CN105158788B - The method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon - Google Patents
The method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, including measurement process and calculating process, analyzed by collecting indoor radon concentration ascending curve data to collection radon cover, existing computational methods are modified, and carry out the accurate precipitation rate of radon that simple computation can just obtain.Measurement process uses shorter time interval measurement, and both once, the n cycle of measurement tended to steady state value until the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber for measurement in 2 10 minutes.Calculating process by measure the obtained radon consistence data definition in n cycle for n the cycle midpoint radon consistence, recycling formula（7）Carry out nonlinear data fitting, it becomes possible to synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for nuclear radiation detection technical field measurement precipitation rate of radon, particularly a kind of same pacing of open loop type
The method for measuring Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon.
Background technology
Radon mostlys come from the precipitation of dielectric surface in air ambient, and the main method for measuring radon eduction rate on medium furface has
Accumulative, open loop type and active carbon adsorption etc..Active carbon adsorption is using absorption of the activated carbon to precipitation radon, by inhaling
γ spectrums caused by the radon decay being attached in activated carbon, which measure, obtains precipitation rate of radon, and this method time of measuring is long, is not easy to realize
Automation；Accumulative is mainly used for measuring the average precipitation rate of radon in a period of time, has important statistical significance and reference
Value, but it is not easy the change of continuous monitoring precipitation rate of radon.
Open loop type radon release rate method is that outside air is actively introduced to collection radon cover collecting chamber using pump, then passes through one
The measurement chamber of static collection emanometer is sent into after individual small drying tube, is measured from the dense of the Radon of collection radon cover collecting chamber extraction
Degree.The method of traditional open loop type measurement precipitation rate of radon all have ignored the influence of Effective Decay Constant, but research shows：When collection radon
When the ventilation rate of cover collecting chamber is unsatisfactory for being far longer than effective decay coefficient, measurement error is larger.Also there is method to utilize two at present
Secondary measurement obtains Effective Decay Constant, but more complicated.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of open loop type synchro measure and effectively decay
The method of constant and precipitation rate of radon.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, bag
Measurement process and calculating process are included, is analyzed by collecting indoor radon concentration ascending curve data to collection radon cover, to existing
Computational methods are modified, and carry out the accurate precipitation rate of radon that simple computation can just obtain.Its concrete operations is as follows：
First, measurement process：
Opening collection radon cover is buckled on the surface of testing medium, or testing medium is loaded in closed collection radon cover collecting chamber,
Because the radon atom in testing medium is being spread with seepage effect, escaping surface into collection radon cover collecting chamber, cause to collect radon cover
Indoor radon concentration change is collected, the air inlet of the air in the external world from collection radon cover is pumped into collection radon cover with constant flow rate always and collected by pump
Room, with collection radon cover collecting chamber in air be well mixed after, then from collect radon cover gas outlet be pumped into drying tube, be then fed into electrostatic
The measurement chamber of collecting method emanometer, 0.5-15 liters/min of flow velocity so that the radon consistence of emanometer measurement intracavitary is collected with collection radon cover
Indoor radon consistence balance, flowmeter are used for measuring flow.
Measurement process use shorter time interval measurement, both 2-10 minutes measure once, measurement n cycle until collection radon
Radon consistence in cover collecting chamber tends to steady state value.
2nd, calculating process：
Because the flow rate of pump is larger, radon consistence and the radon in collection radon cover collecting chamber of static collection emanometer measurement intracavitary
Concentration is equal, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
Static collection emanometer measures the radon consistence C of intracavitary（t）For：
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；S be collection radon cover collecting chamber floor space, square measure cm2；V is collection radon
Cover collects building volume, and volume unit is liter；L is the flow rate of pump；For the decay coefficient of Effective Decay Constant, including radon, collection
Radon cover collects the leadage coefficient of Indoor NitonWith back-diffusion coefficient；T is the time of collection radon.
