CN109780748B - Air-supplementing type ultralow-loop-temperature air source heat pump unit and heating and refrigerating operation method thereof - Google Patents
Air-supplementing type ultralow-loop-temperature air source heat pump unit and heating and refrigerating operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air-supplementing type ultralow-loop-temperature air source heat pump unit and a heating and refrigerating operation method thereof. The air-supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit disclosed by the invention not only realizes refrigeration operation, but also realizes automatic switching of two working modes of single compressor operation and two compressor air-supply type operation, which have different outdoor temperatures, in the heating period, when the outdoor temperature is relatively high, the single compressor can be operated in a frequency conversion mode, and when the outdoor temperature is lower, an external energy source is provided for an economizer through a small-capacity compressor, and the large-capacity compressor is operated in an air-supply mode, so that the operation performance of the unit is improved, and the heating capacity of the large-capacity compressor is improved by 32%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air-supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit and a heating and refrigerating operation method thereof, in particular to an air-supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit which introduces external energy into an economizer through a heat pump and a heating and refrigerating operation method thereof.
Background
At present, the country actively pushes the 'coal-to-clean energy', the air source heat pump heating is gradually applied to the heating area in the north, but the problems of low energy efficiency ratio and insufficient heating capacity are caused by the fact that the working compression ratio of a heat pump compressor is increased due to the fact that the outdoor temperature is lower and the building load is larger in the winter of a severe cold area, particularly in extreme severe cold weather, only a larger compressor can be selected, and the cost is seriously increased. Thus, the indoor heat load is usually small in the initial and final stages of the dominant heating, and the unit runs under low load for a long time in the initial and final stages of the heating, so that the large horse pulls the small vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air-supplementing type ultralow-loop-temperature air source heat pump unit with a heat pump type economizer, which is suitable for a low-temperature area and can operate according to different mechanisms of outdoor air temperature and a heating and refrigerating operation method thereof. The unit operates by a single compressor mechanism at the initial stage and the final stage of heating with relatively high outdoor temperature; during heating with lower outdoor temperature, external energy is introduced into the economizer through the heat pump, the two compressors are used for air supply type mechanism operation, when the working state of the large-capacity compressor is unchanged, the heating capacity of the unit can be improved by 32 percent or even higher, and the heating requirement of the unit in an ultralow temperature environment is met.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an ultra-low ring temperature air source heat pump unit of tonifying qi type, includes main way large capacity frequency conversion tonifying qi type compressor, main way expansion valve, indoor heat exchanger, tonifying qi way solenoid valve, tonifying qi way expansion valve, auxiliary expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger, economic ware, supplementary small capacity roll rotor compressor and four-way reversing valve, wherein:
the first interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an air suction port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor, the second interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an air exhaust port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor, and the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of a main path of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with two branches, wherein one branch is directly connected with one end of an air supplement path electromagnetic valve, the other end of the air supplement path electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of an air supplement path expansion valve, the other end of the air supplement path expansion valve is connected with a first interface of an economizer, and a second interface of the economizer is connected with an air supplement port of a main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor; the other branch is connected with one end of a main path expansion valve, and the other end of the main path expansion valve is connected with the other end of the main path of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the exhaust port of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor is connected with the third interface of the economizer, the fourth interface of the economizer is connected with one end of the auxiliary expansion valve, the other end of the auxiliary expansion valve is connected with one end of an auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the other end of the auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the air suction port of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor.
A heating and refrigerating operation method of the air supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit comprises the following three operation methods:
firstly, a heating single compressor operates:
when the outdoor air temperature is higher than the set temperature, the air supplement circuit electromagnetic valve is closed, the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor does not work, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main high-capacity variable-frequency air supplement type compressor, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger after passing through the four-way reversing valve, is condensed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, enters the main expansion valve after exiting from the indoor heat exchanger to be changed into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb outdoor heat to be changed into low-pressure gas, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and is finally.
