CN109778244B - Injection electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device - Google Patents
Injection electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a jet electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device which comprises an industrial personal computer (1), a three-dimensional moving platform (2), a base body (3), a solution tank (4), a chemical pump (5), a latex tube (6), a carbon brush (7), an electrode moving device (8), a flow rate adjusting spray head (9) and a fine anode platinum electrode (10); the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current stabilized power supply through a carbon brush (7), the matrix (3) is placed in the solution tank (4), and the matrix (3) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current stabilized power supply; the micro anode platinum electrode is used for guiding the deposition position and controlling the flow rate of the plating solution, the plating solution is sprayed out from the flow rate regulating nozzle (9), and metal ions in the plating solution are deposited layer by layer on the substrate (3) under the action of current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and particularly relates to a jet electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device.
Background
In the world today, fossil fuels that can meet energy needs are rapidly declining, and at the same time, environmental problems caused by the combustion products of fossil fuels are gradually destroying the natural environment on which people rely and the health of people's lives. Therefore, the development of new energy with high efficiency and low cost is a problem to be solved. Among the new energy sources that have been developed, the hydrogen energy source is considered to be one of the most promising new energy sources. At present, in the main hydrogen preparation method, the hydrogen with higher purity can be directly prepared by electrolyzing water to separate out hydrogen, the energy conversion rate in the electrolysis process is high, and mass production can be realized. With the future progress of various power generation technologies and the research and development and preparation of various electrode materials with excellent performance, the cost of the electrolyzed water can be greatly reduced. Currently, the industrially most prominent, and well-recognized, electrolytic hydrogen evolution catalyst is the platinum-based catalyst. However, the expensive price of precious metals increases the cost of the electrolyzed water. Therefore, the development of a cheap, low-overpotential and high-efficiency electrolytic water hydrogen evolution catalyst and an electrode material with good stability is a current research hotspot.
At present, the preparation methods of the metal catalytic materials commonly used at home and abroad mainly comprise a hydrothermal synthesis method, a template method, an alloy removing method and the like.
The hydrothermal synthesis method is a simple and effective synthesis method which takes aqueous solution or other liquid as a solvent, heats and pressurizes the mixed solution in a closed reaction kettle to form a reaction environment with certain temperature and pressure, and dissolves, reacts and recrystallizes the substance to form a new substance. Not to neglect, the hydrothermal synthesis method has high requirement on the sealing degree of the reaction kettle, and potential danger exists when the air pressure is too high. Hydrothermal synthesis experiments generally require "several determinations": the method comprises the steps of determining reactants, determining the metering ratio of the reactants, determining the adding sequence of the reactants, and determining the reaction temperature and the reaction time, so that more factors influencing products are needed, and the workload is larger.
The template method is a traditional method for preparing the ordered porous material and has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, controllable appearance, uniform rule and the like. This method has the advantage of precise control of pore size and microstructure periodicity, but generally results in a material with one-dimensional porosity. The method for preparing the porous metal by utilizing the template method has universal applicability, researches show that the method is suitable for the electrodeposition of various metals, the prepared three-dimensional porous metal has a very prominent advantageous structure, large specific surface area and high porosity, and can be well applied to the fields of fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, electrochemical capacitors, electrocatalysis and the like.
Dealloying is commonly used to prepare porous metal materials. Firstly, preparing an alloy material with a uniform structure, and then dissolving and removing active components by adopting a chemical or electrochemical method to leave a porous structure. The method can realize dynamic control of hole size and spatial arrangement by adjusting the corrosion process and the subsequent heat treatment process. However, the dealloying method requires preparation of alloys with different compositions, and the alloys require pretreatment such as annealing to ensure uniformity of the alloy structure, and the condition control of the dealloying process also seriously affects the structure and form of the prepared material, and in addition, the pretreatment and dealloying process of the alloys are time-consuming processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a device for manufacturing a 3D micro metal additive by spray electrodeposition.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a jet electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device comprises an industrial personal computer (1), a three-dimensional moving platform (2), a base body (3), a solution tank (4), a chemical pump (5), a latex tube (6), a carbon brush (7), an electrode moving device (8), a flow rate adjusting spray head (9) and a fine anode platinum electrode (10);
the industrial personal computer (1) is used as a three-dimensional motion control system and is used for receiving modeling graphic data of 3D additive manufacturing required by a user, automatically converting the modeling graphic data into motion control data of the motion platform and the electrode motion device (8) and controlling the three-dimensional motion platform to move in the X, Y and Z axis directions and the electrode motion device (8) to move so as to realize stepless regulation of the diameter of sprayed water flow; the flow rate adjusting spray head (9) is connected to the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a support frame;
the electrode motion device (8) is fixed on the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a clamp; the top end of a fine anode platinum electrode (10) of the solution tank is connected with a clamp of an electrode moving device (8), a carbon brush (7) is arranged at the upper part of the fine anode platinum electrode (10), the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current stabilized power supply through the carbon brush (7), a substrate (3) is placed in the solution tank (4), and the substrate (3) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current stabilized power supply; the micro-anode platinum electrode is used for guiding the position of the conductive deposition and controlling the flow speed of the plating solution, the plating solution is sprayed out from the flow speed regulating nozzle (9), and metal ions in the plating solution are deposited layer by layer on the substrate (3) under the action of current; the electrode moving device (8) drives the micro anode platinum electrode (10) to rotate so as to adjust the size of a circular ring gap between the cone at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the lower port of the spray head outer shell (13).
