CN109851376B - Tin bath bottom brick, preparation method thereof and composition for preparing tin bath bottom brick - Google Patents
Tin bath bottom brick, preparation method thereof and composition for preparing tin bath bottom brick Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tin bath bottom brick, a preparation method thereof and a composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick, belonging to the technical field of refractory materials. The invention relates to a tin bath bottom brick, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker. The tin bath bottom brick has proper volume density, low apparent porosity, low heat conductivity coefficient, low hydrogen diffusivity, low elastic modulus, low linear expansion coefficient and high refractoriness, has the advantages of no nepheline property, long service life and the like when being used for the bottom of a tin bath, has good heat preservation effect and low heat loss, and can obviously improve the heat utilization efficiency and realize the purposes of reducing energy consumption and saving energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tin bath bottom brick, a preparation method thereof and a composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick, belonging to the technical field of refractory materials.
Background
The tin bath is the key thermal equipment of the float glass production line. In the production process of float glass, molten glass continuously flows into a tin bath through a liquid channel, and is flattened, polished, thinned and floated upwards on the tin bath under the action of surface tension and gravity at a certain temperature and the traction of a transmission roller. Therefore, the structural stability of the tin bath limits the continuity of production and affects the yield and quality of the glass. The bottom brick of the tin bath is a key part of the tin bath, and the adopted refractory material is required to have strong erosion resistance, high slag resistance and good H resistance2Diffusibility, no foaming phenomenon, very accurate appearance size of the bottom brick, smooth and straight surface and complete edge angle, and simultaneously, Fe in the product2O3、K2O、Na2Low O content, moderate apparent porosity and good thermal shock resistance.
In the prior art, a Chinese patent with an authorization publication number of CN1269748C discloses a tin bath bottom brick, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker, 20-30 parts of 220-250-mesh low-aluminum fine powder, 5-10 parts of silica brick powder larger than 250 meshes, 4-6 parts of silica micropowder, 3-5 parts of binding agent, 0.05-0.2 part of water reducing agent and 5.0-7.5 parts of water; wherein the low-aluminum fine powder is any one of mullite powder, bauxite powder and flint clay powder; the bonding agent is high-alumina cement; the water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate. Most of the air holes of the substrate part of the tin bath bottom brick exist in closed air holes, nepheline is not easily formed, the service life of the tin bath bottom brick can be prolonged, but the heat conductivity coefficient of the tin bath bottom brick is higher, so that the problems of high energy consumption, low heat efficiency and poor energy-saving effect exist in the use process of the tin bath.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tin bath bottom brick with a lower heat conductivity coefficient, which can improve the heat efficiency of a tin bath in the using process, thereby reducing the energy consumption and improving the energy-saving effect.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick with simple process.
The invention also provides a composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick, which can reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the tin bath bottom brick.
In order to realize the purpose, the tin bath bottom brick adopts the technical scheme that:
a tin bath bottom brick is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker.
The tin bath bottom brick takes the silicon-aluminum clinker as the aggregate, and by adding the pure calcium aluminate cement, the high-aluminum fine powder, the clay powder, the mineralizer and the water reducing agent, the raw materials are reasonably mixed and act synergistically, the tin bath bottom brick has proper volume density and lower apparent porosity, simultaneously has lower heat conductivity coefficient, low hydrogen diffusivity, lower elastic modulus and low linear expansion coefficient, and has the advantages of no nepheline, long service life and the like when being used at the bottom of a tin bath; meanwhile, the heat insulation effect is good, the heat loss is less, the heat utilization efficiency can be obviously improved, and the purposes of reducing energy consumption and saving energy are achieved.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder. The adoption of the micro silicon powder in the raw materials can increase the strength of the material in the process of preparing (including maintaining) the tin bath bottom brick and realize the active SiO in the silicon micro powder in the sintering process2With Al in the material2O3Reacting to form mullite phase with good thermal shock resistance and improve the high-temperature strength of the bottom brick of the tin bath, so that the high-temperature strength and the thermal shock resistance of the bottom brick of the tin bath are improved. Furthermore, the nano-SiO in the silica micropowder2Active particles (especially nano-SiO)2Active particles) and water react to form Si-OH bonds, so that the green body has high strength and can be kept for a long time, for example, the green body can be kept strong until the green body is dried by adopting a conventional method for preparation.
