CN109741665A - A kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system - Google Patents
A kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109741665A CN109741665A CN201910157986.6A CN201910157986A CN109741665A CN 109741665 A CN109741665 A CN 109741665A CN 201910157986 A CN201910157986 A CN 201910157986A CN 109741665 A CN109741665 A CN 109741665A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to physics teaching experiment teaching aid technical fields, and in particular to a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system and is fixedly welded the cuboid supporting table being structure as a whole with erecting bed at erecting bed including rectangular parallelepiped structure；The top surface fixed bonding of the erecting bed has one layer of adhesive-layer, the smooth slide plate in adhesive-layer upper surface fixed bonding surface；The two sides of the slide plate are fixedly welded the side plate for being equipped with square plate structure；Place the test block for being equipped with rectangular block structure in the upper surface of the slide plate；The top of the test block offers the groove of rectangular slot structure, and the middle part surrounding of test block offers arc groove, and the bottom fixed bonding of test block is equipped with the friction block of square plate structure；The different type of the friction block setting bottom surface roughness different specification type and material.Test result of the present invention is relatively stable, has preferable practical value and promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to physics teaching experiment teaching aid technical fields, and in particular to a kind of physics experiment teaching is surveyed with frictional force
Test system.
Background technique
Currently, in terms of physics teaching, there are many theory teaching knowledge points that Binding experiment teaching demonstration is needed to be shown,
So student is facilitated to understand teaching knowledge, teacher's Binding experiment is also facilitated to carry out teaching demonstration.It imparts knowledge to students in current frictional force real
During testing, the Experimental Teaching Method generallyd use exactly directlys adopt a spring tension meter and carries out drawing test manually, real
Existing experimental demonstration.But this test mode not enough standardizes relatively, manual draw rate is relatively unstable, the survey for frictional force
Examination is opposite to be not sufficiently stable, it is difficult to be described the problem well；Meanwhile existing test device the degree of automation is lower, needs into one
Step is reinforced improving.
Therefore, based on above-mentioned, the application provides a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system, passes through the system
Design, allow the teacher to carry out experimental demonstration well, facilitate teacher can binding isotherm teaching and experimental demonstration rub
Power problem instruction and explanation, and the effect of governor motor is combined, it realizes test block uniform motion, so realizes the steady of test data
It is qualitative, improve the intelligence degree of test macro, and then solve the unstable deficiency of test data of the existing technology and scarce.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that: for presently, there are the above problem, a kind of friction of physics experiment teaching is provided
Force test system allows the teacher to carry out experimental demonstration well, facilitates teacher being capable of binding isotherm by the design of the system
Teaching and experimental demonstration carry out frictional force problem instruction and explanation, and combine the effect of governor motor, realize that test block is at the uniform velocity transported
It is dynamic, so realize the stability of test data, and then solve the unstable deficiency of test data of the existing technology and scarce.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system, erecting bed including rectangular parallelepiped structure and with erecting bed is fixed welds
It is connected in the cuboid supporting table of integral structure；The top surface fixed bonding of the erecting bed has one layer of adhesive-layer, adhesive-layer upper surface
The smooth slide plate in fixed bonding surface；The two sides of the slide plate are fixedly welded the side plate for being equipped with square plate structure；The slide plate
Upper surface offer rectangular board slot, be fitted with dismountable rectangular friction plate in rectangular board slot internal clearance；Friction plate
Muti-piece is prepared with using unlike material；Place the test block for being equipped with rectangular block structure in friction plate upper surface；The test block
Top offers the groove of rectangular slot structure, and the middle part surrounding of test block offers arc groove, the bottom fixed bonding of test block
The friction block of square plate structure is installed；The friction block setting bottom surface roughness different specification type and material is different
Type；The bottom surface array of the test block offers multiple bellmouths, the upper surface array of friction block be provided with it is multiple with it is described
The cone-shaped nail that bellmouth matches；It is fixedly connected in the fixedly embedded bellmouth of cone-shaped nail, friction block and test
Viscose glue is arranged between the contact surface of block to be fixedly connected；The shape of the friction block and the size of the groove are mutually matched, test
Progress clearance fit installation in groove is embedded by friction block between block；Pass through binding in arc groove in the middle part of the test block
