CN109980359A - The low RCS antenna in broadband based on polarization conversion surface - Google Patents

The low RCS antenna in broadband based on polarization conversion surface Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109980359A
CN109980359A CN201910224783.4A CN201910224783A CN109980359A CN 109980359 A CN109980359 A CN 109980359A CN 201910224783 A CN201910224783 A CN 201910224783A CN 109980359 A CN109980359 A CN 109980359A
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patch
polarization conversion
metal
strip
antenna
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CN201910224783.4A
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CN109980359B (en
Inventor
姜文
李溪
杨博光
龚书喜
洪涛
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Xidian University
Xian Cetc Xidian University Radar Technology Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xidian University
Xian Cetc Xidian University Radar Technology Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/247Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set with frequency mixer, e.g. for direct satellite reception or Doppler radar
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H01Q15/242Polarisation converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low RCS antennas in broadband based on polarization conversion surface, mainly solve the problems, such as that antenna scattering characteristic is stronger in the prior art, it includes dielectric-slab (1), polarization conversion surface (2), metal floor (3), metal patch (4) and coaxial metal column feed line (5), the upper surface on polarization conversion surface and metal patch printing dielectric-slab, metal floor is printed on the lower surface of dielectric-slab, coaxial metal column feed line is located on metal patch, the polarization conversion surface (2) is rearranged by the polarization conversion unit of passive resonance by the checkerboard periodic of M × N, each polarization conversion unit is to be located in the middle rectangular sheet patch (21) by two, two are located at the rectangular sheet patch (22) on vertex, strip-type patch (23) and four items positioned at vertex diagonally Belt patch (24) composition, the present invention have reduced radar cross section, improve dispersion effect, can be used for the radar system design of low scattering properties.

Description

The low RCS antenna in broadband based on polarization conversion surface
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, in particular to a kind of wideband radar section RCS reduces antenna, can be used for low dissipate Penetrate the radar system design of characteristic.
Background technique
With the fast development of the communication technology, the radar signal interception system technology of antenna has become the hot spot studied now.And The RCS of physical quantity of the radar cross section RCS as quantitative measurement antenna scattering performance, effective control and decrement antenna becomes optimization Design the important research content with weak scattering performance radar system.
For antenna as the important device for being used for transceiving electromagnetic signals in radar system, itself being one has strong scattering special The structure of property.For most of radar systems, the RCS for how controlling and reducing antenna becomes the pass of radar system design Key.
The design of tradition decrement Antenna/RCS, includes malformation technology and radar absorbing coating technology.Wherein: Malformation technology is by the way that the part for being not involved in aerial radiation in antenna structure is slotted or cut off, to effectively reduce Antenna is threatening the scattering in angular domain.But due to its change to antenna contour structures itself, it will usually cause to Antenna Operation Influence.Radar absorbing coating technology is consumed by way of converting thermal energy for the electromagnetic energy of absorption, from And reduce the RCS of antenna.And the technology is while absorbing and consuming free space incident electromagnetic energy, to antenna own radiation Electromagnetic energy also absorbed, and then the radiance of antenna is impacted.
With the appearance of electromagnetism Meta Materials, frequency-selective surfaces, electromagnetic bandgap structure, left-handed medium, polarization conversion are utilized The design of the Meta Materials such as surface has the antenna of low RCS characteristic, at a kind of effective mode.