Preferably, the volume density of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 2.1-2.5 g/cm3The apparent porosity is 0.65 to 10%. The volume density and the apparent porosity of the aluminum-silicon clinker are controlled within the ranges, so that the aggregate has lighter specific gravity and slightly larger apparent porosity compared with the common aluminum-silicon clinker, and the improvement of the heat conductivity and the thermal shock resistance of the tin bath bottom brick is facilitated. In order to further improve the heat conductivity and the thermal shock resistance of the tin bath bottom brick, preferably, the apparent porosity of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 2-10%.
Preferably, Al in the silicon-aluminum clinker2O342-47% by mass of Fe2O3Is not more than 0.9 percent. Controlling Al in silicon-aluminum clinker2O3The mass fraction of the aggregate is within the range, so that the aggregate has lighter specific gravity and smaller heat conductivity coefficient compared with the common aluminum-silicon clinker, and the density and the heat conductivity coefficient of the tin bath bottom brick can be further reduced.
Preferably, the silicoaluminophosphate clinker is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: adding water into kaolin, clay, alumina powder and a mineralizer, uniformly mixing, then preparing a blank, then maintaining, drying, sintering at 1600-1700 ℃, and crushing to obtain the kaolin-alumina ceramic. The firing temperature is controlled to be 1600-1700 ℃, so that the uniform mullite phase and quartz phase can be formed, and the distribution of air holes is more uniform.
The firing at 1600 to 1700 ℃ may be carried out in a tunnel kiln, a shuttle kiln or a down draft kiln, preferably in a tunnel kiln. The energy consumption can be reduced by sintering in the tunnel kiln, and the green body is heated uniformly in the sintering process.
The active particles of calcium aluminate, calcium dialuminate and calcium hexaluminate in the pure calcium aluminate cement and water are subjected to hydration reaction to form Al-OH bonds to generate Al (OH)3Crystals, which enable the green body to generate high strength and can be kept for a long time, for example, the strength can be kept until the green body is dried when the preparation is carried out by adopting a conventional method; and active CaO and Al in the base material in the process of forming the bottom brick of the tin bath by high-temperature heating2O3High temperature reaction occurs to form high-strength calcium hexaluminate. Preferably, Al in the pure calcium aluminate cement2O3Is not less than 80% by mass. Al (Al)2O3The high-content pure calcium aluminate cement has more stable performance, and is more beneficial to providing more stable and higher strength for materials in the preparation process of the tin bath bottom brick.
Preferably, the tin bath bottom brick is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the mineralizer is at least one of kyanite and andalusite.
Preferably, the tin bath bottom brick is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the water reducing agent is at least one selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Preferably, the tin bath bottom brick is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the aggregate is composed of small-particle-size aggregate with the particle size not larger than 1mm, medium-particle-size aggregate with the particle size larger than 1mm and not larger than 3mm and large-particle-size aggregate with the particle size larger than 3mm and not larger than 5 mm; the mass ratio of the small-particle-size aggregate to the medium-particle-size aggregate to the large-particle-size aggregate is 0.6-1.25: 1: 0.4-1. The aggregate with the particle composition can make the internal structure of the material more uniform.
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick adopts the technical scheme that:
the preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick comprises the steps of taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water, uniformly mixing, preparing a blank, curing, drying, and firing at 1400-1500 ℃ to obtain the tin bath bottom brick.
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick has simple process, can adopt the existing equipment for production, has low investment cost and is convenient for popularization and application.
