CN109717101A - A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system - Google Patents

A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109717101A
CN109717101A CN201910062744.9A CN201910062744A CN109717101A CN 109717101 A CN109717101 A CN 109717101A CN 201910062744 A CN201910062744 A CN 201910062744A CN 109717101 A CN109717101 A CN 109717101A
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China
Prior art keywords
ridge
rice field
ditch
tail water
pond
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Pending
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CN201910062744.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
段国庆
江河
胡玉婷
凌俊
周华兴
潘庭双
徐金开
陈小雷
汪焕
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Huangshan Dingxin Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
Original Assignee
Huangshan Dingxin Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS
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Application filed by Huangshan Dingxin Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd, Fisheries Research Institute of Anhui AAS filed Critical Huangshan Dingxin Ecological Agriculture Development Co ltd
Priority to CN201910062744.9A priority Critical patent/CN109717101A/en
Publication of CN109717101A publication Critical patent/CN109717101A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind to be used for light lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system.Including aquaculture pond and rice field.Improvement is to be equipped with horizontal lock net in 1. aquaculture ponds;2. rice field area is 80 times or more for cultivating pool area, sedimentation basin is equipped in rice field, precipitating pool area is 1.5-2 times for cultivating pool area;Shrimp ditch is additionally provided in rice field, for cultivating silver carp, flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis and cray.Light lip fish is put in a suitable place to breed in the aquaculture pond on lock net top, residual bait and fish excrement pass through lock net and sink to bottom of pond, and enter sedimentation basin with water flow, and large particulate matter is deposited in sedimentation basin in residual bait and fish excrement, uses convenient for being collected for farmland;Smaller particle substance enters rice field and shrimp ditch with water flow, ingests for Plagiognathops microlepis and cray;It is soluble in the nitrogen phosphorus of water body to absorb for rice, water plant growth, cultivation tail water is made to have obtained sufficient purified treatment.One aspect of the present invention provides light lip fish culture method, on the other hand can ensure to cultivate tail water qualified discharge.

Description

A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system.
Background technique
Light lip fish is a kind of small-sized economic freshwater fish inhabited in intermountain streams, is distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian etc. Ground, widely distributed in Wannan mountainous area, because its market price is high, breeding prospect is wide, and in recent years, the mountain area people start manually Light lip fish is cultivated, since light lip fish has higher requirement to Dissolved Oxygen in Water, temperature and transparency, light lip fish is mainly adopted at present Use flowing water culture.However, flowing water culture needs continuous discharge tail water, a large amount of residual baits and fish faeces contained in tail water without Processing is just expelled directly out, and such breeding way easily causes environmental pollution.And existing smooth lip fish culture pond does not use fish excrement Separator, most of breeding waste all sedimentation basin bottoms, needs periodic cleaning.Existing smooth lip fish culture tail water or It is discharged after direct emission or simple precipitation, has both failed sufficiently cleaned up, also fail to recycle.Therefore, to preserve the ecological environment, Ensure light lip fish culture industry sustainable development, the present invention provides a kind of light lip fish culture ponds and matched of fish excrement separation Tail water processing and utilizing system.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize cultivation tail water qualified discharge, while composite culture benefit is improved, the present invention provides a kind of smooth lip fishes Cultivation, tail water purification utilization system.
