CN109876918B - Preparation method of antimony oxide ore monomineral - Google Patents
Preparation method of antimony oxide ore monomineral Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of antimony oxide ore monomineral. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing antimony oxide ore to obtain crushed material; performing primary screening treatment on the crushed materials to obtain a first ore sample, a second ore sample and a third ore sample, wherein the particle sizes of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are sequentially reduced; respectively carrying out first ore grinding treatment on the first ore sample and the second ore sample to obtain a first ore grinding product; performing first gravity treatment on the first ground product to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings; respectively carrying out second ore grinding treatment on the first concentrate and the first middling to obtain a second ore grinding product; carrying out second reselection treatment on the second ground product to obtain a second concentrate, a second middling and a second tailing; and (4) carrying out secondary screening treatment on the second concentrate, wherein the screened product with the granularity larger than 0.0385mm is the antimony oxide single mineral. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, large treatment capacity, simple flow structure, easy operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of antimony oxide single mineral.
Background
Antimony oxide ore in nature is mostly generated in a fracture and crushing zone with strong activity for many times in many periods, the structure tends to be loose, and loose argillaceous output is often accompanied. Common simple antimony oxide ores are stibnite and stibnite, most of the common simple antimony oxide ores are weathered products of stibnite, crystal forms of the stibnite are usually reserved to form pseudo crystals, residual nuclei of the stibnite are sometimes reserved inside the stibnite, and residual sulfide ores are wrapped by the small flaky and cellulose oxidized ores. In addition, the antimony oxide mineral has fine embedded particle size and complex symbiotic relationship with other minerals, which brings difficulty to the preparation of antimony oxide mineral monominerals. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain antimony oxide ore monominerals in nature without sorting and separation.
The efficient separation of antimony oxide is still a problem in the field of mineral separation, mainly because the surface physicochemical properties of antimony oxide minerals and gangue minerals are very similar, and the zero-electricity points of antimony oxide and quartz (the main component of gangue minerals) are very close (pH of antimony oxide is about 1.9, and PZC of quartz is about 2). The positioning ions of the antimony oxide mineral and the quartz are OH-Or H+And the hydrolysis product of antimony oxide in water is HSbO2Or HSbO3With quartz hydrolysate HSiO in water4Very similar. Therefore, the antimony oxide ore and the quartz are separated by flotation by adopting a suppression method, and are easily suppressed at the same time, so that the antimony oxide ore has poor flotation effect.
In order to ensure that the surface of the antimony oxide mineral is not polluted and the surface property of the mineral is not changed in the purification process of the antimony oxide mineral, the single mineral is mainly obtained by manually selecting one by one under a microscope or manually synthesizing. The method of manually selecting grains one by one under a microscope has the defects of low speed, low efficiency and small treatment capacity. This method is not satisfactory when the test amount is large. However, the surface properties of the monominerals prepared by the artificial synthesis method are different from those of the natural monominerals, when a flotation test is carried out, the flotation process of the artificial monominerals is different from that of the natural monominerals, and the artificial monominerals are not representative. Therefore, the artificial single mineral cannot replace natural pure mineral to carry out flotation test, and further the flotation effect of antimony oxide ore is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of antimony oxide ore monomineral, which solves the problems of low efficiency and small treatment capacity of the existing preparation method of antimony oxide monomineral.
In order to achieve the above object, there is provided according to the present invention a method for preparing an antimony oxide ore monomineral, the method comprising: crushing antimony oxide ore to obtain crushed material, wherein the granularity of the crushed material is 1-2 mm; performing primary screening treatment on the crushed materials to obtain a first ore sample, a second ore sample and a third ore sample, wherein the particle sizes of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are sequentially reduced; respectively carrying out first ore grinding treatment on the first ore sample and the second ore sample to obtain a first ore grinding product; performing first gravity treatment on the first ground product to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings; respectively carrying out second ore grinding treatment on the first concentrate and the first middling to obtain a second ore grinding product; carrying out second reselection treatment on the second ground product to obtain a second concentrate, a second middling and a second tailing; and (4) carrying out secondary screening treatment on the second concentrate, wherein the screened product with the granularity larger than 0.0385mm is the antimony oxide single mineral.
