CN109672003B - Device and method suitable for disassembling multi-specification square lithium ion batteries - Google Patents

Device and method suitable for disassembling multi-specification square lithium ion batteries Download PDF

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CN109672003B
CN109672003B CN201811552046.9A CN201811552046A CN109672003B CN 109672003 B CN109672003 B CN 109672003B CN 201811552046 A CN201811552046 A CN 201811552046A CN 109672003 B CN109672003 B CN 109672003B
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distance adjusting
lithium ion
adjusting platform
platform
cylinder
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CN109672003A (en
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郭玉文
杨金堂
阮久莉
田万智
乔琦
杨建霞
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for disassembling a square lithium ion battery suitable for multiple specifications, wherein the device comprises: control system and pipelined system of disassembling: the automatic edge cutting machine comprises an intermittent feeding device (1), a first automatic edge cutting device (2), a station conversion device (3), a second automatic edge cutting device (4) and a separation coring device (5); the control system controls each component of the disassembling system to perform assembly line type operation: intermittent type formula loading attachment transports useless lithium ion battery to automatic side cut device No. one, accomplishes the side cut of battery symmetry both sides, and station conversion equipment will cut edge the battery rotatory 90 degrees and transport No. two automatic side cut devices, accomplishes the side cut of the other both sides of battery, and the separation coring device will go up watchcase and electric core separation and collection from top to bottom. The invention has high automation degree and strong adaptability, effectively solves the problems of discharge and safety in the process of disassembling the lithium ion battery by using a knife-cutting disassembling mode, and maximally realizes the separation of the battery core and the battery shell.

Description

Device and method suitable for disassembling multi-specification square lithium ion batteries
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery recycling, in particular to a device and a method for disassembling a plurality of specifications of square lithium ion batteries.
Background
With the development of economy and the progress of society, products such as mobile phones become necessities in life of people, the updating and upgrading speed of mobile phone products is accelerated, and the troubles of environmental pollution are brought while a large amount of waste is caused by a large amount of lithium ion batteries in a large amount of discarded mobile phone products.
At present, China has become the largest producing, consuming and exporting country of lithium ion batteries, meanwhile, the waste lithium ion batteries also show explosive growth, and the number of the waste lithium ion batteries is estimated to reach 250 hundred million by 2020, so that each battery production enterprise faces the current situations of huge environmental protection pressure, lithium ion battery raw material shortage and continuous rising price.
It was preliminarily estimated that a lithium cobaltate ion battery contains about 15% of metal cobalt, 14% of copper, 25% of iron, 4.7% of aluminum, and 0.1% of lithium. The metals belong to primary resources and have high recycling value. Particularly, the metal cobalt is rare and expensive, has no independent deposit, is mostly accompanied in copper and nickel ores, and has low grade. One hundred million rejected batteries per year are about 600 tons of recoverable cobalt, and the cobalt content in the waste lithium ion battery is higher than that in the cobalt concentrate. Therefore, the resource recovery of the waste lithium ion battery is realized, and the problem of shortage of metal resources in China can be effectively relieved.
