CN109709562A - A kind of target resolution data processing method of detection sonar - Google Patents
A kind of target resolution data processing method of detection sonar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of targets of detection sonar to differentiate data processing method.This method makes beam angle become narrower in the case where not changing the working frequency and battle array scale of habitata sonar using signal processing technology, improves the picture quality and target resolution capability of sonar.Mainly realized by following four step: first is that involution, by receiving, the phase difference between the frequency of signal and array element is double；Second is that high-pass filtering, selects radio-frequency component and filters out DC component；Third is that Hilbert is converted, real signal is transformed into analytic signal；Fourth is that phase shift Wave beam forming, carries out wave beam output to the array signal after change.The present invention is suitable for detection and identification of the image sonar to ocean bottom target, so that beam angle of the sonar battle array under fixed working frequency and battle array scale becomes narrower, to improve the picture quality or resolving power of sonar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of signal processing, the target for particularly relating to a kind of detection sonar is differentiated at data
Reason method.
Background technique
Image sonar depends primarily on the working frequency and battle array scale of sonar to the detection performance of ocean bottom target, work
Frequency is higher, battle array scale is bigger, then the scanning beam of sonar is narrower, and target echo structure is finer, the quality of sonar image
Also higher, target discrimination is stronger.However, being influenced by acoustic propagation decaying and installation dimension limitation etc., working frequency and battle array
Scale cannot be unlimited increase.
In working frequency and the timing of battle array scale one, gust natural directive property it is substantially stationary, seabed beam scanning is divided
Distinguish that power (being determined by beam angle) also determines that.To improve wave beam resolving power, scanning beam width is made to narrow or improve work
Working frequency or increase battle array scale.If improving working frequency, acoustic propagation attenuation losses will be increased, reduce the operating distance of sonar；
If increasing battle array scale, it will installation and marine use to battle array are made troubles, and working frequency or increase usually will not be directly improved
Battle array scale is differentiated to improve wave beam.
It is, of course, also possible to which the wave beam for being improved sonar using the method for array signal processing is differentiated, Wave beam forming is such as weighted
Method and Virtual array Beamforming Method.However, although weighting Beamforming Method can improve wave beam to a certain extent
Resolving power, as Dolph-Chebyshev is weighted, but its wave beam narrow so that entire space side-lobes grade raising, and wave beam
Improvement ability is very limited.The wave beam of Virtual array Beamforming Method differentiates improvement ability, with Virtual array number and each void
The building precision of matroid metadata is directly related, and Virtual array number is more, Virtual array data building precision are higher, then should
The achievable scanning beam of method is narrower, and wave beam resolution capability is stronger.However, under ocean application environment complicated and changeable, it is empty
Quasi- array element number and data building precision are to contradiction, and Virtual array number increases the drop that will lead to data building precision
It is low, while increasing the complexity of data building, therefore, the improvement of Virtual array Beamforming Method wave beam resolution capability is equally non-
It is often limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of targets of detection sonar to differentiate data processing method, in order to solve habitata sonar
The problem of target is differentiated.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of target resolution data processing method of detection sonar, in the working frequency and battle array for not changing habitata sonar
In the case where scale, beam angle is set to become narrower using signal processing method, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, involution, by multiplier by detection sonar basic matrix reception signal frequency and array element between phase
Difference is double；
Step 2, high-pass filtering retain the radio-frequency component generated after involution and filter out its DC component；
Step 3, Hilbert transformation, is converted into analytic signal for real signal by Hilbert method；
Step 4, phase shift Wave beam forming carry out phase difference compensation to analytic signal, complete the wave beam output of target.
Wherein, the calculation method of the involution are as follows: assuming that the working frequency of the reception signal of sonar transducer array is f0, involution fortune
Output after calculation are as follows:
In formula, x (t) is the reception signal of sonar transducer array,For initial phase, X (t) is involution output.
Preferably, the calculation method of the high-pass filtering are as follows:
Y (t)=X (t) * h (t)
In formula, h (t) is the impulse response sequence of high-pass filter, and y (t) is that array element signals pass through filtered output.
Preferably, the calculation method of the Hilbert transformation are as follows: real signal makes its negative frequency by Hilbert converter
Ingredient does+90 ° of phase shifts, and positive frequency component does -90 ° of phase shifts, analytic signal z (t) expression formula that real signal y (t) is formed are as follows:
In formula,It is converted for the Hilbert of real signal y (t), is defined as:
Wherein, the calculation method of the phase shift Wave beam forming are as follows: if the reception signal form of sonar transducer array is pure-tone pulse,
Target echo signal is then detected using phase shift Beam-former and exports target image；The analytic signal z (t) of each array element passes through
The output of phase shift Beam-former are as follows:
In formula,It is expressed as making the maximum of wave beam to deviate a certain angle of normal direction, each array element channel is necessary
The phase size of compensation；wiFor the weighting coefficient of array element.
The invention has the benefit that the present invention provides a kind of targets of detection sonar to differentiate data processing method,
In the case where the working frequency and the battle array scale that do not change habitata sonar, become beam angle more using signal processing technology
It is narrow, improve the picture quality and target resolution capability of sonar.Mainly realized by following four step: first is that involution, it will
The phase difference received between the frequency and array element of signal is double；Second is that high-pass filtering, selects radio-frequency component and filters out DC component；
Third is that Hilbert is converted, real signal is transformed into analytic signal；Fourth is that phase shift Wave beam forming, to the array signal after change into
The output of traveling wave beam.The present invention is suitable for detection and identification of the image sonar to ocean bottom target, so that sonar battle array is in fixation
Beam angle under working frequency and battle array scale becomes narrower, to improve the picture quality or resolving power of sonar.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of target of detection sonar provided by the invention differentiates data processing method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the output figure that conventional beamformer and Dolph-Chebyshev weight Wave beam forming；
Fig. 3 is conventional beamformer and handles the output figure that postwave beam is formed by involution etc..