WhenWhen, and collect the radon consistence in radon cover collecting chamber when tending to steady state value, i.e.,, radon analysis
Extracting rate just can be by formula（1）Change obtains：
(2)
Formula（2）It is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula（1）It can be rewritten as：
（3）
Formula（3）Solution be：
（4）
For static collection emanometer, it is actual measure be Po-218 caused by radon decay concentration, for Po-
218 concentration CPo(t) have：
(5)
By formula（4）Bring formula into（5）：
（6）
Initial p o-218 concentration is 0, formula（6）Solution be：
（7）
By measure the obtained radon consistence data definition in n cycle for n the cycle midpoint radon consistence, recycling formula（7）
Carry out nonlinear data fitting, it becomes possible to synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement apparatus that the above method uses is by collection radon cover, pump, drying tube, static collection emanometer and flowmeter group
Into, the gas outlet joint for collecting radon cover is connected by the air inlet of pipeline and pump, and the gas outlet of pump is connected by pipeline with drying tube,
The air inlet that the other end of drying tube measures chamber by pipeline with static collection emanometer is connected, and static collection emanometer is surveyed
The gas outlet for measuring chamber is connected by the air inlet of pipeline and flowmeter, and the gas outlet of flowmeter passes through pipeline and outside air phase
It is logical.
Collecting radon cover includes opening collection radon cover and closed collection radon cover.
Opening collection radon cover is the rectangular vessel of a bottom end opening, and the top plate of opening collection radon cover is provided with air inlet connections,
Its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint.
Closed collection radon cover includes the rectangular vessel and sealing plate of a bottom end opening, and the top plate of rectangular vessel is provided with air inlet
Mouthful joint, its side plate are provided with gas outlet joint, and the openend of sealing plate and rectangular vessel uses mode connects for screw, passes through sealing plate
The openend of rectangular vessel is closed.
The present invention has following features compared with prior art：
Compared with the method for the invention for measuring precipitation rate of radon with traditional open loop type, by collecting indoor radon concentration to collection radon cover
Ascending curve data are analyzed, and existing computational methods are modified, and carry out simple computation can just obtain it is calibrated
True precipitation rate of radon, measurement process and computational methods are simple, as a result accurately.
The detailed construction of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic diagram when being measured using opening collection radon cover, and P1 is air inlet in figure, and P2 is air inlet；
Accompanying drawing 2 is to use the closed schematic diagram collected when radon cover measures, and P1 is air inlet in figure, and P2 is air inlet.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon,
Including measurement process and calculating process, analyzed by collecting indoor radon concentration ascending curve data to collection radon cover, to existing
Computational methods be modified, and carry out the accurate precipitation rate of radon that simple computation can just obtain.Its concrete operations is as follows：
First, measurement process：
Opening collection radon cover 1 is buckled on the surface of testing medium 6, due to the radon atom in testing medium 6 in diffusion with oozing
Under stream effect, effusion surface enters the collecting chamber of opening collection radon cover 1, causes opening collection radon cover 1 to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump 2
The air in the external world is pumped into by opening collection radon cover collecting chamber from the air inlet of opening collection radon cover with constant flow rate always, with opening collection radon
Cover air in 1 collecting chamber it is well mixed after, then from the gas outlet of opening collection radon cover 1 be pumped into drying tube 3, be then fed into electrostatic receipts
The measurement chamber of collection method emanometer 4,0.5-15 liters/min of flow velocity so that emanometer 4 measures the radon consistence and opening collection radon cover of intracavitary
Radon consistence balance in 1 collecting chamber, flowmeter 5 are used for measuring flow.
Measurement process use shorter time interval measurement, both 2-10 minutes measure once, measure n cycle until opening
Radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber tends to steady state value.
2nd, calculating process：
Because the flow rate of pump 2 is larger, the radon consistence that static collection emanometer 4 measures intracavitary is collected with opening collection radon cover 1
Indoor radon consistence is equal, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
Static collection emanometer 4 measures the radon consistence C of intracavitary（t）For：
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；S be the collecting chamber of opening collection radon cover 1 floor space, square measure cm2；V
Building volume is collected for opening collection radon cover 1, volume unit is liter；L is the flow rate of pump；For Effective Decay Constant, including radon declines
Become constant, the leadage coefficient of the collection Indoor Niton of opening collection radon cover 1With back-diffusion coefficient；T is the time of collection radon.
