CN109783017A - It is a kind of to store the processing method of equipment bad block, device and storage equipment - Google Patents
It is a kind of to store the processing method of equipment bad block, device and storage equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109783017A CN109783017A CN201811596218.2A CN201811596218A CN109783017A CN 109783017 A CN109783017 A CN 109783017A CN 201811596218 A CN201811596218 A CN 201811596218A CN 109783017 A CN109783017 A CN 109783017A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/08—Addressing or allocation; Relocation in hierarchically structured memory systems, e.g. virtual memory systems
- G06F12/12—Replacement control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method for storing equipment bad block, device and storage equipment, are related to field of communication terminals, in the use process for solving storage equipment, the problem of IOPS stability difference.Specific embodiment provided by the invention is applied to storage equipment, and storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and wherein user data area is used for actual storage user data with area is supplied more than the planned quota, and trough includes reserved block；When bad block occurs in user data area, bad block type is detected, and applies replacing reserved block in trough for bad block, and then according to bad block type, the replacement reserved block applied is replaced this bad block.Technical solution provided by the invention is suitable for storing process flow of the equipment to bad block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of communication terminals more particularly to a kind of processing method, device and storages for storing equipment bad block
Equipment.
Background technique
With the development of network communication technology, the requirement to storage equipment storage performance also more comes also high.For example storage is set
The storage of standby SSD (full name in English are as follows: SolidStateDevice/SolidStateDrive, Chinese name are as follows: solid state hard disk)
Performance passes through the IOPS (full name in English are as follows: Input/output Operations PerSecond, Chinese in its life cycle
Full name are as follows: the number per second being written and read) stability embodiment, the storage performance of the more stable then SSD of IOPS is better, i.e. user
It is also better using the experience of SSD.The prior art improves the IOPS stability in SSD life cycle by the technology of supplying more than the planned quota.
The technology of supplying more than the planned quota includes: by a part of space in SSD, for storing user data, i.e. user data area；Another portion
As space is supplied more than the planned quota, it is the sightless memory space of user that this, which supplies more than the planned quota space, for point space, for providing caching sky for user data
Between, supplied more than the planned quota in SSD space presence can improve SSD performance, IO (full name in English are as follows: Input output, Chinese name are as follows:
Input and output) consistency, and can be improved the SSD service life.The size for supplying more than the planned quota space of storage equipment is inversely proportional with amplification coefficient,
And amplification coefficient reflection is storage equipment steady-state characteristic, amplification coefficient is bigger to illustrate that IOPS stability is poorer, so supplying more than the planned quota sky
Between size directly determine the storage performance of SSD.
But by the above-mentioned use for supplying more than the planned quota technology, higher IOPS stability can only be obtained using initial stage in SSD, and
In SSD whole life cycle over time, the bad block in the user data area of the SSD can be continuously increased, by supplying more than the planned quota
Technology replaces the bad of user data area with the block supplied more than the planned quota in space while keeping the space invariance with storage user data
Block, and the bad block of user data area is isolated, this will just cause SSD's to supply more than the planned quota space reduction, corresponding amplification coefficient
Increase, so that IOPS stability reduces.So equally existing the deterioration of IOPS stability over time using the technology of supplying more than the planned quota
The problem of.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides processing method, device and the storage equipment of a kind of storage equipment bad block, for solving
In the use process for storing equipment, the problem of IOPS stability difference.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of processing method for storing equipment bad block, the method is applied to
Store equipment, the storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is used for storing
User data, for providing caching for the user data, the trough includes reserved block in the area that supplies more than the planned quota；
The described method includes:
When there is bad block in the user data area,
The bad block type of the bad block is detected, the bad block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block；Described pre-
Stay bad block application replacement reserved block, the replacement reserved block described in Qu Zhongwei identical as the bad block size；
According to the bad block type of the bad block, the bad block is replaced with the replacement reserved block.
With reference to first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, when the bad block type of the bad block is
It is described to include: with the replacement reserved block replacement bad block when the bad block of the read-write
The replacement reserved block is written into data in the bad block, and the label of the replacement reserved block is revised as institute
State the label of bad block；
The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
With reference to first aspect, the possible implementation of the first of first aspect, can be able to achieve for second in first aspect
In mode, the bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data, and the label of the bad block is label, and the health label is used
In the Health Category for indicating the bad block, the health block is one kind of block type in the storage equipment.
With reference to first aspect, in the third possible implementation of first aspect, when the bad block type of the bad block is
The wiping unsuccessfully bad block when, it is described to include: with the replacement reserved block replacement bad block
The label of the replacement reserved block is revised as blank marks；
The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
With reference to first aspect, the third possible implementation of first aspect, the 4th kind in first aspect can be able to achieve
In mode, the bad block is to be recycled piece.
