CN109879136B - Safety elevator - Google Patents
Safety elevator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879136B CN109879136B CN201910124433.0A CN201910124433A CN109879136B CN 109879136 B CN109879136 B CN 109879136B CN 201910124433 A CN201910124433 A CN 201910124433A CN 109879136 B CN109879136 B CN 109879136B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety elevator which comprises a rack, a driving mechanism, a steel wire rope brake, a cross chain, a steel wire rope, a lift car, a counterweight pulley and a lift car pulley, wherein the driving mechanism and the steel wire rope brake are installed on the rack, the steel wire rope brake comprises a first steel wire rope brake and a second steel wire rope brake, the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the lift car pulley is installed on the lift car, the counterweight pulley is installed on the counterweight, two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed on the rack, the steel wire rope penetrates through the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake and sequentially bypasses the counterweight pulley, a driving wheel and the lift car pulley, and two ends of the cross chain are respectively fixed on the rack and sequentially bypasses the counterweight pulley, the driving mechanism and the lift car pulley. The invention drives the cross chain and brakes the steel wire rope, has simple structure and low installation, maintenance and repair cost, and ensures the safe reliability of the elevator operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevator design, in particular to a safety elevator.
Background
The elevator is a permanent transportation device which serves a plurality of specific floors in a building, the car of the elevator runs on a rigid track which is vertical to the horizontal plane, and with the continuous development of the modern society, the elevator increasingly goes deep into the lives of people, and the accurate stopping and safe running of the elevator are important problems which need to be solved urgently.
The traditional elevator adopts the friction transmission of a steel wire rope and a traction sheave to drive a lift car and a counterweight to ascend and descend, and the driving and the braking are both acted on the steel wire rope. After the steel wire rope is abraded, the driving force is reduced, the steel wire rope slips, the elevator car is braked by the safety tongs of the speed limiter, the structure is complex, the installation, maintenance and maintenance costs are high, the speed limiter runs for a long time, after the traction steel wire rope is in friction with the speed limiting wheel, the friction coefficient is reduced, the friction force is reduced, the slipping is generated, the resistance is increased when the safety tongs brake, the braking effect is poor, when the elevator goes wrong at overspeed, the safety tongs cannot brake, the elevator is easy to have accidents, and the safety and reliability are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety elevator, which separates driving from braking and can solve the problems of complex elevator structure, high installation, maintenance and maintenance costs, unstable driving and brake failure caused by the fact that the driving and the braking act on a steel wire rope.
According to one aspect of the invention, the safety elevator is characterized by comprising a rack, a driving mechanism, a steel wire rope brake, a cross chain, a steel wire rope, a lift car, a counterweight pulley and a lift car pulley, wherein the driving mechanism and the steel wire rope brake are installed on the rack, the steel wire rope brake comprises a first steel wire rope brake and a second steel wire rope brake, the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the lift car pulley is installed on the lift car, the counterweight pulley is installed on the counterweight, two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed on the rack, the steel wire rope sequentially penetrates through the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake and sequentially bypasses the lift car pulley, a driving wheel and the counterweight pulley, and two ends of the cross chain are respectively fixed on the rack and sequentially bypass the counterweight pulley, the driving mechanism and the lift car pulley.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cross chain and the two ends of the steel wire rope are both arranged on the frame, the cross chain sequentially bypasses the counterweight pulley, the driving mechanism and the car pulley, and the steel wire rope firstly bypasses the car pulley, then passes through the first steel wire rope brake, then bypasses the driving wheel, then passes through the second steel wire rope brake and bypasses the counterweight pulley. When the elevator runs, the driving mechanism drives the cross chain to move, and the cross chain drives the lift car and the balance weight to move through the lift car pulley and the balance weight pulley. The first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake are electrified and opened, so that the elevator ascends or descends. When the elevator brakes, the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake are powered off, the driving mechanism stops running, and the cross chain cannot drive the lift car and the counterweight to move. The first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake simultaneously, and the steel wire ropes passing through the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake are clamped tightly, so that the stop of the elevator is realized. The arrangement of the car pulley and the counterweight pulley is convenient for the cross chain to drive the car and the counterweight to move up and down, so that the sensitivity and the operation efficiency of the elevator are improved. The invention separates driving and braking, the driving acts on the cross chain, and the braking acts on the steel wire rope, thereby solving the safety problem that the traditional elevator steel wire rope is easy to cause the brake not in place after being driven and braked. The elevator safety protection device is simple in structure and low in installation, maintenance and repair cost, and the safety and reliability of elevator operation are guaranteed.
