CN109980359B - Broadband low-RCS antenna based on polarization conversion surface - Google Patents
Broadband low-RCS antenna based on polarization conversion surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109980359B CN109980359B CN201910224783.4A CN201910224783A CN109980359B CN 109980359 B CN109980359 B CN 109980359B CN 201910224783 A CN201910224783 A CN 201910224783A CN 109980359 B CN109980359 B CN 109980359B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/247—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set with frequency mixer, e.g. for direct satellite reception or Doppler radar
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband low RCS antenna based on a polarization conversion surface, which mainly solves the problem of strong antenna scattering property in the prior art, and comprises a dielectric plate (1), a polarization conversion surface (2), a metal floor (3), a metal patch (4) and coaxial metal column feeder lines (5), wherein the polarization conversion surface and the metal patch are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, the coaxial metal column feeder lines are positioned on the distance metal patch, the polarization conversion surface (2) is formed by periodically arranging polarization conversion units of passive resonance according to a chessboard shape of M multiplied by N, and each polarization conversion unit consists of two square sheet patches (21) positioned in the middle, two square sheet patches (22) positioned at vertexes, a strip patch (23) along diagonals and four strip patches (24) positioned at vertexes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a broadband radar cross section RCS reduced antenna which can be used for designing a radar system with low scattering characteristics.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, radar cross-section reduction technology of antennas has become a hot spot of research today. The radar cross section RCS is used as a physical quantity for quantitatively measuring the scattering performance of the antenna, and the RCS for effectively controlling and reducing the antenna becomes an important research content for optimally designing a radar system with weak scattering performance.
An antenna is an important device for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic signals in a radar system, and is a structure with strong scattering characteristics. How to control and scale the RCS of an antenna becomes critical to the design of radar systems for most radar systems.
The design of the traditional reduction antenna RCS comprises a structural deformation technology and a radar wave absorbing material coating technology. Wherein: the structure deformation technology is to slot or cut off the part of the antenna structure which does not participate in the radiation of the antenna, so that the scattering of the antenna in the threat angle area is effectively reduced. But will generally cause an effect on the operation of the antenna due to its change in the configuration of the antenna itself. Radar absorbing material cladding techniques are consumed by converting absorbed electromagnetic energy into thermal energy, thereby reducing the RCS of the antenna. The technology absorbs and consumes free space incident electromagnetic energy and absorbs electromagnetic energy radiated by the antenna, thereby affecting the radiation performance of the antenna.
With the advent of electromagnetic metamaterials, an effective way is achieved by designing antennas with low RCS characteristics using metamaterials such as frequency selective surfaces, electromagnetic bandgap structures, left-hand media, polarization conversion surfaces, and the like.
The polarization conversion surface can be used for forming reflected waves with the reflection phases 180 degrees different, and the reduction effect of RCS is realized through interference cancellation of the reflected waves. In 2019, tao Hong et al published a paper named RCS Reduction and Gain Enhancement for the Circularly PolarizedArray by Polarization Conversion Metasurface Coating in journal IEEEAntennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, which proposes a polarization conversion surface composed of double-arrow strip polarization conversion units, and describes the practical application of the polarization conversion surface in the field of antennas. The strip polarization conversion surface units are arranged around the microstrip antenna in a chess board shape, and simulation results show that: the antenna loaded with the polarization conversion surface has unaffected radiation performance compared with a reference antenna, the radar cross section has RCS reduction of more than 4.8dB in the frequency band range of 10.5-35.1GHz, but has RCS reduction effects of more than 10dB in only three frequency bands of 10.90-13.10GHz, 15.70-19.00GHz and 27.50-33.00GHz, and the RCS reduction effects are less than 10dB in the frequency bands of 10.5-10.9GHz, 13.1-15.7GHz and 19-27.5GHz, so that good antenna scattering effect cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a broadband low-RCS antenna based on a polarization conversion surface, so that an RCS reduction effect of more than 10dB is realized in the whole frequency range, and the scattering performance of the antenna is effectively reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, the broadband low RCS antenna based on polarization conversion surface of the present invention includes a dielectric plate, a polarization conversion surface, a metal floor, a metal patch and coaxial metal column feeder lines, the polarization conversion surface and the metal patch are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate and distributed in a square inside and outside, the metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, and the coaxial metal column feeder lines are located on the metal patch, and the broadband low RCS antenna is characterized in that:
the polarization conversion surface is formed by periodically arranging polarization conversion units of passive resonance according to an M multiplied by N chessboard, M is more than or equal to 6, N is more than or equal to 6, and each polarization conversion unit is formed by two square sheet-shaped patches positioned in the middle, two square sheet-shaped patches positioned at vertexes, a strip-shaped patch along a diagonal line and four strip-shaped patches positioned at vertexes so as to realize the reduction of the radar cross section.