With reference to first aspect, the possible implementation of the first of first aspect, second of first aspect can the side of being able to achieve
Formula, the third possible implementation of first aspect, first aspect the 4th kind of possible implementation in any one or it is several
Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, the area that supplies more than the planned quota keeps storage empty in the storage equipment use
Between it is constant, the trough determines memory space according to the bad number of blocks that generates in use of storage equipment.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of processing unit for storing equipment bad block, and described device is applied to
Store equipment, the storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is used for storing
User data, for providing caching for the user data, the trough includes reserved block in the area that supplies more than the planned quota；
Described device includes:
Detection unit is described bad for detecting the bad block type of the bad block when bad block occurs in the user data area
Block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block；
Application unit, for being the bad block application replacement reserved block in the trough, the replacement reserved block and
The bad block size is identical；
Replacement unit, for the bad block type according to the bad block detected by the detecting unit, with the request slip
The replacement reserved block that member is applied replaces the bad block.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the first possible implementation of second aspect, when the detection unit detects institute
State bad block type belonging to bad block be the read-write bad block when, the replacement unit includes:
Data write. module, for the replacement reserved block to be written in the data in the bad block；
First modified module, the label for modifying the replacement reserved block applied are the label of bad block；Also
For the label of the bad block to be replaced with the isolated marks.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of second aspect, second aspect, can be able to achieve for second in second aspect
In mode, the bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data, and the label of the bad block is label, and the health label is used
In the Health Category for indicating the bad block, the health block is one kind of block type in the storage equipment.
In conjunction with second aspect, in the third possible implementation of second aspect, when the detection unit detects institute
State bad block type belonging to bad block be it is described wiping unsuccessfully bad block when, the replacement unit includes:
Second modified module, for the label for the replacement reserved block applied to be revised as blank marks；It is also used to
The label of the bad block is revised as the isolated marks.
In conjunction with the third possible implementation of second aspect, second aspect, the 4th kind in second aspect can be able to achieve
In mode, the bad block is to be recycled piece.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of second aspect, second aspect, second of second aspect can the side of being able to achieve
Formula, the third possible implementation of second aspect, second aspect the 4th kind of possible implementation in any one or it is several
Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of second aspect, the area that supplies more than the planned quota keeps storage empty in the storage equipment use
Between it is constant, the trough determines memory space according to the bad number of blocks that generates in use of storage equipment.
The third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of storage equipment, and the storage equipment includes memory and processing
Device is configured in the memory: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is for storing number of users
According to for providing caching for the user data, the trough includes reserved block in the area that supplies more than the planned quota；
The processor, for controlling the execution of program instruction, is specifically used for when described for coupling with the memory
When bad block occurs in user data area, the bad block type of the bad block is detected；It is the bad block application replacement in the trough
Reserved block；According to the bad block type of the bad block, the bad block is replaced with the replacement reserved block；
The bad block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block, the replacement reserved block and the bad block size phase
Together.
In conjunction with the third aspect, in the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the processor is also used to, when described
When the bad block type of bad block is the read-write bad block, the replacement reserved block is written into the data in the bad block, and will be described
The label of replacement reserved block is revised as the label of the bad block；The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the third aspect, can be able to achieve for second in the third aspect
In mode, the bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data, and the label of the bad block is label, and the health label is used
In the Health Category for indicating the bad block, the health block is one kind of block type in the storage equipment.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the third aspect, second of the third aspect can the side of being able to achieve
Formula, in the third possible implementation of the third aspect, the processor is also used to, and the processor is also used to, when described
The bad block type of bad block be it is described wiping unsuccessfully bad block when, by it is described replacement reserved block label be revised as blank marks；It will be described
The label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
In conjunction with the third aspect, the first of the third aspect the third possible implementation, in the 4th kind of possibility of the third aspect
In implementation, the bad block is to be recycled piece.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, the third aspect, second of the third aspect can the side of being able to achieve
Formula, the third possible implementation of the third aspect, the third aspect the 4th kind of possible implementation in any one or it is several
Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of the third aspect, the area that supplies more than the planned quota keeps storage empty in the storage equipment use
Between it is constant, the trough determines memory space according to the bad number of blocks that generates in use of storage equipment.
