Shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus and measuring method
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel equipment technical field, and in particular to a kind of shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus and
Measuring method.
Background technology
Shield machine and TBM (complete-section tunnel boring machine) are widely used in railway as important constructing tunnel equipment
In the engineerings such as tunnel, city rail.Disk cutter in shield machine and TBM is used as the critical component of fractured rock, its building ring
Border is severe, and the abrasion of cutter is inevitable.Need constantly to detect the abrasion condition of hobboing cutter in work progress, it is accurate comprehensive
Hob abrasion amount is obtained, could rationally determine to change node.As hob abrasion is not changed and cutter can be caused to waste seriously and in advance;
Hobboing cutter is changed can then cause that adjacent cutter stress is excessive, unstable wear not in time.
To the conventional method that hob abrasion situation is detected measured using measuring scale, this measuring method is random
Greatly, accuracy is low, and general only measurement abrasion size maximum, it is impossible to effectively grasp the comprehensive information in abrasion section;Hobboing cutter
Line Measurement Technique cost it is high, need to transform cutterhead, reliability is not enough, many in the development test stage.Therefore urgently
Need a kind of measurement hob abrasion amount size accurate on the premise of knife disc tool structure is not changed and judge the measurement of wear type
Device and measuring method.
The content of the invention
Can be on the premise of knife disc tool structure not be changed accurately the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind
Measurement hob abrasion amount size and the shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus and measuring method for judging wear type.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus, including support body, fastening assembly and traverse measurement component are designed,
The support body includes crossbeam, is separately positioned on the crossbeam two ends and the fixation pole being connected with the beam vertical
With adjustable pole, track is provided with the vertical direction of the adjustable pole;
The fastening assembly includes movable supporting legs and is arranged on the fastening bolt of the movable supporting legs lower end, the activity branch
The upper end of leg is slidably mounted in the track, is additionally provided with the track for adjusting and fixing the movable supporting legs position
The caging bolt put;
The traverse measurement component includes measurement head, the horizontal guide rail being arranged on the crossbeam, is arranged on the level
The upright guide rail that cross sliding clock and the cross sliding clock in guide rail are fixed together, and be arranged in the upright guide rail
Upright slide block, the upper end of the measurement head is fixedly installed togather with the upright slide block.
It is preferred that, the measurement apparatus also includes data acquisition components, and the data acquisition components include passing with the displacement
The single-chip microcomputer of sensor correspondence connection, in addition to radio communications transmitter and wireless communication receiver, the radio communications transmitter
Connection corresponding with the single-chip microcomputer, the wireless communication receiver is communicated with data terminal.
It is preferred that, between the radio communications transmitter and wireless communication receiver using ZigBee, bluetooth, WiFi or
LiFi carries out radio communication.
It is preferred that, institute's displacement sensors are stay-supported fiber bragg grating sensor or LVDT displacement transducers.
It is preferred that, the measurement head is the cylindrical rod that lower end is taper.
It is preferred that, it is to be threadedly coupled between the upper end of the measurement head and the upright slide block.
It is preferred that, the distance between the fixed pole and adjustable pole are more than the width of shield to be measured/TBM hob step surface
Degree.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the support body of measurement apparatus is similar to inverted concave, and fixed pole is used for treating
The step surface for surveying hobboing cutter is engaged, and adjustable pole is engaged with movable supporting legs, makes the height adjustable of movable supporting legs, is measuring
When can according to specific specification of equipment adjust movable supporting legs height, make movable supporting legs lower end and hobboing cutter baffle ring tangent, then twist
Tightly fixing bolt, you can realize the positioning and clamping between measurement apparatus and hobboing cutter.The upper end of measurement head is fixed with upright slide block
It is installed together, upright slide block can be moved up and down along upright guide rail, controls the upper-lower position of measurement head;Upright guide rail is with being arranged on
Cross sliding clock in horizontal guide rail is fixed together, when cross sliding clock is moved along horizontal guide rail, drives the level of upright guide rail
It is mobile, that is, drive moving horizontally for measurement head, such measurement head can with being moved along the profile of hobboing cutter, with hobboing cutter not
With position contact, displacement transducer is provided with the end of horizontal guide rail and upright guide rail, the athletic meeting of measurement head allows displacement to pass
Sensor produces electric signal, and transmits a signal to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer enters the displacement data of data conversion level, vertical direction
Row display, storage.The data of measurement are sent to data terminal by way of being wirelessly transferred.