The injection electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device is characterized in that a flow rate adjusting nozzle (9) comprises: a guide pipe (11), a metal pipe (12) and a spray head outer shell (13); the spray head outer shell (13) is a hollow tube, the guide tube (11) is fixed on the upper part of the spray head outer shell (13), the guide tube (11) is provided with an internal thread, the top end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is provided with an external thread, the micro anode platinum electrode and the external thread are fixed together through thread sealing, the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is in a conical shape, the conical shape extends out of the spray head outer shell (13), the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the lower port of the spray head outer shell (13) are matched to form a circular gap, the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is driven to rotate in the internal thread of the guide tube (11) through the electrode movement device (8), so that the size of the circular gap between the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (.
According to the jet electrodeposition 3D micro metal additive manufacturing device, two liquid inlets are symmetrically formed in the upper portion of a sprayer outer shell (13), plating solution is introduced into the two liquid inlets through a latex tube (6) to realize rapid outflow of the plating solution, and the other end of the latex tube (6) is connected with an outlet of a chemical pump (5); the inlet of the chemical pump (5) is connected with the solution tank (4) to realize the circular flow of the plating solution.
The three-dimensional motion control system monitors the deposition current between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the generated component in the additive manufacturing process in real time so as to keep the distance between the two components.
According to the jet electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device, when the distance between the generated component and the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is too small, the current is increased, and when the set feedback current is exceeded, the three-dimensional moving platform can be lifted along the z axis, so that the current is always maintained at a set value, and the proper polar distance between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the component is ensured to be maintained.
The distance between the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the generated component is 0.005 mm.
According to the device for manufacturing the 3D micro metal additive through the jet electrodeposition, the diameter of a platinum electrode of a micro anode is 0.005mm, and the diameter of the minimum conical position of the tip of the platinum electrode of the micro anode is 0.001 mm.
The jet electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing device comprises plating solutions: 300g/l of nickel sulfate, 40g/l of nickel chloride and 40g/l of boric acid are dissolved uniformly by heating and stirring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the local high current density is generated by the local guide effect of the conical structure of the tip of the fine anode platinum electrode, and the material increase speed of the three-dimensional component is greatly accelerated.
2. The diameter of the sprayed solution guided by the micro electrode is adjusted through the electrode movement device, so that the change of the additive structure is realized.
3. The precise additive manufacturing of the three-dimensional component is realized through the moving track of the three-dimensional moving platform, and the practical application value of the device is improved.
4. The three-dimensional motion control system is used for detecting the current change between the fine anode platinum electrode and the substrate workpiece so as to judge the distance between the anode tool electrode and the electrode, and the movement of the three-dimensional moving platform is controlled to ensure that the fine anode platinum electrode and the substrate workpiece are maintained at a proper distance, so that the stability of the electrode material adding process is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for manufacturing a 3D fine metal additive by spray electrodeposition
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a flow rate adjusting nozzle of a device for manufacturing a 3D fine metal additive by spray electrodeposition
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an industrial personal computer, 2, a three-dimensional moving platform, 3, a base body, 4, a solution tank, 5, a chemical pump, 6, a latex tube, 7, a carbon brush, 8, an electrode movement device, 9, a flow velocity adjusting spray head, 10, a micro anode platinum electrode, 11, a guide tube, 12, a metal tube, 13 and a spray head outer shell.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for manufacturing the injection electrodeposition 3D micro metal additive comprises an industrial personal computer (1), a three-dimensional moving platform (2), a base body (3), a solution tank (4), a chemical pump (5), a latex tube (6), a carbon brush (7), an electrode moving device (8), a flow rate adjusting nozzle (9) and a micro anode platinum electrode (10).
The industrial personal computer (1) is used as a three-dimensional motion control system and used for receiving modeling graphic data of 3D additive manufacturing required by a user, automatically converting the modeling graphic data into motion control data of the three-dimensional moving platform and controlling the three-dimensional moving platform to move in the X, Y and Z axis directions.