A kind of processing method storing equipment bad block, device and storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in the present invention
The technical solution that embodiment provides is applied to storage equipment, and storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough,
When bad block occurs in user data area, bad block type is detected, is bad block application replacement reserved block in trough, and then according to bad
Block type replaces the bad block of appearance with replacement reserved block.It in the prior art, is logical when bad block occurs in user data area
It crosses the area that supplies more than the planned quota in storage equipment for actual storage user data bad block is isolated, so as to cause the amplification coefficient of storage equipment
Becoming larger, the IOPS for storing equipment is unstable, and in technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is replaced by reserved block bad
Block, this makes it possible to guarantee to supply more than the planned quota area's space invariance, to significantly improve the IOPS stability of storage equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the contrast schematic diagram for a kind of pair of SSD space configuration that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 1-1 is a kind of method flow diagram for storage device processes bad block that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 be another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage device processes read and write the method flow diagram of bad block；
Fig. 2-1 be another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage equipment in block division schematic diagram；
Fig. 2-2 be another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage equipment based on Fig. 2-1 generate bad block when, carry out bad
Block treated each piece of division schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 be another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage device processes wipe the method flow diagram of unsuccessfully bad block；
Fig. 3-1 be another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage equipment based on Fig. 2-1 generate bad block when, carry out bad
Block treated each piece of division schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of apparatus structure composition schematic diagram for storage equipment Bad Block Management that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the apparatus structure composition schematic diagram for another storage equipment Bad Block Management that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 6 is that another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage device structure composition schematic diagrams.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to storage equipment, and storage device configurations have: user data
Area supplies more than the planned quota area and trough.Wherein, it is slow for providing for user data to supply more than the planned quota area for storing user data for user data area
Space is deposited, trough includes reserved block.User data area, supply more than the planned quota area and trough actual size can by manufacturer's self-defining,
The size in space where these three regions is not specifically limited in the present embodiment.
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of determination method for supplying more than the planned quota area and trough size is provided.It should be noted that this
Place is merely illustrative, and does not constitute restriction.For example, the size for supplying more than the planned quota area can be the certain proportion of user data area size,
Such as 30%, and remained unchanged in the life cycle of storage equipment.The size of trough can be according to statistics according to storage equipment
The bad number of blocks generated in life cycle determines.For example, the size of trough can be user data area and supply more than the planned quota the sum of area
Certain proportion, such as 10%.In actual application, the volume consumer of user data area is as it can be seen that and supply more than the planned quota the capacity in area
User is sightless.User data area supplies more than the planned quota area for for user data is written in user data for storing user data
Spatial cache is provided when area.Supply more than the planned quota area keeps memory space constant in storage equipment use, and trough exists according to storage equipment
The bad number of blocks generated in use determines memory space.
Such as: in a SSD for being labeled as 100G, user data area 100G, supplying more than the planned quota area is 30G, according to SSD life
10% bad block calculating is generated in period, then the size of trough then can be (100+30) * 10%, i.e. the pre- of 13G is left a blank
Between.
It is worth noting that these blocks are included at least to be used for actual storage due to including several pieces inside storage equipment
The block of user data provides the block and reserved block of caching for user data, and the block for actual storage user data belongs to number of users
According to area, belongs to for the block that user data provides caching and supply more than the planned quota area, and reserved block is not used in storing data, falls to deposit for dynamic replacement
It stores up the bad block in life period of equipment and stores supplying more than the planned quota space shared by area and will protect in equipment in this way after the completion of the replacement of bad block
It holds constant, in embodiments of the present invention, single reserved block and single block for actual storage user data or provides caching
Block size is identical.
Present invention implementation is when there is bad block, replaced with reserved block in data storage procedure using storage equipment
Fall the bad block occurred in data storage procedure, area's space invariance is supplied more than the planned quota in guarantee, so that the IOPS for significantly improving storage equipment stablizes
Property.Supply more than the planned quota area keeps memory space constant in storage equipment use, and trough generates bad in use according to storage equipment
Number of blocks determines memory space.
The storage equipment of technical solution application provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes using Flash chip storing data
Any product, such as SSD, USB flash disk, mobile phone etc., further for using similar other storages with Flash chip storing data form
The storage equipment of chip composition, is also applied for technical solution of the present invention.
In conjunction with foregoing description, for storing equipment and be SSD, the block of actual storage user data includes number of users in SSD
According to area and two class memory space of area is supplied more than the planned quota, and reserved block belongs to the trough in storage equipment, trough is area in storage equipment
Memory space not except both above-mentioned memory spaces, and store the sizes of these memory spaces in equipment above by
Example illustrates, and this will not be repeated here.
In order to more figuratively the configuring condition of bright SSD internal storage space and existing SSD memory space configuration with
To the comparison of SSD memory space configuration in the present invention, it is illustrated by attached drawing 1.As shown in Figure 1, being illustrated pair by arrow
The change that SSD memory space divides, arrow left side is the existing configuration to SSD memory space, i.e., configures SSD memory space
Are as follows: user data area (the visible capacity of user) supplies more than the planned quota area, user data area with supply more than the planned quota area and collectively form that user is practical to be used
Storage region.The right side of arrow i.e. the side of being directed toward of arrow are configuration of the present invention to SSD memory space, i.e., store SSD
Space configuration is, user data area supplies more than the planned quota area and trough, and to user data area and supplies more than the planned quota description and the left side signal portion in area
Divide identical to the description of these two types of memory blocks.In conjunction with the above-mentioned introduction to storage equipment, this hair is executed in this storage equipment
When method flow involved in bright, as Figure 1-1, this method flow includes:
101, when bad block occurs in user data area, the bad block type of bad block is detected.