Rope carries out bundled fixed installation；Concatenation is equipped with the drawing head of rectangular block structure, the rear portion of the drawing head on the binding rope
Two sides offer the stretch hole of circular through hole structure；The top and bottom of the stretch hole offer the fixation of circular through hole structure
Hole；The binding rope passes through stretch hole and is installed, and drawing head is mounted on the right side of test block by binding rope binding；Institute
The right end upper surface for stating slide plate is fixedly welded with the baffle of square plate structure, and the left side array arrangement of the baffle is fixedly welded with
More springs, the other end of the spring are fixedly welded the buffer board of square plate structure, equal level on the buffer board and baffle
The corresponding intercommunicating pore for offering circle hole shape structure；Fixation binding has pulling rope, pulling rope in the fixation hole of the drawing head outer end
Other end fixation binding be connected with dynamometer, fixation binding connects the other end of the dynamometer again；Another pulling rope,
The other end of the pulling rope passes through the intercommunicating pore, and connect with shaft fixation binding；The shaft is the output of governor motor
Axis, governor motor are fixedly mounted in supporting table by screw, are also equipped in the supporting table and are matched with governor motor
Speed setting controller；The mounting groove of rectangular pore structure, the mounting groove internal clearance cooperation peace are offered on front side of the erecting bed
Equipped with plastic drawer, the outer end face center of the drawer is provided with the plastic handle of cylindrical structure, the handle with
It is structure as a whole between drawer；The bottom surface of the erecting bed and supporting table is coplanar structure, and erecting bed and supporting table is common
The corner location of bottom surface 4 is mounted by means of screws with castor；
The top surface of the supporting table is additionally provided with the intelligent controller for controlling motor switch；The intelligent controller one terminates
Mouth 2 pressure sensors of connection；The pressure sensor is symmetrically and fixedly mounted to the left side of baffle, and a left side for pressure sensor
There are clearance spaces between end face and buffer board；Another end interface of the intelligent controller is connected with the second motor switch；The
Two motor switch is connected into power circuit with the first motor switch, speed regulating motor jointly；Wherein, the first motor switch setting is being adjusted
On fast controller；When pressure signal is not detected in pressure sensor, the second motor switch is in closed state；Work as pressure sensing
When device detects pressure signal, the second motor switch is switched to off-state；The closure of first motor switch is adopted with disconnection
It is realized with manual manipulation mode.
A kind of application method of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described above, firstly, test block uses
The friction block of the metal squares of the identical dimensions of muti-piece, test block bottom is installed using the block of different coefficients of friction；
The test block and required dynamometer, binding rope and pulling rope are all placed on drawer；It is needing to carry out frictional force
When testing lecture experiment, the test block that teacher can according to need selection bottom setting different coefficients of friction carries out test experiments；
Meanwhile when needing to increase frictional force, muti-piece test block is subjected to stacking installation, is embedded between upper and lower test block by friction block
It is stacked in groove, realizes the increase of contact pressure, so increase frictional force size；The type of friction plate can also be according to need
Carry out replacement installation；Secondly, being bundled outside the test block of the bottom solid after test block is placed on friction plate upper surface
Dingan County fills drawing head, and drawing head is fixed on the right side position of the test block；Then it is led in the connection of drawing head right end fixation binding
Pull head, then on the pulling rope of drawing head right end fixation binding connection dynamometer one end, the other end of dynamometer is then again
Bundled fixed connects another pulling rope, the outer end of this section of pulling rope directly through the intercommunicating pore inside baffle and buffer board, and
By the direct fixation binding in the outer end of this section of pulling rope in shaft；Again, after above-mentioned preparation is completed, pass through speed regulating control
Device opens the power supply of governor motor, and adjusts the rotation speed of governor motor, determines governor motor according to the speed of setting
The purpose of drawing test block at the uniform velocity straight forward movement is realized in speed rotation, and teacher passes through the measuring force on observation dynamometer at this time
Degree, so that it may realize the test of force of sliding friction, and the test block by placing different number, can test different size of
Force of sliding friction；By replacing the friction plate of unlike material, the coefficient of friction of different contact surfaces can also be tested；Coefficient of friction
It calculates, it can be by the way that test block be carried out mass measurement before test, to facilitate calculating pressure size, due to the ruler of friction block
It is very little to carry out processing sets up according to model is sized, as long as therefore being obtained ahead of time or measuring the area of friction block bottom surface i.e.