WhenWhen, and when the radon consistence being open in the collecting chamber of collection radon cover 1 tends to steady state value, i.e.,,
Precipitation rate of radon just can be by formula（1）Change obtains：
(2)
Formula（2）It is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula（1）It can be rewritten as：
（3）
Formula（3）Solution be：
（4）
For static collection emanometer 4, it is actual measure be Po-218 caused by radon decay concentration, for Po-
218 concentration CPo(t) have：
(5)
By formula（4）Bring formula into（5）：
（6）
Initial p o-218 concentration is 0, formula（6）Solution be：
（7）
By measure the obtained radon consistence data definition in n cycle for n the cycle midpoint radon consistence, recycling formula（7）
Carry out nonlinear data fitting, it becomes possible to synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement apparatus that the above method uses is by opening collection radon cover 1, pump 2, drying tube 3, static collection emanometer 4 and stream
Gauge 5 is formed, and the gas outlet joint of opening collection radon cover 1 is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of pump 2, and the gas outlet of pump 2 passes through pipe
Road is connected with drying tube 3, and the other end of drying tube 3 is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer 4,
The gas outlet that static collection emanometer 4 measures chamber is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of flowmeter 5, the gas outlet of flowmeter 5
Communicated by pipeline with outside air.
Opening collection radon cover 1 is the rectangular vessel of a bottom end opening, and the top plate of opening collection radon cover is provided with air inlet connections
1-2, its side plate are provided with gas outlet joint 1-1.
Embodiment two, as shown in Figure 2, a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon,
Including measurement process and calculating process, analyzed by collecting indoor radon concentration ascending curve data to collection radon cover, to existing
Computational methods be modified, and carry out the accurate precipitation rate of radon that simple computation can just obtain.Its concrete operations is as follows：
First, measurement process：
Testing medium 8 is loaded in the closed collecting chamber of collection radon cover 7, due to the radon atom in testing medium 8 in diffusion with oozing
Under stream effect, effusion surface enters the closed collecting chamber of collection radon cover 7, causes closed collection radon cover 7 to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump 2
The air inlet of the air in the external world from closed collection radon cover 7 is pumped into by the closed collecting chamber of collection radon cover 7 with constant flow rate always, with closed collection
After air in radon cover collecting chamber is well mixed, then from the gas outlet of closed collection radon cover 7 drying tube 3 is pumped into, is then fed into electrostatic
The measurement chamber of collecting method emanometer 4,0.5-15 liters/min of flow velocity so that emanometer 4 measures the radon consistence of intracavitary and closed collection radon
The radon consistence balance in 7 collecting chambers is covered, flowmeter 5 is used for measuring flow.
Measurement process use shorter time interval measurement, both 2-10 minutes measure once, measurement n cycle until collection radon
Radon consistence in cover collecting chamber tends to steady state value.
2nd, calculating process：
Because the flow rate of pump 2 is larger, static collection emanometer 4 measures the radon consistence of intracavitary and closed collection radon cover 7 is collected
Indoor radon consistence is equal, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
Static collection emanometer 4 measures the radon consistence C of intracavitary（t）For：
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；S is the floor space of the closed collecting chamber of collection radon cover 7, square measure cm2；V
Building volume is collected for closed collection radon cover 7, volume unit is liter；L is the flow rate of pump；For Effective Decay Constant, including radon declines
Become constant, the leadage coefficient of the closed collection Indoor Niton of collection radon cover 7With back-diffusion coefficient；T is the time of collection radon.
