CN110332635B - Double-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, control method and air conditioner - Google Patents
Double-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, control method and air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN110332635B CN110332635B CN201910616387.6A CN201910616387A CN110332635B CN 110332635 B CN110332635 B CN 110332635B CN 201910616387 A CN201910616387 A CN 201910616387A CN 110332635 B CN110332635 B CN 110332635B
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Cl AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, a control method and an air conditioner, wherein the refrigeration heat pump system comprises: the high-pressure stage compression part (100) and the low-pressure stage compression part (200), a first air supplementing inlet (101) is arranged between the high-pressure stage compression part (100) and the low-pressure stage compression part (200), a second air supplementing inlet (201) is further arranged in the low-pressure stage compression part (200), the high-pressure stage compression part further comprises a first air supplementing component (3) and a second air supplementing component (4), the first air supplementing component (3) is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet (101) to supplement air from the first air supplementing inlet (101), and the second air supplementing component (4) is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet (201) to supplement air from the second air supplementing inlet (201). The invention effectively reduces the first-stage compression part compared with the prior art while realizing the function of air supplementing twice, thereby leading the compression mechanism to be simpler, reducing compression loss and cost, and effectively improving the performance and reliability of circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioners, and particularly relates to a two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, a control method and an air conditioner.
Background
The vapor compression cycle with air supplementing is a very effective way for improving the performance of a refrigeration/heat pump system, and the quasi-two-stage compression technology and the two-stage compression technology of air supplementing in a working cavity are two common technical means. Along with the popularization and application of the air source heat pump technology in northern areas of China, the existing air supplementing technology still has the restriction factors of small adaptation environment temperature range, insufficient heating capacity and low-temperature heating energy efficiency, and the comfort, energy conservation and reliability of the air source heat pump technology in cold/severe cold areas are affected. In the prior art, a three-stage compression (such as CN 102062496B) and two-time air supplementing mode is simply adopted to further decompose the pressure ratio and increase the flow of the refrigerant, so that the performance of the system in a low-temperature environment is improved. However, this increases the number of compression parts, the number of moving parts, and the number of times of exhaustion, so that the performance and reliability of the cycle cannot be significantly improved, and the cost is greatly increased.
Because the air source heat pump with air supplementing function in the prior art is poor in comfort, energy conservation and reliability in cold/severe cold areas; the invention discloses a two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, a control method and an air conditioner, which are researched and designed because the air supplementing is increased by increasing a compression stage in a three-stage compression and two-time air-supplementing refrigeration cycle system, the compression mechanism is complex, the compression loss is increased, the performance and the reliability of the lifting cycle are not obvious, the realization cost is high, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects that the compression mechanism is complex and the compression loss is increased because the air source heat pump with air supplementing needs to be additionally provided with the compression stage for two times of air supplementing in the prior art, thereby providing a two-stage compression multi-air supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, a control method and an air conditioner.
The invention provides a two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, which comprises:
the high-pressure stage compression part and the low-pressure stage compression part are provided with a first air supplementing inlet between the high-pressure stage compression part and the low-pressure stage compression part, the low-pressure stage compression part is also provided with a second air supplementing inlet, the high-pressure stage compression part further comprises a first air supplementing assembly and a second air supplementing assembly, the first air supplementing assembly is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position, and the second air supplementing assembly is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first air supplementing assembly comprises a first flash evaporator, the first flash evaporator comprises a first inlet end, a first gas outlet end and a first liquid outlet end, and the first gas outlet end is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet through a first pipeline; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second air supplementing assembly comprises a second flash evaporator, the second flash evaporator comprises a second inlet end, a second gas outlet end and a second liquid outlet end, and the second gas outlet end is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet through a second pipeline.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a control valve is further arranged on the second pipeline; and/or the first liquid outlet end is communicated with the second inlet end through a third pipeline, and a first throttling device is arranged on the third pipeline.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compressor, the second heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compressor, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the first inlet end of the first flash evaporator, and a second throttling device is further arranged between the first heat exchanger and the first flash evaporator; the second heat exchanger is communicated with a second liquid outlet end of the second flash evaporator, and a third throttling device is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the second flash evaporator;
or, the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compressor, the second heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compressor, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the first liquid outlet end of the first flash evaporator, and a second throttling device is further arranged between the first heat exchanger and the first flash evaporator; the second heat exchanger is communicated with a second inlet end of the second flash evaporator, and a third throttling device is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the second flash evaporator.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first make-up assembly includes a first intermediate heat exchanger or a first economizer and the second make-up assembly includes a second intermediate heat exchanger or a second economizer.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first temperature detection device capable of detecting the first heat exchanger and a second temperature detection device capable of detecting the second heat exchanger, and the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a controller, when the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a control valve, the controller can control the control valve to be opened or closed according to the temperatures detected by the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device so as to perform two-time air supplement or one-time air supplement.