In some embodiments, the driving mechanism comprises a traction machine and a driving wheel, the driving wheel is mounted on the traction machine, a cross chain mounting position is arranged on the driving wheel, horizontal grooves and vertical grooves are formed in the cross chain mounting position at intervals in the circumferential direction, and adjacent horizontal grooves and vertical grooves are perpendicular to each other in the circumferential direction. The arrangement of the horizontal groove and the vertical groove can facilitate the installation of the cross chain on the driving wheel, and the traction machine can conveniently drive the cross chain to rotate.
In some embodiments, the cross chain is comprised of a plurality of horizontal links for engaging the horizontal channels and a plurality of vertical links for engaging the vertical channels, which are interleaved. The cross chain can be tightly arranged on the driving wheel, and the probability of the cross chain disengaging from the driving wheel is reduced.
In some embodiments, the driving wheel is provided with two circular arc grooves along the circumferential direction, the two circular arc grooves are parallel, the two steel wire ropes are matched with the two circular arc grooves respectively. The steel wire rope can be ensured to be tightly arranged on the driving wheel, and the steel wire rope is prevented from being separated from the driving wheel. The two steel wire ropes can improve the traction and braking capacity of the elevator and improve the safety and stability of the operation of the elevator.
In some embodiments, the first wire rope brake comprises a housing, an electromagnetic push rod, a brake body, an inclined plate, a first spring and a first spring seat, wherein the electromagnetic push rod and the first spring seat are mounted on the housing, one end of the first spring is connected with the first spring seat, the other end of the first spring is connected with the brake body, the brake body and the inclined plate are mounted in the housing, the shape and the position of the brake body and the position of the inclined plate are matched, and the structure of the second wire rope brake is the same as that of the first wire rope brake. After the electromagnetic push rod is electrified, the brake body is pushed, moves upwards and compresses the first spring, at the moment, the brake body is opened, the steel wire rope is loosened, and the lift car can ascend or descend under the driving of the cross chain. When the electromagnetic push rod is powered off, the compressed first spring is stretched to reset to push the brake body to move downwards, at the moment, the brake body is closed, the steel wire rope is clamped, the elevator is braked, the lift car stops, and the elevator stops.
In some embodiments, the housing is provided with an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a side cover plate, the electromagnetic push rod is mounted on the lower cover plate, the first spring seat is mounted on the upper cover plate, one end of the inclined plate is connected with the side cover plate, and the other end of the inclined plate is connected with the lower cover plate. The electromagnetic push rod is arranged on the lower cover plate, so that the electromagnetic push rod can be conveniently fixed on the shell. The first spring seat is installed on the upper cover plate and fixedly connected with the shell, the first spring seat can bear the compression force generated when the first spring is compressed, and when the first spring is reset, the first spring seat provides a counterforce to the first spring to help the first spring to reset. One end of the inclined plate is connected with the side cover plate, and the other end of the inclined plate is connected with the lower cover plate. A triangle is formed among the inclined plate, the side cover plate and the lower cover plate, so that the inclined plate is more stable.
In some embodiments, the brake body is provided with a fixed clip, a movable clip and a second spring, the movable clip is provided with a roller and an inclined plane, the inclined plane is matched with the inclined plane, the roller is arranged on the inclined plane and can roll on the inclined plane, one end of the movable clip is connected with the electromagnetic push rod, and the other end of the movable clip is connected with the first spring. When the movable card is pushed by the electromagnetic push rod, the inclined surface of the movable card rolls along the inclined plate, so that the movable card can move conveniently, and the braking sensitivity of the elevator is improved. When the power is off, the movable clamp is reset by the extension of the first spring, so that the automatic reset brake is realized when the elevator is braked, and the accuracy of the elevator brake is improved. When the elevator has an overspeed accident, the fixed clamp and the movable clamp the steel wire rope to realize normal braking, if the elevator car continuously slides downwards in an overspeed state, a first spring of the first steel wire rope brake extends in an overspeed state to push the movable clamp to continuously move downwards after resetting, so that the fixed clamp and the movable clamp the steel wire rope to prevent the elevator car from sitting at the bottom; if the lift car is overloaded and rushes up, the first spring of the second steel wire rope brake extends in an overspeed state, the movable clamp is dragged to continue moving downwards after resetting, so that the fixed clamp and the movable clamp the steel wire rope, the counterweight is prevented from sliding downwards, and the lift car is prevented from rushing upwards and jacking.