It can；Finally, still can use method same as mentioned above or similar when needing to measure stiction size, pass through
The rotation of governor motor drive shaft, pulling rope is wrapped in shaft, revolving speed is slowed down, is slowly pulled to test block, such as
This can test the stiction before the test block does not slide；Or by the way of pulling the pulling rope manually, survey
Try stiction；After experiment test terminates, all test blocks and pulling rope, dynamometer, drawing head are collapsed, are put
Enter drawer to be saved；When carrying the test macro, teacher pushes directly on the erecting bed, real by the rolling of castor
The carrying of existing device is mobile；When dynamometer is contacted with buffer board, and buffer board is driven with pressure sensor contacts extruding, pressure
Pressure signal is transferred to intelligent controller by sensor, and intelligent controller analyzes signal, and is made and disconnected the second motor
The instruction of switch issues, and the second motor switch of control disconnects, and governor motor stops rotating at this time.
Preferably, the dynamometry is calculated as weight beam；The governor motor is infinite variable speed motor.
Preferably, the shape of the drawer is rectangular slot structure, the slide plate with a thickness of 2mm-3mm, slide plate is smooth
Stainless steel plate, the bottom surface of slide plate are rough surface.
Preferably, the friction block with a thickness of 1mm-2mm, the bottom surface of friction block is Rough Horizontal Plane.
Preferably, the width of the buffer board and the width of baffle are equal, and the length of buffer board is less than the length of baffle.
Preferably, the diameter of the pulling rope is 0.5mm-1mm, and the diameter of the binding rope is 0.5mm-1mm.
Preferably, the aperture of the intercommunicating pore is greater than the diameter of pulling rope；It is described when the shaft rotation drawing test block
The symmetrical middle face of drawing head upper and lower surface and the upper arcuate face of the shaft are tangent, it is ensured that when shaft rotates, affect pulling rope
It is moved in a straight line along horizontal plane direction.
It should be noted that dynamometer used herein can be weight beam, use the trade mark bis- outstanding for G & G/
The dynamometer of brand, concrete model are NK LTZ.The governor motor be speed regulation infinite variable speed motor, the brand used for
The product of freud, speed regulating motor model may be selected speed regulating motor 60W/120W/250W/300W carry out using.Make in governor motor
Used time, controller used in this application are the controller to match with the motor, which is producer's auxiliary products, specific to sell
The shop of selling can refer to Ou get Ke automation monopolized store.The fixed installation of governor motor, by device be matched with the motor solid
Determine frame, in specific installation, the front end of the fixed frame and the front end of motor are fixedly mounted by screw, and the bottom of fixed frame is then
Installation is fixed by screw, so realizes that the fixed of governor motor uses.In addition, shaft and motor in the application
The motor shaft of mating installation, itself and the mating installation of motor.In addition, castor can use the product of the easily capable brand of EDL/,
The model of castor can participate in the election of 50113-503-86, and high-strength polyurethane TPU can be used in material, and castor is fixedly mounted on by screw
The bottom surface of erecting bed and supporting table.Adhesive-layer can be carried out using the stickies such as latex using.The intelligent controller is
Control equipment matched with pressure sensor, pressure sensor use in Anhui gold promise production product, color classification 0-3T,
Output classification is analog sensor, and categories of sensors is that pressure is quick and force-sensing sensor, specific mounting means are then solid using screw
On baffle, specific range selects according to specific needs for Dingan County.
It should be further noted that: pulling rope one end of the application is to carry out being wrapped in by the rotation of governor motor turning
On axis, after a friction testing terminates, when carrying out secondary friction testing, the pulling rope that will be wrapped in shaft
It unloads, is then tested again.When pulling rope unloads, and releases stress signal, the second motor switch can be closed.Therefore, exist
It after primary test terminates, needs to disconnect the first motor switch, so that the circuit loop of governor motor is in 2 switches equal
The state of disconnection.In this way, after discharging pressure sensor pressure, only the second motor switch closure, the first motor switch
It disconnects, governor motor no power.The preparation tested is carried out next time after, it is closed the first motor switch, adjusts the speed horse at this time
Up to being powered once more, shaft rotation is driven, carries out new friction testing experiment.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The application is on the one hand by the way that by the setting of test block, teacher can be by the test block of stacking different number, and test is different
Frictional force under the conditions of pressure size.Meanwhile the installation by adjusting motor, it can be convenient the movement of shaft constant speed, affect test
Block uniform motion, the so convenient size according to theoretical method test force of sliding friction, teacher can also according to the actual situation into
The verifying of row theoretical formula.In addition, the test macro of the application, can also carry out the test of stiction.
On the other hand, the buffer board setting of the application, can be convenient teacher in testing friction power, just in case there is test block
Buffer board is hit, certain buffer function can be played.And in specific speed regulation process, teacher can be by opening speed regulating control
The first motor switch on device opens or closes, and so controls the rotation and stopping of motor；Pressure detecting can additionally be passed through
The judgement of signal is disconnected by the power supply of intelligent controller control governor motor.