Further, the two square sheet patches are overlapped in a staggered manner at the center of the polarization conversion unit, the two strip-shaped patches are arranged at the overlapped position of the square sheet patches along the diagonal line of the polarization conversion unit, the tail end of each strip-shaped patch is respectively provided with one strip-shaped patch at an opening angle of about 80 degrees, and the overlapped position of the two strip-shaped patches is provided with one square sheet-shaped patch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the unit of the polarization conversion surface in the invention realizes the polarization conversion effect in a wider frequency band due to the adoption of the design structure of integrating the strip type and the slice type fractal type.
2. According to the invention, the polarization conversion units with the integrated structure are arranged around the antenna according to the checkerboard period, so that the phase of the incident electromagnetic wave can be converted by +/-90 degrees, and the reflected electromagnetic waves with the phase difference of 180 degrees are mutually counteracted, thereby realizing the radar cross section reduction effect of the broadband of the antenna by utilizing a passive cancellation mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarization conversion unit in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of reflection coefficient amplitude versus radiation and reception for an antenna of the present invention and a reference antenna;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the gain contrast of yoz plane for the inventive antenna and the reference antenna in the radiated and received state;
fig. 5 is a graph of xoz plane gain contrast for an antenna of the present invention and a reference antenna in a radiated and received state;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional comparison of a single station radar of the inventive antenna and a reference antenna.
Detailed Description
Specific examples and effects of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the present example includes a dielectric plate 1, a polarization conversion surface 2, a metal floor 3, metal patches 4 and coaxial metal post feed lines 5, the polarization conversion surface 2 is printed on the periphery of the upper surface of the dielectric plate 1 in a checkerboard periodic arrangement, the metal patches 4 are printed on the center of the upper surface of the dielectric plate 1, the metal floor 3 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 1, and the coaxial metal post feed lines 5 are located at a distance of 2.4mm from the center of the metal patches 4. The dielectric plate 1 is a rectangular plate material with the relative dielectric constant epsilon' =2.65, wherein the rectangular plate material is 78mm multiplied by 3 mm; the side length c of the metal patch 4 is 8.95mm-9.05mm, the example is taken but not limited to c=9mm, and the center of the metal patch 4 is provided with a metal through hole for feeding; the metal floor 3 adopts a conductivity of sigma=5.8x10 7 S/m copper material with the size of 78mm multiplied by 78mm; tens of polarization conversion units are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the antenna at intervals of 7.8mm, and 84 polarization conversion units are taken as an example but not limited to the example.