The invention also provides a control method of the refrigeration heat pump system, which uses the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, and judges and controls the system to perform air supplementing twice or air supplementing once according to the temperature relation of the two heat exchangers.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a detection step of detecting a refrigerant temperature T1 in the first heat exchanger and detecting a refrigerant temperature T2 in the second heat exchanger;
judging, namely judging whether T1 is larger than T2;
and executing the second operation mode of one-time air supplementing by controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed if the judgment result of the judgment step is T1< T2.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the judging step is further used for calculating saturated steam pressures P1 and P2 under the corresponding temperatures of T1 and T2 when T1> T2 is judged, and judging whether P1/P2 is larger than n, wherein n is a set value;
the executing step is further used for controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed when the P1/P2 is smaller than n, and executing a second operation mode of one-time air supplementing; and when the P1/P2 is judged to be larger than n, a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system is controlled to be opened, and a first operation mode of two air supplementing is executed.
The invention also provides an air conditioner, which comprises the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system.
The two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, the control method and the air conditioner provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the first air supplementing inlet is arranged between the two compression parts, the second air supplementing inlet is arranged in the low-pressure stage compression part, the first air supplementing component is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position, and the second air supplementing component is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position, so that two times of air supplementing in double-stage compression can be realized, compared with a traditional double-stage enthalpy-increasing refrigerating system, the air supplementing amount is further improved, the supercooling degree of the refrigerant is increased, and the refrigerating/heating quantity and the performance coefficient are improved; compared with the scheme that the traditional air-supplementing enthalpy-increasing refrigerating system needs to be provided with three-stage compression if two air supplementing is needed, the invention can be realized by only two-stage compression parts, so that the two air supplementing functions are realized, and meanwhile, compared with the existing scheme, the one-stage compression part is effectively reduced, thereby the compression mechanism is simpler, the compression loss is reduced, the cost is lower, and the circulation performance and reliability are effectively improved; compared with the inter-stage air supplementing, the air supplementing of the air suction port of the compressor and the air supplementing of the inter-stage air supplementing and the air supplementing of the high-pressure cylinder, the scheme of the two-stage air supplementing of the invention has the advantages that the air supplementing expansion loss is small because the air is directly supplemented into the low-pressure cylinder, the temperature of the low-pressure cylinder can be directly reduced, the compression efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is improved, the reliability of the compressor is improved, the supercooling of more than two times can be realized, and the refrigerating/heating capacity is greatly improved.
2. The invention also provides a mode switching method of the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing system, which adopts a two-stage compression two-time air-supplementing mode during heating and adopts a two-stage compression single-time air-supplementing mode during refrigeration and defrosting, so that the circulation system has optimal performance under different working conditions and different temperatures, and the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first mode of operation and refrigerant circulation flow path of a dual stage compression multi-make-up system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second mode of operation of the dual stage compression multi-make-up system and refrigerant circulation flow path of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a pressure enthalpy diagram of a first mode of operation of the invention;
fig. 4 is a pressure enthalpy diagram of a second mode of operation of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method of the refrigeration heat pump system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a first mode of operation and refrigerant circulation flow path of a dual stage compression multi-make-up system (alternate embodiment) of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a pressure enthalpy diagram of the mode of operation of fig. 6.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
100. a high-pressure stage compression section; 200. a low-pressure stage compression section; 101. a first air supply inlet; 201. a second air supply inlet; 3. a first air supplementing assembly; 31. a first flash; 31a, a first inlet end; 31b, a first gas outlet end; 31c, a first liquid outlet end; 111. a first pipeline; 32. a first intermediate heat exchanger; 4. a second air supplementing assembly; 41. a second flash evaporator; 41a, a second inlet end; 41b, a second gas outlet end; 41c, a second liquid outlet end; 112. a second pipeline; 113. a third pipeline; 51. a first throttling means (preferably an expansion valve B); 52. a second throttling means (preferably an expansion valve a); 53. a third throttling means (preferably an expansion valve C); 6. a control valve; 71. a first heat exchanger; 72. and a second heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a two-stage compression multi-air-make-up refrigeration heat pump system, comprising:
the high-pressure stage compression part 100 and the low-pressure stage compression part 200 are provided with a first air supplementing inlet 101 between the high-pressure stage compression part 100 and the low-pressure stage compression part 200, the low-pressure stage compression part 200 is also provided with a second air supplementing inlet 201, the low-pressure stage compression part further comprises a first air supplementing assembly 3 and a second air supplementing assembly 4, the first air supplementing assembly 3 is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet 101 to supplement air at the position, and the second air supplementing assembly 4 is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet 201 to supplement air at the position.
