CN109916800A - A kind of method and system measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient - Google Patents
A kind of method and system measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient, comprising: obtains the volume of air data V in the room；Detect and persistently record the concentration C of the particulate matter in the roomin, detect and persistently record the particle concentration C outside the roomout；According to the concentration C of the particulate matter in room air volume data V, the roominAnd the particle concentration C outside roomout, calculation processing is carried out according to formula I and obtains particulate matter infiltration coefficient p；Wherein, k is natural subsidence coefficient, and Q is fresh air volume in room, and Qc is the air quantity of air purifier.The method and system of the measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient, by directly detecting CO in particle concentration inside and outside the room and room2Concentration, then by room particulate matter infiltration coefficient, simplification detection method is calculated, so that detection process is more convenient and testing result is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of particulate matter indoor and outdoor infiltration coefficient detection, and in particular to a kind of measurement room particle
The method and system of object infiltration coefficient.
Background technique
Epidemiological studies the result shows that, the exposure of particulate matter can lead to crowd's respiratory system and cardiovascular system disease
The disease incidence and the death rate of disease significantly increase.Therefore, it is necessary to indoor and outdoor particle concentration, especially PM2.5 concentration relationship
Quantitative study is carried out, to improve the accuracy of crowd PM2.5 exposure assessment result in epidemiological study.
Be used to reflect that the parameter of indoor and outdoor particle concentration relationship includes infiltration coefficient at present, infiltration coefficient refer to by outdoor into
Enter interior and keeps the particle concentration of suspended state and the ratio of outdoor particle concentration.Wherein infiltration coefficient is not by indoor dirty
The influence in dye source, and it is concerned only with the particulate matter for entering the room and keeping suspended state, it is the closest with healthy relationship, in prevalence
Disease learns most application value in research.
In the prior art, the method and system of room particulate matter infiltration coefficient can be measured without one kind.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient, solve above-mentioned existing
There is one or more in technical problem.
The present invention provides a kind of method for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient, comprising:
Obtain the volume of air data V in the room；
Detect and persistently record the concentration C of the particulate matter in the roomin, detect and persistently record outside the room
Grain object concentration Cout；
According to the concentration C of the particulate matter in the volume data V, the roominAnd the particle concentration outside room
Cout, calculation processing is carried out according to formula I and obtains particulate matter infiltration coefficient p；
Wherein, formula I is as follows:
Wherein, k is natural subsidence coefficient, and Q is fresh air volume in room, and Qc is the air quantity of air purifier.
It in some embodiments, further include CO in measurement room2Background concentration CCO2, m；
It detects and persistently records the CO in the room2Concentration；
According to CO in the volume data V, room2Background concentration CCO2, mAnd the CO in the room2Concentration, it is described
Q is obtained according to II calculation processing of formula；
Wherein, formula II is as follows:
Wherein, CCO2,0For CO in room2Initial measurement concentration, CCO2, tFor CO in t moment room2Measurement concentration.Wherein,
Background concentration CCO2, mTo measure the interior CO of anterior chamber2Concentration.
In some embodiments, the test period of this method is 30-40 minutes.Use CO2Concentration calculation room in
Fresh air volume effective time be 30-40 minutes.
In some embodiments, comprising:
First detection device, second detection device and it is connected with first detection device and the second detection device
The processor connect；
First detection device is placed in the room, for detecting and persistently to record the room endoparticle object dense
Degree is according to Cin, and in record by the room endoparticle object concentration data CinIt is sent to the processor；
The second detection device is placed in the room, for detecting and persistently to record particulate matter outside the room dense
Degree is according to Cout, and in record by particle concentration data C outside the roomoutIt is sent to the processor；
The processor is for receiving the room endoparticle object concentration data Cin, particle concentration data outside the room
CoutAnd the volume of air data V in the room, and according to the room endoparticle object concentration data Cin, outside the room
Grain object concentration data CoutAnd the volume of air data V in the room, calculation processing is carried out by formula I and obtains particulate matter infiltration
Saturating coefficient p；
Wherein, formula I is as follows:
Wherein, the system also includes air purifiers, for purify air quantity net for the speed of Qc after measurement starts
Change the particulate matter in the room.
