CN109698341B - Electrode preparation method, electrode and battery - Google Patents
Electrode preparation method, electrode and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109698341B CN109698341B CN201811619157.7A CN201811619157A CN109698341B CN 109698341 B CN109698341 B CN 109698341B CN 201811619157 A CN201811619157 A CN 201811619157A CN 109698341 B CN109698341 B CN 109698341B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021205 NaH2PO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5805—Phosphides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrode preparation method, an electrode and a battery, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The preparation method of the electrode comprises the following steps: melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 Mixing O according to a preset mass ratio to obtain an initial mixture; adding ammonium persulfate with preset molar concentration into the initial mixture, and polymerizing at a first preset temperature to obtain a first composite material; calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere with a second preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a second composite material; the second composite material is subjected to gas phase phosphating. The electrode preparation method provided by the invention can obtain the electrode with good conductivity and high cycle stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electrode preparation method, an electrode and a battery.
Background
The traditional lithium ion electrode material is mainly graphite, but the theoretical capacity is only 372mAh/g, the requirement of small portable equipment cannot be met, dendrites and the like can be generated on the surface when the potential is close to that of metal lithium, and the safety performance cannot be ensured.
The iron-based material has higher energy density, rich raw materials, low price and good safety. However, the iron-based material has problems of volume expansion and poor conductivity of the material itself during charge and discharge as an electrode, and severely affects the cycle and rate performance of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an electrode, which can prepare the electrode with good conductivity and high cycle stability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrode which has good conductivity and high cycle stability.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a battery which has good conductivity and high cycle stability.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a method of preparing an electrode comprising:
melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 Mixing O according to a preset mass ratio to obtain an initial mixture;
adding ammonium persulfate with preset molar concentration into the initial mixture, and polymerizing at a first preset temperature to obtain a first composite material;
calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere with a second preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a second composite material;
and carrying out gas-phase phosphating on the second composite material.
Further, before the step of adding ammonium persulfate at a predetermined molar concentration to the initial mixture and polymerizing at a first predetermined temperature to obtain a first composite material, the electrode preparation method further comprises:
1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the initial mixture for sonication.
Further, the step of subjecting the second composite material to vapor phase phosphating comprises:
coating the second composite material with NaH 2 PO 2 And is placed in an argon atmosphere at 200-400 ℃ for calcination for 1-10 h.
Further, the step of subjecting the second composite material to vapor phase phosphating comprises:
coating the second composite material with NaH 2 PO 2 And calcined in an argon atmosphere at 300 ℃ for 3 hours.
Further, the second preset temperature is any temperature between 300 and 900 ℃, and the first preset time is any time between 1 and 10 hours.
Further, the second preset temperature is 900 ℃, and the first preset time is 3h.
Further, the preset mass ratio is 8:1:1.
Further, the preset molar concentration is 0.5mol/L, and the first preset temperature is 0 ℃.
The invention also provides an electrode, which is prepared by the electrode preparation method, and the electrode preparation method comprises the following steps: melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 Mixing O according to a preset mass ratio to obtain an initial mixture; adding ammonium persulfate with preset molar concentration into the initial mixture, and polymerizing at a first preset temperature to obtain a first composite material; calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere with a second preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a second composite material; and carrying out gas-phase phosphating on the second composite material.
The invention also provides a battery, which comprises a main body and the electrode, wherein the electrode is arranged on the main body.
Compared with the prior art, the electrode preparation method, the electrode and the battery provided by the invention are prepared from melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 O is taken as a raw material, a first composite material of melamine foam, feOOH and conductive polymer is obtained by polymerization, and then the first composite material is put into a nitrogen environment for combustion to obtain Fe 3 O 4 The second composite material is subjected to gas-phase phosphating to obtain porous FeP and nitrogen-doped carbon flexible composite foam of the conductive polymer, the conductive polymer can remarkably improve the conductivity of the FeP, and the nitrogen-doped carbon foam can effectively relieve the volume effect of the FeP. Therefore, the electrode preparation method provided by the invention can be used for preparing the electrode with good conductivity and high cycle stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. Other relevant drawings may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block flow diagram of an electrode manufacturing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The electrode preparation method, the electrode and the battery according to the embodiment of the invention are specifically described below.