Wherein, bad block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block.
It is worth noting that storage equipment actual application finally show the reading and writing to Flash memory block and
Face is smeared, so in the present embodiment, when there is bad block in storage equipment, bad block type includes that read-write bad block and wiping fail
Bad block.
It 102, is bad block application replacement reserved block in trough.
Wherein, the replacement reserved block of application can be any one in trough or multiple reserved blocks.
It is worth noting that the replacement reserved block of this application is identical as bad block size, that is, the replacement reserved block applied
Block size is identical as the block size of bad block, and the storage size eachd relate to is identical.
103, according to the bad block type of bad block, bad block is replaced with replacement reserved block.
The further description for combining above-mentioned steps 101, bad block belonging to bad block type different in the process for bad block occur
Difference, it is also different to the specific process flow of the bad block of corresponding process generation, and it is specific how according to bad block type, it executes
The replacement process of bad block will be described in detail in the method for following embodiments as shown in Figure 2,3.
In the present embodiment, pre- by the replacement applied from trough when there is bad block in storage equipment use process
It stays block to replace the bad block, so that area place space invariance is supplied more than the planned quota in holding in storage life period of equipment, also ensures that
The amplification coefficient of the storage equipment is constant, to maintain the stability of storage device performance.
A kind of processing method of Bad Block Management storage equipment bad block storing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, this side
Method is applied to storage equipment, and storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, when occurring in user data area
When bad block, the bad block type of bad block is detected, and is bad block application replacement reserved block in trough, and then according to the bad block of bad block
Type replaces bad block with replacement reserved block.It in the prior art, when there is bad block in storage equipment, is set by storage
Bad block is isolated in the area that supplies more than the planned quota in standby for actual storage user data, and the amplification coefficient so as to cause storage equipment becomes larger, and is deposited
The IOPS for storing up equipment is unstable, and in technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, bad block is replaced by reserved block, thus
It can guarantee to supply more than the planned quota area's space invariance, to significantly improve the IOPS stability of storage equipment.
The method flow in conjunction with shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1-1 includes detection or judgement storage in the practical implementation of scheme
Whether user data area there is the process of bad block in equipment, when there is bad block, just executes above-mentioned steps 101.
A kind of processing method for storing equipment bad block is provided in another kind implementation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it should
Method describes, and the bad block type belonging to the bad block is when reading and writing bad block, how with the replacement reserved block applied to replace this
The execution process of bad block, as shown in Fig. 2, this execution process includes:
201, by the data write-in replacement reserved block in bad block, and the label for replacing reserved block is revised as bad block simultaneously
Label.
202, the label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
In conjunction with the description of above-mentioned steps 202, the label of bad block is revised as isolated marks, indicates that the bad block is changed to be isolated
Bad block, isolated marks replace the label of former bad block.
In the present embodiment, bad block type belonging to bad block is read-write bad block, and the block for read-write is in the present embodiment
The healthy block of valid data is stored, healthy block marks mark by health in storage equipment, then before fault data does not shift,
The label of the bad block is label, this health marks the Health Category for indicating bad block, and healthy block is in storage equipment
One kind of block type.The type of block further includes above-mentioned reserved block, isolation bad block etc. in storage equipment.
In the present embodiment, bad block is not intended as a kind of type appearance for storing block in equipment, but when in storage equipment
Different types of piece when breaking down in use, it may appear that bad block, and label entrained by bad block, with the block failure it
The label of preceding carrying is identical.
It is worth noting that since storage equipment includes several pieces (Block), and a part in these blocks is for depositing
The healthy block of valid data is stored up, each piece is divided into several pages (Page) again, and each Page is divided into several bytes (Bytes) etc. again,
Due to block be it is graduate, then there are Health Categories for corresponding healthy block, and Health Category is according to the current of block in the present embodiment
Storage state divides, and current block is current lower with its bigger Health Category of memory space.Such as in the current of current block
When accounting for the 1%-5% of the total memory space of the current block with memory space, the Health Category of the block is 1,1 can be good for as this
Health label.In conjunction with the above-mentioned specific descriptions divided to block, health label can be also used for indicating the Health Category of Page in the block,
And when indicating the Health Category of Page, it can be in conjunction with the above-mentioned description to block Health Category, such as the Health Category when this page
When being also 1, health label is at this time, and previous position indicates the Health Category of block, the Health Category of page in latter position expression block, 11
For the Health Category of integrating representation current block, the Health Category of block can also further be drawn for the Byte in block
Point, the Health Category can be indicated with three bit digitals at this time.