The first air supplementing inlet is arranged between the two compression parts, the second air supplementing inlet is arranged in the low-pressure stage compression part, the first air supplementing component is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position, the second air supplementing component is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet to supplement air at the position, and two times of air supplementing in the double-stage compression can be realized. Compared with the scheme that the traditional air-supplementing enthalpy-increasing refrigerating system needs to be provided with three-stage compression if two air supplementing is needed, the invention can be realized by only two-stage compression parts, so that the two air supplementing functions are realized, and meanwhile, compared with the existing scheme, the one-stage compression part is effectively reduced, thereby the compression mechanism is simpler, the compression loss is reduced, the cost is lower, and the circulation performance and reliability are effectively improved; compared with the inter-stage air supplementing, the air supplementing of the air suction port of the compressor and the air supplementing of the inter-stage air supplementing and the air supplementing of the high-pressure cylinder, the scheme of the two-stage air supplementing of the invention has the advantages that the air supplementing expansion loss is small because the air is directly supplemented into the low-pressure cylinder, the temperature of the low-pressure cylinder can be directly reduced, the compression efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is improved, the reliability of the compressor is improved, the supercooling of more than two times can be realized, and the refrigerating/heating capacity is greatly improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first air supplementing assembly 3 comprises a first flash evaporator 31, the first flash evaporator 31 comprises a first inlet end 31a, a first gas outlet end 31b and a first liquid outlet end 31c, and the first gas outlet end 31b is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet 101 through a first pipeline 111; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second air supplementing assembly 4 comprises a second flash evaporator 41, the second flash evaporator 41 comprises a second inlet end 41a, a second gas outlet end 41b and a second liquid outlet end 41c, and the second gas outlet end 41b is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet 201 through a second pipeline 112.
The first air supplementing component and the second air supplementing component are in the optimal structural form, and can effectively realize the air supplementing and enthalpy increasing effects between the high-pressure stage compression part and the low-pressure stage compression part through the first pipeline or the second pipeline.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the second pipeline 112 is also provided with a control valve 6; preferably a solenoid valve, and/or said first liquid outlet port 31c communicates with said second inlet port 41a through a third conduit 113, and a first throttling means 51 is provided on said third conduit 113. The invention is a further preferable structural form, the control valve is arranged on the second pipeline, and the valve can be opened and closed according to the needs, for example, a double-stage compression twice air supplementing mode is adopted during heating, and a double-stage compression single air supplementing mode is adopted during cooling and defrosting, so that the performance of the circulation system is optimal under different working conditions and different temperatures, and the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider; and the first throttling device is arranged on the third pipeline, so that the pressure reduction effect can be carried out on the liquid or the gas-liquid mixture which passes through the first flash evaporator or the second flash evaporator, and conditions are provided for the next low-pressure stage flash evaporation.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger 71 and a second heat exchanger 72, the first heat exchanger 71 is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part 100, the second heat exchanger 72 is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part 200, the first heat exchanger 71 is communicated with the first inlet end 31a of the first flash evaporator 31, and a second throttling device 52 is further arranged between the first heat exchanger 71 and the first flash evaporator 31; the second heat exchanger 72 is in communication with the second liquid outlet end 41c of the second flash vessel 41, and a third throttling device 53 is further provided between the second heat exchanger 72 and the second flash vessel 41.
As shown in fig. 1, this is a preferred structural form of the first operation mode in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the first heat exchanger is an indoor heat exchanger, in which a heating cycle is performed in the room.
Alternatively, the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger 71 and a second heat exchanger 72, wherein the first heat exchanger 71 is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part 200, the second heat exchanger 72 is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part 100, the first heat exchanger 71 is communicated with the first liquid outlet end 31c of the first flash evaporator 31, and a second throttling device 52 is further arranged between the first heat exchanger 71 and the first flash evaporator 31; the second heat exchanger 72 communicates with the second inlet end 41a of the second flash evaporator 41, and a third throttling device 53 is further provided between the second heat exchanger 72 and the second flash evaporator 41.
