CN109971426B - Eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant - Google Patents
Eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant Download PDFInfo
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J2305/02—Dextran; Derivatives thereof
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- C08J2305/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
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- C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
- C08J2405/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses an eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 0.35 percent of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.4 to 0.68 percent of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin, 0.08 to 0.2 percent of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 0.1 to 0.32 percent of Tween 60, 0.4 to 2 percent of dodecyl glucoside, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of span 80, 0.6 to 0.8 percent of calcium chloride and the balance of water. In the using process of the dust suppressant, the spray droplets can wet dust particles and attach to the surface of dust, so that the dust rapidly falls, and secondary dust raising is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wet-type dust control and suppression agents for underground working surfaces of coal mines, in particular to a high-coagulability dust suppression agent.
Background
With the acceleration of mechanized production efficiency of coal mines, a large amount of dust is generated in the processes of mining, crushing, screening, transporting, storing, breaking coal rocks and the like of coal. According to measurement, especially in the wide use of modern advanced fully-mechanized mining technology, the mining amount of coal is greatly increased, but the coal dust generated at the same time is rapidly increased, so that the concentration of the coal dust in the well is increased, and fully-mechanized mining is realizedAnd the coal dust concentration of the driving face reaches 1400mg/m3Above, some coal mines have even higher dust concentrations. In the process of transporting and mining coal, a large amount of coal dust can be generated, the environment can be polluted, and the human body can be injured, so that the problem of pollution of the coal dust to the environment and the human body is urgently needed to be solved. At present, water sprinkling and dust suppression are the most main measures applied to coal mine dust removal in China, but coal dust has hydrophobic property, is not easy to be wetted by water, is difficult to control the pollution of the coal dust in coal mining, and is expensive.
In recent years, research on chemical dust depressants is continuously innovated and developed, and part of the chemical dust depressants effectively control coal mine dust so as to obviously reduce the concentration of mine dust, for example, CN107384319A discloses a chemical dust depressant, which comprises the following raw materials: 15-25 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 15-25 parts of alpha-olefin sulfonate, 15-25 parts of alkylamidopropyl betaine, 3-10 parts of tetra-polylysine, 0.5-1 part of water glass, 0.5-1 part of calcium chloride, 0.5-1 part of calcium lactate gluconate, 2-8 parts of epoxy resin, 0.05-0.1 part of sodium 2-methylisotitrate, 1-5 parts of 1, 2-propylene glycol and 100 parts of water; CN104694083A discloses a compound chemical dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound chemical dust suppressant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40005-50% of polyethylene glycol, 1-20% of sodium sulfate, 2-45% of polyvinyl acetate, 5-55% of gelatin, 15-70% of starch and 1-10% of sodium polyacrylate; CN107286911A discloses an environment-friendly chemical dust suppressant and application thereof, wherein waste ferric trichloride residues are taken as important components of the chemical dust suppressant and consist of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium silicate, lime powder, the waste ferric trichloride residues and water.
The above dust suppressants still have significant drawbacks: after the dust suppressant is sprayed on coal dust, the evaporation rate is high, the moisture retention type is low, and the dust suppression effect of a working surface is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant, which can enable spray droplets to adhere to dust and improve the dust suppression efficiency.
The invention aims to provide an eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an eco-friendly dust suppressant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
as a preferred scheme of the invention, the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows:
as another preferred scheme of the invention, the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows:
further, the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows:
further, the weight percentages of the raw materials are as follows:
further, the sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane is prepared by taking sodium alginate as a raw material, DMSO as an initiator, xanthan gum as a grafting monomer, epoxy chloropropane as a cross-linking agent, NaOH as a neutralizing agent and adopting a graft polymerization method after the sodium alginate and the xanthan gum are completely dissolved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the invention provides an eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant, wherein the surface molecular structure of the dust suppressant is crosslinked to form a net structure, and different ionic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and the like exist among molecules, so that the dust suppressant generates stronger hydrophilicity and adsorption force; meanwhile, the dust suppressant with strong hydrophilicity and adsorption force can achieve the dust settling purpose through bonding, adsorption, agglomeration, sedimentation and other modes.