In some embodiments, the first detection device includes the first PM2.5Sensor, the first data acquisition module and
First wireless transport module, first data acquisition module and the first PM2.5Sensor communication connection, first nothing
Line transmission module, first data acquisition module are connect with the processor communication；
The second detection device includes the 2nd PM2.5Sensor, the second data acquisition module and the second wireless transmission mould
Block, second data acquisition module and the 2nd PM2.5Sensor communication connection, second wireless transport module and institute
State the communication connection of the second data acquisition module；
Second wireless transport module and first wireless transport module communication connection.
It in some embodiments, further include third detection device, the third detection device is placed in the room,
For detecting and persistently recording CO in the room2Concentration data, and in record by CO in the room2Concentration data is sent
To the processor；
The processor is for receiving CO in the room2CO in concentration data and room2Background concentration CCO2, m, and root
According to CO in the room2CO in concentration data and room2Background concentration CCO2, m, calculation processing is carried out by formula II and obtains room
Interior fresh air volume Q；
Wherein, formula II is as follows:
Wherein, CCO2,0For CO in room2Initial measurement concentration, CCO2, tFor CO in t moment room2Measurement concentration,
For the background concentration in room.
In some embodiments, third detection device is CO2Sensor, the CO2Sensor is adopted with first data
Collect module communication connection.
In some embodiments, the test period of the system is 30-40 minutes.Use CO2Concentration calculation room in
Fresh air volume effective time be 30-40 minutes.
The utility model has the advantages that a kind of method and system of measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient of the embodiment of the present invention, by straight
It connects and detects CO in particle concentration inside and outside the room and room2Concentration, then by room particulate matter infiltration coefficient is calculated,
Simplification detection method, so that detection process is more convenient and testing result is more accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of one embodiment of method of present invention measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of system of present invention measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient；
The lower infiltration coefficient calculated result of Fig. 3 operating condition 1；
The lower infiltration coefficient calculated result of Fig. 4 operating condition 2；
The lower infiltration coefficient error calculated line of Fig. 5 operating condition 1 and standard deviation；
The lower infiltration coefficient error calculated line of Fig. 6 operating condition 2 and standard deviation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples.Following embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate this
The performance of invention, and the following examples cannot be limited only to.
The embodiment of the present invention is to measure under Natural Convection Conditions to the infiltration coefficient of room particulate matter, wherein certainly
Right convection current, which refers to, refers to no external driving force but the case where fluid still remains movement.
The particulate matter of the embodiment of the present invention refers to solid or liquid particles shape substance in atmosphere, has currently caused people's weight
Depending on particulate matter be divided into two classes: PM2.5 (fine particle) and PM10 (pellet), diameter is no more than 2.5 microns,
It is the 1/60 of human hair's diameter, the latter is then coarseer, and the particulate matter object detected in the present embodiment and other embodiments can be with
It is PM2.5 or PM10 or other particulate matter types, does not do excessive limitation herein.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of one embodiment of method of present invention measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient,
The method specifically includes the following steps:
S100 obtains the volume of air data V in the room, and measures CO in room2Background concentration CCO2, m；
Wherein, the volume of air data V in room be the room actual volume subtract be placed in one object (such as equipment,
Furniture, seat etc.) volume data；
S200 is detected and is persistently recorded the CO in the room2Concentration；
S300 is according to CO in the volume data V, room2Background concentration CCO2, mAnd the CO in the room2Concentration,
The Q is obtained according to II calculation processing of formula；
Wherein, formula II is as follows:
Wherein, CCO2,0For CO in room2Initial measurement concentration, CCO2, tFor CO in t moment room2Measurement concentration.Wherein,
Background concentration CCO2, mTo measure the interior CO of anterior chamber2Concentration.
Wherein, fresh air volume, which refers to, introduces indoor fresh air from outdoor by window crack between a door and its frame, is different from indoor return air, I
State's standard GB/T/T18883-2002 regulation, fresh air volume are no less than 30m3/h people.And the indoor fresh air amount of the present embodiment
Solution, be to pass through CO2Decaying carry out Equivalent Conversion, specific method such as step S300.
S400 is detected and is persistently recorded the concentration C of the particulate matter in the roomin, detect and persistently record outside the room
Particle concentration Cout；
S500 is according to the concentration C of the particulate matter in the volume data V, the roominAnd the particulate matter outside room is dense
Spend Cout, calculation processing is carried out according to formula I and obtains particulate matter infiltration coefficient p；
Wherein, formula I is as follows:
Wherein, k is natural subsidence coefficient, and Q is fresh air volume in room, and Qc is the air quantity of air purifier.