The firing at 1400-1500 ℃ can be carried out in a tunnel kiln, a shuttle kiln or a down draft kiln. Preferably, firing at 1400 to 1500 ℃ is carried out in a shuttle kiln. The sintering in the shuttle kiln has the advantages of small temperature difference, low energy consumption and uniform heating of the green body in the sintering process, and is not easy to generate cracks.
The technical scheme adopted by the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick is as follows:
the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker.
The tin bath bottom brick prepared by the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick has higher volume density, lower apparent porosity, lower elastic modulus and linear expansion coefficient and higher refractoriness.
Preferably, the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick further comprises 5-10 parts of silica powder. The silicon micropowder can increase the strength of the material in the process of preparing (including maintaining) the tin bath bottom brick, form mullite in the sintering process and improve the high-temperature strength and thermal shock resistance of the tin bath bottom brick.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tin bath bottom brick which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder.
Preferably, SiO in the silicon micropowder2Is not less than 92%. The mass fraction of the silicon micropowder with the average particle size of less than 1 mu m in the silicon micropowder is more than 85 percent. More preferably, SiO in the silicon micropowder2Is not less than 96 percent. The mass fraction of the silicon micropowder with the average particle size of less than 1 mu m in the silicon micropowder is more than 90 percent.
Preferably, the aggregate, the pure calcium aluminate cement, the silicon micropowder, the high-aluminum fine powder, the clay powder and the mineralizer account for 100 parts by weight.
Preferably, SiO in the aggregate2The weight percentage of the composition is 44.9-53.1%. Further preferably, SiO in the silicon-aluminum clinker2The mass fraction of (A) is 48.5-53.1%.
Preferably, Fe in the silicon-aluminum clinker2O3The mass fraction is less than or equal to 0.9 percent.
Preferably, the water absorption rate of the aggregate is 0.1-2.4%.
Preferably, the particle size of the aggregate is 0.1-8 mm. More preferably, the particle size of the aggregate is 0.1-5 mm.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the pure calcium aluminate cement is not less than 10000cm2(ii) in terms of/g. The mass fraction of CaO in the pure calcium aluminate cement is 15-19%. Fe in the pure calcium aluminate cement2O3Is not more than 0.5 percent.
Preferably, the high-aluminum fine powder contains Al2O3Is not less than 70% by mass, Fe2O3Is not more than 1.5 percent. Preferably, the fineness of the high-aluminum fine powder is not more than 250 meshes.
Preferably, Al in the clay powder2O3Is not less than 35% by mass, Fe2O3Is not more than 1.5 percent.
Preferably, the fineness of the clay powder is not more than 320 meshes.
Preferably, the fine silica powder, the fine high-alumina powder, the clay powder and the mineralizer are independently selected according to the specification requirements in table 1.
TABLE 1 specification requirements for fine silica, fine high alumina powders, clay powders and mineralizers
Preferably, the silicoaluminophosphate clinker is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: adding water into kaolin, clay, alumina powder and a mineralizer, uniformly mixing, then preparing a blank, then maintaining, drying, sintering at 1600-1700 ℃, and crushing to obtain the kaolin-alumina ceramic.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the silicon-aluminum clinker, the uniformly mixing is grinding and uniformly mixing; the fineness of the ground and uniformly mixed materials is not more than 600 meshes.
Preferably, the sintering time at 1600-1700 ℃ is 8-16 h.
Preferably, the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by 20-30 parts of kaolin, 50-70 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of alumina powder and 5-10 parts of mineralizer. Further preferably, the total weight of the kaolin, the clay, the alumina powder and the mineralizer used for preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker is 100 parts.
Preferably, the mineralizing agent used in the preparation of the silicon-aluminum clinker is selected from at least one of kyanite and andalusite.
Preferably, Al in the kaolin used for preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker2O3Is not less than 40% by mass, Fe2O3Is not more than 2.0 percent. Further preferably, Fe in kaolin used for preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker2O3Is not more than 1.5 percent. Preferably, the fineness of the kaolin adopted when preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker is not more than 250 meshes.