As shown in fig. 2, this is a preferred configuration of the second operation mode in embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the first heat exchanger is an indoor heat exchanger, and the refrigeration cycle or the defrost cycle is performed in the room.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the first make-up assembly 3 comprises a first intermediate heat exchanger 32 or a first economizer and the second make-up assembly 4 comprises a second intermediate heat exchanger (not shown) or a second economizer. The invention is a preferable structural form of an alternative embodiment, flash evaporation, namely gas supplementing, liquid depressurization and enthalpy difference increasing can be realized by replacing a flash evaporator by an intermediate heat exchanger or an economizer, and the enthalpy increasing and supplementing function is realized.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the refrigeration heat pump system further includes a first temperature detecting device capable of detecting in the first heat exchanger and a second temperature detecting device capable of detecting in the second heat exchanger, and the refrigeration heat pump system further includes a controller capable of controlling the control valve to be opened or closed according to the temperatures detected by the first temperature detecting device and the second temperature detecting device to perform two-time air supplement (first operation mode) or one-time air supplement (second operation mode) when further including the control valve 6. The temperature detection and the controller are used for controlling the air supplementing effect differently according to the heating mode or the refrigerating mode or the defrosting mode of the refrigerating system, and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is not large in the refrigerating mode, so that two-stage air supplementing and enthalpy increasing are not needed, and the circulating efficiency can be improved by adopting single-stage air supplementing; and under the heating mode, particularly under the condition of large pressure difference, the two-stage air supplementing and enthalpy increasing are adopted, so that the heating capacity can be effectively improved.
For the two operation modes of the application, a first mode is not limited, a second mode is not limited, and the heating working condition can also be the second mode under proper conditions, so that the energy efficiency of the system is optimal, and a better mode switching control method is shown in fig. 5. The specific flow is as follows: (1) detecting the temperatures T1 and T2 of the refrigerants in the heat exchanger 1 and the heat exchanger 2 in real time, if T1 is smaller than T2, closing the on-off valve and opening a second operation mode for the refrigeration working condition; (2) if T1 is greater than T2, respectively calculating saturated steam pressures p1=f (T1) and p2=f (T2) corresponding to T1 and T2, and calculating a pressure ratio P1/P2; (3) comparing the pressure ratio P1/P2 with a set value n, wherein n is set according to the characteristics of the compressor, and generally takes 3.5-5.5; (4) if P1/P2 is smaller than n, closing the on-off valve, and adopting a second operation mode; (5) if P1/P2 is larger than n, the on-off valve is opened, and a first operation mode is adopted. The step (1) may also adopt a mode of monitoring the state of the four-way valve to determine whether the four-way valve is in the cooling mode or not, and whether the four-way valve is in the second operation mode or not. The mode switching method is adopted, and under the refrigeration/defrosting working condition and the heating mode that the pressure ratio is not more than the set value n, a second operation mode of two-stage compression and single air supplementing is adopted so as to improve the circulation efficiency; and under the heating mode that the pressure ratio reaches more than a set value n, adopting a first operation mode to improve the heating capacity.
FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the dual stage compression multiple make-up system of the present application. As can be seen from the figure, the refrigeration system is composed of a low-pressure stage compression section, a high-pressure stage compression section, a four-way valve, a first heat exchanger 71, an expansion valve a, a first flash evaporator 31, an expansion valve B, a second flash evaporator 41, an expansion valve C, and a second heat exchanger 72. The four-way valve is arranged among the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part, the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part, the first heat exchanger 71 and the second heat exchanger 72 so as to realize the switching of the flow direction of the refrigerant and further realize the switching of the refrigerating/heating modes. A first air supplementing inlet is arranged between the high-pressure stage compression part and the low-pressure stage compression part, the first air supplementing inlet is communicated with an air outlet of a first flash evaporator 31, and the first flash evaporator 31 is arranged between an expansion valve A and an expansion valve B. The middle of the low-pressure stage compression part is provided with a second air supplementing inlet, the second air supplementing inlet is connected with an air outlet of a second flash evaporator 41, an on-off valve is arranged on a connecting channel, and the second flash evaporator 41 is arranged between an expansion valve B and an expansion valve C. In a first operation mode, the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part is communicated with the indoor heat exchanger, the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part is communicated with the outdoor heat exchanger, and the on-off valve is opened.