Wherein, V is volume of air (constant/m3), C is the concentration (mg/m of indoor particle pollutant3), it is the testing time
(h), p is particulate matter penetrating coefficient (dimensionless number), CoutFor outdoor particulate pollutant concentration (mg/m3), CinFor indoor particle dirt
Contaminate object concentration (mg/m3), Q is indoor fresh air amount (CAF, m3/ h), Qc is the air quantity (m of air purifier3/ h), k is oneself of room
Right sedimentation rate (dimensionless number).
Wherein, Qc is the air quantity of air purifier, i.e. air purifier is used for after measurement starts to purify air quantity as Qc
Speed purify the particulate matter in the room.
Wherein, document is relevant research shows that natural subsidence rate k is mainly by particulate matter itself, indoor wall surface and indoor ring
The influence of the factors such as border wind speed.It can be approximately considered that indoor air velocity is very low under natural convection, so the structure when building is certain
When, corresponding to sedimentation rate k should also be definite value, the particulate matter natural subsidence rate k of common civil buildings object is on the left side 0:0.5
It is right.
Wherein, the test period of this method is 30-40 minutes.Use CO2Concentration calculation room in fresh air volume have
Imitating the time is 30-40 minutes.
Method validation:
It is 600ppm that measurement, which has obtained room background concentration, and by completion method, we are arranged room initial measurement concentration and are
1230ppm, every the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room of measurement in five minutes, after 30 minutes, we measure and obtain room
Measurement concentration is 1180ppm finally.Thus we calculate the ventilation rate substantially 0.167h for learning room-1, fresh air in room
Amount is about 3.17m3。
It under low operating condition (operating condition 1) and high operating condition (operating condition 2), is calculated, wherein low operating condition is the wind of air purifier
Measure (Qc=106m3/ h), middle-grade operating condition is the air quantity (Qc=158m of air purifier3/h)。
According to formula (I), solved using the method for iteration and exhaustion, since particulate matter penetrating coefficient is greater than 0
Coefficient, for the rule rationally studied, we reject the data in the calculated result as caused by data fluctuations, we are in terms of
For calculating result, final result is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 3,4, the initial stage due to the value of natural subsidence coefficient it is different so that initially being counted in infiltration coefficient
The calculation stage, data fluctuations major part was the process variable of calculating there are certain fluctuation.After experiment tends to balance, it can be obtained steady
Fixed amount of convergence.Due to house structure it is known that thus under fixed operating condition, the particulate matter penetrating coefficient in house should be that it is solid
There is attribute, therefore we may determine that, what converged state was calculated should be effective.
In order to control the random error of data, we by averaging method handle converged state p, calculate the error line of p with
And standard deviation is as shown in figs. 5 and 6.
From Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 it is found that under low operating condition (Qc=106m3/ h) when, the particulate matter penetrating coefficient of converged state is put down
Mean value is 0.8084, and standard deviation 0.0256, global error is within 0.05.(the Qc=158m under middle-grade operating condition3/ h) when, it receives
The average value for holding back the particulate matter penetrating coefficient in stage is 0.9336, and standard deviation 0.0112, global error is within 0.04.It is above-mentioned
It is smaller that calculated result shows that model in converged state integrally fluctuates and calculate deviation, as a result relatively stable.
Read up the literature the calculating empirical equation given in common engineering for particulate pollutant:
In above formula, Ci=Cin(t=0), Cf=Cin(t=∞), a is rate of ventilation.Wherein, rate of ventilation a can pass through formula
(II) deformationIt acquires, rate of ventilation k can be by acquiring formula (III) nonlinear regression.But for formula (IV), this patent Shen
Experiment please is to be controlled by air purifier interior, so for measured Cf, it will be substantially less that ideal certainly
Measured value in the case of right convection current.
In the case where building structure and relatively fixed atmospheric environment, the ventilation rate in room and particulate pollutant from
Right sedimentation rate should be constant, therefore we can equally estimate feelings of the house in ideal free convection of present patent application experiment
Particulate matter penetrating coefficient under condition.According to formula (IV), in empirical equation under two experiment conditions can be calculated in we
The penetrating coefficient of grain pollutant.The calculated result that its result establishes model with this method is verified, relevant calculated result
And uncertainty inspection result is shown in Table 1.As it can be seen from table 1 the calculated result of this method model built and document experience
Formulae results are not much different, within an acceptable range.