In another aspect, the application is installed by the setting of castor, it can be convenient teacher and carry and move during the experiment
The test macro.By the setting of the test macro, it is steady to can be realized comparison when demonstration friction experimental implementation is imparted knowledge to students by teacher
Fixed friction testing realizes the test operation of stiction and force of sliding friction.It is set by the friction block of unlike material type
Set and friction plate installation, teacher can also carry out the teaching of unlike material friction testing, so illustrate frictional force with contact
The material in face is related, while also related with roughness, therefore can facilitate teacher being capable of the theoretical reality of the detailed progress of comparison system
It tests and verifies.The advantages of this mode, also resides in: efficiently solving traditional test mode and can only replace sliding friction block and is surveyed
The mode of examination, the application not only realize that the friction block of test block bottom can choose replacement, and bottom friction block can also be according to need
Carry out selection replacement, the more conducively system research of friction testing.
Finally, the application improves test system by the way of pressure sensor and intelligent controller control governor motor
The intelligence degree of system, setting through the above technical solution provide good appurtenance for the teaching and research of teacher,
To promote physical experiment teaching in middle schools development to play the role of preferably actively promoting.In addition, by the design of this programme, relatively
For the technical solution currently only by spring buffer, safety is higher, can effectively avoid the buffer board of great dynamics
It is impacted with baffle, is more favorable for the protection of system dams and buffer board.
Therefore, the technical solution of the application has preferable practical value and promotional value, is conducive to popularization and experimental teaching
It uses.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is side structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is overlooking structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is test block mounting structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the portion the A structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram of circuit connection structure of the invention.
In figure: 1, erecting bed；2, supporting table；3, side plate；4, slide plate；5, adhesive-layer；6, test block；7, binding rope；8, it leads
Pull head；9, pulling rope；10, dynamometer；11, buffer board；12, spring；13, baffle；14, governor motor；15, shaft；16, it takes out
Drawer；17, handle；18, mounting groove；19, castor；20, speed setting controller；21, intercommunicating pore；22, groove；23, arc groove；24, it leads
Pulling eye；25, fixation hole；26, cone-shaped nail；27, friction block；28, friction plate；29, pressure sensor；30, intelligent controller；31,
First motor switch；32, the second motor switch.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figs. 1-5:
A kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system, erecting bed 1 including rectangular parallelepiped structure and fixed with erecting bed 1
The cuboid supporting table 2 for the structure that is welded as a whole；The top surface fixed bonding of the erecting bed 1 has one layer of adhesive-layer 5, adhesive-layer 5
The smooth slide plate 4 in upper surface fixed bonding surface；The two sides of the slide plate 4 are fixedly welded the side plate 3 for being equipped with square plate structure；
The upper surface of the slide plate 4 offers rectangular board slot, is fitted with dismountable rectangular friction in rectangular board slot internal clearance
Plate 28；Friction plate 28 is prepared with muti-piece using unlike material；Place the test for being equipped with rectangular block structure in 28 upper surface of friction plate
Block 6；The top of the test block 6 offers the groove 22 of rectangular slot structure, and the middle part surrounding of test block 6 offers arc groove
23, the bottom fixed bonding of test block 6 is equipped with the friction block 27 of square plate structure；Bottom surface roughness is arranged in the friction block 27
Different specification types and the different type of material；The bottom surface array of the test block 6 offers multiple bellmouths, friction block
27 upper surface array is provided with multiple cone-shaped nails 26 to match with the bellmouth；The cone-shaped nail 26 is fixedly embedded described
It is fixedly connected in bellmouth, viscose glue is set between friction block 27 and the contact surface of test block 6 and is fixedly connected；The friction block
27 shape and the size of the groove 22 are mutually matched, and are embedded into groove 22 between test block 6 by friction block 27 and are carried out
Clearance fit installation；Bundled fixed installation is carried out by binding rope 7 in the arc groove 23 at 6 middle part of test block；The binding
Concatenation is equipped with the drawing head 8 of rectangular block structure on rope 7, and the rear portion two sides of the drawing head 8 offer circular through hole structure