It is worth noting that in the present embodiment to the specific of the specific zoned format of Health Category and Health Category
Representation be not construed as limiting.
In storage equipment actual application, in an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, to storing data
After partition, and further division is carried out to the block in storage equipment therein, it in this way can be more subtly to storage
Block in equipment carries out dynamic management.It reads and writes in data procedures, the block of actual storage user data includes: storage valid data
Healthy block, storage to be recycled piece, blank block, isolation bad block without valid data, wherein blank block is set for receiving write-in storage
Standby data, when reading and writing data fault-free, blank is converted into the healthy block for being stored with effect data, the data in healthy block fastly
When invalid or expired, the healthy block for storing valid data is converted into be recycled piece of storage invalid data, will be in be recycled piece
Invalid data is converted into blank block after deleting, and bad block can be generated in reading and writing data or erase process, so by application to
Replacement reserved block replaces these bad blocks, and then the corresponding bad block what is generated in the process translates by the isolation of these bad blocks
Bad block is isolated.It is worth noting that the conversion between various types of in the present embodiment pieces, is marked by modified block and is realized.
In order to more clearly illustrate above-mentioned method flow shown in Fig. 2, in a kind of implementation of the invention, this is deposited
The processing method of storage equipment bad block can be applied to specific example, and in this example, storing the block in equipment includes: that storage is effective
The healthy block of data, to be recycled piece without valid data, blank block, isolation bad block, reserved block, wherein the block of preceding four seed type,
It is the block generated in reading and writing data or erase process, reserved block is the block belonged in trough.And store the strong of valid data
Health block is by health label mark, and for be recycled piece of no valid data by recycling label mark, blank block passes through blank marks
Mark is isolated bad block and is identified by isolated marks, and reserved block passes through reserved label mark.In order to which more vivid expression storage is set
Each piece of existence form in standby, in this implementation, as shown in Fig. 2-1, by same type of piece of like-identified with chain
Shape form indicates that each piece is indicated by a rectangle, can communicate between the adjacent block of same type, in the Fig. 2-1
Shown in storage equipment, comprising 1-66 totally 66 chains, wherein 1-62 be the chain for indicating healthy block, belonging to 63 to be recycled piece of expressions
Chain, 64 indicate chain belonging to blank blocks, and 65 indicate chain belonging to isolation bad blocks, and 66 indicate chain belonging to reserved blocks, and at this
In Fig. 2-1, above-mentioned five classes chain is arranged successively from left to right, and the Fig. 2-1 expression is that storage equipment does not occur the state of bad block.
To the division of healthy block grade in conjunction with described in above-mentioned 202, in the Fig. 2-1, by the health of different grades
Block is hung on different chains, and the division of healthy block is determined according to the invalid Page number in block, in this implementation, is belonged to
In the healthy block Health Category highest on chain 1, with the increase 1 of chain number, its Health Category that the chain indicates accordingly drops step by step
It is low, there are 3 healthy blocks on chain 1, there are 2 healthy blocks on chain 62；There is 2 to be recycled piece on chain 63；There are 3 skies on chain 64
White piece；It is initial state as shown in the figure, without isolation bad block on chain 65；There are 4 reserved blocks on chain 66, is then set in storage
Standby middle work shows 14 blocks, wherein reserved block 4.
In the storage equipment shown in Fig. 2-1, when detecting 1 the lowermost block of chain is bad block, in conjunction with above-mentioned such as Fig. 2 institute
The method flow shown, as shown in Fig. 2-2, the display result after the completion of executing is, includes 2 health that it is initially present on chain 1
Block further includes the replacement reserved block of a substitution bad block, and the replacement reserved block is in place before the bad block is replaced
Position includes the bad block being replaced on chain 1 on chain 65, reserves number of blocks on chain 66 and subtract 1, institute is right on remaining chain and remaining chain
The block answered is constant.
A kind of processing method for storing equipment bad block is provided in another kind implementation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it should
Method describes, and the bad block type belonging to the bad block is when wiping unsuccessfully bad block, how with replacement reserved block apply to replace this
The execution process of bad block, as shown in figure 3, this execution process includes:
301, the reserved label of modification replacement reserved block is revised as blank marks.
After having executed above-mentioned steps 301, replacement reserved block is just updated to blank block.
302, the label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
It executes the step 302, i.e. the isolated marks label of replacing bad block, indicates that bad block is converted into isolation bad block and is isolated.
It is worth noting that bad block type belonging to bad block is when wiping unsuccessfully bad block, which is in this implementation
To be recycled piece.
