 of the cutter head at the foam hole on one side of the cutter head far away from an excavated soil body when the shield tunneling machine stops working, placing a cutter head abrasion on-line measurement device vertical to the cutter head, aligning a telescopic rod to the foam holes, and abutting flanges of the measurement device to the inner sides of the foam holes;
C. on-line measurement, a hydraulic oil cylinder is started to extend the telescopic rod out along the direction of a foam hole, the pressure detected by a pressure sensor is recorded in real time, before the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is approximately constant pressure with small fluctuation or pressure with stable change, when the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor can be changed violently, the value of a displacement sensor at the moment is recorded as L2, and the cutter length of the cutter head is L = L2-L1;
D. and D, obtaining the abrasion loss of the cutter disc, repeating the steps B-C, measuring the cutter lengths of the cutter discs corresponding to the foam holes, obtaining an average value, namely the length of the cutter at the moment, and comparing the initial length of the cutter to obtain the abrasion loss of the cutter disc at the moment.
Preferably, the diameter of the telescoping rods is less than the diameter of the foam cells.
Preferably, in step C, the extension speed of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled so that the time from the start of the hydraulic cylinder to the contact with the excavated soil body is 3-5 minutes, thereby facilitating the pressure sensor to generate pressure change.
Preferably, in the step D, an even number of foam holes are selected for measurement, the even number of foam holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the average value is obtained through the measurement results of the even number of foam holes, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
Preferably, a check valve is further connected in series on a pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic oil cylinder to prevent backflow of oil, and a safety valve is further connected in parallel on the pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic oil cylinder to protect a hydraulic system.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes the foam holes on the cutter head of the existing shield machine, can realize on-line measurement through the hydraulic oil cylinder, the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, reduces the pressure construction of personnel, has simple measuring device, is convenient to master the abrasion loss of the cutter at any time, and avoids the delay of the construction period.
2. The invention utilizes the pressure sensor to detect the pressure change, realizes displacement measurement through the pressure change of the pressure sensor, is convenient to detect, ensures that the time from the start of the hydraulic oil cylinder to the contact with the excavated soil body is 3-5 minutes by controlling the extension speed of the oil cylinder, ensures enough time to ensure that the pressure sensor can generate the pressure change conveniently, and ensures the accuracy of the measurement result.
3. And an even number of foam holes are selected for measurement, the even number of foam holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the average value is calculated according to the measurement results of the even number of foam holes, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
4. The flange is arranged at the front end part of the shell of the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder is convenient to position during testing, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the cutterhead configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a side view of the cutter head of the present invention in schematic configuration;
fig. 2B is an enlarged partial view of a foam hole in a side view of a cutter head according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are respectively: 1-foam hole, 2-telescopic rod, 3-flange, 6-shell and 7-cutter head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a cutterhead is shown, in order to improve the performance of excavating soil, a plurality of foam holes 1 are uniformly distributed on the cutterhead 7, specifically, 6 foam holes are arranged in the embodiment, and the leading knives on the cutterhead are also uniformly distributed on the periphery of the cutterhead.
The invention provides an on-line measuring method for wear of a cutter head of a shield tunneling machine, which comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that an online cutter disc abrasion measuring device is installed, the online cutter disc abrasion measuring device comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder and an oil pump, the oil pump is used for providing hydraulic oil for the hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a shell 6 and a telescopic rod 2, a displacement sensor is arranged at the rear end of the shell, a flange is arranged at the front end of the shell, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the oil pump and used for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic oil output by the oil pump and the displacement sensor is used for detecting the displacement of the telescopic rod; the online cutter head wear measuring device further comprises a display device (not shown in the figure), the display device is used for displaying real-time data detected by the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and in an initial state, namely in a state that the telescopic rod is not extended, the end part of the telescopic rod is flush with the outer side of the flange, and at the moment, the display device displays that the numerical value of the displacement sensor is 0;
B. preparing on-line measurement, uniformly distributing a plurality of foam holes on a cutter head, measuring the thickness L1 of the cutter head at the foam hole on one side of the cutter head far away from an excavated soil body when the shield tunneling machine stops working, placing a cutter head abrasion on-line measurement device vertical to the cutter head, aligning a telescopic rod to the foam holes, and butting the flange of the measurement device to the inner sides of the foam holes, such as the position shown in figure 2;
C. on-line measurement, a hydraulic oil cylinder is started to extend the telescopic rod out along the direction of a foam hole, the pressure detected by a pressure sensor is recorded in real time, before the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is approximately constant pressure with small fluctuation or pressure with stable change, when the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor can be changed violently, the value of a displacement sensor at the moment is recorded as L2, and the cutter length of the cutter head is L = L2-L1;
D. and D, obtaining the abrasion loss of the cutter disc, repeating the steps B-C, measuring the cutter lengths of the cutter discs corresponding to the foam holes, obtaining an average value, namely the length of the cutter at the moment, and comparing the initial length of the cutter to obtain the abrasion loss of the cutter disc at the moment.