Stretch hole 24；The top and bottom of the stretch hole 24 offer the fixation hole 25 of circular through hole structure；The binding rope 7 passes through
Stretch hole 24 is installed, and drawing head 8 is mounted on the right side of test block 6 by the binding of binding rope 7；The right side of the slide plate 4
End upper surface is fixedly welded with the baffle 13 of square plate structure, and the left side array arrangement of the baffle 13 is fixedly welded with more bullets
Spring 12, the other end of the spring 12 are fixedly welded the buffer board 11 for connecting rectangular hardened structure, the buffer board 11 and baffle 13
The upper horizontal corresponding intercommunicating pore 21 for offering circle hole shape structure；There is fixation binding in the fixation hole 25 of 8 outer end of drawing head
Pulling rope 9, the other end fixation binding of pulling rope 9 are connected with dynamometer 10, and the other end of the dynamometer 10 is fixed again to be tied
Tie up connection；Another pulling rope 9, the other end of the pulling rope 9 passes through the intercommunicating pore 21, and connects with 15 fixation binding of shaft
It connects；The shaft 15 is the output shaft of governor motor 14, and governor motor 14 is fixedly mounted in supporting table 2 by screw, described
The speed setting controller 20 to match with governor motor 14 is also equipped in supporting table 2；The front side of the erecting bed 1 offers rectangular
The mounting groove 18 of pore structure, 18 internal clearance of mounting groove are fitted with plastic drawer 16, the outer end face of the drawer 16
Center is provided with the plastic handle 17 of cylindrical structure, is structure as a whole between the handle 17 and drawer 16；It is described
The bottom surface of erecting bed 1 and supporting table 2 is coplanar structure, and erecting bed 1 and 4 corner locations of common bottom surface of supporting table 2 pass through
Screw is fixedly installed with castor 19.
The top surface of the supporting table 2 is additionally provided with the intelligent controller 30 for controlling motor switch；The intelligent control
30 1 end interface of device connects 2 pressure sensors 29；The pressure sensor 29 is symmetrically and fixedly mounted to the left side of baffle 13,
And there are clearance spaces between the left side and buffer board 11 of pressure sensor 29；Another end interface of the intelligent controller 30
It is connected with the second motor switch 32；Second motor switch 32 and the first motor switch 31, speed regulating motor 14 are connected into energization jointly
Circuit；Wherein, the first motor switch 31 is arranged on speed setting controller 20；Pressure signal is not detected in pressure sensor 29
When, the second motor switch 32 is in closed state；When pressure sensor 29 detects pressure signal, the second motor switch 32 is cut
It is changed to off-state；The closure of first motor switch 31 and disconnection are realized using manual manipulation mode.
A kind of application method of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described above, firstly, test block 6 uses
The friction block 27 of the metal squares of the identical dimensions of muti-piece, 6 bottom of test block is pacified using the block of different coefficients of friction
Dress；The test block 6 and required dynamometer 10, binding rope 7 and pulling rope 9 are all placed on inside drawer 16；It is needing
Carry out friction testing lecture experiment when, teacher can according to need selection bottom setting different coefficients of friction test block 6 into
Row test experiments；Meanwhile when needing to increase frictional force, muti-piece test block 6 is subjected to stacking installation, between upper and lower test block 6
It is embedded in groove 22 and is stacked by friction block 27, realize the increase of contact pressure, so increase frictional force size；Friction plate
28 type, which also can according to need, carries out replacement installation；Secondly, after test block 6 is placed on 28 upper surface of friction plate,
The 6 outside bundled fixed of test block of the bottom installs drawing head 8, and drawing head 8 is fixed on the right side position of the test block 6；So
Drawing head 8 is connected in 8 right end fixation binding of drawing head afterwards, then fixation binding connection is surveyed on the pulling rope 9 of 8 right end of drawing head
One end of power meter 10, then bundled fixed connects another pulling rope 9 to the other end of dynamometer 10 again, this section of pulling rope 9 it is outer
End exists directly through the intercommunicating pore 21 inside baffle 13 and buffer board 11, and by the direct fixation binding in the outer end of this section of pulling rope 9
In shaft 15；Again, after above-mentioned preparation is completed, the power supply of governor motor 14 is opened by speed setting controller 20, and is adjusted
The rotation speed for saving governor motor 14 makes governor motor 14 carry out constant speed rotation according to the speed of setting, realizes drawing test block 6
The at the uniform velocity purpose of straight forward movement, teacher passes through the measurement dynamics on observation dynamometer 10 at this time, so that it may realize that sliding rubs
The test of power, and the test block 6 by placing different number are wiped, different size of force of sliding friction can be tested；By more