(2) The di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate used in the invention is an anionic surfactant, can obviously reduce the surface tension of water, and has better permeability and wettability; the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is a surfactant with good activity, contains a plurality of hydrophilic groups, can wet coal dust more easily, can form a uniform and stable dispersion system for liquid, reduces the surface tension of water, and better achieves the dust settling effect; the sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane is a novel dust suppressant, the sodium alginate is a main chain grafted epoxy chloropropane, the sodium alginate contains a large amount of-COO-, can show polyanion behavior in an aqueous solution and has certain adhesiveness, and after the epoxy chloropropane is grafted, the molecular chain of the sodium alginate stretches, so that the hydrophilicity of coal dust is improved; the cocoamidopropyl betaine amphoteric surfactant has good compatibility with anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants, has obvious thickening and wetting effects, can infiltrate the surface of coal dust to increase the dust fall rate; the dodecyl glucoside is a green surfactant with comprehensive performance, is nontoxic and harmless, has good foamability and no gel phenomenon, and can better bond coal dust; span 80 is a good emulsifier, and can be mixed with various surfactants to increase the concentration of liquid. After the dust suppressant with high coagulability is dissolved in water according to a certain proportion, the coagulability and moisture retention of dust in the air are improved, the settling speed and the like are improved, the dust settling rate is better, and the cost is reduced.
(3) The dust suppressant prepared by the invention has small dust contact angle, high viscosity, no toxicity and no harm to human bodies and environment, good wind erosion resistance effect and obvious dust suppression effect after actual measurement, can effectively capture and stick dust particles, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant, and in order to make the advantages and technical scheme of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is described in detail by combining specific embodiments.
The raw materials selected by the invention can be purchased from commercial sources.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin, which is selected by the invention, comprises the following steps: the preparation method is characterized by taking sodium alginate as a raw material, DMSO as an initiator, xanthan gum as a grafting monomer, epichlorohydrin as a cross-linking agent and NaOH as a neutralizing agent, and preparing the xanthan gum by adopting a graft polymerization method after the sodium alginate and the xanthan gum are completely dissolved. Of course, the specific conditions and the specific operating specifications required in the preparation process of the sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin can adopt related parameters in the prior art, and are not further described herein.
Example 1:
weighing according to the following quality standards respectively: 3kg of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 2.5kg of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.3kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5kg of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin, 1kg of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 5kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 1kg of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 603 kg of tween, 10kg of dodecyl glucoside, 805 kg of span and 7kg of calcium chloride. The raw materials of the formula are added into 957.2kg of clean water, and the 1000kg of eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant is prepared after full mixing. The dust suppressant has excellent coagulation promoting performance and good water retention performance.
Wherein, in the formula, the percentage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 0.30% of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.25% of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.03% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.50% of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.1% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.50% of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.1% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 600.3% of tween, 1% of dodecyl glucoside, 800.5% of span, 0.7% of calcium chloride and the balance of water.
The preparation method thereof is based on the prior art.
Example 2:
weighing according to the following quality standards respectively: 2.5kg of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 3kg of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6kg of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin, 1.5kg of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 3.5kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 602 kg of tween, 15kg of dodecyl glucoside, 804 kg of span and 8kg of calcium chloride. The raw materials of the formula are added into 952kg of clear water, and the 1000kg of eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant is prepared after full mixing. The dust suppressant has excellent coagulation promoting performance and good water retention performance.
Wherein, in the formula, the percentage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 0.25% of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.30% of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.05% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.6% of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.15% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.35% of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.2% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 600.2% of tween, 1.5% of dodecyl glucoside, 800.4% of span, 0.8% of calcium chloride and the balance of water.
The preparation method thereof is based on the prior art.
Example 3:
weighing according to the following quality standards respectively: 2.8kg of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 2.6kg of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.4kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5.5kg of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 1.4kg of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 4kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 1.5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 602.5 kg of tween, 13kg of dodecyl glucoside, 804.5 kg of span and 7.5kg of calcium chloride. The raw materials of the formula are added into 954.3kg of clean water, and the 1000kg of eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant is prepared after full mixing. The dust suppressant has excellent coagulation promoting performance and good water retention performance.