In recent years, some enterprises begin to recycle waste lithium ion batteries, and a pretreatment process is very necessary in the whole recycling process of the waste lithium ion batteries, however, due to technical and economic reasons, most of the enterprises still adopt pretreatment methods such as crushing, screening, magnetic separation and manual disassembly at present, and the recycling mode of mixing and separating firstly increases the difficulty of later-stage resource separation, and further causes the problem of low recycling efficiency of precious metal resources in the lithium ion batteries. Therefore, research and development of automatic disassembly processes and intelligent disassembly mechanisms for lithium ion batteries of different models, including an automatic shell disassembly technology and an automatic piece disassembly technology, are urgent and challenging to achieve quick, safe and environment-friendly disassembly of waste lithium ion batteries with low cost, low pollution and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the type number of the existing square waste lithium ion battery is not uniform, the production process of the lithium ion battery is irreversible, the automation degree in the disassembly process is low, the adaptability is poor, the efficiency is low and the like, and provides a device and a disassembly method suitable for disassembling the square lithium ion battery with multiple specifications.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a device suitable for disassembling a plurality of specifications of square lithium ion batteries,
the method comprises the following steps: control system and pipelined's system of disassembling, the system of disassembling includes: the intermittent type feeding device, the first automatic edge cutting device, the station conversion device, the second automatic edge cutting device and the separation coring device are sequentially fixed on a frame built by square steel; the control system controls each component of the disassembling system to perform assembly line type operation: the intermittent type feeding device conveys the waste lithium ion battery to a first automatic edge cutting device at a certain frequency, the first automatic edge cutting device finishes edge cutting actions on two symmetrical sides of the waste lithium ion battery, the station switching device rotates the edge-cut waste lithium ion battery by 90 degrees and conveys the edge-cut waste lithium ion battery to a second automatic edge cutting device, the second automatic edge cutting device finishes edge cutting actions on the other two sides of the waste lithium ion battery, the waste lithium ion battery after twice edge cutting only comprises an upper meter shell, a battery cell and a lower meter shell, and finally the upper meter shell and the lower meter shell are separated from the battery cell by a separation coring device (5) and are respectively collected;
a automatic side cut device and No. two automatic side cut devices all include: the device comprises a feeding distance measuring device, a synchronous distance adjusting platform, a modular variable-pitch blank holder device, a pushing motion platform, a variable-pitch cutting device and a waste material converging device; the synchronous distance adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable mutual distance, and the distance changing cutting device is provided with two cutters which are respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modularized variable-pitch edge pressing device can be synchronously opened and closed along with the synchronous distance adjusting platform and is connected with the pushing moving platform, the waste lithium ion batteries are tightly pressed on the synchronous distance adjusting platform and move along with the pushing moving platform, and cutting at two ends of the waste lithium ion batteries is achieved along the way through the cutter.
The optimization scheme of the intermittent feeding device is as follows: the intermittent type formula loading attachment includes: a feeding conveyor belt and a feeding chute; the feeding conveying belt is provided with barrier strips which divide the feeding conveying belt into a plurality of independent square spaces for placing the waste lithium ion batteries; the feeding chute is connected with the tail end of the feeding conveyor belt and a feeding distance measuring device in the first automatic edge cutting device. The feeding conveyor belt is matched with the time for finishing one trimming procedure to carry out intermittent pushing. The feeding chute is a feeding distance measuring device which is connected with the tail end of the conveying belt and arranged in the first automatic edge cutting device, and plays a role in guiding the lithium ion battery.
Further to the optimization scheme of an automatic edge cutting device does:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: the device comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device used for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves, wherein the two U-shaped grooves are used as sub-platforms; the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is a first distance adjusting platform, the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is a second distance adjusting platform, the upper part of the tail end of the first distance adjusting platform is provided with a push-out cylinder, and the upper surface of the second distance adjusting platform is provided with an external platform at a position corresponding to the push-out cylinder; elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform;
pan feeding range unit: the device comprises a distance measuring cylinder on a first distance adjusting platform, a blocking cylinder on a second distance adjusting platform and barrier strips for limiting the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the first distance adjusting platform; the distance between the front end surface of the push plate carried by the blocking cylinder and the front end surface of the cutter is 5-10mm (adjusted by the blocking cylinder according to the length of the battery), and the front end surface of the push plate is used for controlling the depth of the edge cutting of the lithium ion battery;
modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks with flat keys, a solid press block and a pressing cylinder; the sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform through long flat keys respectively and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases; the hollow pressing blocks are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks, the two hollow pressing blocks are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block is connected with the pressing cylinder, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;
the propelling movement platform includes: the outer frame is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base, the top plate is used for fixing the compression cylinder, a set of linear slide block slide rail and a pushing hydraulic cylinder; the linear sliding block sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction of the linear sliding block sliding rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform, and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the side part of the outer frame through a pushing connector;
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two hard alloy cutters with inclined edges and polished cutting edges and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform;
the waste material confluence device comprises: the guide chute is matched with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and the waste collecting chute is matched with the lower end of the guide chute.