The friction plate 28 for changing unlike material, can also test the coefficient of friction of different contact surfaces；The calculating of coefficient of friction, can by
Test block 6 is subjected to mass measurement before test, to facilitate calculating pressure size, since the size of friction block 27 can be according to setting
Determine size model number and carry out processing sets up, as long as therefore being obtained ahead of time or measuring the area of 27 bottom surface of friction block；Finally, needing
When measuring stiction size, method same as mentioned above or similar still can be used, is driven by governor motor 14
Turn axis 15 rotates, and pulling rope 9 is wrapped in shaft 15, revolving speed is slowed down, is slowly pulled to test block 6, so may be used
To test the stiction before the test block 6 does not slide；Or by the way of pulling the pulling rope 9 manually, test
Stiction；After experiment test terminates, all test blocks 6 and pulling rope 9, dynamometer 10, drawing head 8 are received
Hold together, is put into inside drawer 16 and is saved；When carrying the test macro, teacher pushes directly on the erecting bed 1, passes through castor
The carrying of 19 scrolling realization device is mobile；When dynamometer 10 is contacted with buffer board 13, buffer board 13 is driven and pressure sensing
When 29 contact squeeze of device, pressure signal is transferred to intelligent controller 30 by pressure sensor 29, intelligent controller 30 to signal into
Row analysis, and the instruction for making the second motor switch 32 of disconnection issues, the second motor switch 32 of control disconnects, at this time governor motor
It stops rotating
Preferably, the dynamometer 10 is weight beam 10；The governor motor 14 is infinite variable speed motor.
Preferably, the shape of the drawer 16 be rectangular slot structure, the slide plate 4 with a thickness of 2mm-3mm, slide plate 4 is
Smooth stainless steel plate, the bottom surface of slide plate 4 are rough surface.
Preferably, the friction block 27 with a thickness of 1mm-2mm, the bottom surface of friction block 27 is Rough Horizontal Plane.
Preferably, the width of the buffer board 11 is equal with the width of baffle 13, and the length of buffer board 11 is less than baffle 13
Length.
Preferably, the diameter of the pulling rope 9 is 0.5mm-1mm, and the diameter of the binding rope 7 is 0.5mm-1mm.
Preferably, the aperture of the intercommunicating pore 21 is greater than the diameter of pulling rope 9；The rotation of the shaft 15 drawing test block 6
When, the symmetrical middle face of 8 upper and lower surface of drawing head and the upper arcuate face of the shaft 15 are tangent, it is ensured that shaft 15 rotates
When, affect pulling rope 9 to move in a straight line along horizontal plane direction.
It should be noted that dynamometer 10 used herein can be weight beam 10, use the trade mark for G & G/
The dynamometer 10 of double outstanding person's brands, concrete model are NK LTZ.The governor motor 14 is speed regulation infinite variable speed motor, the product of use
Board be freud product, speed regulating motor model may be selected speed regulating motor 60W/120W/250W/300W carry out using.In speed regulation horse
Up to 14 in use, controller used in this application 20 is the controller 20 to match with the motor, which matches for producer
Product is covered, specific store can refer to Ou get Ke automation monopolized store.The fixed installation of governor motor 14, by device be with
The matched fixed frame of the motor, in specific installation, the front end of the fixed frame and the front end of motor are fixedly mounted by screw,
The bottom of fixed frame then passes through screw and installation is fixed, and so realizes that the fixed of governor motor 14 uses.In addition, in the application
Shaft 15 and the mating installation of motor motor shaft, itself and the mating installation of motor.In addition, castor 19 can use
The product of the easily capable brand of EDL/, the model of castor 19 can participate in the election of 50113-503-86, and high-strength polyurethane can be used in material
TPU, castor 19 are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of erecting bed 1 and supporting table 2 by screw.
The application is on the one hand by the way that by the setting of test block 6, teacher can be surveyed by the test block 6 of stacking different number
Try the frictional force under the conditions of different pressures size.Meanwhile the installation by adjusting motor, it can be convenient the movement of 15 constant speed of shaft,
6 uniform motion of test block is affected, the so convenient size according to theoretical method test force of sliding friction, teacher can also be according to reality
Border situation carries out theoretical formula verifying.In addition, the test macro of the application, can also carry out the test of stiction.
On the other hand, the buffer board 11 of the application is arranged, and can be convenient teacher in testing friction power, just in case test
Block 6 hits buffer board 11, can play certain buffer function.And in specific speed regulation process, teacher can be controlled by opening
Power switch on device 20 processed opens or closes the power supply of motor, so controls the rotation and stopping of motor.