The circulation process of the refrigerant is as follows: the low-pressure refrigerant 1) flowing out of the second heat exchanger 72 (evaporator) enters the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part, the medium-pressure refrigerant 10 from the second flash evaporator 41 is supplemented into the first air supplementing inlet in the middle of the low-pressure stage compression part, the mixed refrigerant 13) is formed, and the mixed refrigerant is further compressed to the medium pressure 2 and discharged out of the low-pressure compression part; medium pressure refrigerant 7) from the first flash evaporator 31 is fed into the second air feeding inlet and mixed with medium pressure exhaust gas 2) to form medium pressure refrigerant 3); the medium-pressure refrigerant 3) enters the high-pressure stage compression part and is compressed to the high pressure 4) and then is discharged out of the high-pressure stage compressor; the high-pressure refrigerant 4) flows through the four-way valve and then enters the heat exchanger 1 (condenser) to release heat, so as to form a high-pressure liquid refrigerant 5); throttling to form a two-phase refrigerant 6) through an expansion valve A), realizing gas-liquid analysis in a flash evaporator, feeding the gas 7) into the first gas feeding inlet, feeding the liquid 8) into an expansion valve B to throttle again to form a two-phase refrigerant 9), realizing gas-liquid separation in the flash evaporator, feeding the gas 10) into the second gas feeding inlet, feeding the liquid 11) into an expansion valve C to perform third throttling and cooling to form a low-temperature refrigerant 12), and forming the low-pressure gas refrigerant 1) after the heat absorption of a second heat exchanger 72 (evaporator).
The system composition and the circulation process of the refrigerant can be known, and through the two air supplementing processes, the two-phase refrigerant is changed into the liquid refrigerant, so that the two supercooling of the refrigerant is realized, the enthalpy value of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator is further reduced, the enthalpy difference of the evaporation process of the refrigerant is increased, and the refrigerating capacity is improved; by the two air supplementing, the exhaust flow of the compressor is further improved, so that the flow of the refrigerant in the condenser is increased, and the heating capacity of the system is improved. For traditional doublestage compressor, the pressure difference of two-stage compression portion is equivalent, and the compression ratio of low pressure stage compression portion is greater than the compression ratio of high pressure stage, and is generally more than 1.5 times, and compression ratio distribution is uneven, and this application is mended gas at the low pressure jar, can improve low pressure jar compression ratio, improves compression efficiency. Compared with the prior three-stage compression twice air supplementing technology, the compression mechanism is simplified, the overall efficiency of the compressor is greatly increased, and the operation reliability of the compressor is improved.
Fig. 2 is a second mode of operation of an embodiment of the present application. In this operation mode, the on-off valve between the second air supplementing inlet and the air outlet of the second flash evaporator 41 is closed, so that the system operates in a two-stage compression and single air supplementing circulation mode, the second flash evaporator 41 does not play a role in gas-liquid separation any more, the expansion valve C and the expansion valve B work together to realize the throttling of the high-pressure liquid 5) of the refrigerant to the medium-pressure two-phase 6), further the gas-liquid separation is realized in the first flash evaporator 31, the separated gas 7) is supplemented between the low-pressure stage compression part and the high-pressure stage compression part, and the separated liquid 8) enters the expansion valve a. Under the refrigeration working condition, the pressure ratio is lower than that of the heating, and the double-stage compression and single air supplementing effect is better. Through the mode switching of the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing system, the two-stage compression and two-time air-supplementing modes are adopted during heating, and the two-stage compression single-air-supplementing mode is adopted during refrigeration and defrosting, so that the performance of the circulating system is optimal under different working conditions and different temperatures, and the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider.
Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the pressure enthalpy diagram of a first mode system cycle with single stage compression, with the solid line for the first cycle mode of the present application and the dashed line for the single stage compression cycle. The suction mass flow of the low-pressure stage compressor is m0, the first air supplementing mass flow is m1, and the second air supplementing mass flow is m2. Compared with single-stage compression circulation, the circulation flow of the refrigerant is increased from m0 to m0+m1+m2, through 2 times of supercooling, the enthalpy value of the inlet of the evaporator is firstly reduced from h6 (6') to h8 and then reduced to h12, so that the refrigeration/heating capacity of the circulation is greatly improved; the exhaust state 4) of the compressor and the exhaust 4' of the single-stage compression are closer to a saturated steam line, the temperature is lower, the exhaust temperature during the operation of heating with a high pressure ratio is effectively reduced, and the reliability of the compressor is improved; from the compression process, the pressure ratio of single-stage compression is p4/p1, and the scheme of the application decomposes the single-stage compression into p4/p3 and p2/p13, so that the efficiency of each stage of compression is higher, and the efficiency of the compressor is improved.
Fig. 4 shows a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the system cycle in the second mode, with the evaporator enthalpy difference increasing from h1-h6 to h1-h8 over a single subcooling during refrigeration/defrost conditions. Because the pressure ratio is relatively smaller, the air suction density is higher, the two-stage compression and single air supplementing circulation mode is adopted, the requirement of refrigerating capacity can be met, the system control and adjustment are relatively simple, and the energy efficiency is higher.