The research shows that FeP has higher theoretical specific capacity and relatively lower charge-discharge voltage platform, and is a relatively suitable electrode material. However, the volume expansion and the poor conductivity of the material during charge and discharge seriously affect the cycle and rate performance of the battery. The conductive polymer material is used as an electrode material for the lithium ion secondary battery, so that the conductivity of the material can be effectively improved, and the cycling stability of the material can be improved. The nitrogen-doped carbon flexible composite foam electrode of the FeP and the conductive polymer prepared by the electrode preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the conductive polymer improves the conductivity of the FeP, and the nitrogen-doped carbon foam can effectively relieve the volume effect of the FeP. Therefore, the electrode prepared by the electrode preparation method provided by the invention has good conductivity and high cycle stability.
The electrode preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S101: melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 O is mixed according to a preset mass ratio to obtain an initial mixture.
These threeThe melamine foam is obtained after pure treatment, the prepared melamine foam is put into 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid to be soaked for 6 hours, then the melamine foam is transferred into a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol/acetone (1:1) to be soaked for 3 hours, then the melamine foam is washed for 3-5 times by absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and then the melamine foam is put into a drying box at 60 ℃ to be dried for 12 hours, so that the pure melamine foam is obtained. In the initial mixture, the mass ratio of the melamine foam is 50-80%, the mass ratio of the aniline is 10-25%, and the FeCl is 3 .6H 2 The mass ratio of O is also 10-25%.
Preferably, the preset mass ratio is 8:1:1, namely the mass ratio of melamine foam is 80%, the mass ratio of aniline is 10%, and FeCl is adopted 3 .6H 2 The mass ratio of O was also 10%.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method may further include:
step S102: 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the initial mixture for sonication.
The ultrasonic treatment aims at removing impurities in the initial mixture, and the molar concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid can be adjusted.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method may further include:
step S103: ammonium persulfate with preset molar concentration is added into the initial mixture and polymerized at a first preset temperature to obtain a first composite material, wherein the polymerization time is 6 hours in general.
The first composite material obtained by adding ammonium persulfate into the initial mixture and polymerizing comprises melamine foam, feOOH and conductive polymer. Wherein, the preset molar concentration is preferably 0.5mol/L, the first preset temperature is low temperature, and preferably, 0 ℃ is taken.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method may further include:
step S104: and placing the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere with a second preset temperature for calcining for a first preset time to obtain a second composite material.
A first composite material comprising melamine foam, feOOH and a conductive polymer is disposed in a secondCalcining in nitrogen atmosphere at preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain Fe 3 O 4 A conductive polymer and a nitrogen-doped carbon foam. The second preset temperature is any temperature between 300 and 900 ℃, and the first preset time is any time between 1 and 10 hours. Preferably, the second preset temperature is 900 ℃, and the first preset time is 3 hours.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method may further include:
step S105: the second composite material is subjected to gas phase phosphating.
The adopted gas-phase phosphating method comprises the following specific steps: coating a second composite material with NaH 2 PO 2 And is placed in an argon atmosphere at 200-400 ℃ for calcination for 1-10 h. Preferably, the second composite material is covered on a porcelain boat containing NaH2PO2 and calcined in an argon atmosphere at 300 ℃ for 3 hours. In general, the second composite material is covered on a porcelain boat with NaH2PO2, and is heated to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the argon atmosphere, is kept for 3 hours, and is naturally cooled to room temperature. Comprises Fe 3 O 4 And carrying out gas-phase phosphating on the second composite material of the conductive polymer and the nitrogen-doped carbon foam to obtain the porous FeP and the nitrogen-doped carbon flexible composite foam of the conductive polymer.
The electrode obtained by the electrode preparation method provided by the invention overcomes the defect of poor conductivity of FeP, and the nitrogen-doped carbon flexible composite foam relieves the volume effect of FeP in the charge and discharge processes and improves the circulation stability.
Therefore, the electrode provided by the invention is prepared by the electrode preparation method provided by the invention, and has better conductivity and higher cycling stability.
Furthermore, the battery provided by the invention has better conductivity and higher cycle stability by applying the electrode provided by the invention.
The electrode preparation method provided by the invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
First embodiment
The electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment includes:
step S101: melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 O is as follows in the ratio of 8:1:1 to obtain an initial mixture.
Namely, the mass ratio of melamine foam is 80%, the mass ratio of aniline is 10%, and FeCl 3 .6H 2 The mass ratio of O was also 10%.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment may further include:
step S102: 1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the initial mixture for sonication.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment may further include:
step S103: 0.5mol/L ammonium persulfate was added to the initial mixture and polymerized at 0℃to obtain a first composite material with a polymerization time of 6 hours.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment may further include:
step S104: and (3) calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere at 900 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a second composite material.