WhenWhen, and when the radon consistence in the closed collecting chamber of collection radon cover 7 tends to steady state value, i.e.,,
Precipitation rate of radon just can be by formula（1）Change obtains：
(2)
Formula（2）It is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula（1）It can be rewritten as：
（3）
Formula（3）Solution be：
（4）
For static collection emanometer 4, it is actual measure be Po-218 caused by radon decay concentration, for Po-
218 concentration CPo(t) have：
(5)
By formula（4）Bring formula into（5）：
（6）
Initial p o-218 concentration is 0, formula（6）Solution be：
（7）
By measure the obtained radon consistence data definition in n cycle for n the cycle midpoint radon consistence, recycling formula（7）
Carry out nonlinear data fitting, it becomes possible to synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement apparatus that the above method uses is by closed collection radon cover 7, pump 2, drying tube 3, static collection emanometer 4 and stream
Gauge 5 is formed, and the gas outlet joint 7-1-1 of closed collection radon cover 7 is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of pump 2, and the gas outlet of pump 2 leads to
Piping is connected with drying tube 3, and the other end of drying tube 3 measures the air inlet of chamber by pipeline and static collection emanometer 4
Connection, the gas outlet that static collection emanometer 4 measures chamber are connected by pipeline with the air inlet of flowmeter 4, and flowmeter 4 goes out
Gas port is communicated by pipeline with outside air.
Closed collection radon cover 7 includes the rectangular vessel 7-1 and sealing plate 7-2 of a bottom end opening, rectangular vessel 7-1 top plate
Air inlet connections 7-1-2 is provided with, its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint 7-1-1, and sealing plate 7-2 opens with rectangular vessel 7-1's
Mouth end uses mode connects for screw, is closed rectangular vessel 7-1 openend by sealing plate 7-2.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, including measurement process and calculating process,
Analyzed by collecting indoor radon concentration ascending curve data to collection radon cover, existing computational methods are modified, gone forward side by side
The accurate precipitation rate of radon that row simple computation can just obtain；Its concrete operations is as follows：
First, measurement process：
Opening collection radon cover is buckled on the surface of testing medium, or testing medium is loaded in closed collection radon cover collecting chamber, due to
Radon atom in testing medium enters collection radon cover collecting chamber in diffusion with seepage effect, escaping surface, causes collection radon cover to be collected
Indoor radon concentration changes, and the air inlet of the air in the external world from collection radon cover is pumped into collection radon cover collecting chamber by pump with constant flow rate always,
With collection radon cover collecting chamber in air be well mixed after, then from collection radon cover gas outlet be pumped into drying tube, be then fed into electrostatic receive
The measurement chamber of collection method emanometer, 0.5-15 liters/min of flow velocity so that the radon consistence of emanometer measurement intracavitary and collection radon cover collecting chamber
Interior radon consistence balance, flowmeter are used for measuring flow；
Measurement process uses shorter time interval measurement, i.e. 2-10 minutes measure once, and the n cycle of measurement is until collecting radon cover
Radon consistence in collecting chamber tends to steady state value；
2nd, calculating process：
Because the flow rate of pump is larger, radon consistence and the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber of static collection emanometer measurement intracavitary
Equal, outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0；
Static collection emanometer measures the radon consistence C of intracavitary（t）For：
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon；S be collection radon cover collecting chamber floor space, square measure cm2；V receives for collection radon cover
Collect building volume, volume unit is liter；L is the flow rate of pump；For the decay coefficient of Effective Decay Constant, including radon, collect radon cover
Collect the leadage coefficient of Indoor NitonWith back-diffusion coefficient；T is the time of collection radon；
WhenWhen, and collect the radon consistence in radon cover collecting chamber when tending to steady state value, i.e.,, precipitation rate of radon
Just can be by formula（1）Change obtains：
(2)
It is characterized in that：Formula（1）It can be rewritten as：
（3）
Formula（3）Solution be：
（4）
For static collection emanometer, it is actual measure be Po-218 caused by radon decay concentration, for Po-218's
Concentration CPo(t) have：
(5)
By formula（4）Bring formula into（5）：
（6）
Initial p o-218 concentration is 0, formula（6）Solution be：
（7）
By measure the obtained radon consistence data definition in n cycle for n the cycle midpoint radon consistence, recycling formula（7）Carry out
Nonlinear data fitting, it becomes possible to synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
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