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this hair
Bright embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other implementation obtained without creative labor
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig.1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of targets of detection sonar to differentiate data processing method, is not changing
In the case where the working frequency and battle array scale of habitata sonar, so that beam angle is become narrower using signal processing method, has
Body the following steps are included:
Step 1, involution, by multiplier by detection sonar basic matrix reception signal frequency and array element between phase
Difference is double；The calculation method of involution are as follows: assuming that the working frequency of the reception signal of sonar transducer array is f0, output after multiplication operations
Are as follows:
In formula, x (t) is the reception signal of sonar transducer array,For initial phase, X (t) is involution output.
Step 2, high-pass filtering retain the radio-frequency component generated after involution and filter out its DC component；The high-pass filtering
Calculation method are as follows:
Y (t)=X (t) * h (t)
In formula, h (t) is the impulse response sequence of high-pass filter, and y (t) is that array element signals pass through filtered output.
Step 3, Hilbert transformation, is converted into analytic signal for real signal by Hilbert method；Hilbert transformation
Calculation method are as follows: real signal makes its negative frequency component do+90 ° of phase shifts by Hilbert converter, and positive frequency component does -90 °
Phase shift, analytic signal z (t) expression formula that real signal y (t) is formed are as follows:
In formula,It is converted for the Hilbert of real signal y (t), is defined as:
Step 4, phase shift Wave beam forming carry out phase difference compensation to analytic signal, complete the wave beam output of target.
The calculation method of phase shift Wave beam forming are as follows: if the reception signal form of sonar transducer array is pure-tone pulse, use phase
Beam-former is moved to detect target echo signal and export target image；The analytic signal z (t) of each array element passes through phase shift wave beam
The output of shaper are as follows:
In formula,It is expressed as making the maximum of wave beam to deviate a certain angle of normal direction, each array element channel is necessary
The phase size of compensation；wiFor the weighting coefficient of array element.
While involution makes doubling frequency, the phase difference between array element is also doubled, since the essence of phase shift Wave beam forming is
Compensation to phase, therefore, the wave beam output essence to corresponding frequency-doubled signal are the compensation to cenotype potential difference, to realize 2
Wave beam output effect under times working frequency.
By simulation analysis of computer, the present invention is described further.Simulated conditions, sonar operating frequency are
40kHz, array element number are 33, and using half-wave long spacing, beam-scanning angles are 30 °.From figure 2 it can be seen that weighting wave
Although beam formation enables to beam angle to narrow, the improvement differentiated to wave beam is very limited, and the improvement is with entire empty
Between side lobe levels rise to cost, lose more than gain.
Fig. 3 simulation result shows that the Wave beam forming after involution enables to beam angle appearance significantly to narrow, i.e., to wave
The improvement that beam is differentiated is obvious, but occurs graing lobe in observation space.In certain applications, some skills can be passed through
Art means reject the influence of the graing lobe, such as time gated.Therefore, more demanding application is differentiated in some pairs of targets,
It the use of this programme is a kind of preferable selection.
The present invention is suitable for detection and identification of the image sonar to ocean bottom target, so that sonar battle array is in fixed work
Beam angle under frequency and battle array scale becomes narrower, to improve the picture quality or resolving power of sonar.
In the description of this specification, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be real in any one or more
Applying can be combined in any suitable manner in example or example.
Certainly, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention,
Those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these change and modification are all
It should belong to scope of protection of the claims of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of target of detection sonar differentiates data processing method, which is characterized in that in the work for not changing habitata sonar
In the case where working frequency and battle array scale, beam angle is set to become narrower using signal processing method, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, involution are turned over the phase difference between the frequency and array element of the reception signal of detection sonar basic matrix by multiplier
Times；
Step 2, high-pass filtering retain the radio-frequency component generated after involution and filter out its DC component；
Step 3, Hilbert transformation, is converted into analytic signal for real signal by Hilbert method；
Step 4, phase shift Wave beam forming carry out phase difference compensation to analytic signal, complete the wave beam output of target.
2. the target of detection sonar according to claim 1 differentiates data processing method, which is characterized in that the involution
Calculation method are as follows: assuming that the working frequency of the reception signal of sonar transducer array is f0, output after multiplication operations are as follows:
In formula, x (t) is the reception signal of sonar transducer array,For initial phase, X (t) is involution output.
3. the target of detection sonar according to claim 1 differentiates data processing method, which is characterized in that the high pass filter
The calculation method of wave are as follows:
Y (t)=X (t) * h (t)
In formula, h (t) is the impulse response sequence of high-pass filter, and y (t) is that array element signals pass through filtered output.
4. the target of detection sonar according to claim 3 differentiates data processing method, which is characterized in that described
The calculation method of Hilbert transformation are as follows: real signal makes its negative frequency component do+90 ° of phase shifts by Hilbert converter, positive frequency
Rate ingredient does -90 ° of phase shifts, analytic signal z (t) expression formula that real signal y (t) is formed are as follows:
In formula,It is converted for the Hilbert of real signal y (t), is defined as:
5. the target of detection sonar according to claim 3 differentiates data processing method, which is characterized in that the phase shift wave
Beam formed calculation method are as follows: if the reception signal form of sonar transducer array be pure-tone pulse, using phase shift Beam-former come
Detection target echo signal simultaneously exports target image；The analytic signal z (t) of each array element passes through the output of phase shift Beam-former
Are as follows:
In formula,It is expressed as making the maximum of wave beam to deviate a certain angle of normal direction, each array element channel must be compensated for
Phase size；wiFor the weighting coefficient of array element.
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