Secondly, air supply type operation of two compressors for heating:
when the outdoor air temperature is lower than or equal to the set temperature, the air supply circuit electromagnetic valve is opened to assist the small-capacity rolling rotor compressor to work; high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid coming out of the indoor heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path enters a main path expansion valve, the subsequent process is consistent with the operation mode of a single compressor, the other path enters an air supply path expansion valve through an air supply path electromagnetic valve for throttling, the heat of the liquid refrigerant of the auxiliary circulation loop is absorbed by an economizer so as to be changed into gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters a main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor to be mixed with the gas refrigerant absorbed by the main path and further compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally the gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger to release heat so as to be changed;
in the auxiliary refrigerant circulation loop, after the gas refrigerant releases heat from the economizer to the liquid refrigerant in the gas supply path, the gas refrigerant is throttled by the auxiliary expansion valve to become the liquid refrigerant, then the liquid refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb outdoor heat to become the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor to be compressed into the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally the gas refrigerant enters the economizer again to perform the heat release and condensation process, so that the cycle is repeated.
Thirdly, refrigerating operation:
the electromagnetic valve of the gas supplementing path is closed, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main path high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, is subjected to heat exchange and condensation by the outdoor environment to form high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, then is subjected to throttling process through the main path expansion valve to form low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the indoor heat exchanger, absorbs heat to form low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally is sucked into the main path high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor again after coming.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the two working modes of single compressor operation and two compressor air-supply type operation, which have different outdoor temperatures, are automatically switched during heating, when the outdoor temperature is relatively high, the single compressor can be operated in a frequency conversion mode, when the outdoor temperature is lower, external energy is provided for an economizer through a small-capacity compressor, and the large-capacity compressor is operated in an air-supply mode, so that the unit operation performance is improved, and the heat supply capacity of the large-capacity compressor is improved by 32%.
2. The independent refrigerant circulation loop at the economizer side has lower condensation temperature and small compression ratio, the power consumption increased by the arrangement of the small-capacity compressor is low, the heat required by the refrigerant in the gas supplementing circuit is provided to meet the requirement of mixing with a main circuit, the overheating loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat supply of the indoor condenser can be greatly improved.
3. When the air conditioner runs in winter, the independent auxiliary refrigerant circulation loop on the economizer side and the main path share the evaporator, and therefore the space of the fan is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an air-supplying ultra-low ambient temperature air source heat pump unit of the present invention, wherein: 1-main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air-supply type compressor; 2-indoor heat exchanger; 3-main path expansion valve; 4-outdoor heat exchanger; 5-air supply path expansion valve; 6-an economizer; 7-an auxiliary expansion valve; 8-auxiliary small capacity rolling rotor compressor; 9-air supply circuit electromagnetic valve; 10-four-way reversing valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an air supply type ultralow ring temperature air source heat pump unit for introducing external energy to an economizer through a heat pump, as shown in figure 1, the air supply type ultralow ring temperature air source heat pump unit comprises a main circuit high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor 1, an indoor heat exchanger 2, a main circuit expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an air supply circuit expansion valve 5, an economizer 6, an auxiliary expansion valve 7, an auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8, an air supply circuit electromagnetic valve 9 and a four-way reversing valve 10, wherein:
a first interface 10a of the four-way reversing valve 10 is connected with an air suction port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor 1, a second interface 10b of the four-way reversing valve 10 is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger 2, a third interface 10c of the four-way reversing valve 10 is connected with an air exhaust port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor 1, a fourth interface 10d of the four-way reversing valve 10 is connected with one end of a main path of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, in a heating mode, the first interface 10a is communicated with the fourth interface 10d, the second interface 10b is communicated with the third interface 10c, in a cooling mode, the first interface 10a is communicated with the second interface 10b, and the third interface 10c is communicated with the fourth interface 10 d;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 2 is connected with two branches, wherein one branch is directly connected with one end of an air supplement path electromagnetic valve 9, the other end of the air supplement path electromagnetic valve 9 is connected with one end of an air supplement path expansion valve 5, the other end of the air supplement path expansion valve 5 is connected with a first interface 6a of an economizer 6, and a second interface 6b of the economizer 6 is connected with an air supplement port of the main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor 1; the other branch is connected with one end of a main path expansion valve 3, and the other end of the main path expansion valve 3 is connected with the other end of the main path of the outdoor heat exchanger 4;
an exhaust port of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8 is connected with a third interface 6c of the economizer 6, a fourth interface 6d of the economizer 6 is connected with one end of an auxiliary expansion valve 7, the other end of the auxiliary expansion valve 7 is connected with one end of an auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the other end of the auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is connected with an air suction port of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8.
In the invention, the heating capacity ratio of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor 1 and the auxiliary low-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8 in the operation mode of the two heating compressors is 3-5.