Polarization conversion surface can form the back wave that reflected phase differs 180 ° using it, pass through the interference phase of back wave The Reduce shrinkage effect of RCS is realized in the effect that disappears.2019, Tao Hong et al. was in IEEEAntennas and Wireless An entitled " RCS Reduction and Gain Enhancement has been delivered on Propagation Letters periodical for the Circularly PolarizedArray by Polarization Conversion Metasurface Coating " paper, the paper proposes a kind of polarization conversion surfaces being made of double arrow strip-type polarization conversion units, and The polarization conversion surface is described in the practical application of field of antenna.Strip-type polarization conversion surface cell checkerboard is arranged in text Be listed in around microstrip antenna, simulation result shows: the antenna on load polarization conversion surface is compared with reference antenna, the radiation of antenna Performance is uninfluenced, and there is the decrement of the RCS greater than 4.8dB in radar cross section in the frequency range of 10.5-35.1GHz, but only There is the RCS decrement greater than 10dB in tri- frequency ranges of 10.90-13.10GHz, 15.70-19.00GHz and 27.50-33.00GHz Effect, RCS Reduce shrinkage effect is respectively less than 10dB in 10.5-10.9GHz, 13.1-15.7GHz and 19-27.5GHz frequency band, can not Realize good antenna scattering effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in view of the deficiency of the prior art, propose a kind of width based on polarization conversion surface The scattering property of antenna is effectively reduced with low RCS antenna to realize the RCS Reduce shrinkage effect for being greater than 10dB in entire frequency range.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is based on the low RCS antennas in the broadband on polarization conversion surface, including including dielectric-slab, Polarization conversion surface, metal floor, metal patch and coaxial metal column feed line, polarization conversion surface and metal patch printing are situated between The upper surface of scutum, and the inside and outside distribution that is square, metal floor are printed on the lower surface of dielectric-slab, coaxial metal column feed line position In on metal patch, it is characterised in that:
The polarization conversion surface is rearranged by the polarization conversion unit of passive resonance by the checkerboard periodic of M × N, M >=6, N >=6, each polarization conversion unit are to be located in the middle rectangular sheet patch, two square plates positioned at vertex by two Shape patch, strip-type patch diagonally and four are located at the strip-type patch composition on vertex, to realize subtracting for radar cross section Contracting.
Further, described two rectangular sheet patches, which are overlapping, is placed in the center of polarization conversion unit, two strip-types Patch is placed in the overlapping of rectangular sheet patch along the diagonal line of polarization conversion unit, and the end of each strip-type patch is with 80 ° Subtended angle or so respectively place a strip-type patch, place a rectangular sheet patch in the overlapping of two strip-type patches.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the unit on the polarization conversion surface in the present invention, due to using strip-type and the integrated design of sheet form-separating Structure realizes the polarization conversion effect in broad frequency band.
2, the present invention, can by the way that the polarization conversion unit of the integral structure is pressed checkerboard periodic arrangement around antenna To make 180 ° of phase difference of reflection electromagnetic wave offset each other, thus using passive for phase transition ± 90 ° of incident electromagnetic wave The mode offseted realizes the wide band radar signal interception system effect of antenna.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the polarization conversion cellular construction schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reflectance magnitude comparison diagram of inventive antenna and reference antenna under radiation, reception state;
Fig. 4 is the face the yoz gain contrast figure of inventive antenna and reference antenna under radiation, reception state;
Fig. 5 is the face the xoz gain contrast figure of inventive antenna and reference antenna under radiation, reception state;
Fig. 6 is the monostatic radar cross-section comparison figure of inventive antenna and reference antenna.
Specific embodiment
Specific example and effect of the invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig.1, this example includes dielectric-slab 1, polarization conversion surface 2, metal floor 3, metal patch 4 and coaxial metal Column feed line 5, the polarization conversion surface 2 are printed on the upper surface periphery of dielectric-slab 1, metal patch in checkerboard periodic arrangement 4 are printed on the upper surface center of dielectric-slab 1, and metal floor 3 is printed on the lower surface of dielectric-slab 1, coaxial metal column feed line 5 At the 2.4mm apart from 4 center of metal patch.Dielectric-slab 1 uses 78mm × 78mm × 3mm rectangular plate, opposite dielectric Constant ε '=2.65;The side length c of metal patch 4 is 8.95mm-9.05mm, this example takes but be not limited to c=9mm, metal patch 4 center of piece is provided with metal throuth hole, for feeding;Metal floor 3, uses conductivity for σ=5.8 × 107S/m copper product, size For 78mm × 78mm;Dozens of polarization conversion unit is evenly spaced in upper antenna surface by spacing 7.8mm, this example takes but unlimited In 84 polarization conversion units.