The invention further relates to a kind of shield/TBM hob abrasion measuring method, measured using above-mentioned measurement apparatus,
Comprise the following steps:
(1) reference data of unworn same type hobboing cutter is measured:
A., measurement apparatus is installed:First the lower end of fixed pole is fit together with hobboing cutter step surface, then by activity branch
The height of leg is adjusted to correct position, and movable supporting legs are fixed together with adjustable pole using caging bolt, then tightens fastening
Bolt, makes hobboing cutter be clamped between fixed pole and movable supporting legs;
B. reference data is measured:Position of the adjustment cross sliding clock in horizontal guide rail, upright slide block are in upright guide rail respectively
In position, measurement head is moved on the contoured surface of hobboing cutter, each reference point on hobboing cutter contoured surface obtained by displacement transducer
Position coordinates, and by obtained displacement parameter data transfer to single-chip microcomputer, measure data fitting is obtained unworn similar
The standard contour line of type hobboing cutter;
(2) hobboing cutter data to be measured are measured:Measurement apparatus is arranged on hobboing cutter to be measured according to the method in step a, pressed
Measurement head is set to be moved on hobboing cutter contoured surface according to the method in step b, obtaining hobboing cutter correspondence to be measured by displacement transducer refers to
Position coordinates at point, and by obtained displacement parameter data transfer to single-chip microcomputer, measure data fitting is obtained into hobboing cutter to be measured
Contour line;
(3) step (2) is fitted to the standard for the hobboing cutter that do not wear and tear that the contour line of obtained hobboing cutter to be measured and step (1) are obtained
Contour line is compared, and calculates the maximum of hob abrasion to be measured, and the form for judging to wear and tear according to profile wire shaped;
(4) data that measurement is obtained are handled via single-chip microcomputer, and are transmitted by way of radio communication to data terminal.
Above-mentioned measuring method can be on the premise of knife disc tool structure not be changed, the wear extent in accurate measurement hobboing cutter section
Size, judge hob abrasion classification, and calculate that rational hobboing cutter changes node, carry out making rational planning for for hobboing cutter and be conducive to raising to apply
Work efficiency rate.Measurement data can be transferred directly into shield TBM big data platforms by way of radio communication simultaneously to be easy into one
Step analysis.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing hob abrasion measuring scale, and shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus of design has
Measurement accuracy is high, efficiency high and reliable operation, practical, the advantages of be easy to carry, can be in shield TBM drivings to hobboing cutter
Abrasion size is accurately measured, and obtains the geometrical variations in hobboing cutter section, realizes the accurate measurement to hob abrasion, and
Data can be allowed to be uploaded to shield TBM big data platforms, analysis wear law, planning tool changing node etc..
Adjustable in shield of the present invention/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus structure, the hobboing cutter that can be applied to different size is surveyed
Amount, its is rational in infrastructure, can realize the refining of wear measurement, rapid, stability, and same sectional position can be entered
Row multi-group data measurement fitting cross sectional shape, metrical information is comprehensive.Measurement apparatus of the present invention is based on displacement measurement, by right
If doing vertically and horizontally positional information measurement on hobboing cutter profile, to judge the size of hob abrasion, and it can send data to
Big data analysis platform etc. carries out the excavation of data.The present invention is applied to shield and TBM hob, makes daily hob abrasion accurate
Measurement and hobboing cutter section geological information, which are obtained, to be possibly realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of shield of the present invention/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus;
Reference:1 is adjustable pole for fixed pole, 2, and 3 be crossbeam, and 4 be movable supporting legs, and 5 be fastening bolt, and 6 are
Caging bolt, 7 be measurement head, and 8 be horizontal guide rail, and 9 be cross sliding clock, and 10 be upright guide rail, and 11 be upright slide block, and 12,13 are
Displacement transducer, 14 be single-chip microcomputer, and 15 be radio communications transmitter, and 16 be wireless communication receiver, and 17 be data terminal, and 18 are
Hobboing cutter.
Embodiment
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention with reference to embodiment, but following examples are used only to describe in detail
The present invention, does not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Involved equipment component is as without especially in the examples below
Illustrate, be conventional equipment element.
Embodiment 1:A kind of shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus, referring to Fig. 1, including support body, fastening assembly and movement
Measurement assembly.Support body include crossbeam 3, be separately positioned on the two ends of crossbeam 3 and with the fixed pole 1 connected vertically of crossbeam 3 and adjustable
Pole 2, the distance between fixed pole 1 and adjustable pole 2 are more than the width of shield to be measured/TBM hob step surface.In adjustable supporting
The vertical direction of bar 2 is provided with track, and fastening assembly includes movable supporting legs 4 and is arranged on the fastening bolt of the lower end of movable supporting legs 4
5, the upper end of movable supporting legs 4 is slidably installed in orbit, is additionally provided with orbit for adjusting and fixing movable supporting legs position
Caging bolt 6.
Traverse measurement component includes measurement head 7, the horizontal guide rail 8 being arranged on crossbeam 3, is arranged in horizontal guide rail 8
Cross sliding clock 9, the upright guide rail 10 being fixed together with cross sliding clock 9, and the upright slide block being arranged in upright guide rail 10
11, upper end and the upright slide block 11 of measurement head 7 are fixedly installed togather.Measurement head 7 is the cylindrical rod that lower end is taper, thereon
End can be unloaded and be changed when measurement head 7 is damaged with being threadedly coupled between upright slide block 11.In horizontal guide rail 8
The upper end of fixing end and upright guide rail 10 is respectively equipped with displacement transducer 12,13.Displacement transducer 12,13 can use stay-supported light
Grid fibre optical sensor or LVDT displacement transducers.