Referring to FIG. 2, the polarization conversion surface 2 is composed of passive resonant polarization conversion units arranged in a periodic pattern of MxN, M.gtoreq.6, N.gtoreq.6, each polarization conversion unit being composed of two centrally located square sheet patches 21, two apex located square sheet patches 22, a diagonally located strip patch 23, and four apex located strip patches 24. The two square sheet patches 21 are overlapped in a staggered manner and arranged in the center of the polarization conversion unit, the two strip-shaped patches 23 are arranged along the diagonal line of the polarization conversion unit, one end of each strip-shaped patch 23 is arranged at the overlapped position of the square sheet patches 21, one strip-shaped patch 24 is respectively arranged at the other end, namely the left end and the right end, of each strip-shaped patch 23 which is arranged along the diagonal line, the included angle between each strip-shaped patch 24 and the strip-shaped patch 23 which is arranged along the diagonal line is 80 degrees, and one square sheet-shaped patch 22 is arranged at the overlapped position of the two strip-shaped patches 24.
A middle square sheet patch 21 having a side length a of 1.87mm-1.93mm, taken in this example but not limited to a=1.9 mm, and symmetrical about a diagonally-running strip patch 23; two square sheet patches 22 at the apex, each square sheet patch being symmetrical to itself about a diagonal line, with a side length b of 0.85mm-0.95mm, taken in this example but not limited to b=0.9 mm; the diagonally-extending strip-shaped patch 23 has a width W1 of 0.48mm to 0.52mm and a length L1 of 5.84mm to 5.92mm, and is exemplified by, but not limited to, w1=0.9 mm and l1=5.9 mm, and its center coincides with the diagonal line of the dielectric sheet 1; four apex-located strip patches 24 having a width W2 of 0.52mm-0.56mm, taken in this example but not limited to w2=0.54 mm; the metal patch 4 has a side length c=9mm and a metal through hole in the center.
The effects of the present invention can be further described in conjunction with the following simulation results:
1. simulation content and results
Simulation 1, the reflection coefficients of the inventive antenna and the reference antenna in the above examples in the radiation and receiving states were simulated and calculated by using commercial simulation software hfss_15.0, and the results are shown in fig. 3. Wherein the working frequency point of the reference antenna is 8.95GHz, and the working frequency point of the antenna is 9.05GHz, so that S is formed 11 The standard is less than or equal to-10 dB, the working frequency band of the reference antenna is 8.32-9.80GHz, the working frequency band of the antenna is 8.31-10.0GHz, and the reflection coefficients obtained by the reference antenna and the reference antenna are basically consistent. As can be seen from fig. 3, the resonance point and the operating bandwidth of the antenna of the present invention are substantially identical to those of the reference antenna.
Simulation 2, the yoz plane gains of the inventive antenna and the reference antenna in the above examples in the radiation and receiving states were simulated and calculated by using commercial simulation software hfss_15.0, and the results are shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, the gain curves of the antenna of the present invention and the reference antenna in the present example have a smaller difference in yoz plane, which indicates that the metal reflecting plate used as the antenna of the present invention has a small influence on the yoz plane radiation pattern of the antenna in the radiation and reception state; the gain of the antenna and the reference antenna in the normal direction are 6.47dB and 6.38dB respectively, and the gain of the antenna is improved by 1.5%; the directional diagrams of the antenna and the reference antenna in the xoy plane are basically consistent, and the rear lobes of the antenna and the reference antenna are also effectively consistent.
Simulation 3 simulation calculation of xoz plane gains of the inventive antenna and the reference antenna in the above examples in the radiation and reception state was performed by using commercial simulation software hfss_15.0, and the result is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the gain curve difference between the antenna and the reference antenna at yoz plane is small, the pattern is symmetrical about the radiation direction, and the radiation characteristic is good, which indicates that the metal reflecting plate used as the antenna in the radiation and receiving state of the reconfigurable polarization conversion surface has little influence on the yoz plane radiation pattern of the antenna. The gain of the antenna and the reference antenna in the normal direction are 6.47dB and 6.38dB respectively, and the gain of the antenna is improved by 1.5%; the directional diagrams of the antenna and the reference antenna in the xoy plane are basically consistent, and the rear lobes of the antenna and the reference antenna are effectively consistent.
