CN109799058B - Double-test-section direct-current wind-gusting wind tunnel with bypass - Google Patents
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- CN109799058B CN109799058B CN201910224735.5A CN201910224735A CN109799058B CN 109799058 B CN109799058 B CN 109799058B CN 201910224735 A CN201910224735 A CN 201910224735A CN 109799058 B CN109799058 B CN 109799058B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002517 constrictor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001595 contractor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-test-section direct-current gust wind tunnel with a bypass, which comprises a stabilizing section, a contracting section, a first test section, a converging section, a power section, a shunting section, a second test section and an outlet section which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: and a bypass section is also arranged, one end of the bypass section is connected with the converging section, and the other end of the bypass section is connected with the diverging section. The wind gust wind tunnel can generate low-frequency wind gusts, can simulate the wind gust effect of natural wind in an atmospheric boundary layer, is used for researching the influence of the wind gust on various physical phenomena in the atmospheric boundary layer, can perform two tests in one wind gust wind tunnel, and is more economical, faster and higher in efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for an gust wind tunnel, in particular to a double-test-section direct-current gust wind tunnel with a bypass.
Background
The wind tunnel is simply an elongated pipe with special design, and a power system (a motor and a fan) generates an air flow which can be controlled manually and freely in the wind tunnel, so that the wind tunnel is used for simulating the flow phenomenon of air when an object moves in the air, the stress condition of the object, the flow phenomenon of the air around certain fixed objects, the migration and diffusion phenomena of smoke in the air and the like.
Boundary layer wind tunnels play an increasingly important role in research in the field of wind engineering. The boundary layer wind tunnel has the capability of simulating the flow of an atmospheric boundary layer, and can provide technical support for researching the diffusion rule of atmospheric pollutants and the safety design research of a large-span bridge, a high-rise building, a tower and other unique structures.
However, for some extreme meteorological events (such as gusts, hurricanes, etc.) where unsteady airflow dominates, conventional boundary layer wind tunnels lack the ability to simulate the transient effects of these events. Therefore, a boundary layer wind tunnel that produces gust effects is needed.
Turbulence in the atmosphere, in general, the larger the turbulence scale, the lower the frequency of turbulence; the larger the dimensions the larger the turbulence dimension created by the obstacle. The turbulence generated by the conventional atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel through the wedges and the rough elements is generally about 0.1m in scale, so that the generated turbulence frequency is relatively high. In actual atmosphere, because of the existence of large-scale obstacles such as high-rise buildings, hillsides, forests and the like, the energy of low-frequency parts in turbulence cannot be ignored, so that pulsating wind with large scale and low frequency is necessarily generated in the wind tunnel, and the pulsating wind can be more matched with the actual atmosphere, which is the design meaning of the wind tunnel of the gust wind.
Currently, an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel capable of generating gust effect generally adopts a mechanical swing mechanism or adjusts the rotation speed of a fan to generate gust. However, the wind gust generated in this way has a high wind gust frequency. The random gust speed in the atmospheric boundary layer is high or low, so that the current gust wind tunnel cannot completely simulate the random gust in the atmospheric boundary layer.
The air flow can be divided into a blowing-out type air tunnel and a suction type air tunnel according to the flowing direction of the air flow, wherein the blowing-out type air tunnel takes the air flow blown out by a fan as a flowing medium of the air tunnel; the suction wind tunnel is a low-pressure area formed by rotating the fan blades, and sucks air into the air tunnel to form air flow. The application range of the two types of wind tunnels is wide, but the specific application fields are different.
The premise of high pollution in a practical environment is that the ambient wind speed is close to a static or very low meteorological condition, because only in the environment, the discharged pollutants cannot be spread out, and heavy pollution in a local area is caused. Therefore, the DC suction type wind tunnel is required to simulate meteorological conditions with wind speed close to zero and stable wind environment. The main reason that direct current blowing is unsuitable is that the power section is positioned at the upstream of the test section, the gaps among the multiple blades of the fan are large when the fan rotates at a low speed, so that an array effect with fixed frequency can be generated, and meanwhile, wind can generate multidirectional turbulent flow when being diffused downwards through the power section, so that the wind environment is unstable. The backflow type wind tunnel can not be discharged outside an experimental environment after a pollution source is released when a pollutant experiment is carried out due to the characteristic of closed backflow of the backflow type wind tunnel, so that the background pollution concentration of a test section is continuously superposed and increased, and the measurement of the experiment is hindered. In the experiment of sand and dust, a DC blowing wind tunnel is needed, and the use of DC suction and reflux can lead the gravel to be brought into the power section by airflow to damage the fan.
