CN109964807B - Method for cultivating upright ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line - Google Patents
Method for cultivating upright ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating a three-line sterile line of vertical ear type black rice, which introduces genes for controlling the vertical ear character into a black glutinous three-line sterile line of hybrid rice by a hybridization and backcross breeding method to breed the black glutinous three-line sterile line with the vertical ear character. The prepared hybrid rice combination has the advantages of fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, good economic character, good taste and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a method for cultivating an erect panicle black glutinous rice three-line sterile line, and belongs to the technical field of special rice breeding.
Background
As the first big grain crop in China, the rice makes great contribution to solving the problem of grain safety in China and improving the health level of people. In recent years, with the rapid development of economy in China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the dietary structure of urban and rural residents is changed, and the requirement of people on rice is changed from being full in the past to being good to eat at present and healthy. The black rice is a colored rice with black skin, is eaten by brown rice, has higher nutritive value compared with the common rice, has richer and more reasonable contents of protein, amino acid and fatty acid, contains more physiological active substances such as zinc, iron, manganese, selenium, germanium, calcium, phosphorus, flavone, alkaloid, chancroid, cyanine 3-glucoside and the like which are essential to human bodies, and rich vitamins B1, B2, B3, D, E and nicotinic acid, has certain medicinal value, and can also be used as raw materials for brewing wine, extracting haematochrome and making fragrant beverages, so the seed selection of the black rice has wide application prospect. At present, most of the black rice varieties are farmer varieties, the number of the hybrid rice varieties is small, and most of the black rice hybrid rice has poor cultivation characteristics, high plants, poor rice blast resistance and lodging resistance, poor fertilizer resistance, low seed setting rate, high amylose content and poor taste. The rice ear type group of the vertical ear type has reasonable structure, ecological conditions such as illumination intensity, temperature, humidity and the like of the canopy are superior, the fertilizer and lodging resistance is favorably improved, the pollen transmission is favorably realized by the vertical ear type sterile line, and the outcrossing seed setting rate is improved. The vertical spike gene, especially the dominant vertical spike gene, is transferred into the black glutinous three-line sterile line with better taste by hybridization and backcross methods, and the black rice hybrid rice with fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, good economic character and excellent quality can be bred by matching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of a vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line, and black rice hybrid rice with fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, good economic character and excellent quality is bred through combination.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a breeding method of a vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B as a female parent to be hybridized with a black glutinous rice male parent, backcrossing the first generation of hybrid seeds with a glutinous rice maintainer line B7-8 generation, and breeding the black glutinous rice maintainer line B which contains black seed coats and has other characters consistent with the three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B;
(2) hybridizing the black glutinous rice maintainer line B obtained in the step (1) serving as a female parent and a vertical ear type variety serving as a male parent to obtain F1 generation seeds; selfing the F1 generation to obtain F2 generation seeds;
(3) planting F2 generation segregation population, selecting rice plants with upright ear type and excellent agronomic character, bagging, selfing, marking, shelling to obtain brown rice after maturity, and keeping brown rice with glutinous rice character;
(4) selecting upright ear type black glutinous rice plants which have excellent agronomic characters and can keep the characteristics of the three-line sterile line rice variety from the selfing progeny for continuous multi-generation selfing to obtain stable upright ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer lines with excellent agronomic characters;
(5) carrying out paired test crossing on the erect panicle black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line of the step (4) as a male parent and a common black glutinous rice three-line sterile line; selecting sterile plants from test cross progeny, and backcrossing the sterile plants with the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line;
(6) taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line as a recurrent male parent, and taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice sterile line from the backcross progeny to carry out continuous multi-generation backcross with the recurrent male parent to obtain the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line.
In the breeding material adopted by the invention, the vertical ear variety is a vertical ear rice variety 259, and the vertical ear character is controlled by dominant genes. In the process of cultivating the black glutinous rice three-line sterile line, the adopted three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B is Jianong wx2B, the black glutinous rice variety is duck blood glutinous, and the black glutinous rice three-line sterile line is blood black A (Juncai, Xiaoyeqing, Chengzhou and the like, a complete set of three lines of black rice is just reported, Jiangxi agriculture bulletin, 2000).
The above four varieties are introduced by the research institute of rice, academy of agricultural sciences of Fujian province, the subject of the patent applicant, and have excellent agronomic characters.
The vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line and sterile line with excellent agronomic characters can be obtained by selecting the hybridization and backcross of the blood black A and the black glutinous rice B with the vertical 259.
Before breeding the three-line sterile line of the vertical ear black glutinous rice, a three-line maintainer line with stable characters is obtained, when the three-line maintainer line of the vertical ear black glutinous rice is bred, a method combining self-crossing and test crossing is adopted, directional selection is carried out through continuous multi-year and multi-generation self-crossing, and after the progeny plants are stable, fertile vertical ear black glutinous rice lines with excellent agronomic characters and capable of keeping the sterile characteristics of the three-line sterile line are screened to be used as maintainer lines.
The said feature of maintaining sterility of three-line rice is that the hybrid F1 between plant and three-line sterile rice is completely aborted.
