CN109997615A - A kind of oil tea mushroom chaff prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of oil tea mushroom chaff prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The present invention relates to mushroom bran secondary use technical fields, especially a kind of oil tea mushroom chaff prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base and preparation method thereof, by by oil tea mushroom chaff, corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, lime/gypsum is configured to pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation material, the culture material cultivates Pleurotus nebrodensis, not only realize secondary the making full use of of oil tea mushroom chaff ingredient, reduce environmental pollution, and by burden control between each material composition, Pleurotus nebrodensis mycelia nutritional need is met, promote the fast-growth of Pleurotus nebrodensis mycelia, improve Pleurotus nebrodensis yield, shorten the Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis period, reduce cultivation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mushroom bran secondary use technical field, especially a kind of oil tea mushroom chaff prepare Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base and
Preparation method.
Background technique
With the rapid development of mushroom industry, make it possible to sawdust, the cottonseed utilized by all kinds of edible fungus culturing processes
The demand of the raw materials such as shell, corncob, wheat bran rapidly increases, and Edible Fungi cultivation based raw material is caused to rise year by year；And it is traditional
Edible fungus culturing process, be waste bacterium rod after cultivating, useless bacterium bag, that is, be exactly that mushroom bran etc. is directly abandoned, fills, burnt
It burns, this is not only resulted in, and environmental pollution is serious, so that a large amount of beneficial resources remained in mushroom bran are wasted, cannot close
Reason utilizes.Therefore, as resource is constantly nervous, on the basis of people's environmental consciousness constantly enhances, edible fungus bran is carried out two
Comprehensive utilization of resources is realized in secondary utilization, becomes the emphasis direction of those skilled in the art's research, and by edible fungus bran application
Various fields have been arrived, such as: there is researcher using waste edible fungus bacteria stick as animal and fowl fodders such as raw material production pig, oxen；There are also researchs
Person uses or is fed directly to organic fertilizer for Crop fertilizers such as fruit tree, vegetables by after the processing of waste edible fungus bacteria stick and process
Factory produces organic fertilizer.But these, which are utilized, does not make the resource in the mushroom brans such as waste edible fungus bacteria stick obtain reasonable secondaryization
It utilizes, causes edible fungus culturing industry cost still higher.
Based on this, there is researcher to carry out and handle the mushroom brans such as waste edible fungus bacteria stick applied to secondary cultivation edible mushroom, so that
Mushroom bran is added in culture medium of edible fungus, not only realizes resource utilization utilization, but also also solve edible fungus culturing industry
When needing the ingredients such as a large amount of sawdust, cotton seed hulls, cause largely cut down or feed resource waste the problems such as.Such as Liu Jingkun
Deng in tropical crops journal 2019,40 (I): " the matrixing research on utilization progress of edible fungi residue " Wen Zhongjie in 191-198
The bacteria residue that continued is loose porous in structure, is very suitable to edible fungi growth, the cellulose rich in, wooden in constituent
Element, vitamin, antibiotic, mineral element and other biological activities substance, so that edible fungi residue is applied to edible fungi substrate material
The preparation of material is feasible, and illustrates the research contents such as Wei Hailong, Peng Rong, Zhao Lu, and wherein Wei Hailong etc. is from Pleurotus eryngii industrial
The bacteria residue of production replaces part cotton seed hulls to carry out grey mushroom (abalonelike) cultivation research；Peng Rong etc. is substituted with the true pleurotus cornucopiae bacteria residue of the factorial production
The research of 9715 bacterial strain of part cultivation using staw straw mushroom；Zhao Lu etc. promotes the bacteria residue substrate culture technology that straw rotting fungus mushroom recycles and grinds
Study carefully；The utilization and extentions Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue such as Fan Yuming is that the straw mushroom industrial and annual of matrix cultivates key technology research；And
Good cultivation effect is arrived.