The foreign individual closed-circuit and open-circuit dual-purpose wind tunnel has a complex structure, is difficult to operate, cannot generate an array effect, and cannot be used in a large-scale industrial application wind tunnel. The double-test gust wind tunnel device provided by the invention can be used for two tests in one wind tunnel, so that the cost is greatly saved and the efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a double-test-section direct current gust wind tunnel with a bypass, which has the advantages of controlling the flow rate of fluid in the wind tunnel and performing two tests in the wind tunnel through the bypass section.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a take two test section direct current gust wind tunnel of bypass, is including the stability and shrink section, first test section, confluence section, power section, reposition of redundant personnel section, second test section and the export section that connect gradually, its characterized in that: and a bypass section is also arranged, one end of the bypass section is connected with the converging section, and the other end of the bypass section is connected with the diverging section.
Further, a damping net and a honeycomb device are arranged in the shunt section.
Further, the bypass section includes a deflector, a front corner section, a throttle valve, a rear corner section, and a hydraulic diverter gate.
Further, guide vanes are arranged in the front corner section and the rear corner section, and a hydraulic split door is arranged at the joint of the rear corner section and the split section.
Further, the hydraulic diverter gate is controlled by the hydraulic means, and when the hydraulic diverter gate is closed, the bypass section is stopped, and when the hydraulic diverter gate is opened, a throttle valve provided in the bypass section and located between the front corner section and the rear corner section is opened, and the bypass section starts to operate.
Further, the throttle valve comprises a plurality of movable blades and fixed fairings, wherein the fixed fairings are fixedly arranged in the bypass section, each fixed fairings is movably connected with two movable blades, and the movable blades on the two adjacent fixed fairings can influence the ventilation speed in the bypass section through opening and closing.
Further, the power section is further provided with a rear-end air guide sleeve, a rotation stopping sheet, a fan and a front-end air guide sleeve which are sequentially connected, and the rear-end air guide sleeve and the front-end air guide sleeve face the outlet section and the converging section respectively.
Further, the stabilizing and contracting section communicates with the outside through a damping net and a honeycomb provided at an end thereof.
Further, the stabilizing and contracting section, the first test section, the converging section, the power section, the bypass section and the second test section are all of an all-steel structure.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the bypass double-test-section direct current wind-gusting wind tunnel can simulate different wind engineering projects (such as wind pressure wind vibration, wind environment, air pollution, substance transmission and the like) in an atmospheric boundary layer in a large wind tunnel, and background concentration increase caused by the accumulation effect of a tracer does not need to be worried, so that the accuracy of a simulation experiment is influenced, and the bypass double-test-section direct current wind-gusting wind tunnel is beneficial to practical engineering application.
2. When the device runs in a test section, the device can obtain higher air flow speed with lower power, and is used for simulating various wind effects caused by air flow in an atmospheric boundary layer; and the method can also simulate the diffusion of pollutants in an atmospheric boundary layer, thereby avoiding the defect of continuously increasing simulation experiment errors caused by continuously increasing the background concentration of the tracer in closed-circuit operation.
3. The device can also realize the adjustment of the internal wind speed by controlling the opening and closing of the hydraulic diversion gate and the opening and closing of the throttle valve blades in the bypass section, and can realize the simulation of various wind effects caused by low wind speed in the atmosphere boundary layer.
4. Two tests can be carried out in one gust wind tunnel, and the method is more economical, faster and higher in efficiency.
5. By adjusting the throttle valve and the fan group in the bypass channel, the air flow speed in the test section is almost instantaneously changed to form gusts with variable air speed, natural wind in an actual atmospheric boundary layer can be more accurately simulated, the unstable flow simulation is very important, a new field is opened up, and a test opportunity is provided for the research of unstable flow aerodynamics.
6. The speed variation in the main test section is always in a reasonable range by controlling the shunt quantity of the channel. The bypass channel is designed as two rectangular channels, the size of which is severely limited by the size of the building. They are designed as large as possible in a given space. The two bypass channels are outside the fan and parallel to the main channel. Second, the bypass channel and the associated transition section must minimize the flow non-uniformities created in the main channel of the wind tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of each component of a wind tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the components of the bypass section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rear corner section of the hydraulic diverter door when closed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rear corner section of the hydraulic diverter door when open;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a throttle valve configuration with a movable vane open;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a throttle valve configuration with a movable vane closed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a wind tunnel with an exhaust unit;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exhaust stack.
