CN109672243A - A kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109672243A CN109672243A CN201811577447.XA CN201811577447A CN109672243A CN 109672243 A CN109672243 A CN 109672243A CN 201811577447 A CN201811577447 A CN 201811577447A CN 109672243 A CN109672243 A CN 109672243A
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- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control methods, battery is selected network and Buck-Boost circuit to combine by the equalizing circuit, is realized between any one section single lithium battery and lithium battery group or energy transfer between single lithium battery and single lithium battery；Bus current and euqalizing current are detected using Hall sensor and sampling resistor respectively, obtain the operating current of single lithium battery, monomer lithium battery charge state (State of Charge is estimated using expanded Kalman filtration algorithm, SOC), to realize the battery pack balancing control based on single lithium battery SOC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic lithium battery group energy equalizing technique field more particularly to a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy are equal
Weigh circuit and balance control method.
Background technique
Accumulation power supply of the dynamic lithium battery group as aircraft can be used in aircraft starting, flight control and communication navigation class
Airborne electronic equipment emergency service；Space power system also mostly uses solar energy to be converted to power storage in battery, to guarantee to navigate
The continued power of its device electrical equipment.Due to the bulk properties difference of single battery, working environment in series-connected cell group and make
With the difference of number, causes the working characteristics of each single battery different, to generate inconsistency between causing batteries monomer, lead
It causes battery pack to generate " wooden pail effect " to aggravate the performance degradation of each single battery, causes battery durable ability to decline, seriously
Influence battery pack entirety charge storage ability, service life and safety.
Currently, research institution mostly uses greatly in battery pack balancing control method based on the equal of electric voltage equalization criterion both at home and abroad
Weigh control method, this kind of method can effectively avoid single battery from overcharging, over-discharge.But the voltage of dynamic lithium battery have it is very long
The plateau of a period of time, battery capacity variation is smaller with the correlation of voltage in this period, to be unfavorable for monitoring electricity
Consistency of the pond group in this period, equalization efficiency be not also high.And it not only can be real using single battery SOC balance criterion is based on
When monitor the SOC of single battery, but also equilibrium can accurately be carried out using the battery pack balancing strategy based on single battery SOC
Control, improves the equalization efficiency of battery pack.Further, since the complexity of equalizing circuit, most of researchs not yet can be accurate at present
Detection single battery operating current, so as to cause the accurate estimation for being difficult to realize single battery SOC.
Summary of the invention
It is equal to propose a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy in order to solve the problems, such as to mention in above-mentioned " background technique " by the present invention
Weigh circuit and control method, selects network and Buck-Boost equalizing circuit to combine on battery, any one section list may be selected
Energy transfer, realization dynamic lithium battery group energy are equal between body lithium battery and lithium battery group or between single lithium battery and single lithium battery
Weighing apparatus；Due to only one equalizing circuit in circuit, it is possible to acquire euqalizing current (I using surface-mount type sampling resistorbalance),
Hall sensor detects bus current (Icell), to calculate the operating current I of every section single batteryk(Ik=Icell+
Ibalance), the state-of-charge SOC of every section lithium battery is then accurately estimated using expanded Kalman filtration algorithm；This last hair
Bright battery pack equilibrium method of the proposition based on single battery SOC, by comparing the difference of single battery SOC each in battery pack, benefit
It is selected to need balanced battery with switching network, using a Buck-Boost circuit as equalizing circuit, entire equalization scheme
The equalization efficiency and accuracy of battery pack are improved, the engineering practicability of system is also improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. battery is selected network and Buck-Boost circuit to combine by equalizing circuit, realize any one section single lithium battery with
Energy transfer between lithium battery group or between single lithium battery and single lithium battery, it is equal using the battery pack based on single lithium battery SOC
The control method that weighs realizes dynamic lithium battery group balancing energy.
2. a Buck-Boost equalizing circuit is formed by inductance, capacitor, diode and MOSFET, when certain in battery pack saves
When single battery SOC is excessively high, select the battery that it is made to be connected with equalizing circuit by switch selection network first；Then pass through
The metal-oxide-semiconductor in PWM wave conducting equalizing circuit that MCU is generated, electricity of the energy storage for keeping single battery extra in equalizing circuit
In sense, when metal-oxide-semiconductor is closed, inductance energy is transferred in capacitor；Entire battery pack is transferred energy by capacitor, it can also be with
Select the energy transfer that will be stored in capacitor into the single battery of some low battery by switch.
