CN109880575B - Waterborne polyurethane adhesive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Waterborne polyurethane adhesive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waterborne polyurethane adhesive, which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight of 100 percent: 8-18% of polyhydroxy compound, 6-12% of acid, 7-18% of diisocyanate compound, 17% of chain extender, 8-15% of polyamine compound, 5-8% of cross-linking agent, 5% of auxiliary agent and 30-45% of water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane adhesive. The waterborne polyurethane adhesive disclosed by the invention has better initial adhesion, hydrolysis resistance and wettability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile packaging composite films, in particular to a water-based polyurethane adhesive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyurethane materials are a kind of multipurpose synthetic resins with various product forms, and in recent 20 years, with the rapid expansion of product varieties, application fields and industrial scale, polyurethane becomes one of the fastest-developing polymer synthetic material industries and gradually forms the position of the sixth synthetic material in the world at present. In recent years, polyurethane materials in China are the fastest growing rate in the world, and the specific gravity of the polyurethane materials in synthetic resins is getting larger and larger. In the prior art, solvent type polyurethane adhesives are widely applied to various industries all the time, for example, in the composite flexible packaging industry of China, solvent type polyurethane adhesives are still widely applied, however, a large amount of used organic solvents have the risks of high volatility, strong smell, flammability and explosiveness, cause pollution to air, cause the problems of food safety and environmental pollution, along with the improvement of living standard, people pay more attention to safety and environmental sanitation, and the use of solvent type polyurethane adhesives is necessarily limited. In addition, in the flexible packaging industry, dry compounding is mainly used, and the problem of solvent residue exists, so that the safety problem exists.
The water-based polyurethane adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive without solvent odor and taking water as a diluent, has the characteristics of no pollution and safety, and gradually becomes the main stream of the market of the adhesive. However, the viscosity of the aqueous adhesive is low, so that the initial viscosity is poor, and the composite strength is low; the surface tension of water is high, so that the wetting capacity of the base material is low during coating, and the coating operation is difficult to perform well; in addition, the hydrolysis resistance is low, the water resistance is poor, and the hydrolysis is difficult to effectively prevent; these disadvantages seriously affect their use in the coating field.
In recent years, various enterprises have developed water-based polyurethane adhesives to solve the above disadvantages, but the other properties are reduced, and it is difficult to obtain a water-based polyurethane adhesive with good comprehensive properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention is to provide an aqueous polyurethane adhesive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the obtained aqueous polyurethane adhesive has good initial adhesion, hydrolysis resistance and wettability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the waterborne polyurethane adhesive comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight of 100 percent:
in the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the polyol compound includes one or a combination of more of polyester diol, polyether diol and small molecular polyol.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, the polyester diol may be a substance commonly used in the art; preferably, the polyester diol includes polycaprolactone diol and/or castor oil, but is not limited thereto.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, the polyether glycol may be a commonly used substance known in the art; preferably, the polyether glycol includes polyoxypropylene glycol, but is not limited thereto.
In the above waterborne polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the small molecule polyol includes one or a combination of several of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Trimethylolpropane (TMP), and the like.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the polyol is ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, when the polyol is ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, the ratio of ethylene glycol to propylene glycol is preferably 5: 1.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the acid includes one or a combination of adipic acid, terephthalic acid, succinic anhydride, and the like.
In the above waterborne polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the diisocyanate compound includes one or a combination of several of aromatic diisocyanate (TDI, MDI), Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).
In the above waterborne polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the diisocyanate compound includes TDI, MDI, HDI, H12One or more of MDI and IPDI.
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the chain extender is an acetone solution formed by mixing one of 1, 4-butanediol, ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol with dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA).
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, the polyamine preferably includes one or a combination of more of triethylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and the like.
In the above waterborne polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the crosslinking agent includes one or more of polycarbodiimide, triethanolamine, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, and hexamethoxymethylene melamine resin (HMMM).
In the above aqueous polyurethane adhesive, preferably, the auxiliary agent includes one or a combination of several of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, talc powder, mica powder, aluminum oxide, stannous octoate, triethylene diamine, carbodiimide, and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane adhesive, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and stirring a polyhydroxy compound and acid, heating to perform a polyester reaction, and dehydrating and cooling in vacuum to obtain polyester polyol;
mixing polyester polyol and a diisocyanate compound for reaction, measuring the content of NCO in the reaction process, and cooling when the content is constant to obtain a prepolymer;
mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender, a polyamine compound and water, and reacting under a vacuum condition to obtain a water-based polyurethane emulsion;
and mixing and reacting the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane adhesive.