A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system include aquaculture pond 2 and rice field 11, the top of the aquaculture pond 2 Side is equipped with water inlet pipe 1, and bottom of pond 4 is funnel-shaped, and bottom of pond 4 is connected to drainpipe 5, and drainpipe 5 is equipped with water valve 501;The rice Field 11 is surrounded by ridge 7;
The bottom of pond 4 of the aquaculture pond 2 is funnel-form, and horizontal lock net 3 is equipped in the aquaculture pond 2 of funnelform bottom of pond 4;
11 area of rice field is 80 times or more of 2 area of aquaculture pond;11 1 jiaos of rice field in the ridge 7 is equipped with sedimentation basin 9; Sedimentation basin 9 and 11 adjacent of rice field be equipped with and precipitate the sub- ridge 8, precipitate the channel that connection rice field 11 is uniformly offered on the sub- ridge 8;With It is equipped with shrimp ditch 14 in the adjacent rice field 11 of sedimentation basin 9, the sub- ridge 13 is equipped between rice field 11 and shrimp ditch 14, one end of shrimp ditch 14 is connected to Sedimentation basin 9, the other end of shrimp ditch 14 offer water outlet 12;Tail water import is offered on ridge 7 corresponding with sedimentation basin 9 10, the tail water import 10 is connected to the drainpipe 5 of aquaculture pond 2;
Light lip fish is put in a suitable place to breed in the aquaculture pond 2 on 3 top of lock net, the silver carp, flathead of cultivation, thin squama are oblique in sedimentation basin 9 and shrimp ditch 14 Jaw silver xenocypris and cray;Residual bait and fish excrement in aquaculture pond 2 sink to bottom of pond 4 by lock net 3, and residual bait and fish excrement flow through draining with water Pipe 5 enters sedimentation basin 9, and large particulate matter is deposited in sedimentation basin 9 in residual bait and fish excrement, uses convenient for being collected for farmland;Smaller Grain substance enters rice field and shrimp ditch with water flow, ingests for Plagiognathops microlepis and cray;The nitrogen phosphorus for being soluble in water body can supply water Rice, water plant growth absorb, and cultivation tail water is made to have obtained sufficient purified treatment.
The technical solution further limited is as follows:
The diameter of the aquaculture pond 2 is 5~6m, 0.8~1m of Chi Shen.
The lock net 3 is steel mesh net or polythene net, and mesh aperture is 5~8mm.
9 area of sedimentation basin is 1.5~2 times of 2 area of aquaculture pond.
When 11 area of rice field is 15~50 mu, the shrimp ditch 14 is annular ditch;When 11 area of rice field is 10~15 mu, The shrimp ditch 14 is U-shaped ditch;When 11 area of rice field is 5~10 mu, the shrimp ditch 14 is L-type ditch;11 area of rice field is 5 mu or less When, the shrimp ditch 14 is unilateral ditch.
The ditch top width degree of the shrimp ditch 14 is 3~4m, and bottom of trench width is 1m, and ditch depth is 1~1.2m, the ditch of 7 side of ridge The slope ratio of wall is 1:1.5.
The sub- ridge 8 of precipitating is lower than ridge 7, is higher than rice field 11, and the width for precipitating the sub- ridge 8 is 0.3~0.4m, precipitates the sub- ridge 8 height is 0.2~0.3m, precipitates and offers the channel that width is 0.5m every 3~5m on the sub- ridge 8.
The sub- ridge 13 is lower than ridge 7, is higher than rice field 11, the width on the sub- ridge 13 is 0.3~0.4m, and the height on the sub- ridge 13 is 0.2~0.3m.
Anti-escape plastic film, anti-escape plastic film are equipped with by support rod on 7 inner sidewall of ridge adjacent with rice field 11 Lower end be earthed in 10~20cm, upper end be higher than ridge 7 50~60cm of top surface;Spacing between adjacent supports bar is 1~ 2m;The anti-escape plastic film of 7 corner of ridge is in arc transition.
The anti-escape plastic film with a thickness of 0.3~0.5mm.
Advantageous effects of the invention embody in the following areas:
1) aquaculture pond of the present invention improves the advantageous effects that can be generated.In cultivation bottom of pond portion, horizontal lock net, fish are set Excrement and residual bait are easily deposited to below lock net, and flow to sedimentation basin with water, improve the speed that breeding waste is separated from aquaculture pond Degree.
2) tail water purification method advantageous effects of the present invention.The large particulate matters such as fish excrement and residual bait in tail water are deposited in Sedimentation basin uses convenient for being collected for farmland;Smaller particle substance enters rice field and shrimp ditch with water flow, oblique for cray, thin squama Jaw silver xenocypris is ingested;It is soluble in the nitrogen phosphorus of water body to absorb for rice, water plant growth, cultivation tail water has obtained sufficient purified treatment.