Further, the step of crushing treatment comprises: carrying out coarse crushing and sorting treatment on antimony oxide ore by using a first crusher to obtain coarse crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the first crusher is 50-250 mm; carrying out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the coarse crushing and sorting ore by using a second crusher to obtain fine crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the second crusher is 5-10 mm; and carrying out crushing and screening treatment on the fine crushing and sorting ore dressing by adopting a third crusher to obtain a crushed material, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the third crusher is 1-2 mm.
Further, between the coarse sorting process and the fine sorting process, the crushing process includes: carrying out middle-crushing sorting treatment on the coarse-crushing sorting ore by using a fourth crusher to obtain middle-crushing sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the fourth crusher is 10-50 mm; and carrying out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the intermediate crushing and sorting ore by adopting a second crusher to obtain the fine crushing and sorting ore.
Further, in the first screening treatment process, the size fraction ranges of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are 0.2-1 mm.
Further, the granularity of the first ore sample is more than 1mm, the granularity of the second ore sample is less than 1mm and more than 0.45mm, and the granularity of the third ore sample is less than 0.45 mm.
Further, respectively carrying out first ore grinding treatment on the first ore sample and the second ore sample to obtain a first ore grinding product, wherein the granularity of the first ore grinding product is less than 0.45 mm; and carrying out first gravity treatment on the first ore grinding product and the third ore sample to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings.
Further, the granularity of the first ore grinding product is 0.1-0.2 mm.
Further, the grain size of the second ground product is less than 0.074 mm.
Furthermore, the granularity of the antimony oxide ore is 80-300 mm.
Further, the antimony oxide ore is antimony pyrite and/or antimony bloom.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the invention adopts the mineral separation processes of crushing, screening, grinding, gravity separation, regrinding and gravity separation, so that antimony oxide monoores and gangue can be effectively separated, high-purity antimony oxide ores can be obtained, the risk of excessive grinding of the ores can be effectively reduced, and the recovery rate of the antimony oxide monoores can be improved. The mineral purification process provided by the invention can ensure that the surface of the mineral is not polluted, the surface property of the mineral is not changed, the purification effect is obvious, and a large amount of antimony oxide mineral monominerals meeting the requirements of monomineral flotation grade and granularity can be prepared. Compared with the traditional manual selection under a microscope, the preparation method of the antimony oxide ore monomineral has the advantages of high efficiency, large treatment capacity, reasonable whole process flow, simple flow structure, easiness in operation and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for preparing an antimony oxide monomineral according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
As described in the background art, the existing methods for preparing antimony oxide monoores have problems of low efficiency and small throughput. In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a preparation method of antimony oxide monomineral, which comprises the following steps: crushing antimony oxide ore to obtain crushed material, wherein the granularity of the crushed material is 1-2 mm; performing primary screening treatment on the crushed materials to obtain a first ore sample, a second ore sample and a third ore sample, wherein the particle sizes of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are sequentially reduced; respectively carrying out first ore grinding treatment on the first ore sample and the second ore sample to obtain a first ore grinding product; performing first gravity treatment on the first ground product to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings; respectively carrying out second ore grinding treatment on the first concentrate and the first middling to obtain a second ore grinding product; carrying out second reselection treatment on the second ground product to obtain a second concentrate, a second middling and a second tailing; and (4) carrying out secondary screening treatment on the second concentrate, wherein the screened product with the granularity larger than 0.0385mm is the antimony oxide single mineral.
In general, antimony oxide ore contains impurity minerals (mainly gangue) in addition to antimony oxide ore monominerals. The density of the impurity mineral is close to that of the antimony oxide ore monomineral, but the hardness of the impurity mineral is higher, so that the impurity mineral and the antimony oxide ore monomineral can be separated by adopting a grinding-gravity separation mode. In order to avoid the minerals from being excessively ground and not meeting the flotation requirement, the process of crushing-screening-stage grinding-stage gravity separation provided by the application is adopted to prepare the antimony oxide ore monominerals.