The vacuum condition refers to that the vacuum degree is less than 0.5 Mpa.
The waterborne polyurethane adhesive disclosed by the invention does not contain a solvent and is an environment-friendly adhesive. The waterborne polyurethane adhesive disclosed by the invention is internally and externally crosslinked, and has good initial adhesion. The waterborne polyurethane adhesive prepared from the aliphatic isocyanate has good hydrolysis resistance. The polycarbodiimide and the like are crosslinking agents, can play a role in crosslinking, have the function of hydrolysis resistance and stability, and can improve the hydrolysis resistance of the adhesive. Triethanolamine and the like are catalytic cross-linking agents, so that the curing speed can be improved, and the adhesive has higher initial viscosity. The auxiliary agents such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are surfactants, so that the surface tension can be reduced, and the wetting capacity, namely the coating property, can be improved.
The invention has the outstanding effects that:
the waterborne polyurethane adhesive disclosed by the invention has better initial adhesion, hydrolysis resistance and wettability.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a waterborne polyurethane adhesive, which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
polyhydroxy compound (polyether diol 5%, propylene glycol 5%),
acid (6% of adipic acid),
diisocyanate compound (TDI 5%, MDI 5%),
chain extender (DMPA with the content of 10wt percent and acetone solution of 1, 4-butanediol with the content of 7 percent),
polyamine compound (triethylamine, 12%)
Cross-linking agent (polycarbodiimide, 6%)
Auxiliary agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5%)
Water (34%).
The aqueous polyurethane adhesives of the present commercial examples were prepared by:
mixing polyhydroxy compound and acid at 30-50 deg.C, stirring, heating for polyester reaction, vacuum dehydrating at 120 deg.C for 2 hr, and cooling to room temperature to obtain yellowish viscous liquid to obtain polyester polyol;
mixing polyester polyol with diisocyanate compound (N)2Atmosphere) mixing reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, the reaction time is 3-4h, the NCO content is measured in the reaction process, and when the content is constant, the reaction is cooled to room temperature to obtain transparent liquid, namely prepolymer;
mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender, a polyamine compound and water, vacuumizing to a vacuum degree of less than 0.5Mpa, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion;
and mixing and reacting the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane adhesive.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a waterborne polyurethane adhesive, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
polyhydroxy compounds (polyether diol 4%, propylene glycol 3%, polyester diol, 1%),
acid (8% of adipic acid),
diisocyanate compounds (TDI 6%, MDI 5%),
chain extender (DMPA with the content of 10wt percent and acetone solution of 1, 4-butanediol with the content of 7 percent),
polyamine compound (triethylamine, 9%,)
Cross-linking agent (polycarbodiimide, 7%)
Auxiliary agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5%)
Water (35%).
The aqueous polyurethane adhesives of the present commercial examples were prepared by:
mixing polyhydroxy compound and acid at 30-50 deg.C, stirring, heating for polyester reaction, vacuum dehydrating at 120 deg.C for 2 hr, and cooling to room temperature to obtain yellowish viscous liquid to obtain polyester polyol;
mixing polyester polyol with diisocyanate compound (N)2Atmosphere) mixing reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, the reaction time is 3-4h, the NCO content is measured in the reaction process, and when the content is constant, the reaction is cooled to room temperature to obtain transparent liquid, namely prepolymer;
mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender, a polyamine compound and water, vacuumizing to a vacuum degree of less than 0.5Mpa, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion;
and mixing and reacting the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, a cross-linking agent and an auxiliary agent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane adhesive with internal cross-linking. In the embodiment, compared with the embodiment 1, the oligomer triol is added, so that the viscosity of the adhesive is improved, and the initial viscosity is increased.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a waterborne polyurethane adhesive, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
polyhydroxy compounds (polyether diol 3%, propylene glycol 2%, polyester diol 3%),
acid (10% of adipic acid),
diisocyanate compounds (TDI 4%, MDI 3%, IPDI 2%, HDI 3%),
chain extender (DMPA with the content of 10wt percent and acetone solution of 1, 4-butanediol with the content of 7 percent),
polyamine compound (triethylamine, 10%)
Cross-linking agent (polycarbodiimide, 8%)
Auxiliary agent (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5%)
Water (30%).
