CN109870084A - A kind of VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870084A CN109870084A CN201910210429.6A CN201910210429A CN109870084A CN 109870084 A CN109870084 A CN 109870084A CN 201910210429 A CN201910210429 A CN 201910210429A CN 109870084 A CN109870084 A CN 109870084A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of VCR mining codes to exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and its construction method, layering is filled with several layers explosive in the explosion section of the blasthole, it is separated between every layer of explosive by grain packing object interval, the explosive passes through detonation component and is drawn out to blasthole external connection initiation net；The explosive length of top is less than the length of remainder layer explosive, and loads grain packing object above the explosive of top in blasthole, and water column is loaded in the top blasthole of the grain packing object.The present invention is using charge constitution rationally, scientific, top layer explosive top is used to the combination blockage structure of a small amount of explosive and particle tamper add water post, the appearance of the non-explosion section plug-hole phenomenon in top is effectively prevented from the root, it saves because explosion plug-hole carries out additional economic cost caused by cleaning bottom of hole workload, the delay for avoiding the production duration, greatly reduces negative effect caused by big dose explosion in VCR mining codes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining blasting techniques, and in particular to a kind of VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and
Its construction method.
Background technique
Mineral resources are one of the basic guarantees of social process of industrialization, with preservation mineral resources grade and mining conditions
Continuous deterioration, mining gradually to high efficiency, low cost, large-scale technique direction transformation.Vertical long hole falls mine stage mineral building
Method (VCR mining codes) is exactly a kind of advanced mining methods applied after continuous practice summary and development improve.Due to its height
Effect, safe, inexpensive distinguishing feature, VCR mining codes are used by more and more mines.
This mining methods first top drilling chamber Drilling it is all it is vertical under to blasthole arranged in parallel, and according to explosion
Sequence is divided into kerve area and the area Ce Beng.Kerve area is the key that in entire mining circulation, and provides the scope of freedom for the area Ce Beng
And compensation space.Kerve area generally uses segment blast technique broken ore, then carries out ore removal operation in bottom structure and is
Can, construction technology is simple, safe.However being layered explosion causes the blasthole of Drilling to need to recycle, and preceding onepull may
Generate the phenomenon that residual plugging material recoil is blocked into remaining blasthole.Therefore, after every separate explosion, dredging blasthole is to guarantee next time
The inevitable premise of bursting work works, often referred to as cleaning bottom of hole operation.
Cleaning bottom of hole operation generally passes through air hose high-pressure blast aperture blowing, and concatenation steel pipe is smash logical, and waterpower osmosis method erects when plug-hole is serious
Drilling machine, which drills through the modes such as blasthole, to be carried out.For high-pressure blast aperture blowing since wind pressure value is relatively relatively low, operating efficiency is extremely low and spends the time long；
In addition, high-pressure blast easily causes small crushed stone block to recoil to operator is injured outside hole, and therefore, the less application of this method.Concatenate steel pipe
It is only more practical for short-bore, and large labor intensity.Waterpower osmosis method is by the way of filling water toward plug-hole, by seeping for water
Permeability and gravity fall multiple-row blasting object slowly, but this mode feasibility and length of time it is unpredictable with control.Cause
This, the mode that the erection drilling machine that mine generally selects controllability strong drills through carries out cleaning bottom of hole operation.Even if should in this way,
Site clearing is needed after explosion again, drilling machine is set up, is laid with pipeline, cleaning bottom of hole, removes the processes such as drilling machine and pipeline, thus seriously
Blast working progress is influenced, and thus caused economy, time and labor cost are very big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the present invention is being easy for back segment blasthole existing for existing VCR mining codes by leading portion explosion
The problem of blocking, provides a kind of VCR mining codes and exempts from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and its construction method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, and it is fried to be filled with several layers for layering in the explosion section of the blasthole
Medicine is separated by grain packing object interval between every layer of explosive, and the explosive, which passes through detonation component and is drawn out to outside blasthole, to be connected
Connect initiation net；The explosive length of top is less than the length of remainder layer explosive, and is filled out above the explosive of top in blasthole
Grain packing object is filled, loads water column in the top blasthole of the grain packing object.