The refrigeration/heat pump system adopting the scheme has the remarkable characteristics of high energy efficiency under normal temperature working conditions, high pressure ratio and large heating capacity under low temperature working conditions, and can meet the use requirements of different working conditions and different environmental temperatures, so that the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider. Compared with the three-stage compression and two-time air supplementing technology in CN102062496B, the device saves a one-stage compression mechanism and has the technical advantages of simple structure and low cost.
The invention also provides a control method of the refrigeration heat pump system, which uses the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system, and judges and controls the system to perform air supplementing twice or air supplementing once according to the temperature relation of the two heat exchangers.
Compared with the scheme that the traditional air supplementing and enthalpy increasing refrigerating system needs to be provided with three-stage compression if two air supplementing is needed, the control method of the refrigerating heat pump system can be realized by only two-stage compression parts, so that the function of two air supplementing is realized, and meanwhile, compared with the existing scheme, the one-stage compression part is effectively reduced, the compression mechanism is simpler, the compression loss is reduced, the cost is lower, and the circulation performance and reliability are effectively improved; compared with the inter-stage air supplementing, the air supplementing of the air suction port of the compressor and the air supplementing of the inter-stage air supplementing and the air supplementing of the high-pressure cylinder, the scheme of the two-stage air supplementing of the invention has the advantages that the air supplementing expansion loss is small because the air is directly supplemented into the low-pressure cylinder, the temperature of the low-pressure cylinder can be directly reduced, the compression efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is improved, the reliability of the compressor is improved, the supercooling of more than two times can be realized, and the refrigerating/heating capacity is greatly improved.
The air supplementing effect can be controlled differently according to the heating mode or the refrigerating mode or the defrosting mode of the refrigerating system, and the refrigerating mode does not need to adopt double-stage air supplementing and enthalpy increasing due to small indoor and outdoor temperature difference, and the circulating efficiency can be improved by adopting single-stage air supplementing; and under the heating mode, particularly under the condition of large pressure difference, the two-stage air supplementing and enthalpy increasing are adopted, so that the heating capacity can be effectively improved.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
a detection step of detecting a refrigerant temperature T1 in the first heat exchanger and detecting a refrigerant temperature T2 in the second heat exchanger;
judging, namely judging whether T1 is larger than T2;
and executing the second operation mode of one-time air supplementing by controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed if the judgment result of the judgment step is T1< T2.
The method is a primary detection, judgment and control step in the control method, and by the means, whether the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the room corresponds to whether the room belongs to a refrigeration mode or a defrosting mode or a heating mode can be effectively judged, if T1 is smaller than T2, the refrigerating working condition is adopted, the on-off valve is closed, and the second operation mode is started, because the pressure ratio is lower than that of the heating working condition, the two-stage compression and the single air supplementing effect are better. Through the mode switching of the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing system, the two-stage compression and two-time air-supplementing modes are adopted during heating, and the two-stage compression single-air-supplementing mode is adopted during refrigeration and defrosting, so that the performance of the circulating system is optimal under different working conditions and different temperatures, and the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
the judging step is further used for calculating saturated steam pressures P1 and P2 under the corresponding temperatures of T1 and T2 when T1> T2 is judged, and judging whether P1/P2 is larger than n, wherein n is a set value;
the executing step is further used for controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed when the P1/P2 is smaller than n, and executing a second operation mode of one-time air supplementing; and when the P1/P2 is judged to be larger than n, a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system is controlled to be opened, and a first operation mode of two air supplementing is executed.
The method comprises the steps of further detection, calculation, judgment and control in the control method, wherein the means are used for judging whether the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor corresponds to the indoor heating mode, respectively calculating saturated steam pressures P1=f (T1) and P2=f (T2) corresponding to T1 and T2, and calculating the pressure ratio P1/P2; (3) comparing the pressure ratio P1/P2 with a set value n, wherein n is set according to the characteristics of the compressor, and generally takes 3.5-5.5; (4) if P1/P2 is smaller than n, the on-off valve is closed, and a second operation mode is adopted (at the moment, the pressure difference is not large, so that the requirement can be met by adopting single-stage air supplementing and enthalpy increasing, the circulation efficiency can be improved, and the power consumption is low); (5) if P1/P2 is larger than n, the on-off valve is opened, and a first operation mode is adopted. The step (1) may also adopt a mode of monitoring the state of the four-way valve to determine whether the four-way valve is in the cooling mode or not, and whether the four-way valve is in the second operation mode or not. The mode switching method is adopted, and under the refrigeration/defrosting working condition and the heating mode that the pressure ratio is not more than the set value n, a second operation mode of two-stage compression and single air supplementing is adopted so as to improve the circulation efficiency; and under the heating mode that the pressure ratio reaches more than a set value n, adopting a first operation mode to improve the heating capacity.