Wherein the diameter of the telescopic rod is smaller than that of the foam hole.
And in the step C, the extension speed of the oil cylinder is controlled, so that the time from starting of the hydraulic oil cylinder to contacting with the excavated soil body is 3-5 minutes, and the pressure sensor can generate pressure change conveniently.
In the step D, preferably, two foam holes are selected for measurement, the two foam holes are spaced by 180 ° in the circumferential direction, and the average value is obtained according to the measurement results of the two foam holes, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
In addition, a one-way valve is connected in series on a pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic oil cylinder to prevent oil from flowing backwards, and a safety valve is connected in parallel on the pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic oil cylinder to protect a hydraulic system.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A shield tunneling machine cutter head abrasion on-line measuring method comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that an online cutter disc abrasion measuring device is installed, the online cutter disc abrasion measuring device comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder and an oil pump, the oil pump is used for providing hydraulic oil for the hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a shell and a telescopic rod, a displacement sensor is arranged at the rear end of the shell, a flange is arranged at the front end of the shell, and a pressure sensor is arranged on the oil pump and used for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic oil output by the oil pump and used for detecting the displacement of the telescopic rod; the online measuring device for the cutter head abrasion further comprises a display device, the display device is used for displaying real-time data detected by the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, and in an initial state, namely in a state that the telescopic rod is not extended, the end part of the telescopic rod is flush with the outer side of the flange, and at the moment, the display device displays that the numerical value of the displacement sensor is 0;
B. preparing on-line measurement, uniformly distributing a plurality of foam holes on a cutter head, measuring the thickness L1 of the cutter head at the foam hole on one side of the cutter head far away from an excavated soil body when the shield tunneling machine stops working, placing a cutter head abrasion on-line measurement device vertical to the cutter head, aligning a telescopic rod to the foam holes, and abutting flanges of the measurement device to the inner sides of the foam holes;
C. on-line measurement, a hydraulic oil cylinder is started to extend the telescopic rod out along the direction of a foam hole, the pressure detected by a pressure sensor is recorded in real time, before the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is approximately constant pressure with small fluctuation or pressure with stable change, when the telescopic rod contacts the excavated soil body, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor can be changed violently, the value of a displacement sensor at the moment is recorded as L2, and the cutter length of the cutter head is L = L2-L1;
D. and D, obtaining the abrasion loss of the cutter disc, repeating the steps B-C, measuring the cutter lengths of the cutter discs corresponding to the foam holes, obtaining an average value, namely the length of the cutter at the moment, and comparing the initial length of the cutter to obtain the abrasion loss of the cutter disc at the moment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the telescoping rods is less than the diameter of the foam cells.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein in step C the extension rate of the ram is controlled such that the time from activation of the ram to contact with the excavated earth is 3 to 5 minutes.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step D, an even number of foam cells are selected for measurement, the even number of foam cells are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the average value is determined from the measurement results of the even number of foam cells.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a check valve is connected in series to the pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic cylinder, and a safety valve is connected in parallel to the pipeline from the oil pump to the hydraulic cylinder.
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| CN201910314471.2A CN110006384B (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | Shield tunneling machine cutter head abrasion online measurement method |
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| CN201910314471.2A CN110006384B (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | Shield tunneling machine cutter head abrasion online measurement method |
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