Further, the explosion section bottom stationary positioned block of the blasthole, the explosive and grain packing object interval point
Cloth is separated between the explosive and locating piece of the bottom by grain packing object in the blasthole above locating piece.
Further, the locating piece is to lead to the matched cylindricality cement block of blasthole internal diameter, the cylindricality cement block
It crosses rope lifting at the top of blasthole and is located in blasthole bottom.
Further, the water column is the sealing water column bag for being filled with liquid.
Further, the detonation component is embedded in the explosive of corresponding explosive layer bottom.
Further, the detonation component includes the Nonel detonator that two hair bands have detonator payment to a porter, two hair detonator thunders
Pipe bundled fixed together and is inserted into inside explosive.
Further, the detonation component further includes the primacord that doubling is bundled on Nonel detonator.
Further, the partial size of the grain packing object is in 0.2-2mm.
The invention also discloses the construction methods that above-mentioned VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, specifically include as follows
Step:
Step 1: being blocked to the blasthole bottom in explosion section by locating piece, then clogs grain packing object and reach
Design burden value；
Step 2: the component that will detonate is inserted into the blasting charge and fixation is made into detonating charge packet, pass through hawser and the component that detonates
Detonator payment to a porter cooperates with the lowering velocity of detonating charge packet, and detonating charge packet is transferred on the grain packing object inside blasthole,
And detonator payment to a porter is fixed in aperture；
Step 3: continuing to stack non-detonating charge packet into blasthole after the completion of the detonating charge packet in second step is transferred
To reach the design explosive height of bottom explosive；
Step 4: clogging grain packing object on bottom explosive, reach the starting altitude of the 2nd layer of explosive；
Step 5: repeating step 2 to step 4, completes the 2nd layer of explosive to the dynamite charge of top and construct, guarantee most
Top layer explosive length is less than other layer of explosive length；
Step 6: first clogging grain packing object on top explosive, then proceed to load water column；
Step 7: after the detonator payment to a porter for all igniting primers for being fixed on aperture is linked together, development clear out a gathering place with
Detonation work.
Further, use bottom explosive to top layer explosive delay blasting in same blasthole.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that: by charge constitution top explosive payload reduce, effectively suppress lower layer's explosive to
The explosion energy of upper propagation；Top layer explosive charge can also be formed down to explosive funnel, thus by the scope of freedom near blasthole
The rubble not completely fallen off is cleaned out with fine grain particle object；The grain packing object being seated in above top layer explosive can be quick-fried by explosive
Energy efficient buffering is fried, and is kept away by most of energy transmission into top water column using this characteristic of water energy-absorbing arbitrary deformation
Absorption energy integrated distribution caused extruding plug-hole in particle tamper is exempted from, to greatly reduce the concentration of explosion energy
Effect；The water column of filling increases the tamper weight on top layer explosive top, prevents from causing since fine grain particle object weight kicks the beam
Punching phenomenon；After top layer explosive blasting, the deformation of water column energy-absorbing causes water column outer bag to rupture and enters the non-blasting hole in top
Inside further dredges and cleans blasthole thus under the premise of protecting blasthole wall surface, effective guarantee blasthole next stage
Charging work.
The methods of logical, waterpower osmosis method and drilling machine cleaning bottom of hole are smash compared to traditional high-pressure air hose aperture blowing, concatenation steel pipe, the present invention
It is blocked using reasonable, scientific charge constitution, especially top layer explosive top using the combination of a small amount of particle tamper add water post
Structure has effectively prevented the appearance of the non-explosion section plug-hole phenomenon in top from the root.It saves because explosion plug-hole carries out cleaning bottom of hole
Additional economic cost caused by workload avoids the delay of production duration.Therefore, it greatly reduces big in VCR mining codes
Negative effect caused by pack explosion.
In conclusion the present invention is that one kind has operating process is simple, safe and efficient, reliable to exempt from for VCR mining codes
Cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure and its construction method.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the blast hole loading structure schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the detonation component structure diagram in embodiment.