The invention also provides an air conditioner, which comprises the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system. Compared with the prior art, the air conditioner effectively reduces the first-stage compression part when the same air supplementing effect is achieved, so that the compression mechanism is simpler, the compression loss is reduced, the cost is lower, and the circulation performance and reliability are effectively improved; compared with the inter-stage air supplementing, the air supplementing of the air suction port of the compressor and the air supplementing of the inter-stage air supplementing and the air supplementing of the high-pressure cylinder, the scheme of the two-stage air supplementing of the invention has the advantages that the air supplementing expansion loss is small because the air is directly supplemented into the low-pressure cylinder, the temperature of the low-pressure cylinder can be directly reduced, the compression efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is improved, the reliability of the compressor is improved, the supercooling of more than two times can be realized, and the refrigerating/heating capacity is greatly improved.
The invention preferably has the following technical effects:
1. the two-stage compression and multiple air supplementing refrigeration/heat pump system provided by the technical scheme of the invention realizes the two-time supercooling of the refrigerant, and compared with the prior art, the enthalpy value of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator is further reduced, the enthalpy difference of the refrigerant in the evaporation process is increased, and the refrigeration capacity is improved; by the two air supplementing, the exhaust flow of the compressor is further improved, so that the flow of the refrigerant in the condenser is increased, and the heating capacity of the system is improved.
2. According to the two-stage compression multi-air supplementing system provided by the technical scheme of the invention, air is supplemented between the two compression parts and in the low-pressure stage compression part, so that the compression mechanism is simplified, the pressure ratio distribution is reasonable, the overall efficiency of the compressor is greatly increased, and the operation reliability of the compressor is improved.
3. The technical scheme of the invention provides a mode switching method of a double-stage compression multi-air-supplementing system, wherein a double-stage compression two-time air-supplementing mode is adopted during heating, and a double-stage compression single-time air-supplementing mode is adopted during refrigeration and defrosting, so that the performance of a circulating system is optimal under different working conditions and at different temperatures, and the applicable temperature range of the compressor and the system is wider.
4. The compressor provided by the technical scheme of the invention has the technical advantages of simple structure and low cost.
The low-pressure stage compression part and the high-pressure stage compression part can be composed of two compressors, and can also be a realization structure of a single compressor.
The application provides a three-stage throttling and two-flash evaporator separated air supplementing structure, and any one or two flash evaporator structures can be replaced by a heat exchanger structure. Fig. 6 shows a circulation mode in which the first air supply adopts a heat exchanger and the second air supply adopts a flash evaporator, and a part of the first air supply is branched from the high-pressure high-temperature liquid refrigerant 5) and is throttled into a medium-pressure medium-temperature refrigerant 6) through an expansion valve a; 6) Exchanging heat with the main path refrigerant of the 5) in the intermediate heat exchanger; 6) Evaporating and absorbing heat to form gaseous refrigerant, and entering a first air supplementing inlet; the main circuit refrigerant 5) is further cooled to 8), achieving a first subcooling of the refrigerant.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A double-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
a high-pressure stage compression part (100) and a low-pressure stage compression part (200), a first air supplementing inlet (101) is arranged between the high-pressure stage compression part (100) and the low-pressure stage compression part (200), a second air supplementing inlet (201) is also arranged in the low-pressure stage compression part (200), a first air supplementing assembly (3) and a second air supplementing assembly (4) are further included, the first air supplementing assembly (3) is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet (101) to supplement air from the first air supplementing inlet (101), and the second air supplementing assembly (4) is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet (201) to supplement air from the second air supplementing inlet (201);
the first air supplementing assembly (3) comprises a first flash evaporator (31), the first flash evaporator (31) comprises a first inlet end (31 a), a first gas outlet end (31 b) and a first liquid outlet end (31 c), and the first gas outlet end (31 b) is communicated with the first air supplementing inlet (101) through a first pipeline (111); and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second air supplementing assembly (4) comprises a second flash evaporator (41), the second flash evaporator (41) comprises a second inlet end (41 a), a second gas outlet end (41 b) and a second liquid outlet end (41 c), and the second gas outlet end (41 b) is communicated with the second air supplementing inlet (201) through a second pipeline (112); a control valve (6) is further arranged on the second pipeline (112);
the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger (71) and a second heat exchanger (72), wherein the first heat exchanger (71) is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part (100), the second heat exchanger (72) is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part (200), the first heat exchanger (71) is communicated with the first inlet end (31 a) of the first flash evaporator (31), and a second throttling device (52) is further arranged between the first heat exchanger (71) and the first flash evaporator (31); the second heat exchanger (72) is communicated with a second liquid outlet end (41 c) of the second flash evaporator (41), and a third throttling device (53) is further arranged between the second heat exchanger (72) and the second flash evaporator (41);