The invention adopts the mineral separation processes of crushing, screening, grinding, gravity separation, regrinding and gravity separation, which not only can effectively separate antimony oxide monoore and gangue to obtain high-purity antimony oxide ore, but also can effectively reduce the risk of over-grinding the ore and improve the recovery rate of the antimony oxide monoore. The mineral purification process provided by the invention can ensure that the surface of the mineral is not polluted, the surface property of the mineral is not changed, the purification effect is obvious, and a large amount of antimony oxide mineral monominerals meeting the requirements of monomineral flotation grade and granularity can be prepared. Compared with the traditional manual selection under a microscope, the preparation method of the antimony oxide ore monomineral has the advantages of high efficiency, large treatment capacity, reasonable whole process flow, simple flow structure, easiness in operation and the like.
It should be noted that, in the first ore grinding treatment process, the first ore sample and the second ore sample are respectively subjected to ore grinding treatment, and then the respective obtained ore grinding products are mixed and then subjected to a subsequent reselection process. In the second ore grinding treatment process, the first concentrate and the first middling are respectively subjected to second ore grinding treatment, and then the respective obtained ore grinding products are respectively subjected to subsequent reselection processes, reselected concentrate is combined, reselected middling is combined, and reselected tailings are combined.
The preparation method of the antimony oxide ore monomineral provided by the application is suitable for antimony oxide ores with all particle sizes. In a preferred embodiment, the antimony oxide ore has a particle size of 80 to 300 mm. The antimony oxide ore with the granularity has better crystallinity and less impurities, so the adoption of the antimony oxide ore with the granularity is beneficial to improving the yield of single minerals of the antimony oxide ore. Preferably, the antimony oxide ore is antimony pyrite and/or antimony trioxide. The two kinds of antimony oxide ore have the advantages of good crystallinity, simple impurity ore components and the like, so that the two kinds of antimony oxide ore are adopted as raw materials, and the yield of single ore of the antimony oxide ore is improved.
Since the hardness of the antimony oxide ore monomineral and the impurity mineral are different, a part of the impurities can be separated by the crushing treatment step. In a preferred embodiment, the step of crushing comprises: carrying out coarse crushing and sorting treatment on antimony oxide ore by using a first crusher to obtain coarse crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the first crusher is 50-250 mm; carrying out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the coarse crushing and sorting ore by using a second crusher to obtain fine crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the second crusher is 5-10 mm; and carrying out crushing and screening treatment on the fine crushing and sorting ore dressing by adopting a third crusher to obtain a crushed material, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the third crusher is 1-2 mm. The crushing treatment is carried out through three stages of coarse crushing sorting treatment, fine crushing sorting treatment and crushing screening treatment, impurity minerals can be separated for many times, the risk that the antimony oxide ore with too small granularity cannot be used as required antimony oxide ore single minerals is favorably reduced, and the yield of qualified size grade antimony oxide ore single minerals is improved.
In order to further improve the yield of the antimony oxide ore monominerals, the crushing process can be further refined. In a preferred embodiment, between the coarse sorting process and the fine sorting process, the step of crushing comprises: carrying out middle-crushing sorting treatment on the coarse-crushing sorting ore by using a fourth crusher to obtain middle-crushing sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the fourth crusher is 10-40 mm; and carrying out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the intermediate crushing and sorting ore by adopting a second crusher to obtain the fine crushing and sorting ore.
In order to reduce the risk of over-grinding of antimony oxide ore in the subsequent first ore grinding treatment step, the antimony oxide ore needs to be sieved according to the granularity of the crushed material. Preferably, in the first screening treatment process, the size fraction ranges of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are 0.2-1 mm. More preferably, in the first screening process, the first sample ore has a particle size of more than 1mm, the second sample ore has a particle size of less than 1mm and more than 0.45mm, and the third sample ore has a particle size of less than 0.45 mm. The main purpose of limiting the size fraction of the crushed ore to 0.2-1 mm and less than 0.45mm is to classify the ore sample into particles with uniform particle sizes, so that the ore grinding in the next stage is easy to control, and the over grinding of the ore sample is prevented.