Figure label: 1- Nonel detonator payment to a porter, 2- water column, 3- grain packing object, 4- Nonel detonator, 5- explosive, 6-
Locating piece, 7- binding rope, 8- primacord, 100- blasthole.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the charge constitution in diagram is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is directed to the all-pass of VCR mining codes
Lower to exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure to what vertical blasthole carried out, being applicable to blasthole diameter is the lower to deep hole of 90-250mm.Tool
Body includes the several layers explosive 5 in the explosion intersegmental part layering filling of blasthole 100, and all explosives 5 are drawn by detonation component
To blasthole external connection initiation net.Wherein, explosive is positioned by locating piece 6 in the explosion section bottom of blasthole 100, every layer fried
It is separated between medicine 5 by grain packing object 3.It is separated between the explosive 5 and locating piece 6 of the bottom by grain packing object 3,
Grain packing object 3 is loaded in the 5 top blasthole of explosive of top, is loading water column 2 in this layer of 3 top blasthole of grain packing object.
5 length of every layer of explosive in the present embodiment is all made of the strip blasting charge and continuously stacks in blasthole, in order to avoid hole
The brisance of interior explosion, which is crossed the sundries such as senior general's rock and is punched into inside the blasthole of the non-explosion in top, causes plug-hole, in Fig. 1, with
The explosive of the bottom is the 1st layer of explosive, is followed successively by 1-n layer explosive thereon, and n-th layer explosive is top explosive, the quantity of n according to
The ore body height of every separate explosion and required explosive charge design.In Fig. 1 the explosive 5 of n-th layer length setting be less than lower section remaining
The length of layer explosive, the explosive charge of the explosive 5 of such top are less than other layers, in conjunction with the particle loaded above top layer explosive
Padding 3 and water column 2 effectively suppress the explosion energy that lower layer's explosive upwardly propagates, buffer upward blasting impact power, reduce mine
While stone squeezes the blocking non-blasting hole in top, effectively prevents these particle tampers and generate recoil due to kicking the beam and destroy
The phenomenon that portion's drilling chamber top plate.
In addition, being adopted as and blasthole internal diameter in the present embodiment in the locating piece 6 that the explosion section bottom of blasthole 100 is arranged
Matched cylindricality cement block, i.e. cement block can be freely lifted sliding in blasthole 100, and wire conduct is fixed in cement block
The rope of fixed lifting cement block first passes through wire and suspend cement block to shot hole blasting section from aperture in midair when loading blasthole
Bottom carry out positioning blocking, the depth of cement block, position, that is, blasthole where cement block are determined according to the length of wire
The extreme lower position of the filling explosive of explosion section design.After cement block lifting in place, the other end of wire is bolted and is taken at one
It is placed on the fixed strip of blasthole orifice position, the length of fixed strip should be more than the diameter of blasthole, guarantee that fixed strip can laterally be taken
The orifice position for being placed on blasthole will not be entered laterally into hole, and cement block fixation is lifted on shot hole blasting section bottom using fixed strip
Portion.
The grain packing object of the present embodiment uses partial size in the yellow sand or rock powder of 0.2-2mm, in addition should be it is noted that positioning
Gap between block 6 and the inner wall of blasthole 100 should not be excessive, avoids largely leaking when loading grain packing object from the gap
Out.
The water column 2 of the present embodiment is using the cylindrical seal water column bag for being filled with water.
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, every layer of explosive 5 of the present embodiment is all made of knot of the bottom blasting charge as igniting primer
The corresponding detonation component of every layer of explosive 5 is embedded in the blasting charge of this layer of explosive bottom, then stacks above again by structure
Remaining non-detonating charge packet of the layer.Can guarantee to detonate during filling in this way between component and this layer of explosive 5 lead it is quick-fried can
By property, the detonation component in powder charge process is avoided to be detached from easily with this layer of explosive.In addition, in order to enhance the detonation of detonation component
Reliability, the detonation component of the present embodiment have the Nonel detonator 4 of long Nonel detonator payment to a porter 1 using two hairs, two hairs are led quick-fried
Pipe detonator 4 is integrally then inserted into the blasting charge as igniting primer side by side and by binding rope 7 or adhesive tape binding, is bundled in
Two hair Nonel detonators 4 together ensure that the reliability of blasting charge detonation, effectively prevents a hair in hole and leads quick-fried detonator wire 1
After being cut off miss-fire phenomenon in addition, the present embodiment also in piece doubling of bundled fixed together of two hair Nonel detonators 4 outsides
Primacord 8,8 doubling bundled fixed of primacord are not only further protected in the outside of two hair Nonel detonators 4, with Nonel detonator 4
The detonation reliability to explosive has been demonstrate,proved, the volume of detonation component has been also increased, so that the bond area with the blasting charge is bigger.