3. detecting bus current I respectively using Hall sensor H1 and surface-mount type sampling resistor RmcellAnd euqalizing current
Ibalance；Wherein, euqalizing current detection method are as follows: surface-mount type sampling resistor Rm connects with inductance, the voltage at the both ends Rm is led to
It crosses difference amplifier the amplitude range of voltage signal is amplified in the A/D sample range of MCU, recycles HCPL7800 to signal
Isolation amplification is carried out, passes to voltage signal in MCU finally by voltage follower
4. a kind of dynamic lithium battery group balancing energy control method, using the Balance route strategy based on single battery SOC,
It the steps include:
Step 1, using voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor to the voltage of single lithium battery, electric current and
Temperature is detected, then using the SOC of expanded Kalman filtration algorithm estimation single lithium battery；
The SOC of step 2, single lithium battery based on estimates finds the minimum and maximum electricity of SOC value in battery pack
Pond monomer, and calculate the average SOC of battery pack；
Step 3 calculates each section single lithium battery SOC and mean deviation Δ SOC in battery pack, using Δ SOC as being
The no judgment basis for opening Balance route；
Step 4, whenever there is deviation delta SOC beyond threshold value the case where, MCU, which is determined, needs balanced battery number, then
Export PWM wave, control corresponding switch to carrying out equilibrium, it is final realize between battery cell and battery pack or battery cell with
The bi-directional of energy between monomer.
5. the single battery SOC estimation method is estimated monomer battery SOC using Kalman filtering algorithm, be the steps include:
Step 1 studies resulting data result based on lithium battery performance test and model parameter off-line identification, selects a certain
Specific environment stress, the lithium battery capacity of working stress condition, OCV-SOC corresponding relationship fitting function, model parameter Ro, Rp,
Cp value initializes the model coefficient of EKF algorithm；
Step 2, the initial end voltage for detecting lithium battery, calculate the initial SOC of battery by OCV-SOC curve1, initialization
Kth=1 moment state vector is X1=[SOC1, 0]T；
Step 3, above-mentioned initialization completion after, with lithium battery operating current Ik(Ik=Icell+Ibalance) as extension
The dominant vector of Kalman Algorithm (Extended Kalman Filter, EKF) model, with lithium battery end voltage VkAs EKF
The observation vector of algorithm model is realized according to the recursion that the stepping type of KF algorithm principle carries out lithium battery state-space model
+ 1 moment of kth state vector Xk+1Estimation, to realize kth+1 moment lithium battery end voltage and SOCk+1On-line Estimation；
Step 4 carries out quantity of state according to actual end voltage measurements to measure update and the measurement of error covariance more
Newly；
Step 5, circulation step 3, are carried out continuously lithium battery end voltage and the On-line Estimation of SOC.
Battery is selected network to the present invention and Buck-Boost equalizing circuit combines, it can be achieved that any one section monomer lithium
Energy transfer between battery and lithium battery group or between single lithium battery and single lithium battery realizes dynamic lithium battery group balancing energy；
The present invention detects bus current (I using Hall sensor and surface-mount type sampling resistor respectivelycell) and euqalizing current (Ibalance),
To calculate the operating current I of every section single batteryk(Ik=Icell+Ibalance), then use expanded Kalman filtration algorithm
Accurately estimate the state-of-charge SOC of every section lithium battery；The last present invention proposes the equalization methods based on single battery SOC, leads to
The difference for crossing each single battery SOC in comparative cell group selects to need balanced battery using switching network, using one
For Buck-Boost circuit as equalizing circuit, entire equalization scheme improves the balanced accuracy and efficiency of battery pack, also improves
The engineering practicability of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the topological structure schematic diagram of circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is euqalizing current detection circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is based on single battery SOC balance control strategy flow charts；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
1. passing through battery voltage sensing module 3, temperature acquisition as shown in Figure 1, battery pack 1 is connect with equalizing circuit module 8
Module 4, bus current acquisition module 6, euqalizing current acquisition module 7, collect monomer battery voltage, electric current and temperature data,
MCU carries out SOC estimation on line using these data combination spreading kalman algorithms；MOSFET drive module 5 can control in figure
Switch state in battery balanced module 7, battery selection network.
2. as shown in Fig. 2, euqalizing current detection circuit is made of difference amplifier, isolated amplifier and voltage follower,
Circuit selects suitable sampling resistor according to the size of euqalizing current, and VR+ and VR- are connect respectively at sampling resistor both ends, passes through difference
Divide amplifier that the amplitude range of voltage signal is amplified in the A/D sample range of MCU；Recycle HCPL7800 to differential amplification
Signal carries out isolated amplifier；Voltage signal is passed in MCU finally by voltage follower.
3. battery balanced module 7 forms the balanced electricity of a Buck-Boost by inductance, capacitor, diode and MOSFET
Road selects the battery to make itself and balanced electricity by switch selection network first when certain section single battery SOC is excessively high in battery pack
Road is connected, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor in equalizing circuit then is connected by the PWM wave that controller generates, makes battery cell energy storage equal
In inductance in weighing apparatus circuit, when metal-oxide-semiconductor is closed, inductance energy is transferred in capacitor, is transferred energy into entirely by capacitor
Battery pack can also select the energy transfer that will be stored in capacitor into the single battery of some low battery by switch.