In the invention, the main expansion valve 3, the air supply expansion valve 5 and the auxiliary expansion valve 7 can be any one of a thermal expansion valve, a throttle orifice plate, a capillary tube and an electronic expansion valve.
In the present invention, the main circuit and the auxiliary refrigerant circuit share one outdoor heat exchanger 4.
In the invention, in the heating mode of the unit, the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is equivalent to an evaporator in function, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 is equivalent to a condenser; in the cooling mode, the outdoor heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 functions as an evaporator.
The air supply type low-temperature air source heat pump unit with the heat pump type economizer provided by the invention is divided into the following three methods to realize operation in a heating and cooling operation mode, and the specific working flow is as follows:
1. operation of single compressor for heating
At this time, the general outdoor air temperature is relatively high, the outdoor air temperature is higher than the set temperature, the air supplement circuit electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8 does not work, the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main circuit large-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor 1, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger 2 through the four-way reversing valve 10, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant is condensed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the main circuit expansion valve 3 from the indoor heat exchanger 2 to become low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to absorb outdoor heat to become low-pressure gas, the low.
2. Air-supply type operation of two compressors for heating
When the outdoor air temperature is lower than or equal to the set temperature, the air supply circuit electromagnetic valve 9 is opened to assist the small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8 to work. The high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid coming out of the indoor heat exchanger 2 is divided into two paths, one path enters the main path expansion valve 3, the subsequent process is consistent with the operation mode of a single compressor, the other path enters the air supply path expansion valve 5 through the air supply path electromagnetic valve 9 for throttling, the economizer 6 absorbs the heat of the liquid refrigerant of another independent auxiliary circulation loop, so that the liquid refrigerant is changed into gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters the main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor 1 to be mixed with the gas refrigerant absorbed by the main path to be further compressed into the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally the gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger 2 to release heat to be changed into the.
There is a separate auxiliary refrigerant circulation loop on the other side of the economizer: after the gas refrigerant releases heat in the economizer 6 to the liquid refrigerant in the gas supply path, the gas refrigerant is throttled by the auxiliary expansion valve 7 to become the liquid refrigerant, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 to absorb outdoor heat to become the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, then enters the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor 8 to be compressed into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, finally enters the economizer 6 again to perform the heat release and condensation process, and the process is repeated.
3. Refrigeration operation
When refrigeration is needed, the air supply path electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor 1, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 through the four-way reversing valve 10, is subjected to heat exchange and condensation by the outdoor environment to form high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, then is subjected to a throttling process through the main path expansion valve 3 to form low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the indoor heat exchanger 2, absorbs heat to form low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally is sucked into the main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor 1 again after coming out.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-low ring temperature air source heat pump unit of tonifying qi type, its characterized in that the unit includes main way large capacity frequency conversion tonifying qi type compressor, main way expansion valve, indoor heat exchanger, tonifying qi way solenoid valve, tonifying qi way expansion valve, auxiliary expansion valve, outdoor heat exchanger, economic ware, supplementary small capacity roll rotor compressor and four-way reversing valve, wherein:
the first interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an air suction port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor, the second interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of the indoor heat exchanger, the third interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with an air exhaust port of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor, and the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve is connected with one end of a main path of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with two branches, wherein one branch is directly connected with one end of an air supplement path electromagnetic valve, the other end of the air supplement path electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of an air supplement path expansion valve, the other end of the air supplement path expansion valve is connected with a first interface of an economizer, and a second interface of the economizer is connected with an air supplement port of a main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supplement type compressor; the other branch is connected with one end of a main path expansion valve, and the other end of the main path expansion valve is connected with the other end of the main path of the outdoor heat exchanger;
the air outlet of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor is connected with the third interface of the economizer, the fourth interface of the economizer is connected with one end of an auxiliary expansion valve, the other end of the auxiliary expansion valve is connected with one end of an auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the other end of the auxiliary circuit of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with an air suction port of the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor;
the working process of the unit is as follows:
(1) operation of single compressor for heating
When the outdoor air temperature is higher than the set temperature, the electromagnetic valve of the gas supplementing circuit is closed, the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor does not work, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas by the main-circuit large-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger after passing through the four-way reversing valve, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is condensed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the main-circuit expansion valve after coming out of the indoor heat exchanger and is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then the low-;
(2) air-supply type operation of two compressors for heating