But it itself is Edible Fungi waste material for bacteria residue or mushroom bran, either its physical structure or bacterium
A variety of water soluble nutrients such as the secondary metabolite, mycoprotein, the microelement that contain in chaff and organic substance abundant,
It is therefore, to be used for secondary cultivation edible mushroom process to caused by after the nutrient consumption in edible fungus culturing matrix
In, the nutritional need of all edible fungus varieties can not be fully met, is applied after needing to be modified it, this just leads
Different strains has been caused to need to prepare different cultivation bases.
Pleurotus nebrodensis also known as Pleurotus ferulae, Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi etc., it is delicious meat, delicious and tasty, protein content Zhan Gangu's
20% or so, contain 17 kinds of amino acid and multivitamin, with high edible value, the bolete being known as on grassland,
Quite by the favor of consumer.Pleurotus nebrodensis has the medicinal efficacies such as disperse accumulation, desinsection, antibechic, anti-inflammatory.Currently, for Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis
In the process, the culture material of use is substantially sawdust, cotton seed hulls, corncob, wheat bran, fresh corn powder, the lime, stone of broad leaf tree
Cream, biologicak efficiency can reach 70-80%, survive 90% or so；But in Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis process, the sawdust of use
It needs to cut down a large amount of timber, causes ecological disruption；Excellent feed resource, causes higher cost when cotton seed hulls；And currently, right
Also occurred in edible fungus bran in the application study of Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis process, such as number of patent application is 201510411241X
In disclose using oyster mushroom waste bacterium rod regenerate Pleurotus nebrodensis bacteria stick, and oyster mushroom waste bacterium rod be major ingredient under, be added corncob, wheat bran,
Sucrose, lime, calcium carbonate, urea, carbendazim etc., by being obtained after packing, sterilizing, so that the yield of Pleurotus nebrodensis increases, it is raw
Object efficiency reaches 90% or more.But it is also relatively fewer applied to the research in edible fungus culturing for oil tea mushroom chaff, and
And from the prior art from the point of view of, not all edible fungus bran can be applied to the cultivation of all edible fungus varieties；Together
When, the preparation for being also applied to Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base without pertinent literature report oil tea mushroom chaff is studied.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of dark brownish green preceding place of black tea processing
Reason method.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:
The first purpose of the invention is to provide oil tea mushroom chaff and prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, and material composition is with parts by weight
It is calculated as 7-9 parts of corncob, 8-11 parts of wheat bran, 0.5-2 parts of sucrose, 0.1-0.7 parts of gypsum, 0.1-0.5 parts of light calcium, oil tea mushroom chaff
30-48 parts.
It is preferred that the material composition be in parts by weight 8 parts of corncob, 9 parts of wheat bran, 1.3 parts of sucrose, 0.5 part of gypsum,
0.3 part of light calcium, 36 parts of oil tea mushroom chaff.
It is preferred that the oil tea mushroom chaff is the waste bacterium rod that oil tea mushroom production process generates and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces
Material, after being crushed to granularity≤10mm particle, adjustment moisture content is 20-50%, is stacked at being 40-60 DEG C in temperature
Handle at least 5 days products obtained.
It is preferred that wheat bran water content≤9%.
It is preferred that the gypsum is substituted using lime.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide above-mentioned oil tea mushroom chaff and prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base preparation method, packet
Include step (1) and (3) or (2) and (3)
(1) waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to particle
After degree≤10mm particle, gypsum is added, adjustment moisture content is 20-50%, and stacking is handled at least at being 40-60 DEG C in temperature
5 days products obtained；
(2) waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to particle
After degree≤10mm particle, adjustment moisture content is 20-50%, and lime is added, and stacking handles at least 5 days products obtained；
(3) product made from step (1) or (2) is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, adjusts water
Dividing content is 60-80%, and 50-60 DEG C of processing 3-7 days is heated in fermentation vat, and control water content is 65-68%, is packed, sterilizing,
To obtain the final product.
It is preferred that the step (3), control water content is 67%.
It is preferred that the step (2), adjustment moisture content is 40%.
The oil tea mushroom chaff that the third purpose of the invention is to provide above method preparation prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base and exists
Application in pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation material preparation.