4. being judged to need balanced battery according to single battery SOC, when certain section single battery SOC is excessively high, using boosting
Mode carries out single battery and battery pack power shifts, and when certain section single battery SOC is too low, carries out battery using decompression mode
The energy transfer of group and single battery.
5. as shown in figure 3, a kind of equalization methods based on single battery SOC, the steps include:
Step 1, using voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor to the voltage of single lithium battery, electric current and
Temperature is detected, then using the SOC of expanded Kalman filtration algorithm estimation single lithium battery；
The SOC of step 2, single lithium battery based on estimates finds the minimum and maximum electricity of SOC value in battery pack
Pond monomer, and calculate the average SOC of battery pack:
Step 3 calculates each section single lithium battery SOC and mean deviation Δ SOC in battery pack, using Δ SOC as being
The no judgment basis for opening Balance route；
Step 4, whenever there is deviation delta SOC beyond threshold value the case where, MCU, which is determined, needs balanced battery number, then
Export PWM wave, control corresponding switch to carrying out equilibrium, it is final realize battery cell and battery pack or battery cell with
The bi-directional of energy between monomer.
6. as shown in figure 4, a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method, the steps include:
Voltage, the electric current, temperature of step 1, the every section single battery of detection；
Step 2, MCU carry out SOC estimation on line using these data combination spreading kalman algorithms；
Step 3 judges whether battery pack needs equilibrium by these battery information systems, if desired balanced then to start equilibrium
Module, realization is battery balanced, if not needing equilibrium, by collected battery information into MCU.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method, it is characterised in that: battery is selected net by equalizing circuit
Network and Buck-Boost circuit combine, and realize between any one section single lithium battery and lithium battery group or single lithium battery and monomer lithium
Energy transfer between battery realizes dynamic lithium battery group using the battery pack balancing control method based on single lithium battery SOC
Balancing energy.
2. a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by inductance, capacitor,
Diode and MOSFET form a Buck-Boost equalizing circuit；When certain section single battery SOC is excessively high in battery pack, first
Select the battery that it is made to be connected with equalizing circuit by switch selection network, the balanced electricity of PWM wave conducting then generated by MCU
Metal-oxide-semiconductor in road, in inductance of the energy storage for keeping single battery extra in equalizing circuit, when metal-oxide-semiconductor is closed, inductance energy
Amount is transferred in capacitor；Entire battery pack is transferred energy by capacitor, can also will be stored in capacitor by switching selection
Energy transfer into the single battery of some low battery.
3. a kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use hall sensing
Device H1 and surface-mount type sampling resistor Rm detect bus current I respectivelycellWith euqalizing current Ibalance；Wherein, euqalizing current detection side
Method are as follows: surface-mount type sampling resistor Rm connects with inductance, the voltage at the both ends Rm is passed through into difference amplifier for the width of voltage signal
Value range is amplified in the A/D sample range of MCU, recycles HCPL7800 to carry out isolation amplification to signal, finally by voltage
Follower passes to voltage signal in MCU.
4. a kind of dynamic lithium battery group balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described one
Battery pack power balance control method of the kind based on single battery SOC, the steps include:
Step 1, using voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor to the voltage, electric current and temperature of single lithium battery
It is detected, then using the SOC of expanded Kalman filtration algorithm estimation single lithium battery；
The SOC of step 2, single lithium battery based on estimates finds the minimum and maximum battery list of SOC value in battery pack
Body, and calculate the average SOC of entire battery pack；
Whether step 3 calculates each section single lithium battery SOC and mean deviation Δ SOC in battery pack, using Δ SOC as opening
Open the judgment basis of Balance route；
Step 4, whenever there is deviation delta SOC beyond threshold value the case where, MCU, which is determined, needs balanced battery number, then exports
PWM wave controls corresponding switch to carrying out equilibrium, finally realizes between any one batteries monomer and battery pack or battery list
The bi-directional of energy between body and monomer.
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| CN201811577447.XA CN109672243A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method |
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| CN201811577447.XA CN109672243A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of dynamic lithium battery group energy balance circuit and control method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886666A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆大学 | Distributed active equalization method suitable for cascaded lithium battery pack |
| CN112986849A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Portable battery simulator based on isolated power supply |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112986849A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Portable battery simulator based on isolated power supply |
| CN112886666A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-01 | 重庆大学 | Distributed active equalization method suitable for cascaded lithium battery pack |
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Application publication date: 20190423 |