Further, the steps of the electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment may further include:
step S105: the second composite material is subjected to gas phase phosphating.
The adopted gas-phase phosphating method comprises the following specific steps: the second composite material was covered on a porcelain boat with NaH2PO2 and calcined in an argon atmosphere at 300 ℃ for 3h.
Second embodiment
The electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment differs from the electrode preparation method provided in the first embodiment in that:
step S101: melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 O is as follows: 1:1 to obtain an initial mixture.
Namely 50% of melamine foam mass, 25% of aniline mass and FeCl 3 .6H 2 Mass ratio of OThe example is also 25%.
Step S102, step S103, step S104 and step S105 are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Third embodiment
The electrode preparation method provided in this embodiment differs from the electrode preparation method provided in the first embodiment in that:
step S104: and (3) calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere at 300 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a second composite material.
Step S105: the second composite material is subjected to gas phase phosphating.
The adopted gas-phase phosphating method comprises the following specific steps: the second composite material was covered on a porcelain boat with NaH2PO2 and calcined in an argon atmosphere at 400 ℃ for 1h.
Step S101, step S102 and step S103 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Test examples
Further, the flexible carbon composite foams doped with nitrogen of the FeP and the conductive polymer obtained in the first, second and third examples were used as working electrodes, lithium sheets were counter electrodes, and the electrolyte was a general lithium ion battery electrolyte, a 2032-type coin cell was prepared, and the discharge capacity of the flexible carbon composite foams doped with nitrogen of the FeP and the conductive polymer obtained in the respective examples was measured as the discharge capacity of the electrodes after 50 cycles at a current density of 0.1A/g. The test results are shown in table 1:
table 1 test example data results
| Discharge capacity after 50 cycles | First embodiment | Second embodiment | Third embodiment |
| Current density charge and discharge of 0.1A/g | 805mAh/g | 556.8mAh/g | 468.3mAh/g |
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the discharge capacity of the nitrogen doped carbon flexible composite foam of the FeP and the conductive polymer prepared in the first, second and third examples after 50 cycles is higher than that of the conventional lithium ion electrode material.
In summary, the electrode preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can obtain the electrode with good conductivity and high cycle stability.
The electrode provided by the invention is prepared by the electrode preparation method provided by the invention, and has good conductivity and high cycle stability.
The battery provided by the invention has good conductivity and high cycle stability when the electrode provided by the invention is used as an electrode.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preparing an electrode, comprising:
melamine foam, aniline and FeCl 3 .6H 2 Mixing O according to a preset mass ratio to obtain an initial mixture;
adding ammonium persulfate with preset molar concentration into the initial mixture, and polymerizing at a first preset temperature to obtain a first composite material;
calcining the first composite material in a nitrogen atmosphere with a second preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a second composite material;
and carrying out gas-phase phosphating on the second composite material to obtain an electrode, wherein the electrode is of a flexible composite foam structure consisting of porous FeP, a conductive polymer and nitrogen-doped carbon.
2. The method of producing an electrode according to claim 1, wherein before the step of adding a predetermined molar concentration of ammonium persulfate to the initial mixture and polymerizing at a first predetermined temperature to obtain a first composite material, the method further comprises:
1mol/L dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the initial mixture for sonication.
3. The method of preparing an electrode according to claim 1, wherein the step of subjecting the second composite material to vapor phase phosphating comprises:
coating the second composite material with NaH 2 PO 2 And is placed in an argon atmosphere at 200-400 ℃ for calcination for 1-10 h.
4. The method of preparing an electrode according to claim 3, wherein the step of subjecting the second composite material to vapor phase phosphating comprises:
coating the second composite material with NaH 2 PO 2 And calcined in an argon atmosphere at 300 ℃ for 3 hours.
5. The method of manufacturing an electrode according to claim 1, wherein the second preset temperature is any temperature between 300 and 900 ℃ and the first preset time is any time between 1 and 10 hours.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second preset temperature is 900 ℃ and the first preset time is 3 hours.
7. The method for preparing an electrode according to claim 1, wherein the preset mass ratio is 8:1:1.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined molar concentration is 0.5mol/L and the first predetermined temperature is 0 ℃.
9. An electrode prepared by the electrode preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A battery comprising a body and the electrode of claim 9 disposed on the body.
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