In another aspect, the application is installed by the setting of castor 19, it can be convenient teacher and carry and move during the experiment
Move the test macro.By the setting of the test macro, teacher can be realized and compare when demonstration friction experimental implementation is imparted knowledge to students
Stable friction testing realizes the test operation of stiction and force of sliding friction.Pass through the friction block of unlike material type
27 settings, teacher can also carry out the teaching of unlike material friction testing, so illustrate material phase of the frictional force with contact surface
It closes, while also related with roughness, therefore can facilitate teacher being capable of the theoretical experiment of the detailed progress of comparison system and verifying.
Therefore, the technical solution of the application has preferable practical value and promotional value, is conducive to popularization and experimental teaching
It uses.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system, it is characterised in that: erecting bed including rectangular parallelepiped structure and
The cuboid supporting table being structure as a whole is fixedly welded with erecting bed；The top surface fixed bonding of the erecting bed has one layer of viscose glue
Layer, the smooth slide plate in adhesive-layer upper surface fixed bonding surface；The two sides of the slide plate, which are fixedly welded, is equipped with square plate structure
Side plate；The upper surface of the slide plate offers rectangular board slot, is fitted with dismountable side in rectangular board slot internal clearance
Shape friction plate；Friction plate is prepared with muti-piece using unlike material；Place the test for being equipped with rectangular block structure in friction plate upper surface
Block；The top of the test block offers the groove of rectangular slot structure, and the middle part surrounding of test block offers arc groove, test block
Bottom fixed bonding the friction block of square plate structure is installed；The different specification type of the friction block setting bottom surface roughness
And the type that material is different；The bottom surface array of the test block offers multiple bellmouths, and the upper surface array of friction block is set
It is equipped with multiple cone-shaped nails to match with the bellmouth；The company of being fixed in the fixedly embedded bellmouth of cone-shaped nail
It connects, viscose glue is set between friction block and the contact surface of test block and is fixedly connected；The ruler of the shape of the friction block and the groove
It is very little to be mutually matched, progress clearance fit installation in groove is embedded by friction block between test block；In the middle part of the test block
Bundled fixed installation is carried out by binding rope in arc groove；Concatenation is equipped with the drawing head of rectangular block structure on the binding rope,
The rear portion two sides of the drawing head offer the stretch hole of circular through hole structure；The top and bottom of the stretch hole offer circle
The fixation hole of shape through-hole structure；The binding rope passes through stretch hole and is installed, and drawing head is mounted on survey by binding rope binding
On the right side of test block；The right end upper surface of the slide plate is fixedly welded with the baffle of square plate structure, the left side of the baffle
Array arrangement is fixedly welded with more springs, and the other end of the spring is fixedly welded the buffer board of square plate structure, described slow
The punching intercommunicating pore for offering circle hole shape structure corresponding with level equal on baffle；Fixed bundle in the fixation hole of the drawing head outer end
It is tied with pulling rope, the other end fixation binding of pulling rope is connected with dynamometer, the other end of dynamometer fixation binding again
Connection；The other end of another pulling rope, the pulling rope passes through the intercommunicating pore, and connect with shaft fixation binding；Described turn
Axis is the output shaft of governor motor, and governor motor is fixedly mounted in supporting table by screw, is also equipped in the supporting table
The speed setting controller to match with governor motor；The mounting groove of rectangular pore structure, the peace are offered on front side of the erecting bed
Tankage internal clearance is fitted with plastic drawer, and the outer end face center of the drawer is provided with the modeling of cylindrical structure
Expect handle, is structure as a whole between the handle and drawer；The bottom surface of the erecting bed and supporting table is coplanar structure, and is installed
4 corner locations of platform and the common bottom surface of supporting table are mounted by means of screws with castor；
The top surface of the supporting table is additionally provided with the intelligent controller for controlling motor switch；The intelligent controller one terminates
Mouth 2 pressure sensors of connection；The pressure sensor is symmetrically and fixedly mounted to the left side of baffle, and a left side for pressure sensor
There are clearance spaces between end face and buffer board；Another end interface of the intelligent controller is connected with the second motor switch；The
Two motor switch is connected into power circuit with the first motor switch, speed regulating motor jointly；Wherein, the first motor switch setting is being adjusted
On fast controller；When pressure signal is not detected in pressure sensor, the second motor switch is in closed state；Work as pressure sensing
When device detects pressure signal, the second motor switch is switched to off-state；The closure of first motor switch is adopted with disconnection
It is realized with manual manipulation mode.