3) specification can reach 35g/ tail or so to the light lip fish that the present invention cultivates by the end of October, can be used as marketable fish sale or big rule The cultivation of the lattice fingerling coming year, is calculated, yield is up to 1.9kg/m by survival rate 90%3~3.15kg/m3.At the end of cultivation, sedimentation basin and Silver carp, flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis specification in shrimp ditch up to 2kg/ tail, 2.2kg/ tail, 1.8kg/ tail more than;Cray yield can reach 20~30kg/667m2;Rice yield can reach 400kg/667m2, comprehensive benefit is obviously improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is pond structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is paddy field structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Serial number in upper figure: water inlet pipe 1, aquaculture pond 2, lock net 3, bottom of pond 4, outlet pipe 5, water valve 501, rice shoot 6, ridge 7, Precipitate the sub- ridge 8, sedimentation basin 9, draft tube 10, rice field 11, water outlet 12, the sub- ridge 13, shrimp ditch 14.
Specific embodiment
Structure Figure below is described further the present invention by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system include aquaculture pond 2 and rice field 11.
Referring to Fig. 1, the diameter of aquaculture pond 2 is 6m, Chi Shen 0.8m.The top side of aquaculture pond 2 is equipped with water inlet pipe 1, pond Bottom 4 is funnel-shaped, and bottom of pond 4 is connected to drainpipe 5, and water valve 501 is equipped on drainpipe 5.The bottom of pond 4 of aquaculture pond 2 is funnel-form, Horizontal lock net 3 is installed in the aquaculture pond 2 of funnelform bottom of pond 4;Lock net 3 is steel mesh net, and mesh aperture is 5mm。
Referring to fig. 2,11 area of rice field is 82 times of 2 area of aquaculture pond, and 11 area of rice field is 3.5 mu, and shrimp ditch 14 is unilateral Ditch.Rice field 11 is surrounded by ridge 7, and 11 side of rice field in ridge 7 is equipped with sedimentation basin 9, and 9 area of sedimentation basin is aquaculture pond 2 1.5 times of area;Sedimentation basin 9 and 11 adjacent of rice field be equipped with and precipitate the sub- ridge 8, precipitate the sub- ridge 8 lower than ridge 7, be higher than rice field 11, the width for precipitating the sub- ridge 8 is 0.3m, is highly 0.2m, precipitates and offers the channel that width is 0.5m every 3m on the sub- ridge 8.
Shrimp ditch 14 is offered in the rice field 11 adjacent with sedimentation basin 9, shrimp ditch 14 is L-type ditch.The ditch top width degree of shrimp ditch 14 is 3m, bottom of trench width be 1m, ditch depth 1m, and the slope ratio of the furrow bank of 7 side of ridge is 1:1.5.One end of shrimp ditch 14 is connected to precipitating Pond 9, the other end of shrimp ditch 14 offer water outlet 12;Tail water import 10, tail water are offered on ridge 7 corresponding with sedimentation basin 9 Import 10 is connected to the drainpipe 5 of aquaculture pond 2.
The sub- ridge 13 is equipped between rice field 11 and shrimp ditch 14, the sub- ridge 13 is lower than ridge 7, is higher than rice field 11, the width on the sub- ridge 13 For 0.3m, be highly 0.3m.
Anti-escape plastic film, anti-escape plastic film are equipped with by support rod on 7 inner sidewall of ridge adjacent with rice field 11 With a thickness of 0.5mm.The lower end of anti-escape plastic film is earthed interior 15cm, and upper end is higher than the top surface 55cm of ridge 7;Adjacent supports Spacing between bar is 1.5m;The anti-escape plastic film of 7 corner of ridge is in arc transition.
Light lip fish is put in a suitable place to breed in the aquaculture pond 2 on 3 top of lock net, the residual bait and fish excrement in aquaculture pond 2 pass through lock net 3 It sinks to bottom of pond 4, residual bait and fish excrement and flows through drainpipe 5 into sedimentation basin 9 with water, improve what breeding waste was separated from aquaculture pond Speed;Residual bait and fish excrement are used to feed the Plagiognathops microlepis and cray cultivated in sedimentation basin 9, rice field 11 and shrimp ditch 14.