The agronomic characters include moderate plant height, stout stems, short sword leaves and large spikes.
When the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line is bred, the total generation number of the general selfing is 7-8, preferably 8.
In the process of breeding the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line, in order to save time, a method of self-crossing and backcross of a maintainer line is adopted, namely, the maintainer line is subjected to single-plant tagging from the fourth generation and is hybridized with the sterile line, backcross (tagging single-plant selfing) is carried out, and the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line with excellent agronomic characters is obtained through 6-7 generations of backcross.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has the effects that the gene for controlling the upright ear character is introduced into the black glutinous three-line sterile line of the hybrid rice by a hybridization and backcross breeding method to breed the black glutinous three-line sterile line with the upright ear character, the plant height of the sterile line is moderate, the stem is thick and strong, the outcrossing maturing rate is high, and the three-line hybrid rice prepared by the sterile line can improve the seed production yield of the hybrid rice, reduce the production cost and reduce the environmental pollution. The prepared hybrid rice combination has the advantages of fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, good economic character, good taste and the like.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Selecting a three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B as a female parent to be hybridized with a black glutinous rice male parent, backcrossing the first generation of hybrid seeds with a glutinous rice maintainer line B7-8 generation, and breeding the black glutinous rice maintainer line B which contains black seed coats and has other characters consistent with the three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B;
(2) hybridizing the black glutinous rice maintainer line B obtained in the step (1) serving as a female parent and a vertical ear type variety serving as a male parent to obtain F1 generation seeds; selfing the F1 generation to obtain F2 generation seeds;
(3) planting F2 generation segregation population, selecting rice plants with upright ear type and excellent agronomic character, bagging, selfing, marking, shelling to obtain brown rice after maturity, and keeping brown rice with glutinous rice character;
(4) selecting upright ear type black glutinous rice plants which have excellent agronomic characters and can keep the characteristics of the three-line sterile line rice variety from the selfing progeny for continuous multi-generation selfing to obtain stable upright ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer lines with excellent agronomic characters;
(5) carrying out paired test crossing on the erect panicle black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line of the step (4) as a male parent and a common black glutinous rice three-line sterile line; selecting sterile plants from test cross progeny, and backcrossing the sterile plants with the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line;
(6) taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line as a recurrent male parent, and taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice sterile line from the backcross progeny to carry out continuous multi-generation backcross with the recurrent male parent to obtain the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line.
The three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B is Jianong wx 2B; the vertical ear type variety is a vertical ear rice variety 259; the black glutinous rice is duck blood glutinous rice; the sterile line of the black glutinous rice three lines is Xuehai A.
Example 2
Breeding of vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line
1) Selecting a three-line glutinous rice maintainer line Jianong wx2B as a female parent to be hybridized with duck blood glutinous rice, backcrossing the first hybrid generation with Jianong wx2B, and breeding a BC1F1 single plant which contains black seed coats and has other characters similar to Jianong wx 2B; and planting BC1F1, backcrossing with Jianong wx2B again, and after 8 generations of backcrossing, breeding a stable black glutinous rice maintainer line B which contains black seed coats and has other characters consistent with Jianong wx 2B.
2) Hybridizing the bred black glutinous rice maintainer line B serving as a male parent with the vertical spike 259 to obtain 50 hybrid seeds of the F1 generation;
3) planting 36 hybrid F1 plants, selfing, and harvesting F2 after maturation;
4) planting 5000 plants of F2 segregation population, performing upright ear character identification after ear aligning (measuring ear neck curvature after 15 days of ear aligning, using the included angle between the connecting line of the sword leaf rested on the ear tip and the extending line of the stem as the standard of ear angle, and the ear neck curvature is less than 40 degrees as upright ear), selecting a rice plant brand mark with upright ear character, harvesting seeds of single plant in mature period, and harvesting F3 seeds of 158 single plants with excellent agronomic character;
5) husking the F3 seeds obtained in the step 4) to obtain brown rice, and selecting black rice and brown rice grains with the characteristics of sticky rice;
6) planting 5) obtaining F3, and selecting 72 single plants which have erect panicle character, excellent agronomic character and most similar to the black glutinous rice maintainer line B from the F3;
6) planting F4, and selecting 12 upright ear type black glutinous rice single plants which have excellent agronomic characters and are completely aborted;
7) after plants obtained by screening selfing progeny are continuously selfed for 4 generations, testing crossing is carried out by taking the Xuehai A as a female parent, a black glutinous rice material which is upright in spike shape, moderate in plant height, thick and strong in stem and completely abortive in testing crossing with the Xuehai A is selected as a three-line black glutinous rice maintainer line material, and a stable three-line black glutinous rice maintainer line can be obtained after 8 continuous generations of selfing and is named as upright black glutinous rice B.