2. a kind of application method of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Firstly, test block uses the metal squares of the identical dimensions of muti-piece, the friction block of test block bottom uses different coefficients of friction
Block installed；The test block and required dynamometer, binding rope and pulling rope are all placed on drawer；?
When needing to carry out friction testing lecture experiment, teacher can according to need the test block of selection bottom setting different coefficients of friction
Carry out test experiments；Meanwhile when needing to increase frictional force, muti-piece test block is subjected to stacking installation, between upper and lower test block
It is embedded in groove and is stacked by friction block, realize the increase of contact pressure, so increase frictional force size；The class of friction plate
Type, which also can according to need, carries out replacement installation；Secondly, after test block is placed on friction plate upper surface, in the survey of the bottom
Bundled fixed installs drawing head outside test block, and drawing head is fixed on the right side position of the test block；Then in drawing head right end
Fixation binding connect drawing head, then on the pulling rope of drawing head right end fixation binding connection dynamometer one end, dynamometer
The other end then bundled fixed connects another pulling rope again, the outer end of this section of pulling rope is directly through in baffle and buffer board
The intercommunicating pore in portion, and by the direct fixation binding in the outer end of this section of pulling rope in shaft；Again, above-mentioned preparation completes it
Afterwards, the power supply that governor motor is opened by speed setting controller, and adjusts the rotation speed of governor motor, makes governor motor according to setting
Fixed speed carries out constant speed rotation, realizes the purpose of drawing test block at the uniform velocity straight forward movement, teacher is surveyed by observation at this time
Measurement dynamics on power meter, so that it may realize the test of force of sliding friction, and the test block by placing different number, it can be with
Test different size of force of sliding friction；By replacing the friction plate of unlike material, the friction of different contact surfaces can also be tested
Coefficient；The calculating of coefficient of friction, can be by carrying out mass measurement for test block before test, to facilitate calculating pressure big
It is small, since the size of friction block can carry out processing sets up according to model is sized, rub as long as being obtained ahead of time or measuring
The area of cleaning block bottom surface；Finally, when needing to measure stiction size, still can using same as mentioned above or
Similar method is rotated by governor motor drive shaft, pulling rope is wrapped in shaft, revolving speed is slowed down, to test block
It is slowly pulled, can so test the stiction before the test block does not slide；Or using described in drawing manually
The mode of pulling rope tests stiction；After experiment test terminates, by all test blocks and pulling rope, dynamometer, lead
Pull head is collapsed, and is put into drawer and is saved；When carrying the test macro, teacher pushes directly on the erecting bed,
Carrying by the scrolling realization device of castor is mobile；When dynamometer is contacted with buffer board, by buffer board drive and pressure sensing
When device contact squeeze, pressure signal is transferred to intelligent controller by pressure sensor, and intelligent controller analyzes signal, and
The instruction for making the second motor switch of disconnection issues, and the second motor switch of control disconnects, and governor motor stops rotating at this time.
3. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dynamometer
For weight beam；The governor motor is infinite variable speed motor.
4. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the drawer
Shape is rectangular slot structure, the slide plate with a thickness of 2mm-3mm, slide plate is smooth stainless steel plate, and the bottom surface of slide plate is coarse
Surface.
5. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the friction block
With a thickness of 1mm-2mm, the bottom surface of friction block is Rough Horizontal Plane.
6. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the buffer board
Width it is equal with the width of baffle, the length of buffer board is less than the length of baffle.
7. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pulling rope
Diameter be 0.5mm-1mm, the diameter of the binding rope is 0.5mm-1mm.
8. a kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the intercommunicating pore
Aperture be greater than pulling rope diameter；When the shaft rotation drawing test block, the symmetrical middle face of the drawing head upper and lower surface
It is tangent with the upper arcuate face of the shaft, it is ensured that when shaft rotates, pulling rope to be affected to move in a straight line along horizontal plane direction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910157986.6A CN109741665A (en) | 2019-03-02 | 2019-03-02 | A kind of physics experiment teaching friction testing system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110648569A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-03 | 西京学院 | Frictional force demonstration platform for physics experiments |
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Effective date of registration: 20210326 Address after: 236600 Maji village committee, Maji Township, Taihe County, Fuyang City, Anhui Province Applicant after: Li Wenwen Address before: 272100 Room 401, unit 3, building 1, Swiss town, Yanzhou District, Jining City, Shandong Province Applicant before: Ma Xinqiao |
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Application publication date: 20190510 |