The powder charge design parameter designed in the present embodiment is as follows:
1st layer of explosive to (n-1)th layer of explosive is normal equivalent powder charge, every layer of loaded length 1.2-3.0m.N-th layer explosive is
Top loaded length is 0.3-0.5 times of (n-1)th layer of explosive loading length.
1st layer of explosive bottom to the shot hole blasting pars infrasegmentalis scope of freedom burden distance be 0.5-1.8m, the 1st layer to n-th-
The grain packing object length being spaced between 1 layer of top internode length, that is, every layer of explosive is 1.0-2.5m.
The grain packing object length that n-th layer explosive top loads is 0.7-1.3m, and the water column length that top continues to load is
1.2-3.0m。
It is quick-fried that the mining of VCR method is carried out to certain underground mine large diameter, deep borehole stope kerve region with above-mentioned design parameter below
Broken, specific blast hole projectile filling construction method is as follows.
All blastholes 100 are using the lower to blasthole, diameter 165mm, hole depth foundation of T-150 type down-the-hole drill Drilling
Depending on stope height.Explosive uses strip emulsion and common Nonel detonator, and the diameter of each blasting charge is
140mm, length 0.5m；Grain packing object 3 selects the yellow sand in common materials.
Wherein, for the 1st layer of explosive of shot hole blasting section into (n-1)th layer of explosive, the powder charge item number of the blasting charge is 4；1st layer
The burden distance on explosive bottom to the lower part scope of freedom is 0.8-1.8m, 3 length of grain packing object being spaced between every layer of explosive
For 1.2-1.8m.
The packing explosive medicinal strip number of n-th layer explosive is 2, and n-th layer explosive top first loads the grain packing of 0.7-1.3m
Object then proceedes to the water column of filling 1.5-2.5m.
It sets the priming of every layer of explosive in a blasting charge of bottommost, i.e., it is fried detonation component to be connected to this
In pack, detonation component is bundled the 20cm of a doubling or so long primacord by double hair Nonel detonators and is made into.By detonator
Detonator wire 1 pulls out outside blasthole, and need to be fixed in aperture, to prevent sliding into aperture.It is quick-fried using delaying in shot hole blasting section
Broken technique, i.e. the detonator delay time used is different in every layer of explosive, forms in hole the form of delay blasting from the bottom up.
Specific construction procedure is as follows；
Step 1: being blocked to the blasthole bottom in explosion section by locating piece, blocking position is 0.5m apart from bottom hole,
Then filling grain packing object reaches design burden value；
Step 2: dress bottom explosive, detonation component is inserted and secured in the blasting charge as igniting primer, cable is cooperateed with
The detonator payment to a porter lowering velocity of rope and detonation component, detonating charge packet is transferred on the grain packing object inside blasthole, is needed
To cooperate the decentralization process for completing igniting primer by two people, wherein a people transfers at a slow speed explosive, another people's cooperation by hawser
Detonator payment to a porter is transferred, and after decentralization finishes hawser recycling, is drawn in aperture and fixes detonator payment to a porter；
Step 3: continuing to stack non-detonating charge packet into blasthole after the completion of the detonating charge packet in second step is transferred
To reach the design explosive height of bottom explosive；
Step 4: clogging the grain packing object of 1.2-1.8m on bottom explosive, the starting for reaching the 2nd layer of explosive is high
Degree；
Step 5: repeating step 2 to step 4, completes the 2nd layer of explosive to the dynamite charge of top and constructs, it should be noted that
Guarantee that the explosive height of top explosive is less than other layer of explosive height；
Step 6: first clogging the grain packing object of 0.7-1.3m length on top explosive, then proceed to load 1.5-
The water column of 2.5m；
Step 7: after the detonator payment to a porter for all igniting primers for being fixed on aperture is linked together, development clear out a gathering place with
Detonation work.Delay initiation control particularly with regard to detonator is explosion common technology, and this will not be repeated here for the present embodiment.