The optimization scheme of the station switching device is as follows: the station switching device comprises: the device comprises a vertical screw rod motor module, a horizontal square screw rod motor module and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal lead screw motor module is arranged at the front end of the vertical lead screw motor module and can move up and down along with the vertical lead screw motor module, and the two multi-axis manipulators are arranged at the front part of the horizontal lead screw motor module and can move along the horizontal direction; every multi-axis manipulator includes a revolving cylinder, a die clamping cylinder and a push pedal subassembly, the revolving cylinder lower extreme is connected the push pedal subassembly, revolving cylinder can drive the push pedal subassembly and make 90 degrees rotations, the shell of push pedal subassembly is lower extreme open-ended frame shape, the inside push pedal that is provided with in shell one side, and the push pedal is connected die clamping cylinder can press from both sides tight waste lithium ion battery through the propulsion of die clamping cylinder.
The further optimization scheme for the second automatic trimming device is as follows: each part of the second automatic trimming device specifically comprises:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: the device comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device used for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves, wherein the two U-shaped grooves are used as sub-platforms; the upper plane of the U-shaped groove on the inner side is a third distance adjusting platform, and the upper plane of the U-shaped groove on the outer side is a fourth distance adjusting platform; a push-out air cylinder is arranged at the tail of the fourth distance adjusting platform and used for pushing the battery to the separation coring device; elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform;
pan feeding range unit: the device comprises a distance measuring cylinder on a third distance adjusting platform, a blocking cylinder on a fourth distance adjusting platform and barrier strips for limiting the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the third distance adjusting platform;
modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks with flat keys, a solid press block and a pressing cylinder; the sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform through long flat keys respectively and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases; the hollow pressing blocks are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks, the two hollow pressing blocks are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block is connected with the pressing cylinder, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;
the propelling movement platform includes: the outer frame is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base, the top plate is used for fixing the compression cylinder, a set of linear slide block slide rail and a pushing hydraulic cylinder; the linear sliding block sliding rail is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction of the linear sliding block sliding rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform, and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the side part of the outer frame through a pushing connector;
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two hard alloy cutters with inclined edges and polished cutting edges and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform and the fourth distance adjusting platform;
the waste material confluence device comprises: the guide chute is matched with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and the waste collecting chute is matched with the lower end of the guide chute.
The optimization scheme of the separation coring device is as follows: the separation coring device comprises: the device comprises a screw rod motor module, a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder, a linear guide rail parallel moving type pneumatic finger, a finger connecting plate, an organ type vacuum sucker and a three-compartment separation collecting guide groove in the horizontal direction; the upper end of the pneumatic finger is connected with a finger connecting plate, the finger connecting plate comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which can be opened, an organ type vacuum chuck is respectively arranged on the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate is L-shaped and used for stopping the waste lithium ion battery which is pushed out in a limiting manner and completes two trimming actions; the lower end of the pneumatic finger is provided with a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder, and the pneumatic finger is connected to the screw rod motor module in the horizontal direction through a connecting part, so that the pneumatic finger can move in the horizontal direction and move between the second automatic trimming device and the three-compartment separation aggregate guide groove; the three-compartment separation collecting guide groove comprises three sliding grooves, the middle sliding groove is used for collecting the battery cell, and the two sliding grooves on the two sides are used for collecting the upper meter shell and the lower meter shell.