Specific cultivation operating procedure is as follows:
(1) rice field on December 20 is poured water to Zi Geng is flooded, and transplants waterweed in rice field.March 6 coming year transplants spray in shrimp ditch It is raw.April 2 transplanted water spinach in shrimp ditch.Water plant coverage rate is up to 30% when ensuring to put cray seedling;
(2) March 25 days wash light lip fish culture pond, and be exposed to the sun 7d, prepares to put seedling;
(3) seed is launched
(3.1) aquaculture pond launches light lip fish
April 10, the seed of a length of 6cm of body is launched, throw-in density is 70 tails/m3;
(3.2) sedimentation basin, shrimp ditch launch aquatic animal
Silver carp, flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis were launched in sedimentation basin and shrimp ditch April 12.The throw-in density of silver carp is 60 tails/667m2, rule Lattice are 4 tails/kg, and the throw-in density of flathead is 30 tails/667m2, specification is 4 tails/kg, the throw-in density of Plagiognathops microlepis be 30 tails/ 667m2, specification is 5 tails/kg, to purify water;
(3.3) rice field cray is launched
April 8, cray 10kg is launched in rice field per acre, and specification is 150 tails/kg cray.Before dispensing, by shrimp seedling in rice field water In embathe 2 times, about 5 minutes, so that shrimp seedling is adapted to water in field temperature, then shrimp seedling is uniformly launched along the sub- ridge in rice field;
(4) daily to feed
(4.1) protein content is used to feed light lip fish for 36% or so puffing material, the rate that feeds day is 3%, and morning and afternoon respectively feeds one Secondary, wherein feeding volume in afternoon accounts for the 70% of whole day feeding volume, and flexibly increases and decreases depending on weather, situation of ingesting;Silver carp, flathead, the oblique jaw of thin squama Silver xenocypris, cray are food with residual bait, natural bait, are not fed;
(4.2) ordinary management
Pay close attention to inflow, it is ensured that water reaches 300kg/min or more;Every 10d soil pick-up pumps the sediment in cleaning sedimentation basin, Sediment is mainly fish residual bait and excrement, can be used for vegetable plot fertilising;
(4.3) disease control
Light lip fish, silver carp flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis, cray are carried out disinfection with 3% saline solution before launching and are handled 5 minutes;Periodically It acquires light lip fish sample and carries out microscopy, emphasis checks for the parasitic diseases infection conditions such as small melonworm, Trichodina;
(5) cray is caught
Cray was caught in rice field and shrimp ditch arrangement cage May 25.Terminate to the fishing of cray on June 18, by water level in paddy field Gradually reduce to shrimp ditch, to whole field after, pour water and transplant rice shoot, into rice management phase;
(6) rice harvesting
Water level in paddy field was reduced to shrimp ditch, gathers in rice October 15;
(7) fishes fishing
It November 2 chose the right moment and sells light lip fish or cultivated as the large size fingerling coming year;December 10 harvesting sedimentation basin and shrimp Silver carp, flathead and Plagiognathops microlepis in ditch.
Specification can reach 35g/ tail or so to the light lip fish cultivated using present system by the end of October, can be used as marketable fish sale Or the cultivation of the large size fingerling coming year, it is calculated by survival rate 90%, yield is up to 2.6kg/m3.At the end of cultivation, sedimentation basin and shrimp ditch In silver carp, flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis specification up to 2kg/ tail, 2.1kg/ tail, 1.9kg/ tail more than;Cray yield can reach 26kg/667m2;Rice yield can reach 420kg/667m2, comprehensive benefit is obviously improved.
Embodiment 2
The diameter of aquaculture pond 2 is 5m, Chi Shen 1.0m.Lock net 3 is polythene net, mesh aperture 6mm.11 area of rice field is feeding 200 times for growing 2 area of pond, 9 area of sedimentation basin are 2 times of 2 area of aquaculture pond;11 area of rice field is 6 mu, and shrimp ditch 14 is L-type ditch. Same embodiment in fact.
Operating procedure is cultivated with embodiment 1.