Referring to Fig. 2, polarization conversion surface 2 is arranged by the polarization conversion unit of passive resonance by the checkerboard periodic of M × N Composition, M >=6, N >=6, each polarization conversion unit are to be located in the middle rectangular sheet patch 21, two by two to be located at vertex Rectangular sheet patch 22, strip-type patch 23 diagonally and four are located at the strip-type patches 24 on vertex and form.Wherein Two rectangular sheet patches 21, which are overlapping, is placed in the center of polarization conversion unit, and two strip-type patches 23 are along polarization conversion list The diagonal line of member is placed, and one end is placed in the overlapping of rectangular sheet patch 21, the strip-type patch each diagonally placed Respectively place a strip-type patch 24, each item strip-type patch 24 and diagonally placed in 23 other end, that is, end or so The angle of belt patch 23 is all 80 °, places a rectangular sheet patch 22 in the overlapping of two strip-type patches 24.
Intermediate rectangular sheet patch 21, side length a are 1.87mm-1.93mm, this example takes but be not limited to a=1.9mm, And it is symmetrical about strip-type patch 23 diagonally;Two are located at the rectangular sheet patch 22 on vertex, and side length b is 0.85mm-0.95mm, this example takes but is not limited to b=0.9mm, and each rectangular sheet patch is right with its own about diagonal line Claim;Strip-type patch 23 diagonally, width W1 are 0.48mm-0.52mm, and length L1 is 5.84mm-5.92mm, this reality Example takes but is not limited to W1=0.9mm, L1=5.9mm, and its center is overlapped with the diagonal line of dielectric-slab 1;Four are located at vertex Strip-type patch 24, width W2 are 0.52mm-0.56mm, this example takes but is not limited to W2=0.54mm;The side of metal patch 4 Long c=9mm, center are provided with metal throuth hole.
Effect of the invention is described further in combination with following simulation result:
1, emulation content and result
Emulation 1, using business simulation software HFSS_15.0 to inventive antenna in examples detailed above and reference antenna in spoke It penetrates, the reflection coefficient progress simulation calculation under reception state, as a result as shown in Figure 3.Wherein the working frequency points of reference antenna are The working frequency points of 8.95GHz, inventive antenna are 9.05GHz, with S11≤ -10dB is standard, and the working band of reference antenna is The working band of 8.32-9.80GHz, inventive antenna are 8.31-10.0GHz, and the reflection coefficient that the two obtains is almost the same.From Fig. 3 is it is found that the inventive antenna resonance point of antenna and bandwidth of operation compared with reference antenna is all almost the same.
Emulation 2, using business simulation software HFSS_15.0 to inventive antenna in examples detailed above and reference antenna in spoke It penetrates, the face the yoz gain progress simulation calculation under reception state, as a result as shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 4, the present invention in this example The gain curve gap of antenna and reference antenna in the face yoz is smaller, illustrates the restructural polarization conversion surface in the present invention in spoke It penetrates, as the metallic reflection plate of antenna very little influenced on the yoz surface radiation directional diagram of antenna under reception state;Inventive antenna and Reference antenna is respectively 6.47dB and 6.38dB in the gain size of normal direction, and gain of the present invention improves 1.5%;Inventive antenna Directional diagram with reference antenna in the face xoy is almost the same, and the back lobe of the two has also obtained effectively unanimously.
Emulation 3, with business simulation software HFSS_15.0 to inventive antenna in examples detailed above and reference antenna radiation, The face xoz gain under reception state carries out simulation calculation, as a result as shown in Figure 5.As shown in Figure 5, inventive antenna and refer to day Gain curve gap of the line in the face yoz is smaller, and directional diagram is symmetrical about radiation direction, and radiation characteristic is good, illustrates the present invention In restructural polarization conversion surface radiation, under reception state as the metallic reflection plate of antenna to the yoz surface radiation of antenna Directional diagram influences very little.Inventive antenna and reference antenna are respectively 6.47dB and 6.38dB, this hair in the gain size of normal direction Bright gain improves 1.5%;The directional diagram of inventive antenna and reference antenna in the face xoy is almost the same, and the two back lobe obtains It is effective consistent.