The electrode motion device (8) is directly fixed on the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a clamp. A prepared base body (3) is flatly placed in a solution tank (4), a fine anode platinum electrode (10) is directly inserted into a flow rate adjusting spray head (9), the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is connected with a clamp of an electrode moving device (8), a carbon brush (7) is arranged at the upper part of the fine anode platinum electrode (10), the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current stabilized voltage power supply in an industrial personal computer (1) through the carbon brush (7), the base body (3) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current stabilized voltage power supply, and the diameter of the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is 0.005 mm.
The flow rate adjusting spray head (9) is connected to the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a support frame, and the flow rate adjusting spray head (9) comprises: a guide pipe 11, a metal pipe 12 and a spray head outer shell 13; the spray head outer shell 13 is a hollow pipe, the guide pipe 11 is fixed on the upper portion of the spray head outer shell 13, the guide pipe 11 is provided with an internal thread, the top end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is provided with an external thread, the micro anode platinum electrode and the external thread are fixed together through thread sealing, the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is in a conical shape, the conical shape extends out of the spray head outer shell 13, the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the lower port of the spray head outer shell 13 are matched to form a circular ring gap, the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is driven to rotate in the internal thread of the guide pipe 11 through the electrode moving device (8), the size of the circular ring gap between the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode. The fine anode platinum electrode is used to guide the position of the conductive deposition and control the flow rate of the solution.
Two liquid inlets are symmetrically formed in the upper portion of the sprayer outer shell 13, plating solution is introduced into the two liquid inlets through a latex tube (6) to realize rapid outflow of the plating solution, and the other end of the latex tube (6) is connected with an outlet of a chemical pump (5); the inlet of the chemical pump (5) is connected with the solution tank (4) to realize the circular flow of the plating solution.
The method is characterized in that a three-dimensional motion control system is adopted to monitor the deposition current between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and a generated component in the 3D material increase process in real time, when the distance between the generated component and the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is too small, the current can be increased rapidly, and when the feedback current set by a position servo control system is exceeded, a moving platform can be lifted along a z axis, so that the current is always maintained at a set value, the proper polar distance (0.005mm) between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the component is ensured, and the diameter of the tip of the fine anode platinum electrode is 0.001 mm.
The plating solution used for preparing the electrode adopts: 300g/l of nickel sulfate, 40g/l of nickel chloride and 40g/l of boric acid are dissolved uniformly by heating and stirring. The working steps of the device are as follows:
step 1: a user inputs three-dimensional component graphic data required to be added into a three-dimensional motion control system in an industrial personal computer (1), and the three-dimensional component graphic data are automatically converted into motion data of a three-dimensional moving platform and then are transmitted to the three-dimensional moving platform.
Step 2: the matrix (3) is flatly placed in the solution tank (4), a micro anode platinum electrode (10) is arranged on a clamp of an electrode moving device (8), a flow rate adjusting spray head is sleeved into the micro anode platinum electrode, the electrodes are in threaded connection, and finally the flow rate adjusting spray head (9) is fixed on a three-dimensional moving platform through a support frame.
And step 3: the anode of a direct current stabilized voltage power supply in the industrial personal computer (1) is connected with a fine anode platinum electrode (10) through a carbon brush (7), and the cathode is connected with a workpiece of the substrate (3). The tip of the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is adjusted to a position 0.005mm away from the substrate workpiece, a chemical pump (5) is started, the plating solution enters a liquid inlet of a flow rate adjusting spray head (9) through a guide pipe under the action of 0.01MPa of pressure, then is sprayed out from a liquid outlet of the flow rate adjusting spray head (9), and the relative position of the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the liquid outlet of the spray head (9) is adjusted through an electrode moving device (8), so that the ideal spraying speed and spraying diameter are obtained. Circulate for 5 minutes.
And 4, step 4: and maintaining the constant voltage 6V output of the direct current stabilized power supply. The three-dimensional motion control system detects the current change between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the material-added component in real time, so as to judge the distance between the fine anode platinum electrode (10) and the workpiece of the base body (3), and the movement of the worktable along the track in the XY plane is controlled to ensure that the proper distance (about 0.005mm) is maintained between the electrode and the component, so as to keep the constant deposition current value between the fine anode platinum electrode and the material-added component.