Specification can reach 35g/ tail or so to the light lip fish that the present embodiment 2 uses present system to cultivate by the end of October, can be used as Marketable fish sale or the cultivation of the large size fingerling coming year, are calculated, yield is up to 2.5kg/m by survival rate 90%3.At the end of cultivation, sink Silver carp, flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis specification in shallow lake pond and shrimp ditch is up to more than 2.1kg/ tail, more than 2.1kg/ tail, more than 1.9kg/ tail; Cray yield can reach 24kg/667m2;Rice yield can reach 400kg/667m2

Claims (10)

1. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system, including aquaculture pond (2) and rice field (11), the aquaculture pond (2) Top side be equipped with water inlet pipe (1), bottom of pond (4) is funnel-shaped, and bottom of pond (4) is connected to drainpipe (5), and drainpipe is set on (5) There are water valve (501);The rice field (11) is surrounded by ridge (7), it is characterised in that:
The bottom of pond (4) of the aquaculture pond (2) is funnel-form, is equipped in the aquaculture pond (2) of funnelform bottom of pond (4) horizontal Lock net (3);
Rice field (11) area is 80 times or more of aquaculture pond (2) area;(11) one jiaos of rice field in the ridge (7) is equipped with Sedimentation basin (9);Sedimentation basin (9) and rice field (11) adjacent be equipped with and precipitate the sub- ridge (8), precipitate and uniformly offered on the sub- ridge (8) It is connected to the channel of rice field (11);Shrimp ditch (14), rice field (11) and shrimp ditch (14) are equipped in the rice field (11) adjacent with sedimentation basin (9) Between be equipped with the sub- ridge (13), one end of shrimp ditch (14) is connected to sedimentation basin (9), and the other end of shrimp ditch (14) offers water outlet (12);It is offered tail water import (10) on ridge (7) corresponding with sedimentation basin (9), the tail water import (10) is connected to cultivation The drainpipe (5) in pond (2);
Light lip fish is put in a suitable place to breed in the aquaculture pond (2) on lock net (3) top, the silver carp of sedimentation basin (9) and the interior cultivation of shrimp ditch (14), Flathead, Plagiognathops microlepis and cray;Residual bait and fish excrement in aquaculture pond (2) are sunk to bottom of pond (4) by lock net (3), residual bait and Fish excrement flows through drainpipe (5) with water and enters sedimentation basin (9), and large particulate matter is deposited in sedimentation basin (9) in residual bait and fish excrement, is convenient for It is collected for farmland use;Smaller particle substance enters rice field and shrimp ditch with water flow, ingests for Plagiognathops microlepis and cray;Easily It is dissolved in the nitrogen phosphorus of water body to absorb for rice, water plant growth, cultivation tail water is made to have obtained sufficient purified treatment.
2. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aquaculture pond (2) diameter is 5~6m, 0.8~1m of Chi Shen.
3. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lock net It (3) is steel mesh net or polythene net, mesh aperture is 5~8mm.
4. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sedimentation basin (9) area is 1.5~2 times of aquaculture pond (2) area.
5. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rice field (11) when area is 15~50 mu, the shrimp ditch (14) is annular ditch;When rice field (11) area is 10~15 mu, the shrimp ditch It (14) is U-shaped ditch;When rice field (11) area is 5~10 mu, the shrimp ditch (14) is L-type ditch;Rice field (11) area is 5 mu or less When, the shrimp ditch (14) is unilateral ditch.
6. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shrimp ditch (14) ditch top width degree is 3~4m, and bottom of trench width is 1m, and ditch depth is 1~1.2m, and the slope ratio of the furrow bank of ridge (7) side is 1: 1.5。
7. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: precipitating The ridge (8) is lower than ridge (7), is higher than rice field (11), and the width for precipitating the sub- ridge (8) is 0.3~0.4m, precipitates the height of the sub- ridge (8) For 0.2~0.3m, precipitates and offer the channel that width is 0.5m every 3~5m on the sub- ridge (8).
8. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sub- ridge (13) it is lower than ridge (7), is higher than rice field (11), the width of the sub- ridge (13) is 0.3~0.4m, the height of the sub- ridge (13) is 0.2~ 0.3m。
9. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: with rice field (11) Anti-escape plastic film is equipped with by support rod on adjacent ridge (7) inner sidewall, the lower end of anti-escape plastic film is earthed interior 10~20cm, upper end are higher than the 50~60cm of top surface of ridge (7);Spacing between adjacent supports bar is 1~2m;Ridge (7) turns The anti-escape plastic film of crook is in arc transition.
10. a kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described anti-escape Plastic film with a thickness of 0.3~0.5mm.
CN201910062744.9A 2019-01-23 2019-01-23 A kind of smooth lip fish culture and tail water purification utilization system Pending CN109717101A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190507