In a preferred embodiment, when the granularity of the first ore sample is larger than 1mm, the granularity of the second ore sample is smaller than 1mm and larger than 0.45mm, and the granularity of the third ore sample is smaller than 0.45mm, the first ore sample and the second ore sample are respectively subjected to first ore grinding treatment to obtain a first ore grinding product, and the granularity of the first ore grinding product is smaller than 0.45 mm; and carrying out first gravity treatment on the first ore grinding product and the third ore sample to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings.
More preferably, the grain size of the first ground ore product is 0.1 to 0.2 mm. The primary purpose of limiting the grain size of the first ground ore product to 0.1-0.2 mm is to prevent over-grinding of products smaller than 0.45mm, too many fine grains being unfavorable for gravity separation of gangue and antimony oxide ore, and reducing the yield of effective size fraction; meanwhile, the granularity is limited to 0.1-0.2 mm, and the method is easy to realize in the ore grinding stage; in addition, the smaller the reselected ore feeding granularity range is, the better the sorting effect is.
In a preferred embodiment, the grain size of the second ground product is less than 0.074 mm. The reason why the fineness of the second grinding ore is limited to less than 0.074mm is that: the optimum particle size range for monomineral flotation is less than 0.074mm and greater than 0.0385 mm.
In the above method for preparing an antimony oxide monomineral, the gravity separation process may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art. Preferably, the manner of the first and second reselection processes is independently selected from shaker reselection, spiral chute reselection, or Nielsen concentrator sorting, respectively.
In the above method for preparing antimony oxide ore monomineral, the crushing process may be performed by a crusher commonly used in the art. Preferably, the first, second and fourth crushers are jaw crushers and the third crusher is a double roll crusher.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
In the examples, the antimony oxide ore monomineral was prepared by the process shown in fig. 1, and the antimony oxide ore raw material was composed of 10 wt% of antimony bloom, 40 wt% of antimony pyrite, and impurities.
Example 1
The preparation method of the antimony oxide ore monomineral comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the most rich antimony oxide lump ore. Selecting the most rich massive antimony oxide ore with good crystallization and less impurities, wherein the diameter of the massive ore is 5-300 mm, and using the massive ore as a raw material.
(2) And (5) coarse crushing and sorting. Selecting a jaw crusher with a 50mm ore discharge opening to crush the large antimony oxide ore to a value smaller than 50mm, and sorting out impurity minerals produced by crushing to obtain coarse crushing and sorting.
(3) And (5) medium crushing and sorting. And (3) selecting a jaw crusher with a 10mm ore discharge opening to crush the ore blocks to be less than 10mm, and sorting out the ore blocks with high grade and less impurities to obtain the medium-sized sorting ore.
(4) And (4) finely crushing and sorting. Selecting a jaw crusher with an ore discharge opening of 5mm to crush the lump ore to be less than 5mm, sorting out impurity lump ore, and then selecting a double-roller crusher with an ore discharge opening of 2mm to crush the antimony oxide ore to be less than 2mm to obtain crushed material for subsequent procedures.
(5) And (4) screening and grading. And (4) screening the crushed material (antimony oxide ore with the granularity smaller than 2 mm) in the step (4) into three size fractions (sequentially marked as a first ore sample, a second ore sample and a third ore sample) which are larger than 1mm, smaller than 1mm, larger than 0.45mm and smaller than 0.45 mm.
(6) And (4) independently grinding ore with the size fraction larger than 0.45 mm. And respectively grinding the antimony oxide ores with two size fractions of more than 1mm and less than 1mm and more than 0.45mm to be less than 0.45 mm.
(7) And (4) carrying out table reselection on the antimony oxide ore with the size fraction smaller than 0.45 mm. And combining all samples with the diameter less than 0.45mm after grinding, and then reselecting by using a table concentrator to obtain three products of first concentrate (concentrate 1), first middling (middling 1) and tailings (tailings).
(8) Regrinding and reselecting. And grinding the first concentrate and the first middling to be less than 0.074mm respectively, and then performing table concentrator gravity separation respectively to obtain a second concentrate (concentrate 2), a second middling (middling 2) and a second tailing (tailing).