In the figure: 101. a stabilizing and shrinking section; 103. a first test section; 105. a confluence section; 106. a power section; 107. an outlet section; 109. a fan; 110. a front fairing; 111. a rear-end pod; 112. a rotation stop sheet; 116. a honeycomb device; 117. a damping net; 204. a shunt section; 205. a rear corner section; 206. a hydraulic diverter gate; 207. a second test section; 209. a front corner section; 210. a deflector; 213. a throttle valve; 214. a bypass section; 215. an exhaust unit; 218. fixing the air guide sleeve; 219. a movable blade; 220. and a hydraulic device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a take two test section direct current gust wind tunnel of bypass, includes stable and shrink section 101, first test section 103, confluence section 105, power section 106, reposition of redundant personnel section 204, second test section 207 and export section 107 that connect gradually, its characterized in that: a bypass section 214 is also provided, and one end of the bypass section 214 is connected to the merging section 105, and the other end is connected to the diverging section 204. Double test section direct current gust wind tunnel with bypass has total length of 110m (double test section), test section (1) 2.5m x 2m x 16m (long), test section (2) 2.5m x 2m x 16m (long), power section phi 5.1m x 9.1m (long), bypass section 1.7m x 4.5m x 15m (long).
As shown in fig. 1, the power section 106 is a section of hole body for installing the driving fan 109, and the power section 106 includes a front end fairing 110, the fan 109, a rotation stop vane 112, and a rear end fairing 111. The fan 109 is rotated by the blower to generate a flow of gas, creating a stable flow field in the test section. The airflow flows through the stabilizing and contracting section 101 along the air inlet, and because the direction and the speed of the airflow are uneven, the turbulence of the airflow is high, and even large-scale vortex exists in the airflow, the rectifying devices such as a honeycomb 116, a damping net 117 and the like are arranged in the stabilizing and contracting section 101 of the airflow. The honeycomb 116 and the damping net 117 have the function of making the air flow uniform, and the turbulence is greatly reduced, so that the air flow quality of the first test section 103 is ensured. The design of the connection of the stabilizing and contracting section 101 and the first test section 103 with a smaller radius of curvature than the inlet results in a uniform acceleration of the air flow, which does not separate from the wall of the hole when flowing along the stabilizing and contracting section 101. The air flow passing through the first test section 103 flows to the converging section 105, and the converging section 105 is used for converting kinetic energy of the air flow into pressure energy so as to reduce power loss of the wind tunnel. Finally, the air flow exits the outlet section 107 via the second test section 207.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the bypass segment 214 includes a rear corner segment 205, a hydraulic diverter 206, a baffle 210, a front corner segment 209 and a throttle valve 213. Wherein the rear corner section 205 is connected to the diverter section 204, a hydraulic diverter gate 206 is provided at the connection, the hydraulic diverter gate 206 is driven by a hydraulic means 220, and the front corner section 209 of the bypass section 214 is connected to the convergent section 102. When the hydraulic diverter gate 206 is closed, the bypass segment 214 is closed. When the hydraulic diverter gate 206 is open, the bypass segment 214 is open and air flows from the hydraulic diverter gate 206, through the rear corner segment 205 and toward the throttle valve 213. In the corners, due to the turning of the air flow, centrifugal forces occur from the centre of curvature to the outer wall of the tube, which causes the air flow to increase in pressure on the outer wall and decrease in pressure on the inner wall when turning. The flow rate of the air flow at the outer wall will decrease and the flow rate at the inner wall will correspondingly increase, so that a diffuse effect will occur near the outer wall and a constrictive effect will occur near the inner wall. After turning, the airflow has the opposite phenomenon, that is, a diffusion effect is generated near the inner wall and a contraction effect is generated near the outer wall. The diffusion effect causes the gas flow to separate from the inner and outer walls. The air flow is easily separated at the corners and convection occurs, and in order to prevent the air flow from being separated, improve the flow of the air flow and reduce the loss, the guide vane 210 is designed at the corners.
The throttle 213 includes a fixed shroud 218 and a movable vane 219. Wherein the fixed fairings 218 are fixedly arranged in the side road section 214, and each fixed fairings 218 is movably connected with a movable blade 219, and the movable blades 219 on two adjacent fixed fairings 218 can influence the ventilation speed in the side road section 214 through opening and closing. When the movable vane 219 is open, as shown in fig. 5, the resistance to fluid is greatest and the flow rate through the throttle valve 213 is smallest. As shown in fig. 6, the movable vane 219 is closed, minimizing obstruction to fluid flow, and maximizing flow rate through the throttle valve 213. The ventilation speed of the bypass section 214 is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the movable blades 219, thereby controlling the ventilation speed and the frequency of the wind speed variation in the two test sections.
Two damping nets 117 are also arranged in the shunt section 204, and one side of each damping net 117 is connected with the honeycomb 116. The air flow is made uniform by the action of the honeycomb 116 and the damping net 117. So as to smoothly flow to the second test section 207.