Do not done in the invention clearly limit or illustrate, disclosed according to routine techniques and in the prior art
Mode of operation operated.
Using ingredients such as corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, lime, gypsum, it is all made of and buys in the market；Above-mentioned light calcium
For precipitated calcium carbonate.
The oil tea mushroom chaff used in the invention is waste bacterium rod, useless bacterium bag and/or the leftover bits and pieces after cultivating oil tea mushroom
Material etc., wherein the material composition of cultivation base during cultivating oil tea mushroom is: oil tea shell and/or cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, corn
Powder, gypsum mix.
It, should by oil tea mushroom chaff, corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, lime/gypsum are configured to pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation material
Culture material cultivates Pleurotus nebrodensis, not only realizes secondary the making full use of of oil tea mushroom chaff ingredient, reduces environmental pollution, Er Qiejing
It crosses to burden control between each material composition, Pleurotus nebrodensis mycelia nutritional need is met, Pleurotus nebrodensis is promoted
The fast-growth of silk, improves Pleurotus nebrodensis yield, shortens the Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis period, reduce cultivation cost.
Specific embodiment
It is limited below with reference to specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is further, but claimed
Range is not only limited to made description.
Test 1
1.1 material
1.1.1 bacterial strain
Pleurotus nebrodensis strain takes parent species by Guizhou Province Jun Ye company edible fungus culturing base.
1.1.2 culture material is prepared
In formula as below: oil tea mushroom chaff be by oil tea shell 10kg, cotton seed hulls 5kg, wheat bran 1.2kg, corn flour 0.9kg,
The oil tea mushroom cultivation base that gypsum 0.5kg is mixed leftover bits and pieces remaining after cultivating oil tea mushroom.
It is formulated 1: corncob 7kg, wheat bran 8kg, sucrose 0.5kg, gypsum 0.1kg, light calcium 0.1kg, oil tea mushroom chaff 30kg.
It is formulated 2: corncob 9kg, wheat bran 11kg, sucrose 2kg, gypsum 0.7kg, light calcium 0.5kg, oil tea mushroom chaff 48kg.
It is formulated 3: corncob 8kg, wheat bran 9kg, sucrose 1.3kg, gypsum 0.5kg, light calcium 0.3kg, oil tea mushroom chaff 36kg.
It is formulated 4: corncob 7kg, wheat bran 10kg, sucrose 1kg, gypsum 0.6kg, light calcium 0.1kg, oil tea mushroom chaff 25kg.
It is formulated 5: corncob 8kg, wheat bran 9kg, sucrose 1.3kg, gypsum 0.5kg, light calcium 0.3kg, corn stover 36kg.
It is formulated 6: corncob 7kg, wheat bran 8kg, sucrose 2kg, gypsum 0.6kg, light calcium 0.3kg, oil tea shell 31kg, cotton seed hulls
5kg。
After above-mentioned raw materials are uniformly mixed according to formula rate, fermentation process is stacked 7 days, then adjust moisture content
It is 68%.
1.2 method
It is packed using 14cm × 60cm × 0.003cm film bacterium bag, every bag of dry basis is calculated as 1000g, each formula group
50 bags of design after high pressure sterilization, is inoculated with Pleurotus nebrodensis strain, and in 25 DEG C of constant temperature incubations to mycelia cloth purseful and physiological maturity
Afterwards, move into cultivating chamber and carry out management of producing mushroom, and referring to the prior art and the conventional technical means of those skilled in the art into
Row management, referring for example to Shaanxi agricultural sciences 2014,60 (1): Zhang Wenjuan in 24-25 etc. is in " Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis fruiting phase water
Relationship point with yield " the Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis management method for supplementing water introduced in a text carries out moisturizing management, up to bacterium bag no longer goes out
Until mushroom, and each formula group Pleurotus nebrodensis yield is counted, according to: biological conversion rate=(Pleurotus nebrodensis yield/culture material quality)
× 100% calculates the biological conversion rate of culture material, and counts in table 1.