Table 1
But literature research is shown, natural subsidence coefficient k, vulnerable to the influence of the factors such as indoor air velocity, pressure difference, this table
It is bright under the operating condition of non-ideal free convection, natural subsidence coefficient k have very high sensibility, show document provide it is general
Calculating robustness of the empirical equation under unconventional operating condition is poor, is not suitable in the experiment condition of present patent application.
Therefore in the mathematical model that present patent application is established, we pass throughCoefficient k is constrained, and with
Indoor particle pollutant gradually decays to quasi-static equilibrium stage, just hasThis means that even if can not be marked to k
It is fixed, but as attenuation curve gradually tends to balance, the calculated result of particulate pollutant infiltration coefficient will also tend to restrain, naturally heavy
The unstability of drop coefficient k can not have an impact the calculated result of formula (I).
It examines and calculated result is as shown in Figure 5 to Figure 6.As can be seen from the figure the calculating for the method that present patent application is established
As a result finally tend to restrain, and it is little to calculate residual difference, it is seen then that calculated result is little by natural subsidence index impacts.
Present patent application establishes the solving model of particulate matter infiltration coefficient based on the decaying of indoor particle pollutant, passes through
It calculates, infiltration coefficient can converge to formula (V) in the quasi-static equilibrium stage of particulate matter decaying:
Fresh air volume Q is only related with the ventilation coefficient in room in formula (V), for a determining room, in free convection
Lower rate of ventilation is fixed constant, then fresh air volume Q is also fixed.For equation (V), p only with Qc andIt is related.This also means that the measurement result of infiltration coefficient p and the operating condition of measuring device of particulate pollutant and big
Compression ring border is related, and from another angle, the method that the application measures room particulate matter infiltration coefficient can be applied to a kind of survey
The system for measuring particulate matter infiltration coefficient.
Referring to the flow structure signal for one embodiment of system that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are present invention measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient
Figure.The system of measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient is placed in room, realizes nature pair by window gap 300 inside and outside the room
Stream.
The system include: the first detection device 100, second detection device 200 and with first detection device and institute
State the processor that second detection device is connected.
Its system further include: air purifier 400 is purified for purifying air quantity after measurement starts for the speed of Qc
Particulate matter in the room.
Specifically, the first detection device includes the first PM2.5Sensor 110, the first data acquisition module 130 and first
Wireless transport module, the first data acquisition module 130 and the first PM2.5Sensor 110 communicates to connect, and described first
Wireless transport module, first data acquisition module 130 are connect with the processor communication；
The second detection device includes the 2nd PM2.5Sensor 210, the second data acquisition module 220 and second is wireless
Transmission module, the second data acquisition module 220 and the 2nd PM2.5Sensor 210 communicates to connect, and described second is wireless
Transmission module and second data acquisition module 220 communicate to connect；
Second wireless transport module and first wireless transport module communication connection.
It further include third detection device to measure fresh air volume Q, the third detection device is CO2Sensor 140, it is described
CO2Sensor 120 and first data acquisition module 130 communicate to connect.
Specific work process is as follows:
Taken outdoors device part is by the 2nd PM2.5Sensor 210, the second wireless transport module and based on STM32 second
Data acquisition module 220 forms.2nd PM2.5Sensor 210 obtains initial data, the second data acquisition module 220 during this period
Obtain the 2nd PM2.5Relevant treatment is carried out after the data of sensor 210 and obtains the content of outdoor PM2.5, and passes through the second wireless biography
Defeated module is sent to indoor processor.
Indoor acquisition device is by CO2Sensor 120, the first PM2.5Sensor 110, the first wireless transport module, the first number
It is formed according to acquisition module 130 and processor.CO2Sensor 120, the first PM2.5Sensor 110 obtains initial data during this period,
Relevant treatment is carried out after the data of first data acquisition module 130 acquisition the sensor, obtains indoor CO2And PM2.5
Content.The data that first data acquisition module 130 passes through measuring device in the first wireless module receiving chamber.
Processor carries out calculation processing after obtaining indoor and outdoor relevant parameter, obtains the infiltration coefficient of particulate matter.