During testing, the air flows in from the air inlet, flows into the honeycomb 116 to make the air flow more uniform, then increases the air flow speed through the stabilizing and shrinking section 101, then enters the first test section 103, reaches the diversion section 204 through the merging section 105 after the air flow passes through the test section, and part of the air enters the bypass section 214 (the hydraulic diversion gate 206 is opened), flows into the merging section 105 through the bypass section 214, finally flows into the second test section 207, and flows from the second test section 207 to the outlet section 107.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, a plurality of exhaust units 215 are further disposed in the pipeline of the bypass section 214, and can control simultaneously: the air flow of the test section is changed in high and low frequency by controlling the rotation speed of the exhaust unit. The method can also sequentially control: by controlling the conditions of each row of the exhaust unit. When the first row of exhaust units is started, the second row and the third row are sequentially operated until all the exhaust units are started, so that the air quantity in the bypass section 214 is gradually increased, the reflux speed is increased, and the air speed in each test section is further influenced. The speed of the gust size change of the test section is changed by changing the speed of the running quantity of the exhaust unit. As shown in the figure, compared with a single fan with higher power, the control mode of the small fans is easier to control, the response speed of starting and closing is faster, the change rate of wind speed can reach higher requirements, and the control precision is higher.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a take two test section direct current gust wind tunnel of bypass, includes stable and shrink section (101), first test section (103), confluence section (105), power section (106), reposition of redundant personnel section (204), second test section (207) and export section (107) that connect gradually, its characterized in that: a bypass section (214) is also arranged, one end of the bypass section (214) is connected with the converging section (105), and the other end is connected with the diverging section (204); a damping net (117) and a honeycomb device (116) are arranged in the shunt section (204); the bypass section (214) includes a deflector (210), a front corner section (209), a throttle valve (213), a rear corner section (205), and a hydraulic diverter gate (206); the front corner section (209) and the rear corner section (205) are internally provided with guide vanes (210), and the joint of the rear corner section (205) and the diversion section (204) is provided with a hydraulic diversion door (206); the hydraulic diversion gate (206) is controlled by a hydraulic device (220), when the hydraulic diversion gate (206) is closed, the bypass section (214) stops running, when the hydraulic diversion gate (206) is opened, a throttle valve (213) arranged in the bypass section (214) and positioned between the front corner section (209) and the rear corner section (205) is opened, and the bypass section (214) starts running; the throttle valve (213) comprises a plurality of movable blades (219) and fixed air guide hoods (218), wherein the fixed air guide hoods (218) are fixedly arranged in the bypass section (214), each fixed air guide hood (218) is movably connected with two movable blades (219), and the movable blades (219) on the two adjacent fixed air guide hoods (218) can influence the ventilation speed in the bypass section (214) through opening and closing.
2. The dual test section dc gust wind tunnel with bypass of claim 1, wherein: the power section (106) is further provided with a rear-end fairing (111), a rotation stopping sheet (112), a fan (109) and a front-end fairing (110) which are sequentially connected, and the rear-end fairing (111) and the front-end fairing (110) face the outlet section (107) and the converging section (105) respectively.
3. The dual test section dc gust wind tunnel with bypass of claim 1, wherein: the stabilizing and contracting section (101) communicates with the outside through a damping net (117) and a honeycomb (116) provided at the end thereof.
4. The dual test section dc gust wind tunnel with bypass of claim 1, wherein: the stabilizing and contracting section (101), the first test section (103), the converging section (105), the power section (106), the bypass section (214) and the second test section (207) are all of an all-steel structure.
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| CN201910224735.5A CN109799058B (en) | 2019-03-24 | 2019-03-24 | Double-test-section direct-current wind-gusting wind tunnel with bypass |
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| CN109799058B true CN109799058B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| US5435175A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1995-07-25 | Mercedes Benz Ag | Wind tunnel having a free jet test section for simulating wind direction fluctuations |
| DE10163896A1 (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-17 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Wind tunnel jet has a boundary layer separation device that prevents flow separation and enables stable flow to be achieved with a smaller flow development length |
| WO2009037917A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-03-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Measuring area of wind-tunnel testing apparatus, and wind-tunnel testing apparatus using the same |
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| CN209372358U (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-09-10 | 国电环境保护研究院有限公司 | A kind of double test section direct current gust wind tunnels of band bypass |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110114493A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-19 | 우르 레흐만 알비 무지브 | Tunnel terbine system generating potential energy from dorment kinetic energy |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5435175A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1995-07-25 | Mercedes Benz Ag | Wind tunnel having a free jet test section for simulating wind direction fluctuations |
| DE10163896A1 (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-17 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Wind tunnel jet has a boundary layer separation device that prevents flow separation and enables stable flow to be achieved with a smaller flow development length |
| WO2009037917A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-03-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Measuring area of wind-tunnel testing apparatus, and wind-tunnel testing apparatus using the same |
| CN102692310A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-26 | 西北工业大学 | Three-hole probe type pressure measurement tail rake for wind tunnel test |
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