Example 3
Breeding the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line:
1) planting the upright black glutinous rice B of F8 (namely the three-line maintainer line bred in the example 2), selecting the best 1 single plant, and carrying out paired test cross with the blood black A;
2) planting all test cross plants in the step 1), selecting 5 excellent vertical ear type black glutinous rice sterile plants, and backcrossing with a vertical ear type black glutinous rice maintainer line of F9 to obtain BC1F1 seeds;
3) planting BC1F1, selecting 5 excellent vertical ear type black glutinous rice sterile plants, and backcrossing with F10 vertical ear type black glutinous rice maintainer lines to obtain BC2F1 seeds;
4) planting BC2, performing pollen microscopic examination on the sterile plants, strictly selecting the sterile plants, and backcrossing 5 excellent single plants with the F11 vertical ear black glutinous rice maintainer line to obtain BC3F1 seeds;
5) repeating the step 4) until obtaining BC5F1 seeds, planting BC5F1, performing pollen microscopic examination on the sterile plants, strictly selecting 5 sterile plants, backcrossing the sterile plants with an F13 upright ear type black glutinous rice maintainer line to obtain BC6F1 seeds, simultaneously testing and crossing with a restorer line F min Zixiang, and preparing a hybridization combination;
6) and planting BC6F1, performing pollen microscopic examination on the sterile plant, identifying quality, disease resistance and combining ability, backcrossing with the F14 vertical ear black glutinous rice maintainer line, and breeding into a three-line sterile line named as vertical black glutinous rice A.
It is noted that in the breeding process of the three-line sterile line, the three-line maintainer line is not selfed continuously, and in fact, the three-line maintainer line has not undergone character separation, i.e. the three-line maintainer line is not selfed continuously, but the bred three-line maintainer line is directly used as a recurrent male parent.
The sterile line bred in the steps has moderate plant height, thick and strong stem and high outcrossing seed setting rate, the seed production yield of the hybrid rice can be improved by using the sterile line to prepare the three-line hybrid rice, each hectare can reach 3-4 tons, meanwhile, as the ear neck is upright, the shielding of the leaves to the ear is reduced, the leaves do not need to be cut during seed production, and the labor and the time are saved; reduces the requirement of nine two 0, and reduces the pollution to the environment. The prepared hybrid rice combination has the advantages of fertilizer resistance, lodging resistance, good economic character, good taste and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for cultivating a vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B as a female parent to be hybridized with a black glutinous rice male parent, and backcrossing the first hybrid seed generation and the three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B through 7-8 generations to breed the black glutinous rice maintainer line B which contains black seed coats and has other characters consistent with the three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B;
(2) hybridizing the black glutinous rice maintainer line B obtained in the step (1) serving as a female parent and a vertical ear type variety serving as a male parent to obtain F1 generation seeds; selfing the F1 generation to obtain F2 generation seeds;
(3) planting F2 generation segregation population, selecting rice plants with upright ear type and excellent agronomic character, bagging, selfing, marking, shelling to obtain brown rice after maturity, and keeping brown rice with glutinous rice character;
(4) selecting upright ear type black glutinous rice plants which have excellent agronomic characters and can keep the characteristics of the three-line sterile line rice variety from the selfing progeny for continuous 6-7 generations to self-breed, and obtaining an upright ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line which is stable and has excellent agronomic characters;
(5) carrying out paired test crossing on the erect panicle black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line of the step (4) as a male parent and a common black glutinous rice three-line sterile line; selecting sterile plants from test cross progeny, and backcrossing the sterile plants with the vertical ear type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line;
(6) taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line maintainer line as a recurrent male parent, and taking the erect panicle type black glutinous rice sterile line from the backcross progeny to carry out continuous 6-7 generations of backcross with the recurrent male parent to obtain the erect panicle type black glutinous rice three-line sterile line;
the three-line glutinous rice maintainer line B is Jianong wx 2B; the vertical ear type variety is a vertical ear rice variety 259; the black glutinous rice is duck blood glutinous rice; the sterile line of the black glutinous rice three lines is Xuehai A.
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Citations (5)
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| CN103782901A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-14 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding erected-wheatear indica type three-line sterile line |
| CN104488699A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of erect panicle, long-stigma and elongated upmost internode two-line male sterile lines |
| CN104488700A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of CMS lines of purple-leaf rice, erect-ear rice, uppermost internode rice and glutinous rice |
| CN104488702A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of dual-purpose sterile lines of purple-leaf rice, erect-ear rice, uppermost internode rice and glutinous rice |
| CN104585019A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of erect panicle type long stigma and elongated upmost internode three-line sterile line |
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- 2019-03-29 CN CN201910246215.4A patent/CN109964807B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782901A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-05-14 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding erected-wheatear indica type three-line sterile line |
| CN104488699A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of erect panicle, long-stigma and elongated upmost internode two-line male sterile lines |
| CN104488700A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of CMS lines of purple-leaf rice, erect-ear rice, uppermost internode rice and glutinous rice |
| CN104488702A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-04-08 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of dual-purpose sterile lines of purple-leaf rice, erect-ear rice, uppermost internode rice and glutinous rice |
| CN104585019A (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2015-05-06 | 福建农林大学 | Breeding method of erect panicle type long stigma and elongated upmost internode three-line sterile line |
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