1.3 results and analysis
Table 1
Shown by the data of table 1 as it can be seen that for the invention using oil tea mushroom chaff addition replacement corn stover or
Oil tea shell, cottonseed shell component can improve Pleurotus nebrodensis to the biological conversion rate of culture material, improve Pleurotus nebrodensis yield, reduce white
Clever mushroom cultivates cost, so that Pleurotus nebrodensis reaches 88.9% or more to the biological conversion rate of culture material.
On the basis of testing 1, this researcher has also carried out the research of above-mentioned cultivation preparation method for material, in research process,
Specifically carried out according to the mode of operation of test 2.
Test 2
2.1 material
2.1.1 strain: consistent with the strain source of test 1.
2.1.2 on the basis of being formulated 3, its preparation process is completed according to following preparation:
A, the waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to granularity
After the particle of≤10mm, be added gypsum, adjustment moisture content be 20%, temperature be 50 DEG C at stack processing 5 days it is obtained
Product；Above-mentioned acquisition product is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, adjustment moisture content is 60-80%,
Be heated in fermentation vat 50 DEG C handle 3 days, control water content be 67%, pack, sterilizing to get.
B, the waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to granularity
After the particle of≤10mm, adjustment moisture content is 50%, and lime is added, and stacks 8 days products obtained of processing；By above-mentioned acquisition
Product is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, and adjustment moisture content is 60-80%, is heated in fermentation vat
60 DEG C handle 7 days, control water content be 68%, pack, sterilizing to get.
C, the waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to granularity
After the particle of≤10mm, adjustment moisture content be 40%, be added gypsum, temperature be 40 DEG C at stack processing 7 days it is obtained
Product；Above-mentioned acquisition product is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, adjustment moisture content is 60-80%,
Be heated in fermentation vat 55 DEG C handle 5 days, control water content be 65%, pack, sterilizing to get.
D, the waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, by being crushed to granularity
After the particle of≤10mm, lime is added, adjustment moisture content is 50%, stacks 9 days products obtained of processing；By above-mentioned acquisition
Product is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, and adjustment moisture content is 60-80%, is heated in fermentation vat
60 DEG C handle 4 days, control water content be 65%, pack, sterilizing to get.
2.2 method
It carries out, is the results are shown in Table shown in 2 referring to the operating method of above-mentioned test 1.
2.3 results and analysis
Table 2
Table 2 is as it can be seen that be added the addition opportunity with oil tea mushroom chaff mixed processing process properly to cultivation for gypsum/lime
The biological conversion rate of training material is intended to improve；Otherwise it will be intended to reduce, and then influence the overall quality of culture material.
Oil tea mushroom chaff is used to cultivate the test of oil tea mushroom by test 3
It is operated according to the operating method of test 1, in which: strain is the tea firewood 1 of Sanming, Fujian Province fungal studies institute breeding
Number oil tea mushroom.Cultivation based formulas is prepared according to the formula 1-6 group of test 1；Processing method is testing 1 referring to test 1
On the basis of, using the packed culture material of film, every bag of 1000g of butt restatement, each formula group designs 20 bags, by its sterilization treatment it
Afterwards, culture medium is inoculated with using normal sterile operating technology, bacterium germination is handled 30-50 days at 15-30 DEG C, in temperature 10-
Flower bud and growth at 35 DEG C.And the biological conversion rate of above-mentioned cultivation base cultivation oil tea mushroom is tested, result such as the following table 3
It is shown:
Table 3
Table 3 is as it can be seen that be not suitable for carrying out secondary use again as oil tea mushroom cultivation based raw material production oil for oil tea mushroom chaff
Tea mushroom will will lead to oil tea mushroom yield a sharp decline, and biological conversion rate sharp fall, this may is that oil tea mushroom
Effective component in the mushroom bran no longer reason of suitable cultivation oil tea mushroom.