Preferably, Al in the clay used in the preparation of the silicoaluminophosphate clinker2O3Is not less than 32% by mass, Fe2O3Is not more than 0.5 percent. Preferably, the fineness of the clay adopted when preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker is not more than 250 meshes.
Preferably, the fineness of the alumina powder adopted when preparing the silicon-aluminum clinker is not more than 120 meshes.
Preferably, the preparation of the silicoaluminophosphate clinker is carried out by independently selecting kaolin, clay and mineralizer according to the specification requirements in table 2.
TABLE 2 Kaolin, Clay and mineralizing agent Specifications
Preferably, the drying temperature in the preparation method of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 100-120 ℃.
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick comprises the steps of taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water, uniformly mixing, preparing a blank, curing, drying, and sintering at 1400-1500 ℃ to obtain the tin bath bottom brick.
Preferably, the sintering time at 1400-1500 ℃ is 24-50 h.
Preferably, the firing at 1400-1500 ℃ can adopt a tunnel kiln, a shuttle kiln or a down draft kiln, and preferably adopts a shuttle kiln.
Preferably, the curing after the production of the preform is natural curing. The natural curing time is 20-30 h, preferably 24 h.
Preferably, the temperature for drying after blank making and maintenance is 100-120 ℃ and the time is 24-72 h.
In the preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick, the blank making comprises the steps of pouring the uniformly mixed materials and then carrying out vibration molding to obtain a blank body.
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker.
Preferably, the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick further comprises 5-10 parts of silica powder.
Preferably, the aggregate, the pure calcium aluminate cement, the silicon micropowder, the high-aluminum fine powder, the clay powder and the mineralizer account for 100 parts by weight.
In the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick provided by the invention, the preferable aggregate, the preferable pure calcium aluminate cement, the preferable silicon micropowder, the preferable high-alumina fine powder, the preferable clay powder, the preferable mineralizer and the preferable water reducing agent are the same as those recorded in the technical scheme of the tin bath bottom brick, and the details are not repeated.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples 1 to 5 in the following examples are examples of a composition for producing a tin bath bottom brick, examples 6 to 11 are examples of a tin bath bottom brick, and examples 12 to 14 are examples of a method for producing a tin bath bottom brick.
Example 1
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of aggregate, 10 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 20 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 8 parts of clay powder, 2 parts of mineralizer and 0.1 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 45.84％、SiO248.95％、Fe2O30.79 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.30g/cm3The apparent porosity is 5.66%, the water absorption rate is 2.35%, wherein 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of 0.1-1 mm, 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 3mm and not more than 5mm are contained;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: respectively putting 25 parts by weight of kaolin fine powder, 60 parts by weight of clay fine powder, 10 parts by weight of industrial alumina fine powder and 5 parts by weight of mineralizer into a ball mill, adding 100 parts by weight of water, homogenizing and mixing for 20 hours, allowing the homogenized and mixed materials to pass through a standard sieve with the fineness of 600 meshes, performing filter pressing, performing extrusion forming to prepare a green body, drying the green body at 110 ℃, then putting the green body into a tunnel kiln, firing for 12 hours at 1650 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain the kaolin fine powder;
the mineralizer is andalusite, and the water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Example 2
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of aggregate, 10 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 20 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 8 parts of clay powder, 2 parts of mineralizer and 0.1 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 45.75％、SiO249.15％、Fe2O30.78 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.30g/cm3The apparent porosity is 4.25%, the water absorption is 2.1%, 25 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of 0.1-1 mm, 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and 15 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 3mm and not more than 5mm are contained;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: respectively putting 20 parts by weight of kaolin fine powder, 65 parts by weight of clay fine powder, 8 parts by weight of industrial alumina fine powder and 7 parts by weight of mineralizer into a ball mill, adding 100 parts by weight of water, homogenizing and mixing for 20 hours, allowing the homogenized and mixed materials to pass through a standard sieve with the fineness of 600 meshes, performing filter pressing, performing extrusion forming to prepare a green body, drying the green body at 110 ℃, then putting the green body into a tunnel kiln, firing for 12 hours at 1650 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain the kaolin fine powder;