Simulation 4 single station radar cross-sections of the inventive antenna and the reference antenna in the above examples were simulated using commercial simulation software hfss_15.0, the results of which are shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from fig. 6, the antenna of the present invention in this example can achieve radar cross section reduction in a wide frequency band of 7.5-22.3GHz, and the radar cross section reduction amount is greater than 10dB substantially in the frequency band of 8.07-20.89GHz, compared with the reference antenna, which illustrates that the reconfigurable polarization conversion surface of the present invention can greatly reduce the radar cross section of the antenna.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a broadband radar cross-section RCS reduces antenna, includes dielectric plate (1), polarization conversion surface (2) metal floor (3), metal paster (4) and coaxial metal post feeder (5), and polarization conversion surface (2) and metal paster (4) print the upper surface of dielectric plate (1), and are square inside and outside distribution, and metal floor (3) print the lower surface at dielectric plate (1), and coaxial metal post feeder (5) are located metal paster (4), its characterized in that:
the polarization conversion surface (2) is formed by periodically arranging polarization conversion units of passive resonance according to a chessboard shape of MxN, wherein M is more than or equal to 6, N is more than or equal to 6, and each polarization conversion unit is formed by two square sheet-shaped patches (21) positioned in the middle, two square sheet-shaped patches (22) positioned at vertexes, a strip-shaped patch (23) along a diagonal line and four strip-shaped patches (24) positioned at vertexes so as to realize the reduction of the radar cross section;
the polarization conversion surfaces (2) are printed on the periphery of the upper surface of the dielectric plate (1) in a checkerboard periodic arrangement, and the metal patches (4) are printed on the center of the upper surface of the dielectric plate (1);
wherein two square sheet patches (21) positioned in the middle are overlapped in a staggered manner and are arranged in the center of the polarization conversion unit, two strip patches (23) along the diagonal line are arranged along the diagonal line of the polarization conversion unit, one end of each strip patch (23) along the diagonal line is arranged at the overlapped position of the square sheet patches (21) positioned in the middle, one strip patch (24) positioned at the vertex is respectively arranged at the other end, namely the left and the right of the tail end, of each strip patch (24) positioned at the vertex and the strip patch (23) along the diagonal line have an included angle of 80 degrees, and one square sheet patch (22) positioned at the vertex is arranged at the overlapped position of the two strip patches (24) positioned at the vertex;
the square sheet-shaped patch (21) positioned in the middle is symmetrical about the strip-shaped patch (23) along the diagonal line;
two square sheet patches (22) located at the vertices, each of which is symmetrical to itself about a diagonal; a diagonally-extending strip-shaped patch (23) having its center coincident with the diagonal of the dielectric sheet (1).
2. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: a square sheet-shaped patch (21) positioned in the middle, and the side length a of the patch is 1.87mm-1.93mm.
3. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: two square sheet patches (22) are positioned at the vertex, and the side length b is 0.85mm-0.95mm.
4. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diagonal strip patch (23) has a width W1 of 0.48mm-0.52mm and a length L1 of 5.84mm-5.92mm.
5. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: four strip-shaped patches (24) positioned at the vertex have a width W2 of 0.52mm-0.56mm and an angle β=80° with the strip-shaped patches (23) along the diagonal.
6. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal patch (4) has a side length c of 8.95mm-9.05mm and a metal through hole in the center.
7. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dielectric plate (1) has a thickness d of 2.9mm-3.1mm and is made of F4B material having a relative dielectric constant epsilon' =2.65.
8. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: a metal floor (3) with conductivity sigma=5.8x10 7 S/m copper material.
9. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arrangement period of the M×N passive resonant cells is 7.8mm.
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| CN111384592B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2024-01-30 | 福瑞泰克智能***有限公司 | Antenna device and radar |
| CN114142235A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-04 | 上海大学 | Broadband low-scattering circularly polarized super-surface microstrip antenna |
| CN114361810B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-04-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband low-scattering double-frequency microstrip antenna |
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