When measuring, the fixation pole 1 of support body is arranged under the both sides of hobboing cutter 18, fixed pole 1 with adjustable pole 2
Hold the step surface with hobboing cutter 18 to fit, adjust the upper-lower position of movable supporting legs, make lower end and the hobboing cutter baffle ring phase of movable supporting legs 4
Cut, then tighten fastening bolt 5, you can realize the positioning and clamping between measurement apparatus and hobboing cutter.
The shield/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus also includes data acquisition components, and data acquisition components include passing with displacement
The single-chip microcomputer 14 of the correspondence connection of sensor 12,13, in addition to radio communications transmitter 15 and wireless communication receiver 16, radio communication
The connection corresponding with single-chip microcomputer 14 of transmitter 15, wireless communication receiver 16 is communicated with data terminal 17.Radio communication is launched
Radio communication is carried out using ZigBee, bluetooth, WiFi or LiFi between device 15 and wireless communication receiver 16.
Embodiment 2:A kind of shield/TBM hob abrasion measuring method, is measured using the measurement apparatus in embodiment 1,
Comprise the following steps:
(1) reference data of unworn same type hobboing cutter is measured:
A., measurement apparatus is installed;First the lower end of fixed pole 1 is fit together with hobboing cutter step surface, then by activity branch
The height of leg 4 is adjusted to correct position, and movable supporting legs 4 are fixed together with adjustable pole 2 using caging bolt 6, then tightens
Fastening bolt 5, makes hobboing cutter 18 be clamped between fixed pole 1 and movable supporting legs 4;
B. reference data is measured:Position of the adjustment cross sliding clock in horizontal guide rail, upright slide block are in upright guide rail respectively
In position, measurement head is moved on the contoured surface of hobboing cutter, each reference point on hobboing cutter contoured surface obtained by displacement transducer
Position coordinates, and by obtained displacement parameter data transfer to single-chip microcomputer, measure data fitting is obtained unworn similar
The standard contour line of type hobboing cutter.
(2) hobboing cutter data to be measured are measured:Measurement apparatus is arranged on hobboing cutter to be measured according to the method in step a, pressed
Measurement head is set to be moved on hobboing cutter contoured surface according to the method in step b, obtaining hobboing cutter correspondence to be measured by displacement transducer refers to
Position coordinates at point, and by obtained displacement parameter data transfer to single-chip microcomputer, measure data fitting is obtained into hobboing cutter to be measured
Contour line.
(3) step (2) is fitted to the standard for the hobboing cutter that do not wear and tear that the contour line of obtained hobboing cutter to be measured and step (1) are obtained
Contour line is compared, and calculates the maximum of hob abrasion to be measured, and the form for judging to wear and tear according to profile wire shaped.
(4) data that measurement is obtained are handled via single-chip microcomputer, and are transmitted by way of radio communication to data terminal.
The specific works mode of shield of the present invention/TBM hob abrasion measurement apparatus is;Open for data acquisition and data
The top of upright guide rail 10 is arrived in the single-chip microcomputer 14 of processing, traverse measurement first 7, mobile upright guide rail 10 to horizontal guide rail it is most left
End, carries out level, vertical displacement and resets.According to the measuring method in embodiment 2, first unworn same type hobboing cutter is surveyed
Amount, obtains the reference point coordinates of the type hobboing cutter.Then the data of hobboing cutter to be measured are measured, along Hob ring contoured surface traverse measurement first 7,
The movable signal of measurement head is transferred to single-chip microcomputer 14 by displacement transducer 12,13, and single-chip microcomputer 14 receives signal and changes signal
For displacement data, when measurement head 7 is steadily contacted with hobboing cutter 18, horizontal, the vertical coordinate of a certain measuring point is just collected on profile.Press
Multi-group data is gathered on hobboing cutter profile according to a certain distance, the information of hobboing cutter contoured surface can be fitted.Pass through single-chip microcomputer 14
Greatest wear amount, the average abrasion amount of hobboing cutter can be calculated, it is possible to generate figure shows and go out hob abrasion situation.Single-chip microcomputer
14 connection radio communications transmitters 15, in real time can launch the hob abrasion data of detection, by wireless communication receiver
16 receive, can direct incoming data terminal, by the mining analysis of shield TBM big datas platform progress data, also into
The equipment such as the hand-held tablet personal computer terminal of Field Force.
Measurement apparatus of the present invention is easy to use, measurement accuracy is high, efficiency high, and the reading of personnel is avoided compared with measuring scale
Error, can gather the more comprehensive information in section after the horizontal, vertical positional information of fray, and then the cutter ring abrasion of acquisition hobboing cutter,
Two-dimensional section image reproducing after hob abrasion can be achieved by the post processing of data, so as to accurately judge the abrasion classification of hobboing cutter.
The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with embodiment, still, person of ordinary skill in the field can
Understand, on the premise of present inventive concept is not departed from, the design parameter of each in above-described embodiment can also be changed, shape
Into multiple specific embodiments, it is the common excursion of the present invention, is no longer described in detail one by one herein.