The aqueous polyurethane adhesives of the present commercial examples were prepared by:
mixing polyhydroxy compound and acid at 30-50 deg.C, stirring, heating for polyester reaction, vacuum dehydrating at 120 deg.C for 2 hr, and cooling to room temperature to obtain yellowish viscous liquid to obtain polyester polyol;
mixing polyester polyol with diisocyanate compound (N)2Atmosphere) mixing reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, the reaction time is 3-4h, the NCO content is measured in the reaction process, and when the content is constant, the reaction is cooled to room temperature to obtain transparent liquid, namely prepolymer;
mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender, a polyamine compound and water, vacuumizing to a vacuum degree of less than 0.5Mpa, and stirring for reaction for 3 hours to obtain an aqueous polyurethane emulsion;
and mixing and reacting the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane adhesive. Compared with example 2, the diisocyanate is not all aromatic isocyanate, but is a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic diisocyanates such as TDI, MDI, IPDI, HDI and the like, and the adhesive with better hydrolysis resistance can be prepared.
The aqueous polyurethane adhesives obtained in examples 1 to 3 were tested for the composite strength by coating test using a PET/CPP substrate as an example. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the table, the prepared adhesive has low viscosity and excellent low-temperature coating property; has good initial viscosity and wettability; has good peel strength and hydrolysis resistance, and can maintain good peel strength after cooking.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The waterborne polyurethane adhesive is composed of the following raw material components in percentage by weight of 100 percent:
8 to 18 percent of polyhydroxy compound,
6 to 12 percent of acid,
7 to 18 percent of diisocyanate compound,
17 percent of chain extender,
8 to 15 percent of triethylamine,
5 to 8 percent of cross-linking agent,
5 percent of auxiliary agent,
30% -45% of water;
the polyhydroxy compound comprises a combination of polyester diol and/or polyether diol and small molecular polyol;
the waterborne polyurethane adhesive is prepared by the following preparation method:
mixing and stirring a polyhydroxy compound and acid, heating to perform a polyester reaction, and dehydrating and cooling in vacuum to obtain polyester polyol;
mixing polyester polyol and a diisocyanate compound for reaction, measuring the content of NCO in the reaction process, and cooling when the content is constant to obtain a prepolymer;
mixing the prepolymer with a chain extender, triethylamine and water, and reacting under a vacuum condition to obtain a waterborne polyurethane emulsion;
and mixing and reacting the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, the cross-linking agent and the auxiliary agent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane adhesive.
2. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the polyester diol comprises polycaprolactone diol.
3. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the polyether glycol includes polyoxypropylene glycol.
4. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the micromolecular polyalcohol comprises one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and trimethylolpropane.
5. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 4, wherein: the small molecular polyol is ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol.
6. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 5, wherein: when the small molecular polyol is ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, the ratio of ethylene glycol to propylene glycol =5: 1.
7. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the acid comprises one or more of adipic acid, terephthalic acid and succinic anhydride.
8. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the diisocyanate compound comprises one or a combination of more of aromatic diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.
9. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 8, wherein:the diisocyanate compound comprises TDI, MDI, HDI and H12One or more of MDI and IPDI.
10. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the chain extender is an acetone solution formed by mixing one of 1, 4-butanediol, glycol and diglycol with dimethylolpropionic acid.
11. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the cross-linking agent comprises one or more of polycarbodiimide, triethanolamine, glycerol polyglycidyl ether and hexamethoxy methylene melamine resin.
12. The aqueous polyurethane adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, talcum powder, mica powder, aluminum oxide, stannous octoate, triethylene diamine and carbodiimide.
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| CN111718682A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 顶立新材料科技有限公司 | Single-component high-heat-resistance vacuum-absorption plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN113736062A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-03 | 烟台宜彬新材料科技有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane emulsion for nylon fastener tape and preparation method thereof |
| CN113930206A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-14 | 东莞市扬涛包装材料有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant adhesive and preparation method and application thereof |
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