In some embodiments, the fixed clip is installed in the housing, a gap is formed between the fixed clip and the movable clip, and one end of the second spring is connected with the fixed clip and the other end is connected with the movable clip. The fixing clip is arranged in the shell and fixed together with the shell, and when the second spring resets, the fixing clip is fixed, and the second spring pulls the movable clip back to reset. The steel wire rope is positioned in a gap between the fixed clamp and the movable clamp, and when the braking body brakes, the fixed clamp and the movable clamp tightly press the gap to clamp the steel wire rope, so that the elevator brakes.
In some embodiments, the elevator further comprises two buffers, and the two buffers vertically correspond to the car and the counterweight respectively. Two buffers respectively correspond with car and counter weight vertically, can play the effect of buffering to car or counter weight when the unexpected trouble of elevator appears and falls, reduce the impact force of car or counter weight to the bottom surface, protect passenger's safety in the car.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a safety elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of a safety elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a drive mechanism of a safety elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drive sheave and a rope brake of a safety elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a braking body of a safety elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the safety elevator of the present invention, a traction machine 21, a driving wheel 22, a first wire rope brake 3, and a second wire rope brake 4 are respectively fixedly mounted on a frame 1 by bolts, the first wire rope brake 3 and the second wire rope brake 4 are bilaterally symmetric to each other, a car pulley 11 is fixedly mounted on a car 7 by bolts, a counterweight pulley 10 is fixedly mounted on a counterweight 8 by bolts, both ends of a wire rope 6 are respectively welded on the frame 1, and both ends of a cross chain 5 are respectively welded and fixed on the frame 1. The two buffers 9 are both mounted at the bottom of the frame 1 through bolts, and the two buffers 9 respectively correspond to the bottom centers of the counterweight 8 and the car 7.
The driving wheel 22 is mounted on the traction machine 21 through a bearing, a cross chain mounting position is arranged on the driving wheel 22, horizontal grooves 221 and vertical grooves 222 are arranged on the cross chain mounting position at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the adjacent horizontal grooves 221 and vertical grooves 222 are perpendicular to each other along the circumferential direction. The cross chain 5 passes around the counterweight sheave 10, the drive pulley 22, and the car sheave 11. A plurality of horizontal chain links 51 and a plurality of vertical chain links 52 of the cross chain 5 are connected in a staggered manner, the horizontal chain links 51 are placed in the horizontal grooves 221, the vertical chain links 52 are placed in the vertical grooves 222, the cross chain 5 is fixed in the horizontal grooves 221 and the vertical grooves 222, the cross chain 5 cannot fall off in the driven process, and the normal operation of the elevator is guaranteed. When the traction machine 21 works, the traction machine can drive the driving wheel 22 to move, the driving wheel 22 drives the cross chain 5 installed on the cross chain installation position to rotate, so that the car pulley 11 and the counterweight pulley 10 which are wound by the cross chain 5 are driven, and the car 7 and the counterweight 8 are driven to move up and down.
Two arc grooves 223 are further formed in the driving wheel 22 in the circumferential direction, the two arc grooves 223 are parallel, and two steel wire ropes 6 are respectively placed in the two arc grooves 223. For the purpose of indicating the circular arc groove 223, a steel cord 6 is not shown in fig. 3. The wire rope 6 passes first around the car pulley 11, then through the first wire brake 3, then around the drive pulley 22, then through the second wire brake 4, and around the counterweight pulley 10.