And 5: according to the motion instruction of the three-dimensional motion control system, the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is driven to move along a set track, and finally additive manufacturing of the micro three-dimensional metal component is achieved.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A jet electrodeposition 3D micro metal additive manufacturing device is characterized by comprising an industrial personal computer (1), a three-dimensional moving platform (2), a base body (3), a solution tank (4), a chemical pump (5), a latex tube (6), a carbon brush (7), an electrode moving device (8), a flow rate adjusting spray head (9) and a micro anode platinum electrode (10);
the industrial personal computer (1) is used as a three-dimensional motion control system and is used for receiving modeling graphic data of 3D additive manufacturing required by a user, automatically converting the modeling graphic data into motion control data of the motion platform and the electrode motion device (8) and controlling the three-dimensional motion platform to move in the X, Y and Z axis directions and the electrode motion device (8) to move so as to realize stepless regulation of the diameter of sprayed water flow; the flow rate adjusting spray head (9) is connected to the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a support frame;
the electrode motion device (8) is fixed on the z axis of the three-dimensional moving platform (2) through a clamp; the top end of a fine anode platinum electrode (10) of the solution tank is connected with a clamp of an electrode moving device (8), a carbon brush (7) is arranged at the upper part of the fine anode platinum electrode (10), the fine anode platinum electrode (10) is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current stabilized power supply through the carbon brush (7), a substrate (3) is placed in the solution tank (4), and the substrate (3) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current stabilized power supply; the micro-anode platinum electrode is used for guiding the position of the electro-deposition and controlling the flow speed of the plating solution, the plating solution is sprayed out from the flow speed regulating nozzle (9), and metal ions in the plating solution are deposited on the substrate (3) layer by layer under the action of current;
the flow rate adjusting head (9) includes: a guide pipe (11), a metal pipe (12) and a spray head outer shell (13); the spray head outer shell (13) is a hollow tube, the guide tube (11) is fixed on the upper part of the spray head outer shell (13), the guide tube (11) is provided with an internal thread, the top end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is provided with an external thread, the micro anode platinum electrode and the external thread are fixed together through thread sealing, the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is in a conical shape, the conical shape extends out of the spray head outer shell (13), the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the lower port of the spray head outer shell (13) are matched to form a circular gap, the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is driven to rotate in the internal thread of the guide tube (11) through the electrode movement device (8), so that the size of the circular gap between the conical shape at the lower end of the micro anode platinum electrode (.
2. The device for manufacturing the 3D fine metal additive by jet electrodeposition according to claim 1, wherein two liquid inlets are symmetrically formed in the upper part of the outer shell (13) of the spray head, the two liquid inlets are introduced with plating solution through a latex tube (6) to realize rapid outflow of the plating solution, and the other end of the latex tube (6) is connected with an outlet of a chemical pump (5); the inlet of the chemical pump (5) is connected with the solution tank (4) to realize the circular flow of the plating solution.
3. The electrojet deposition 3D micro-metal additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional motion control system monitors the deposition current between the micro-anode platinum electrode (10) and the generated component in the additive manufacturing process in real time to keep the distance between the two.
4. The electrojet deposition 3D micro metal additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the distance between the produced component and the micro anode platinum electrode (10) is too small, the current increases, and when the set feedback current is exceeded, the three-dimensional moving platform will lift along the z-axis, so that the current is always maintained at the set value, thereby ensuring that the proper polar distance is maintained between the micro anode platinum electrode (10) and the component.
5. The electrojet deposition 3D micro-metal additive manufacturing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance between the micro-anodic platinum electrode (10) and the resulting component is 0.005 mm.
6. The electrojet deposition 3D micro metal additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the micro anode platinum electrode is 0.005mm and the diameter of the smallest tip cone is 0.001 mm.
7. The spray electrodeposition 3D fine metal additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plating solution is: 300g/l of nickel sulfate, 40g/l of nickel chloride and 40g/l of boric acid are dissolved uniformly by heating and stirring.
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| CN111088518B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-08-17 | 橙河微***科技(上海)有限公司 | Closed-loop control system for three-dimensional micro-area electrochemical deposition |
| CN111118582B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Preparation device and method of Ni-SiC composite coating with (220) high preferred orientation |
| CN112522766B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-04-15 | 中山大学 | Suction-combined electrochemical micro-additive preparation method and device |
| CN112981479B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-04-29 | 广东工业大学 | Spray head for micro electro-deposition processing and micro electro-deposition processing device |
| CN112981471B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-07-12 | 广东工业大学 | High-localization three-dimensional electrodeposition device and method |
| CN113564650B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | 广东工业大学 | Electrodeposition method and electrodeposition device |
| CN113846359B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-22 | 太原理工大学 | Selective jet electrodeposition surface modification device |
| CN116005215B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-11-28 | 青岛理工大学 | Jet electrodeposition nozzle device and 3D printer |
| CN115976580B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-10-20 | 青岛理工大学 | Fine 3D circulation electrodeposition shower nozzle device and 3D printer |
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| CN101328599A (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2008-12-24 | 浙江理工大学 | Numerical control selected area electrochemical deposition rapid forming method and apparatus |
| CN106801248B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2020-04-10 | 中山大学 | Device and method for manufacturing three-dimensional micro-nano structure device |
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