It has been carried out 5 times using 36 blastholes of the above charge constitution to the underground mine large diameter, deep borehole stope kerve region
Explosion test.
Effect shows that blasting technology has reached design requirement, and plug-hole number is down to by original 50% or more after explosion
1-4, and stemming length is no more than 2m, not under the influence of onepull normal construction.Compared to conventional method, after having reduced or remitted explosion
Cleaning bottom of hole workload, simplifies operating process and technique, greatly reduces economic cost additional caused by cleaning bottom of hole, reduces mining
The bursting work period.
It should be clear that described above is only the embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within technical solution of the present invention and principle, changes, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., belong to protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, it is characterised in that: layering is filled in the explosion section of the blasthole
Several layers explosive is separated by grain packing object interval between every layer of explosive, and the explosive passes through detonation component and is drawn out to big gun
Hole external connection initiation net；The explosive length of top is less than the length of remainder layer explosive, and above the explosive of top
Grain packing object is loaded in blasthole, loads water column in the top blasthole of the grain packing object.
2. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 1 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the explosion section bottom of the blasthole
Stationary positioned block, the explosive and grain packing object are distributed in the blasthole above locating piece, the explosive of the bottom with
It is separated between locating piece by grain packing object.
3. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 2 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the locating piece be in blasthole
The matched cylindricality cement block of diameter size, by rope, the lifting at the top of blasthole is located in blasthole bottom to the cylindricality cement block.
4. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 1 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the water column is to be filled with liquid
Sealing water column bag.
5. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 1 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the detonation component is embedded in pair
In the explosive for answering explosive layer bottom.
6. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 5 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the detonation component includes two hairs
Nonel detonator with detonator payment to a porter, two send out Nonel detonator bundled fixeds together and are inserted into inside explosive.
7. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 6 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the detonation component further includes pair
Roll over the primacord being bundled on Nonel detonator.
8. a kind of VCR mining codes according to claim 1 exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, the partial size of the grain packing object
In 0.2-2mm.
9. the construction method that one of claim 1-7 VCR mining codes exempt from cleaning bottom of hole blast charging structure, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
Step 1: being blocked to the blasthole bottom in explosion section by locating piece, then clogs grain packing object and reach design
Burden value；
Step 2: the component that will detonate is inserted into the blasting charge and fixation is made into detonating charge packet, it is quick-fried by hawser and leading for component of detonating
Pin line cooperates with the lowering velocity of detonating charge packet, and detonating charge packet is transferred on the grain packing object inside blasthole, and
Detonator payment to a porter is fixed in aperture；
Step 3: continuing to stack non-detonating charge Bao Yida into blasthole after the completion of the detonating charge packet in second step is transferred
To the design explosive height of bottom explosive；
Step 4: clogging grain packing object on bottom explosive, reach the starting altitude of the 2nd layer of explosive；
Step 5: repeating step 2 to step 4, completes the 2nd layer of explosive to the dynamite charge of top and construct, guarantee top
Explosive length is less than other layer of explosive length；
Step 6: first clogging grain packing object on top explosive, then proceed to load water column；
Step 7: development clears out a gathering place and detonates after the detonator payment to a porter for all igniting primers for being fixed on aperture is linked together
Work.
10. using bottom explosive to top layer explosive delay blasting in same blasthole according to the construction method in claim 9.
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| CN201910210429.6A CN109870084B (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2019-03-20 | VCR mining method hole-sweeping-free blasting charge structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN201910210429.6A CN109870084B (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2019-03-20 | VCR mining method hole-sweeping-free blasting charge structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN110207555A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-06 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | A kind of weak intercalated layer geology Slope Controlled Blasting method |
| CN114199090A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-18 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | Deep hole groove-drawing top-breaking gangue return-free charging structure and operation method thereof |
| CN114353610A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-04-15 | 湖北工业大学 | Horizontal or slowly-inclined blind gun hole internal segmented charging structure and construction method |
| CN115127412A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-30 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Small-distance explosive-charging explosion-proof device in hard rock hole |
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| CN115127412A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-30 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Small-distance explosive-charging explosion-proof device in hard rock hole |
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|---|---|
| CN109870084B (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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