Wherein, in the formula, the percentage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 0.28% of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.26% of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.04% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.55% of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.14% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.40% of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.15% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 600.25% of tween, 1.3% of dodecyl glucoside, 800.45% of span, 0.75% of calcium chloride and the balance of water.
The preparation method thereof is based on the prior art.
Example 4:
weighing according to the following quality standards respectively: 2kg of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 3kg of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.1kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 6.8kg of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.8kg of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 5kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 603.2 kg of tween, 4kg of dodecyl glucoside, 806 kg of span and 6kg of calcium chloride. The raw materials of the formula are added into 962.6kg of clean water, and the 1000kg of eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant is prepared after full mixing. The dust suppressant has excellent coagulation promoting performance and good water retention performance.
Wherein, in the formula, the percentage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 0.2 percent of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.3 percent of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.01 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.68 percent of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.08 percent of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.50 percent of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.05 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 600.32 percent of tween, 0.4 percent of dodecyl glucoside, 800.6 percent of span, 0.6 percent of calcium chloride and the balance of water.
The preparation method thereof is based on the prior art.
Example 5:
weighing according to the following quality standards respectively: 3.5kg of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 1kg of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.8kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4kg of sodium alginate grafted epichlorohydrin, 2kg of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 3kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 601 kg of tween, 20kg of dodecyl glucoside, 803 kg of span and 8kg of calcium chloride. The raw materials of the formula are added into 951.7kg of clean water, and the 1000kg of eco-friendly high-coagulability dust suppressant is prepared after full mixing. The dust suppressant has excellent coagulation promoting performance and good water retention performance.
Wherein, in the formula, the percentage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 0.35% of di-sec-octyl maleate sodium sulfonate, 0.1% of lauryl alcohol ether phosphate, 0.08% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.4% of sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane, 0.2% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.3% of cocamidopropyl betaine, 0.2% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 600.1% of tween, 2% of dodecyl glucoside, 800.3% of span, 0.8% of calcium chloride and the balance of water.
The preparation method thereof is based on the prior art.
The dust suppressant prepared in example 1, example 2 and example 3 was tested on site on a fully mechanized coal mining face of a certain coal mine, and the dust concentrations of the dust suppressant in the case that the face was sprayed without any dust-proof measure, only with clean water and after the dust suppressant is added to clean water in the examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were measured, as shown in table 1, table 1 is the dust data measured on the fully mechanized coal mining face when different measures were taken.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the dust suppressing agents prepared in examples 1,2 and 3 have improved average fall rates of all dusts and exhaled dusts on the working surface compared with clean water: 15.9 percent and 11.3 percent, 19.8 percent and 16.8 percent, 25.8 percent and 27.1 percent, improves the dust settling efficiency, and has great progress compared with the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. An eco-friendly dust suppressant is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the balance of water;
the sodium alginate grafted epoxy chloropropane is prepared by using sodium alginate as a raw material, DMSO as an initiator, xanthan gum as a grafting monomer, epoxy chloropropane as a cross-linking agent and NaOH as a neutralizing agent and adopting a graft polymerization method after the sodium alginate and the xanthan gum are completely dissolved.
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CN112574713A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 河南省碧易克实业有限公司 | Dust inhibitor |
CN113399449B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-09-09 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Environment-friendly reinforcing method for inhibiting dust emission in heavy metal polluted site |
CN114106774A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 滨州学院 | Preparation and application of strong-permeability and moisture-increasing material for coal seam water injection |
CN115627154B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-12-29 | 山东科技大学 | Sawdust-based high-water-absorption dust suppression material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115851232B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2024-04-26 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-wettability dust suppressant and preparation method thereof |
CN117567988B (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-03-26 | 太原理工大学 | High-efficiency railway coal high-speed transportation dust suppressant capable of being quickly coagulated at low temperature and preparation method thereof |
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CN104531076A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Wet-type water-retaining property dustfall agent |
CN105778867A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-20 | 山东科技大学 | Permeability-increasing and coagulation-accelerating wetting agent for wet-type dust control |
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