The method and system of a kind of measurement room particulate matter infiltration coefficient of the embodiment of the present invention, by directly detecting room
CO in inside and outside particle concentration and room2Concentration simplifies detection side then by room particulate matter infiltration coefficient is calculated
Method, so that detection process is more convenient and testing result is more accurate.
The above statement is only preferred embodiment of the invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art, not
Under the premise of being detached from the invention design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these also should be regarded as protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient characterized by comprising
Obtain the volume of air data V in the room；
Detect and persistently record the concentration C of the particulate matter in the roomin, detect and persistently record the particulate matter outside the room
Concentration Cout；
According to the concentration C of the particulate matter in the volume data V, the roominAnd the particle concentration C outside roomout, root
Calculation processing, which is carried out, according to formula I obtains particulate matter infiltration coefficient p；
Wherein, formula I is as follows:
Wherein, k is natural subsidence coefficient, and Q is fresh air volume in room, and Qc is the air quantity of air purifier.
2. a kind of method for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include surveying
Measure CO in room2Background concentration CCO2, m；
It detects and persistently records the CO in the room2Concentration；
According to CO in the volume data V, room2Background concentration CCO2, mAnd the CO in the room2Concentration, the Q according to
II calculation processing of formula obtains；
Wherein, formula II is as follows:
Wherein, CCO2,0For CO in room2Initial measurement concentration, CCO2, tFor CO in t moment room2Measurement concentration.
3. a kind of method for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the method
Test period be 30-40 minutes.
4. a kind of system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient characterized by comprising
First detection device, second detection device and it is connected with first detection device and the second detection device
Processor；
First detection device is placed in the room, for detecting and persistently recording the room endoparticle object concentration numbers
According to Cin, and in record by the room endoparticle object concentration data CinIt is sent to the processor；
The second detection device is placed in the room, for detecting and persistently recording particle concentration number outside the room
According to Cout, and in record by particle concentration data C outside the roomoutIt is sent to the processor；
The processor is for receiving the room endoparticle object concentration data Cin, particle concentration data C outside the roomout
And the volume of air data V in the room, and according to the room endoparticle object concentration data Cin, particulate matter outside the room
Concentration data CoutAnd the volume of air data V in the room, calculation processing is carried out by formula I and obtains particulate matter infiltration system
Number p；
Wherein, formula I is as follows:
Wherein, the system also includes air purifiers, purify institute for purifying air quantity after measurement starts for the speed of Qc
State the particulate matter in room.
5. a kind of system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described first
Detection device includes the first PM2.5Sensor, the first data acquisition module and the first wireless transport module, first data
Acquisition module and the first PM2.5Sensor communication connection, first wireless transport module, first data acquisition module
Block is connect with the processor communication；
The second detection device includes the 2nd PM2.5Sensor, the second data acquisition module and the second wireless transport module,
Second data acquisition module and the 2nd PM2.5Sensor communication connection, second wireless transport module and described the
The communication connection of two data acquisition modules；
Second wireless transport module and first wireless transport module communication connection.
6. a kind of system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include the
Three detection devices, the third detection device are placed in the room, for detecting and persistently recording CO in the room2It is dense
Degree evidence, and in record by CO in the room2Concentration data is sent to the processor；
The processor is for receiving CO in the room2CO in concentration data and room2Background concentration CCO2, m, and according to institute
State CO in room2CO in concentration data and room2Background concentration CCO2,m, calculation processing is carried out by formula II and is obtained in room
Fresh air volume Q；
Wherein, formula II is as follows:
Wherein, CCO2,0For CO in room2Initial measurement concentration, CCO2, tFor CO in t moment room2Measurement concentration,For room
Interior background concentration.
7. a kind of system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the third
Detection device is CO2Sensor, the CO2Sensor and first data acquisition module communicate to connect.
8. a kind of system for measuring room particulate matter infiltration coefficient according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the system
Test period be 30-40 minutes.
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| CN110579366A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-17 | 中国家用电器研究院 | method for determining application area of fresh air purifier based on purification performance |
| CN113932382A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-14 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Air conditioner and air conditioner room size identification method |
| CN113932382B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2023-09-12 | 海信空调有限公司 | Air conditioner and air conditioning room size identification method |
| CN112344535A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fresh air control method, computer device and computer readable storage medium |
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