Emulation 4 stands to inventive antenna in examples detailed above and the single of reference antenna using business simulation software HFSS_15.0 Radar cross section carries out simulation calculation, as a result as shown in Figure 6.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that inventive antenna and reference antenna phase in this example Than the present invention can realize radar signal interception system in the broadband of 7.5-22.3GHz, and substantially in 8.07-20.89GHz frequency band Radar signal interception system amount is greater than 10dB in range, illustrates that the restructural polarization conversion surface in the present invention can significantly reduce The radar cross section of antenna.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wideband radar section RCS reduces antenna, including dielectric-slab (1), polarization conversion surface (2) metal floor (3), gold Belong to patch (4) and coaxial metal column feed line (5), polarization conversion surface (2) and metal patch (4) print the upper of dielectric-slab (1) Surface, and the inside and outside distribution that is square, metal floor (3) are printed on the lower surface of dielectric-slab (1), coaxial metal column feed line (5) On metal patch (4), it is characterised in that:
The polarization conversion surface (2) is rearranged by the polarization conversion unit of passive resonance by the checkerboard periodic of M × N, M >=6, N >=6, each polarization conversion unit are to be located in the middle rectangular sheet patch (21), two sides positioned at vertex by two Shape sheet patch (22), strip-type patch (23) diagonally and four are located at strip-type patch (24) composition on vertex, with Realize the decrement of radar cross section.
2. the antenna according to requiring 1, it is characterised in that: two rectangular sheet patches (21) are overlapping and are placed in polarization conversion The center of unit, two strip-type patches (23) are placed in the overlapping of rectangular sheet patch (21) along the diagonal line of polarization conversion unit A strip-type patch (24) is respectively placed with 80 ° subtended angle or so in the end at place, each strip-type patch (23), in two bands The overlapping of formula patch (24) places a rectangular sheet patch (22).
3. the antenna according to requiring 1, it is characterised in that: intermediate rectangular sheet patch (21), side length a are 1.87mm- 1.93mm, and it is symmetrical about strip-type patch (23) diagonally.
4. the antenna according to requiring 1, it is characterised in that: two are located at the rectangular sheet patch (22) on vertex, and side length b is 0.85mm-0.95mm, and each rectangular sheet patch is symmetrical with its own about diagonal line.
5. the antenna according to requiring 1, it is characterised in that: strip-type patch (23) diagonally, width W1 are 0.48mm-0.52mm, length L1 are 5.84mm-5.92mm, and its center is overlapped with the diagonal line of dielectric-slab (1).
6. the antenna according to requiring 1, it is characterised in that: four are located at the strip-type patch (24) on vertex, and width W2 is 0.52mm-0.56mm, and be β=80 ° with bar shaped patch (23) angle diagonally.
7. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: metal patch (4), side length c are 8.95mm-9.05mm, Center is provided with metal throuth hole.
8. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: dielectric-slab (1), thickness d 2.9mm-3.1mm are used The F4B material of relative dielectric constant ε '=2.65.
9. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: metal floor (3) uses conductivity for σ=5.8 × 107S/ M copper product.
10. antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the M × N number of passive resonance unit arrangement period is 7.8mm。
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Cited By (3)

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CN111384592A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-07-07 福瑞泰克智能***有限公司 Antenna device and radar
CN114142235A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-04 上海大学 Broadband low-scattering circularly polarized super-surface microstrip antenna
CN114361810A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-15 西安电子科技大学 Broadband low-scattering dual-frequency microstrip antenna

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111384592A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-07-07 福瑞泰克智能***有限公司 Antenna device and radar
CN111384592B (en) * 2020-02-25 2024-01-30 福瑞泰克智能***有限公司 Antenna device and radar
CN114142235A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-04 上海大学 Broadband low-scattering circularly polarized super-surface microstrip antenna
CN114361810A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-15 西安电子科技大学 Broadband low-scattering dual-frequency microstrip antenna

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