In conjunction with above-mentioned scene initial as shown in Fig. 2-1, in conjunction with above-mentioned method flow as shown in Figure 3, such as Fig. 3-1 institute
To show, the display result after the completion of attached process shown in Fig. 3 executes is, chain 63 gets on to be recycled piece damaged, include chain on chain 65
The bad block being replaced on 63 reserves number of blocks on chain 66 and subtracts 1, and blank block adds 1 on chain 64, and institute is right on remaining chain and remaining chain
The block answered is constant.
In the use process of storage equipment, in conjunction with the above-mentioned method flow as shown in Fig. 1-1,2,3, either which is flowed
The bad block that journey generates all is that this bad block is replaced by replacement reserved block, and replacement reserved block is matched in advance in storage equipment
The reserved block in trough set out supplies more than the planned quota area space without occupying in this way when storing the equipment bad block of appearance, and stores equipment
Life cycle in amplification coefficient it is related to space inverse proportion is supplied more than the planned quota, supply more than the planned quota the life cycle that area's space invariance then stores equipment
Interior amplification coefficient is constant.This eliminates the need for the problem of amplification coefficient caused by bad block becomes larger, so setting trough is significantly prolonged
The life cycle for having grown storage equipment in one implementation, increases by 10% and leaves a blank in advance by carrying out technical solution of the present invention
Between, while the service life of storage equipment 30% can be improved.
In addition, being supplied more than the planned quota in technology in this case some, if it is desired to keep storage life period of equipment in IOPS stability not
Become, it is desirable to provide 100% supplies more than the planned quota space, and cost is too high, and during the present invention implemented, it can expire without using especially big space of supplying more than the planned quota
IOPS in foot storage equipment life cycle management stablizes, and has significantly saved cost.In a kind of implementation of the invention, with
In the case that the existing technology of supplying more than the planned quota reaches identical IOPS stability, the embodiment of the present invention can save 40% or so totality
Cost.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of processing unit for storing equipment bad block, which is applied to storage and sets
It is standby, and storage device configurations have: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is used to store user data,
For providing caching for the user data, the trough includes reserved block in the area that supplies more than the planned quota.As shown in figure 4, the device packet
It includes: detection unit 41, application unit 42, replacement unit 43.
Detection unit 41, for detecting the bad block type of bad block when bad block occurs in user data area.
Wherein, bad block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block.
Application unit 42, for being bad block application replacement reserved block in trough.
In the present embodiment, replacement reserved block is identical as bad block size.
Replacement unit 43, the bad block type of the bad block for measuring according to detection unit inspection 41, is applied with application unit 42
The replacement reserved block replacement bad block arrived.
In a kind of optional constituted mode the present embodiment provides device, as shown in figure 5, replacement unit 43 includes: data
Writing module 431, the first modified module 432, or replacement subelement 43 includes: the second modified module 433.
When bad block type belonging to detection unit 41 detects bad block is to read and write bad block, replacement unit 43 includes: data
Writing module 431, the first modified module 432.
Data write. module 431, for reserved block to be replaced in the data write-in in bad block.
First modified module 432, the label for modifying the replacement reserved block applied are the label of block；Being also used to will
The label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
It is worth noting that bad block is to store being good for for valid data when detecting bad block bad block type to read and write bad block
The label of health block, bad block is label, which marks the Health Category for indicating bad block.Wherein, healthy block is storage
One kind of block type in equipment.
When detection unit 41 detects bad block type to wipe unsuccessfully bad block, replacement unit 43 includes: the second modified module
433。
Second modified module 433, the label for modifying the replacement reserved block that will apply are revised as blank marks；Also use
Isolated marks are revised as in replacing the bad block label of bad block.
It is worth noting that after the label for replacing reserved block is revised as blank marks by the second modified module 423, replacement
Reserved block is updated to blank block；Isolated marks replace the label of bad block.
In the present embodiment, when detection unit 41 detects bad block type to wipe unsuccessfully bad block, bad block is to be recycled piece.
It is worth noting that in the present embodiment, bad block is not intended as a kind of type appearance for storing block in equipment, but
When store equipment in different types of piece break down in use when, it may appear that bad block, and the label of bad block, with the block
The label carried before failure is identical.