the adopted mineralizer is kyanite, and the water reducing agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Example 3
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of aggregate, 10 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 3 parts of clay powder, 2 parts of mineralizer and 0.1 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 44.95％、SiO250.82％、Fe2O30.72 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.31g/cm3The apparent porosity is 5.75%, the water absorption rate is 2.40%, wherein 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of 0.1-1 mm, 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 3mm and not more than 5mm are used;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: respectively putting 20 parts by weight of kaolin fine powder, 65 parts by weight of clay fine powder, 7 parts by weight of industrial alumina fine powder and 8 parts by weight of mineralizer into a ball mill, adding 100 parts by weight of water, homogenizing and mixing for 20 hours, allowing the homogenized and mixed materials to pass through a standard sieve with the fineness of 600 meshes, performing filter pressing, performing extrusion forming to prepare a green body, drying the green body at 110 ℃, then putting the green body into a tunnel kiln, firing for 12 hours at 1650 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain the kaolin fine powder;
the adopted mineralizer is andalusite, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 4
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of aggregate, 15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 5 parts of silicon micropowder, 14.7 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 12 parts of clay powder, 8 parts of mineralizer and 0.3 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 47.0％、SiO248.62％、Fe2O30.9 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.45g/cm3The apparent porosity is 1.82%, the water absorption is 0.65%, 15 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of 0.1-1 mm, 25 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and large particle size are contained10 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the thickness of 3mm to no more than 5 mm;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: respectively putting 30 parts by weight of kaolin fine powder, 50 parts by weight of clay fine powder, 10 parts by weight of industrial alumina fine powder and 10 parts by weight of mineralizer into a ball mill, adding 100 parts by weight of water, homogenizing and mixing for 20 hours, allowing the homogenized and mixed materials to pass through a standard sieve with the fineness of 600 meshes, performing filter pressing, performing extrusion forming to prepare a green body, drying the green body at 100 ℃, then putting the green body into a tunnel kiln, firing for 16 hours at 1600 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain the kaolin fine powder;
the adopted mineralizer is kyanite, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Example 5
The composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of aggregate, 5 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 10 parts of silicon micropowder, 6 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4 parts of clay powder, 5 parts of mineralizer and 0.2 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 42.0％、SiO253.06％、Fe2O30.8 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.5g/cm3The apparent porosity is 0.68%, the water absorption is 0.1%, wherein 18 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of 0.1-1 mm, 30 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and 22 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 3mm and not more than 5mm are contained;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: respectively putting 20 parts by weight of kaolin fine powder, 70 parts by weight of clay fine powder, 5 parts by weight of industrial alumina fine powder and 5 parts by weight of mineralizer into a ball mill, adding 100 parts by weight of water, homogenizing and mixing for 20 hours, allowing the homogenized and mixed materials to pass through a standard sieve with the fineness of 600 meshes, performing pressure filtration, performing extrusion forming to prepare a green body, drying the green body at 120 ℃, then putting the green body into a tunnel kiln, firing for 8 hours at 1700 ℃, crushing, and screening to obtain the kaolin fine powder;
the mineralizer is andalusite, and the water reducing agent is sodium hexametaphosphate.
Al in the pure calcium aluminate cements used in examples 1 to 52O3Not less than 80% by mass, 15-19% by mass of CaO, and Fe2O3The mass fraction of (A) is 0.1-0.5%, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 10000cm2(ii) in terms of/g. The mass fraction of the silicon powder with the average grain diameter of less than 1 mu m is more than 90 percent. The adopted fineness is 320 meshes. The fineness of the kaolin fine powder is 250 meshes; the fineness of the clay fine powder is 250 meshes. Al in the adopted industrial alumina fine powder2O3Not less than 98.5% by mass of (C), Fe2O3The mass fraction of the powder is not more than 0.5 percent, and the fineness is 120 meshes. The chemical composition of the raw materials used in particular is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Specification requirements for the raw materials used in examples 1 to 5
Example 6
The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment is mainly prepared by taking the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick in the embodiment 1 as a raw material.