In addition to this, this researcher is during studying above-mentioned test, on the basis of testing 3, will also match in test 1
Square 1-6 is cultivated applied to mushroom (celebrating section 20), and cultivation processing mode is grasped according to routine operation technological means in the prior art
Work；And yield during cultivating champignon is counted, result is as shown in table 4 below:
Table 4
Table 4 as raw material as it can be seen that match oil tea mushroom chaff according to the preparation method of the invention and proportion mode
When Mushroom cultivation material mushroom culture is made, it is not suitable for mushroom culture, mushroom production is easy to cause to decline, influences mushroom industry
Normal development causes cultivating champignon cost higher instead, although it makes use of oil tea mushroom chaff wastes as raw material,
During cultivating champignon, the manually workloads such as picking are needed, and the yield of mushroom has dropped, it will cause cultivating champignon cost
Increase.
It to sum up, for waste edible fungus bacteria stick, that is, is exactly edible fungus bran or referred to as edible fungi leftovers, not
It is to be adapted to secondary use culturing edible fungus, but it is being directed to specific edible fungus species, properly under adding proportion,
It is that by secondary use cultivation, improves its yield；The invention is passed through on the Research foundation of Pleurotus nebrodensis habit,
In conjunction with the research to oil tea mushroom chaff secondary use production edible mushroom, so that the mushroom bran that the cultivation of oil tea mushroom generates is applied to white spirit
Mushroom cultivation, and the raw material proportioning of culture material is controlled, utilization of the Pleurotus nebrodensis to nutrient in culture material is effectively raised, is mentioned
The high yield of Pleurotus nebrodensis, improves the biological conversion rate of Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis process, reduces Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis cost.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of oil tea mushroom chaff prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, which is characterized in that material composition is corncob 7-9 in parts by weight
Part, 8-11 parts of wheat bran, 0.5-2 parts of sucrose, 0.1-0.7 parts of gypsum, 0.1-0.5 parts of light calcium, 30-48 parts of oil tea mushroom chaff.
2. oil tea mushroom chaff as described in claim 1 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, which is characterized in that the material composition with
Parts by weight are calculated as 8 parts of corncob, 9 parts of wheat bran, 1.3 parts of sucrose, 0.5 part of gypsum, 0.3 part of light calcium, 36 parts of oil tea mushroom chaff.
3. oil tea mushroom chaff as claimed in claim 1 or 2 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, which is characterized in that the oil tea mushroom
Mushroom bran is the waste bacterium rod that oil tea mushroom production process generates and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces, by being crushed to granularity≤10mm
Particle after, adjustment moisture content be 20-50%, temperature be 40-60 DEG C at stacking handle at least 5 days products obtained.
4. oil tea mushroom chaff as claimed in claim 1 or 2 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, which is characterized in that the wheat bran contains
Water≤9%.
5. oil tea mushroom chaff as claimed in claim 1 or 2 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base, which is characterized in that the gypsum is adopted
It is substituted with lime.
6. oil tea mushroom chaff as described in any one in claim 1-5 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base preparation method, which is characterized in that
Including step (1) and (3) or (2) and (3)
(1) waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, through being crushed to granularity≤
After the particle of 10mm, gypsum is added, adjustment moisture content is 20-50%, and stacking is handled at least 5 days at being 40-60 DEG C in temperature
Product obtained；
(2) waste bacterium rod and/or useless bacterium bag and/or leftover bits and pieces generated oil tea mushroom production process, through being crushed to granularity≤
After the particle of 10mm, adjustment moisture content is 20-50%, and lime is added, and stacking handles at least 5 days products obtained；
(3) product made from step (1) or (2) is uniformly mixed with corncob, wheat bran, sucrose, light calcium, adjustment moisture contains
Amount is 60-80%, and 50-60 DEG C of processing 3-7 days is heated in fermentation vat, and control water content is 65-68%, is packed, sterilizing, i.e.,
?.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the step (3), control water content are 67%.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the step (2), adjustment moisture content are 40%.
9. oil tea mushroom chaff as described in any one in claim 1-5 prepares Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base or as claim 6-8 is any
The oil tea mushroom chaff of item the method preparation prepares application of the Cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis base in pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation material preparation.
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| CN111875449A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-03 | 孙文东 | Fermentation culture material, fermentation method, fermentation product and application of waste mushroom sticks |
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