The electromagnetic push rod 32 is mounted on the lower cover plate of the housing 31 through a bolt, the first spring seat 36 is mounted on the upper cover plate 311 of the housing 31 through welding, one end of the first spring 35 is connected with the first spring seat 36 in a welding mode, the other end of the first spring is connected with the movable clamp 332 in a welding mode, and the other end of the movable clamp 332 is connected with the electromagnetic push rod 32 in a welding mode. The fixing clip 331 is mounted on the side cover plate 313 of the case 31 by bolts, and one end of the swash plate 34 is welded to the side cover plate 313 and the other end is welded to the lower cover plate 312. The movable clamp 332 is provided with a slope 335, the roller 334 is mounted on the slope 335, and the roller 334 can roll along the inclined plate 34 to drive the movable clamp 332 to move along the inclined plate 34.
A gap exists between the fixed clamp 331 and the movable clamp 332, the steel wire rope 6 is located in the gap, one end of the second spring 333 is connected with the fixed clamp 331 in a welding mode, and the other end of the second spring 333 is connected with the movable clamp 332 in a welding mode. When the elevator is braked, the second spring 333 resets the movable clamp 332, and the fixed clamp 331 and the movable clamp 332 tightly press the steel wire rope 6 in the gap.
The working mode of the invention is as follows: when the safety elevator of the invention operates, the traction machine 21 drives the driving wheel 22 to rotate, the driving wheel 22 drives the cross chain 5 to move, and the cross chain 5 drives the car 7 and the counterweight 8 to ascend or descend through the car pulley 11 and the counterweight pulley 10. The electromagnetic push rod 32 of the first steel wire rope brake 3 and the second steel wire rope brake 4 is electrified, the electromagnetic push rod 32 pushes the movable clamp 332, the roller 334 of the movable clamp 332 rolls along the inclined plate 34, the movable clamp 332 moves along the inclined plate 343, the first spring 35 is compressed, the second spring 333 welded with the movable clamp 332 extends outwards, so that the movable clamp 332 is separated from the fixed clamp 331, the first steel wire rope brake 3 and the second steel wire rope brake 4 are opened simultaneously, the steel wire rope 6 is loosened, the steel wire rope 6 can pull the car 7 and the counterweight 8 to move up and down, and the ascending or descending of the elevator is realized
When the elevator is braked, the first steel wire rope brake 3 and the second steel wire rope brake 4 are powered off, the traction machine 21 stops running, the driving wheel 22 does not rotate any more, and the cross chain 5 cannot drive the car 7 and the counterweight 8 to move. The first steel wire rope brake 3 and the second steel wire rope brake 4 brake simultaneously, the electromagnetic push rod 32 is powered off and stops working, the first spring 35 is not compressed any more and returns to the original position, the first spring 35 pushes the movable clamp 332 to move downwards along the inclined plate 34, at the moment, the second spring 333 contracts and pulls the movable clamp 332 to retract, the movable clamp 332 and the fixed clamp 331 preliminarily clamp the steel wire rope 6, namely, the first steel wire rope brake and the second steel wire rope brake preliminarily brake the steel wire rope, and the stop of the elevator is realized.
When the elevator has an overspeed accident, the first steel wire rope brake 3 and the second steel wire rope brake 4 clamp the steel wire rope 6 to realize normal braking, if the car 7 continues to slide downwards, the first spring 35 of the first steel wire rope brake 3 in an overspeed state is stretched downwards, the first spring 35 pushes the movable clamp 332 to continue to move downwards, and the movable clamp and the fixed clamp 331 further clamp the steel wire rope 6 to prevent the elevator from sliding downwards to sit at the bottom. If the car 7 overshoots an overspeed, the counterweight 8 moves downwards in an overspeed manner, the first spring 35 of the second rope brake 4 in an overspeed state is stretched downwards, the first spring 35 pushes the movable clamp 332 to move downwards continuously, the movable clamp and the fixed clamp 331 further clamp the rope 6, the counterweight 8 is prevented from sliding downwards, and the car 7 is prevented from pushing upwards.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. Safety elevator, its characterized in that, including frame, actuating mechanism, first wire rope stopper, second wire rope stopper, cross chain, wire rope, car, counter weight pulley and car pulley, actuating mechanism, first wire rope stopper and second wire rope stopper are installed in the frame, first wire rope stopper sets up with second wire rope stopper bilateral symmetry, the car pulley is installed on the car, the counter weight pulley is installed on the counter weight, wire rope's both ends are fixed respectively in the frame, wire rope passes first wire rope stopper and second wire rope stopper in proper order to walk around car pulley, drive wheel and counter weight pulley in proper order, the both ends of cross chain are fixed respectively in the frame to walk around counter weight pulley, actuating mechanism and car pulley in proper order.