Example 7
The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment is mainly prepared by taking the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick in the embodiment 2 as a raw material.
Example 8
The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment is mainly prepared by taking the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick in the embodiment 3 as a raw material.
Example 9
The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment is mainly prepared by using the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick in the embodiment 4 as a raw material.
Example 10
The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment is mainly prepared by taking the composition for preparing the tin bath bottom brick in the embodiment 5 as a raw material.
Example 11
The tin bath bottom brick of the present example differs from the tin bath bottom brick of example 6 only in that: the adopted silicon-aluminum clinker is obtained by firing natural coal gangue blocks at 1400 ℃ for 24h, crushing and screening.
The tin bath bottom bricks of examples 6 to 11 can be prepared by the preparation methods of examples 12 to 14.
Example 12
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following steps: taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water accounting for 10% of the total mass of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, pouring, and carrying out vibration molding to obtain a blank; and naturally curing the green body for 24h, drying at 110 ℃ for 72h, then placing the green body into a shuttle kiln for firing at 1450 ℃ for 45h, and then cutting, polishing and packaging.
Example 13
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following steps: taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water accounting for 5% of the total mass of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, pouring, and carrying out vibration molding to obtain a blank; and naturally curing the green body for 24 hours, drying the green body for 36 hours at 100 ℃, then placing the green body into a shuttle kiln for firing for 50 hours at 1400 ℃, and then cutting, polishing and packaging the green body.
Example 14
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick comprises the following steps: taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water accounting for 15% of the total mass of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, pouring, and carrying out vibration molding to obtain a blank; and naturally curing the green body for 24h, drying at 120 ℃ for 24h, then placing the green body into a shuttle kiln for firing at 1450 ℃ for 24h, cutting, polishing and packaging.
Comparative example
The tin bath bottom brick of the comparative example is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of aggregate, 12 parts of high-alumina cement, 18 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 9 parts of clay powder, 1 part of mineralizer and 0.2 part of water reducing agent;
the adopted aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3 51.06％、SiO243.46％、Fe2O30.85 percent. The grain diameter of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 0.1-5 mm, and the volume density is 2.61g/cm3The apparent porosity was 1.26%, the water absorption was 0.55%, and the particle diameter was20 parts of 0.1-1 mm silicon-aluminum clinker, 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm, and 20 parts of silicon-aluminum clinker with the particle size of more than 3mm and not more than 5 mm;
the adopted silicon-aluminum clinker is obtained by firing natural coal gangue blocks at 1400 ℃ for 24h, crushing and screening;
al in the adopted high-alumina cement2O3Is more than or equal to 50 percent of SiO2The mass percentage of (A) is 5-10%.
The fine high-alumina powder, clay powder, mineralizer and water-reducing agent used were the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the tin bath bottom brick of the comparative example comprises the following steps: taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water accounting for 10% of the total mass of the raw materials, uniformly stirring, pouring, and carrying out vibration molding to obtain a blank; and naturally curing the green body for 24h, drying at 110 ℃ for 72h, then placing the green body into a shuttle kiln for firing at 1450 ℃ for 45h, and then cutting, polishing and packaging.