(9) And (5) carrying out secondary screening treatment. The second concentrate is screened, with greater than 0.0385mm retained for monomineral flotation, less than 0.0385mm and tailings discarded. The recovery of antimony oxide single mineral was 13.66 wt%.
Example 2
The differences from example 1 are: the diameter of the antimony oxide ore is 80-300 mm.
The recovery rate of the antimony oxide single mineral was 16.35 wt%.
Example 3
The differences from example 1 are: no medium crushing sorting was performed.
The recovery rate of antimony oxide ore monomineral was 11.12 wt%.
Example 4
The differences from example 1 are: the granularity of the first ore sample is more than 1.5mm, the granularity of the second ore sample is less than 1.5mm and more than 0.45mm, and the granularity of the third ore sample is less than 0.45 mm.
The recovery rate of antimony oxide single mineral was 12.54 wt%.
Example 5
The differences from example 1 are: and (6) grinding the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample to 0.1-0.2 mm respectively.
The recovery rate of antimony oxide ore monomineral was 10.81 wt%.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the antimony oxide ore monomineral with antimony (Sb) grade of more than 90 percent, no pollution on the surface of the monomineral and particle size range meeting the flotation requirement is prepared, and the preparation efficiency is higher.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the antimony oxide ore monomineral is characterized by comprising the following steps:
crushing antimony oxide ore to obtain a crushed material, wherein the granularity of the crushed material is 1-2 mm;
performing primary screening treatment on the crushed materials to obtain a first ore sample, a second ore sample and a third ore sample, wherein the particle sizes of the first ore sample, the second ore sample and the third ore sample are sequentially reduced;
respectively carrying out first ore grinding treatment on the first ore sample and the second ore sample to obtain a first ore grinding product;
performing first gravity treatment on the first ore grinding product to obtain first concentrate, first middling and tailings;
respectively carrying out second ore grinding treatment on the first concentrate and the first middling to obtain a second ore grinding product;
performing second reselection treatment on the second ground product to obtain a second concentrate, a second middling and a second tailing;
performing secondary screening treatment on the second concentrate, wherein a screened product with the granularity larger than 0.0385mm is the antimony oxide ore monomineral;
the step of the crushing treatment comprises:
carrying out coarse crushing and sorting treatment on the antimony oxide ore by using a first crusher to obtain coarse crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the first crusher is 50-250 mm;
carrying out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the coarse crushing and sorting ore by adopting a second crusher to obtain fine crushing and sorting ore, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the second crusher is 5-10 mm; and
and (3) carrying out crushing and screening treatment on the fine crushing and sorting ore by adopting a third crusher to obtain the crushed material, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the third crusher is 1-2 mm.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein, between the coarse sorting process and the fine sorting process, the step of the crushing process includes:
carrying out middle-crushing sorting treatment on the coarse-crushing sorting ore dressing by adopting a fourth crusher to obtain middle-crushing sorting ore dressing, wherein the diameter of an ore discharge port of the fourth crusher is 10-50 mm;
and adopting the second crusher to carry out fine crushing and sorting treatment on the medium crushing and sorting mineral separation to obtain the fine crushing and sorting mineral separation.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first, second and third mineral samples have a size fraction in the range of 0.2-1 mm during the first screening treatment.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first sample has a particle size of 1mm or more, the second sample has a particle size of less than 1mm and more than 0.45mm, and the third sample has a particle size of less than 0.45 mm.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that the first ore sample and the second ore sample are respectively subjected to the first ore grinding treatment to obtain the first ore grinding product, and the particle size of the first ore grinding product is less than 0.45 mm;
and carrying out the first reselection treatment on the first ore grinding product and the third ore sample to obtain a first concentrate, a first middling and tailings.
6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the grain size of the first ground ore product is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the grain size of the second ground ore product is less than 0.074 mm.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antimony oxide ore has a grain size of 80 to 300 mm.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antimony oxide ore is antimony pyrite and/or antimony bloom.
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