2. The safety elevator according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism includes a traction machine and a driving wheel, the driving wheel is mounted on the traction machine, a cross chain mounting position is provided on the driving wheel, horizontal grooves and vertical grooves are provided on the cross chain mounting position at intervals in a staggered manner in a circumferential direction, and adjacent horizontal grooves and vertical grooves are perpendicular to each other in the circumferential direction.
3. The safety elevator according to claim 2, wherein the cross chain is comprised of a plurality of horizontal links for engaging with the horizontal grooves and a plurality of vertical links for engaging with the vertical grooves that are interleaved.
4. The safety elevator according to claim 2, wherein the driving wheel is provided with two circular arc grooves along a circumferential direction, the two circular arc grooves are parallel, the two steel wire ropes are provided, and the two steel wire ropes are respectively matched with the two circular arc grooves.
5. The safety elevator according to claim 2, wherein the first wire rope brake comprises a housing, an electromagnetic push rod, a brake body, a sloping plate, a first spring and a first spring seat, the electromagnetic push rod and the first spring seat are mounted on the housing, one end of the first spring is connected with the first spring seat, the other end of the first spring is connected with the brake body, the brake body and the sloping plate are mounted in the housing, the shape and the position of the brake body and the sloping plate are matched, and the structure of the second wire rope brake is the same as that of the first wire rope brake and is symmetrically arranged.
6. The safety elevator according to claim 5, wherein the housing is provided with an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a side cover plate, the electromagnetic push rod is mounted on the lower cover plate, the first spring seat is mounted on the upper cover plate, and the swash plate is connected at one end thereof to the side cover plate and at the other end thereof to the lower cover plate.
7. The safety elevator according to claim 5, wherein the braking body is provided with a fixed clip, a movable clip and a second spring, the movable clip is provided with a roller and a slope, the slope is matched with the swash plate, the roller is installed on the slope and can roll on the swash plate, one end of the movable clip is connected with the electromagnetic push rod, and the other end of the movable clip is connected with the first spring.
8. The safety elevator according to claim 7, wherein the fixed clip is installed in the housing, a gap is provided between the fixed clip and the movable clip, and one end of the second spring is connected to the fixed clip and the other end is connected to the movable clip.
9. The safety elevator according to claim 1, further comprising two buffers, the two buffers vertically corresponding to the car and the counterweight, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910124433.0A CN109879136B (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | Safety elevator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910124433.0A CN109879136B (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | Safety elevator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109879136A CN109879136A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109879136B true CN109879136B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910124433.0A Active CN109879136B (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2019-02-19 | Safety elevator |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109879136B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111392553B (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-06-18 | 奥帝亚电梯有限公司 | Novel lift is used in construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1429173A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-07-09 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Elevator device |
| CN102947209A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-02-27 | 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator system |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08151180A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-11 | Fujita Corp | Elevator |
| JP3148610B2 (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 2001-03-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator equipment |
| WO1998029326A1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-09 | Kone Corporation | Elevator rope arrangement |
| JP4270051B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2009-05-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Elevator equipment |
| CN2820813Y (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2006-09-27 | 抚顺永茂工程机械有限公司 | Lift steel cable brake |
| CN2839230Y (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-22 | 罗海涛 | The elevator wire holder |
| CN1966387A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-23 | 何栢添 | Steel wire braking device |
| CN205114773U (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-03-30 | 绵阳科玛电梯配件有限公司 | Elevator without machine room |
| CN108100829A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-01 | 南通知航机电科技有限公司 | A kind of catenary suspension drive unit for lift |
| CN108545586A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-18 | 广东德奥电梯科技有限公司 | Elevator counterweight and car automatic-balancing system |
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2019
- 2019-02-19 CN CN201910124433.0A patent/CN109879136B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1429173A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-07-09 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Elevator device |
| CN102947209A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-02-27 | 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份有限公司 | Elevator system |
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Address after: 310020, 211 triumph Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Jianggan District Patentee after: Zhejiang Institute of Special Equipment Science Address before: 310020, 211 triumph Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Jianggan District Patentee before: ZHEJIANG PROVINCIAL SPECIAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION AND Research Institute |
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