It is worth noting that if above-mentioned Fig. 4, device shown in fig. 5 are for realizing the above-mentioned method as shown in Fig. 1-1,2,3
Process, for ease of description, only parts related to embodiments of the present invention are shown, disclosed by specific technical details, please join
According to the related content description of Fig. 1-1 to various embodiments of the present invention shown in Fig. 3.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of processing units for storing equipment bad block, and storage device configurations have: number of users
According to area, area, trough are supplied more than the planned quota, when bad block occurs in user data area, bad block type is detected by detection unit, and pass through application
Unit is bad block application replacement reserved block in trough, and then is replaced according to bad block type with replacement reserved block by replacement unit
Change the bad block of appearance.It in the prior art, is by being used to actually deposit in storage equipment when bad block occurs in user data area
Bad block is isolated in the area that supplies more than the planned quota of storage user data, and the amplification coefficient so as to cause storage equipment becomes larger, and stores the IOPS of equipment not
Stablize, and in technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, bad block is replaced by reserved block, this makes it possible to guarantee to supply more than the planned quota area
Space invariance, to significantly improve the IOPS stability of storage equipment.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides storage equipment, Fig. 6 is a kind of storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Structural schematic diagram, it is each to the present invention shown in fig. 5 that storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be used for implementing above-mentioned Fig. 1-1
The method that embodiment is realized, for ease of description, only parts related to embodiments of the present invention are shown, and particular technique details is not
It discloses, please refers to Fig. 1-1 to various embodiments of the present invention shown in fig. 5.
The storage equipment can be SSD, can also be any product using Flash chip storing data, such as USB flash disk, hand
Machine etc., and the storage equipment formed using similar other storage chips with Flash chip storing data form, the present invention are real
It applies example to be illustrated for storing equipment and be SSD, Fig. 6 shows the part of SSD 60 relevant to various embodiments of the present invention
The schematic diagram of structure.
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of storage equipment, comprising: memory 61, the equal components of processor 62.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that SSD structure shown in Fig. 6 does not constitute the restriction to SSD, it may include than illustrating more
More or less component perhaps combines certain components or different component layouts.
It is specifically introduced below with reference to each component parts of the Fig. 6 to SSD 60:
Memory 61 can be read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), static storage device, dynamic memory
Equipment perhaps in random access memory (Random Access Memory RAM) or SSD, SSD Flash realization structure
Include: single-layer type storage element (Single-Level Cell, SLC) or multiple field storage element (Multi-Level Cell,
) or three-layer type storage unit (Triple-Level Cell, TLC) MLC.Memory 61 can store an operating system answers with other
Use program.When by software or firmware to realize technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for realizing of the invention real
The program code for applying the technical solution of example offer is stored in memory 61, and is executed by processor 62.In the present embodiment,
Memory 61 is configured with: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and user data area is used for actual storage number of users with area is supplied more than the planned quota
According to trough includes reserved block.
Processor 62, for being coupled with memory 61, for controlling the execution of program instruction, specifically for equipment will be stored
Memory space be configured that user data area, supply more than the planned quota area, trough, user data area supplies more than the planned quota area's use for storing user data
In providing caching for user data, trough includes reserved block.
Processor 62 is also used to detect the bad block type of bad block when bad block occurs in user data area；It is in trough
Reserved block is replaced in bad block application；According to the bad block type of bad block, bad block is replaced with replacement reserved block.
Wherein, bad block type includes: read-write bad block and wiping unsuccessfully bad block；It is identical as bad block size to replace reserved block.
Processor 62 is also used to when bad block type is reads and writes bad block, and the data write-in replacement in bad block is reserved
Block, and the label for replacing reserved block is revised as to the label of bad block；The label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
It is worth noting that bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data when detecting bad block type to read and write bad block,
The label of bad block is label, which marks the Health Category for indicating bad block, wherein healthy block is in storage equipment
One kind of block type.
Processor 62 is also used to that the label for replacing reserved block is revised as blank when bad block type is wipes unsuccessfully bad block
Label；The label of bad block is revised as isolated marks.
When bad block type is to wipe unsuccessfully bad block, bad block is to be recycled piece.