alternatively, the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first heat exchanger (71) and a second heat exchanger (72), the first heat exchanger (71) is communicated with the inlet of the low-pressure stage compression part (200), the second heat exchanger (72) is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure stage compression part (100), the first heat exchanger (71) is communicated with the first liquid outlet end (31 c) of the first flash evaporator (31), and a second throttling device (52) is further arranged between the first heat exchanger (71) and the first flash evaporator (31); the second heat exchanger (72) is communicated with a second inlet end (41 a) of the second flash evaporator (41), and a third throttling device (53) is further arranged between the second heat exchanger (72) and the second flash evaporator (41);
the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a first temperature detection device capable of detecting the first heat exchanger and a second temperature detection device capable of detecting the second heat exchanger, and the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a controller, when the refrigeration heat pump system further comprises a control valve (6), the controller can control the control valve to be opened or closed according to the temperatures detected by the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device so as to execute two-time air supplement or one-time air supplement;
a detection step of detecting a refrigerant temperature T1 in the first heat exchanger and detecting a refrigerant temperature T2 in the second heat exchanger;
judging, namely judging whether T1 is larger than T2;
executing a second operation mode of performing one-time air supplement by controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed if the judgment result of the judgment step is T1< T2;
the judging step is further used for calculating saturated steam pressures P1 and P2 under the corresponding temperatures of T1 and T2 when T1> T2 is judged, and judging whether P1/P2 is larger than n, wherein n is a set value;
the executing step is further used for controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed when the P1/P2 is smaller than n, and executing a second operation mode of one-time air supplementing; and when the P1/P2 is judged to be larger than n, a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system is controlled to be opened, and a first operation mode of two air supplementing is executed.
2. The dual stage compression multi-charge refrigeration heat pump system of claim 1 wherein:
the first liquid outlet end (31 c) is in communication with the second inlet end (41 a) via a third conduit (113), and a first throttling means (51) is provided on the third conduit (113).
3. The dual stage compression multi-charge refrigeration heat pump system as set forth in any one of claims 1-2 wherein:
the first air supplementing assembly (3) comprises a first intermediate heat exchanger (32) or a first economizer, and the second air supplementing assembly (4) comprises a second intermediate heat exchanger or a second economizer.
4. A control method of a refrigeration heat pump system, characterized by: the two-stage compression multi-air-supplementing refrigeration heat pump system according to claim 1 is used, and the system is judged and controlled to perform air supplementing twice or air supplementing once according to the temperature relation of the two heat exchangers;
a detection step of detecting a refrigerant temperature T1 in the first heat exchanger and detecting a refrigerant temperature T2 in the second heat exchanger;
judging, namely judging whether T1 is larger than T2;
executing a second operation mode of performing one-time air supplement by controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed if the judgment result of the judgment step is T1< T2;
the judging step is further used for calculating saturated steam pressures P1 and P2 under the corresponding temperatures of T1 and T2 when T1> T2 is judged, and judging whether P1/P2 is larger than n, wherein n is a set value;
the executing step is further used for controlling a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system to be closed when the P1/P2 is smaller than n, and executing a second operation mode of one-time air supplementing; and when the P1/P2 is judged to be larger than n, a control valve in the refrigeration heat pump system is controlled to be opened, and a first operation mode of two air supplementing is executed.
5. An air conditioner, characterized in that: a dual stage compression multi-make-up refrigeration heat pump system comprising any of claims 1-3.
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| PCT/CN2020/098488 WO2021004304A1 (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2020-06-28 | Refrigeration/heat pump system having two-stage compression and multiple air suplementations, control method therefor and air conditioner |
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| CN112944707A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN112361646B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-10-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Shunting regulation and control double-circulation coupling type high-temperature heat pump system |
| CN112361660A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump system and method for setting design flow thereof |
| CN112710098A (en) * | 2021-01-17 | 2021-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Air supplementing device and method for single-screw refrigeration compressor coupled with composite slide valve under partial load |
| CN113446751B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-04-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigerating system and air supply adjusting method thereof |
| CN114183862B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system with single-stage compression switching function and double-stage compression switching control method |
| CN114992910A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江中广电器集团股份有限公司 | Three-stage compressed air source heat pump unit adopting flash tank and economizer |
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