Examples of the experiments
The performance of the bottom bricks of the tin baths of examples 6 to 10 and comparative example were tested, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 results of testing the performance of the bottom bricks of the tin baths in examples 6 to 10 and comparative examples
From the test results in table 4, it can be seen that the tin bath bottom brick of the present invention has advantages of low thermal conductivity, low elastic modulus, and low hydrogen diffusivity, etc., as compared to the tin bath bottom brick of the comparative example. In the production process of float glass, Na in molten glass2O permeates into the bottom brick of the tin bath and reacts with Al2O3And SiO2Reaction to form nepheline (Na)2O·Al2O3·2SiO2) And the surface of the bottom brick is expanded by about 20 percent of volumeBulging and peeling are generated, and peeled impurities float in the glass, so that the quality of the glass is seriously influenced. The tin bath bottom brick with low hydrogen diffusion degree can completely prevent the phenomenon, so that Na in the glass liquid2O cannot penetrate into the bottom brick. The tin bath bottom brick of the embodiment 6-10 of the invention has no surface nepheline phenomenon after two kiln periods (16 years) of use, and the service life of the tin bath bottom brick is greatly prolonged. In addition, the bottom brick of the tin bath can also improve the heat preservation effect of the tin bath and reduce heat loss, thereby obviously improving the heat utilization efficiency, saving energy and greatly reducing energy consumption.
Claims (12)
1. A tin bath bottom brick is characterized in that: the material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the volume density of the silicon-aluminum clinker is 2.1-2.5 g/cm3The apparent porosity is 2-10%;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: adding water into kaolin, clay, alumina powder and a mineralizer, uniformly mixing, then preparing a blank, then maintaining, drying, sintering at 1600-1700 ℃, and crushing to obtain the kaolin/clay/alumina powder/mineralizer composite material; the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared from 20-30 parts of kaolin, 50-70 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of alumina powder and 5-10 parts of mineralizer.
2. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material also comprises 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder.
3. A tin bath bottom brick according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: al in the silicon-aluminum clinker2O342-47% by mass of Fe2O3Is not more than 0.9 percent.
4. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: sintering at 1600-1700 ℃ in a tunnel kiln.
5. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: al in the pure calcium aluminate cement2O3Is not less than 80% by mass.
6. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mineralizer is at least one of kyanite and andalusite.
7. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water reducing agent is at least one selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
8. A tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aggregate is composed of small-particle-size aggregate with the particle size not larger than 1mm, medium-particle-size aggregate with the particle size larger than 1mm and not larger than 3mm and large-particle-size aggregate with the particle size larger than 3mm and not larger than 5 mm; the mass ratio of the small-particle-size aggregate to the medium-particle-size aggregate to the large-particle-size aggregate is 0.6-1.25: 1: 0.4-1.
9. A method for preparing a tin bath bottom brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking the raw materials according to the formula amount, adding water, uniformly mixing, then preparing a blank, then maintaining, drying, and then sintering at 1400-1500 ℃.
10. The method for manufacturing a tin bath bottom brick according to claim 9, characterized in that: sintering at 1400-1500 ℃ in a shuttle kiln.
11. A composition for preparing a tin bath bottom brick, which is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of aggregate, 5-15 parts of pure calcium aluminate cement, 6-25 parts of high-alumina fine powder, 4-12 parts of clay powder, 2-8 parts of mineralizer and 0.1-0.3 part of water reducer; the aggregate is silicon-aluminum clinker; the bulk density of the silicon-aluminum clinker2.1 to 2.5g/cm3The apparent porosity is 2-10%;
the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: adding water into kaolin, clay, alumina powder and a mineralizer, uniformly mixing, then preparing a blank, then maintaining, drying, sintering at 1600-1700 ℃, and crushing to obtain the kaolin/clay/alumina powder/mineralizer composite material; the silicon-aluminum clinker is prepared from 20-30 parts of kaolin, 50-70 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of alumina powder and 5-10 parts of mineralizer.
12. A composition for making a tin bath bottom block according to claim 11, characterized in that: and 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder.
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| CN114249577B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2023-03-14 | 河南中原特种耐火材料有限公司 | Aggregate for clay insulating brick and preparation method thereof, clay insulating brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116751068B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-10-31 | 山东淄博沈淄耐火材料有限公司 | Method for preparing isostatic pressing forming calcium-tin aluminate bottom bricks |
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