It should be noted that being implemented although hardware shown in fig. 6 illustrate only memory 61, processor 62
Cheng Zhong, it should be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the terminal also includes to realize to operate normally other necessary devices.Meanwhile
According to specific needs, it should be apparent to a person skilled in the art that also may include the hardware device for realizing other function.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of storage equipment, which has: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, is pre-
Area is stayed, and then when bad block occurs in user data area, bad block type is detected by processor, and be bad block application in trough
Reserved block is replaced, and then according to bad block type, replaces this bad block with replacement reserved block.In the prior art, when storage is set
It is that bad block is isolated by the area that supplies more than the planned quota in storage equipment for actual storage user data, to lead when the standby bad block of middle appearance
The amplification coefficient of storage equipment is caused to become larger, the IOPS for storing equipment is unstable, and in technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention
In, bad block is replaced by reserved block, this makes it possible to guarantee to supply more than the planned quota area's space invariance, to significantly improve the IOPS of storage equipment
Stability
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, only with above-mentioned each function
The division progress of module can according to need and for example, in practical application by above-mentioned function distribution by different function moulds
Block is completed, i.e., the internal structure of device is divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above
Energy.The specific work process of the system, apparatus, and unit of foregoing description, can be with reference to corresponding in preceding method embodiment
Journey, details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the module or
The division of unit, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units
Or component can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, institute
Display or the mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some interfaces, device or unit
Indirect coupling or communication connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated unit is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and sells or use as independent product
When, it can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention is substantially
The all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in the form of software products in other words
It embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
It is each that equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) execute the present invention
The all or part of the steps of embodiment the method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory
(ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk
Etc. the various media that can store program code.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of processing method for storing equipment bad block, the method is applied to storage equipment, which is characterized in that the storage is set
Standby to be configured with: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is for storing user data, the trough packet
Include reserved block；
The described method includes:
It is the bad block application replacement reserved block in the trough when bad block occurs in the user data area, it is described to replace
It is identical as the bad block size to change reserved block；
The bad block is replaced with the replacement reserved block, so that the area that supplies more than the planned quota keeps storage in the storage equipment use
Space invariance.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described replace the bad block packet with the replacement reserved block
It includes:
The replacement reserved block is written into data in the bad block, and the label of the replacement reserved block is revised as described bad
The label of block；
The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the bad block be store valid data healthy block, it is described
The label of bad block is label, and the health marks the Health Category for indicating the bad block, and the health block is described
Store one kind of block type in equipment.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein described replace the bad block packet with the replacement reserved block
It includes:
The label of the replacement reserved block is revised as blank marks；
The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the bad block is to be recycled piece.
6. method described in -5 any one according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the trough is according to the storage equipment
The bad number of blocks generated in use determines memory space.
7. a kind of processing unit for storing equipment bad block, which is characterized in that described device is applied to storage equipment, and the storage is set
Standby to be configured with: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area is for storing user data, the trough packet
Include reserved block；
Described device includes:
Application unit, for for being the bad block application in the trough when bad block occurs in the user data area
Reserved block is replaced, the replacement reserved block is identical as the bad block size；
Replacement unit, the replacement reserved block for being arrived with the application unit application replaces the bad block, so that described
Supply more than the planned quota area keeps memory space constant in the storage equipment use.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the replacement unit includes:
Data write. module, for the replacement reserved block to be written in the data in the bad block；
First modified module, the label for modifying the replacement reserved block applied are the label of bad block；It is also used to
The label of the bad block is replaced with into the isolated marks.
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
The bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data, and the label of the bad block is label, and the health label is used for
Indicate that the Health Category of the bad block, the health block are one kind of block type in the storage equipment.
10. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The replacement unit includes:
Second modified module, for the label for the replacement reserved block applied to be revised as blank marks；It is also used to institute
The label for stating bad block is revised as the isolated marks.
11. device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the bad block is to be recycled piece.
12. according to device of the claim 7-11 described in any one, which is characterized in that the trough is set according to the storage
The standby bad number of blocks generated in use determines memory space.
13. a kind of storage equipment, which is characterized in that the storage equipment includes memory and processor, is matched in the memory
Be equipped with: user data area supplies more than the planned quota area, trough, and the user data area includes pre- for storing user data, the trough
Stay block；
The processor, for controlling the execution of program instruction, is specifically used for working as the user for coupling with the memory
When bad block occurs in data field, it is the bad block application replacement reserved block in the trough, is replaced with the replacement reserved block
The bad block, so that the area that supplies more than the planned quota keeps memory space constant in the storage equipment use；
The replacement reserved block is identical as the bad block size.
14. storage equipment according to claim 13,
The processor is also used to, and the data in the bad block are written the replacement reserved block, and by the replacement reserved block
Label be revised as the label of the bad block；The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
15. storage equipment according to claim 14, which is characterized in that
The bad block is the healthy block for storing valid data, and the label of the bad block is label, and the health label is used for
Indicate that the Health Category of the bad block, the health block are one kind of block type in the storage equipment.
16. storage equipment according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the processor is also used to the replacement is reserved
The label of block is revised as blank marks；The label of the bad block is revised as isolated marks.
17. storage equipment according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the bad block is to be recycled piece.
18. storage equipment of the 3-17 described in any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that deposited according to the trough
The bad number of blocks that storage equipment generates in use determines memory space.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811596218.2A CN109783017B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Storage device bad block processing method and device and storage device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811596218.2A CN109783017B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Storage device bad block processing method and device and storage device |
| CN201510041961.1A CN104615550B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | It is a kind of to store the processing method of equipment bad block, device and storage equipment |
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| CN201510041961.1A Division CN104615550B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | It is a kind of to store the processing method of equipment bad block, device and storage equipment |
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| CN112612418B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2024-03-08 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Method and system for managing large-capacity NandFlash bad blocks |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104615550B (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| WO2016119617A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
| CN104615550A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| CN109783017B (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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