When the outdoor air temperature is lower than or equal to the set temperature, the electromagnetic valve of the air supply circuit is opened, the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor works, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid coming out of the indoor heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path enters the main circuit expansion valve, the subsequent process is consistent with the operation mode of a single compressor, the other path enters the air supply circuit expansion valve through the air supply circuit electromagnetic valve for throttling, the heat of the liquid refrigerant of the other independent auxiliary circulation circuit is absorbed by the economizer so as to be changed into gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters the main circuit large-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor and is mixed with the gas refrigerant absorbed by the main circuit so as to be further compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally;
there is a separate auxiliary refrigerant circulation loop on the other side of the economizer: after the gas refrigerant releases heat to the liquid refrigerant in the gas supply path in the economizer, the gas refrigerant is throttled by an auxiliary expansion valve to become the liquid refrigerant, then enters an outdoor heat exchanger to absorb outdoor heat to become the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, then enters an auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor to be compressed into the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, finally enters the economizer again to perform a heat release condensation process, and the process is repeated;
(3) refrigeration operation
When refrigeration is needed, the electromagnetic valve of the gas supplementing circuit is closed, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main circuit high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, is subjected to heat exchange and condensation by the outdoor environment to form high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, then is subjected to a throttling process through the main circuit expansion valve to form low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the indoor heat exchanger, absorbs heat to form low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally is sucked into the main circuit high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor again after.
2. The air-supplying type ultra-low ring temperature air source heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein in the heating mode of the unit, the first interface and the fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, and the second interface and the third interface are communicated; under the refrigeration mode, the first interface and the second interface of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, and the third interface and the fourth interface are communicated.
3. The air-supplementing type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating capacity ratio of the main-path high-capacity frequency conversion air-supplementing type compressor to the auxiliary low-capacity rolling rotor compressor is 3-5.
4. The air-supplying type ultra-low loop temperature air source heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein the main expansion valve, the air-supplying expansion valve and the auxiliary expansion valve are any one of a thermostatic expansion valve, a throttle orifice plate, a capillary tube and an electronic expansion valve.
5. A heating operation method of an air-supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating operation method is a heating single-compressor operation mode, and the specific operation mode is as follows:
when the outdoor air temperature is higher than the set temperature, the air supplement circuit electromagnetic valve is closed, the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor does not work, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main high-capacity variable-frequency air supplement type compressor, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger after passing through the four-way reversing valve, is condensed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, enters the main expansion valve after exiting from the indoor heat exchanger to be changed into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb outdoor heat to be changed into low-pressure gas, passes through the four-way reversing valve, and is finally.
6. A heating operation method of an air-supply type ultralow-ring-temperature air source heat pump unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating operation method is a two-compressor air-supply type heating operation mode, and the specific operation mode is as follows:
when the outdoor air temperature is lower than or equal to the set temperature, the air supply circuit electromagnetic valve is opened to assist the small-capacity rolling rotor compressor to work; high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid coming out of the indoor heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path enters a main path expansion valve, the subsequent process is consistent with the operation mode of a single compressor, the other path enters an air supply path expansion valve through an air supply path electromagnetic valve for throttling, the heat of the liquid refrigerant of the auxiliary circulation loop is absorbed by an economizer so as to be changed into gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters a main path high-capacity frequency conversion air supply type compressor to be mixed with the gas refrigerant absorbed by the main path and further compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally the gas refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchanger to release heat so as to be changed;
in the auxiliary refrigerant circulation loop, after the gas refrigerant releases heat from the economizer to the liquid refrigerant in the gas supply path, the gas refrigerant is throttled by the auxiliary expansion valve to become the liquid refrigerant, then the liquid refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger to absorb outdoor heat to become the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant, then the gas refrigerant enters the auxiliary small-capacity rolling rotor compressor to be compressed into the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally the gas refrigerant enters the economizer again to perform the heat release and condensation process, so that the cycle is repeated.
7. The refrigerating operation method of the air-supply type ultra-low loop temperature air source heat pump unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the refrigerating operation method is as follows:
the electromagnetic valve of the gas supplementing path is closed, low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas through the main path high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor, then enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, is subjected to heat exchange and condensation by the outdoor environment to form high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, then is subjected to throttling process through the main path expansion valve to form low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant liquid, then enters the indoor heat exchanger, absorbs heat to form low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and finally is sucked into the main path high-capacity frequency conversion gas supplementing type compressor again after coming.
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