A method for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries is used, and the device for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries comprises the following steps:
1) sequentially placing a batch of square waste lithium ion batteries containing different sizes on an intermittent feeding device without early discharge treatment, and feeding by the intermittent feeding device in cooperation with a knife-cutting disassembling speed;
2) the method comprises the following steps that waste lithium ion batteries firstly slide down to a synchronous distance adjusting platform in an automatic edge cutting device, a feeding distance measuring device is used for pushing, positioning, distance measuring in the length direction and feeding back to a control system, the control system controls the synchronous distance adjusting platform to be opened and closed to a certain distance according to the length of the batteries and is matched with a modular variable-pitch edge pressing device to compress the waste lithium ion batteries, then a pushing motion platform drives the modular variable-pitch edge pressing device and the waste lithium ion batteries to complete cutting of two sides of the lithium ion batteries in the length direction through a variable-pitch cutting device adjusted along with the step distance adjusting platform, and cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste tank through a waste collecting device;
3) the waste lithium ion battery main body after the first trimming is finished is pushed out by a synchronous distance adjusting platform in the first automatic trimming device, and the waste lithium ion battery is horizontally turned by 90 degrees by the station switching device and transferred to the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the second automatic trimming device; meanwhile, the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the first automatic edge cutting device is closed to the initial position, after the station conversion of the waste lithium ion batteries is completed, the pushing motion platform of the first automatic edge cutting device is restored to the initial position, the intermittent feeding device of the first automatic edge cutting device continues feeding, and the first edge cutting action of the second lithium ion battery is started;
4) the actions of the first automatic edge cutting device are the same as those of the first automatic edge cutting device, the first waste lithium ion battery finishes the cutting of the other two sides through the second automatic edge cutting device, and the cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste trough through a waste collecting device of the second automatic edge cutting device;
5) first useless lithium ion battery has accomplished twice side cut action after, the synchronous roll adjustment platform of No. two automatic side cut devices is closed to initial position, then in propelling movement platform's maximum displacement department, releases useless lithium ion battery, meanwhile, separates coring device horizontal movement to carry out the decomposition and the collection of the electric core of battery and upper and lower watchcase with No. two automatic side cut devices.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device and the method for disassembling the square lithium ion batteries with various specifications have the following advantages:
1. the automation degree is high. The waste lithium ion batteries are cut and separated through the feeding device without manual participation.
2. And the adaptability is strong. The cylinder pushes waste lithium ion batteries with different specifications to be fed and clamped, the length or the width of the waste lithium ion batteries is measured, and a signal is fed back to the system, so that the system can conveniently adjust the distance between the platform and the cutter, and the waste lithium ion batteries with different specifications can be accurately trimmed.
3. And (5) modularization. Considering that the square lithium ion batteries have multiple specifications and large variation range, the sizes are classified into large, medium and small sizes, and meanwhile, the modular variable-pitch blank pressing device is designed according to the large, medium and small categories on the basis of the whole width of the pressing device, so that only the pressing modules in accordance with the intervals of the waste lithium ion batteries in different size ranges need to be replaced.
4. The pressing and supporting modes are more reliable. The lower surface of the cutter sinks 3mm relative to the upper surface of the platform, and the battery trimming part is always supported on the platform in the trimming process, so that the problem of flanging in the trimming process is prevented; the modularized variable-pitch edge pressing device adopts the modularized and separated design, tightly presses the edge cutting position of the lithium ion battery and moves along with the waste lithium ion battery, so that the deformation of the lithium ion battery in the edge cutting process can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the integrity of the appearance of the lithium ion battery after edge cutting is ensured.
5. The control unit is few, and the motion is synchronous and reliable. Aiming at the requirements of the modularized variable-pitch blank pressing device, a structure that the blank pressing device is driven to move by the cooperation of a flat key and a key groove and the movement of a platform is ensured, the synchronous movement of the modularized variable-pitch blank pressing device along with the lithium ion battery is ensured, the number of units to be controlled is reduced, and the movement is more synchronous and reliable.
6. Different from the traditional sawing which is low in efficiency and easy to generate sparks and the expensive water jet cutting, the cutting mode is higher in efficiency, lower in price, capable of rapidly completing destructive discharge operation of the lithium ion battery and high in safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
in the figure 1, 1-an intermittent feeding device, 2-a first automatic trimming device, 3-a station switching device, 4-a second automatic trimming device, 5-a separating and coring device and 6-a frame;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a batch type charging device;
in fig. 2, 7-feeding chute, 8-feeding conveyor belt, 9-waste lithium ion battery;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an automatic trimming device I;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a feeding distance measuring device;
in FIG. 4, 10-ranging cylinder, 11-blocking cylinder, 12-bar;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous pitch adjusting platform;
in FIG. 5, 13-bidirectional screw synchronous pitch adjustment device, 14-first pitch adjustment platform, 15-second pitch adjustment platform, 16-external platform, 17-push-out cylinder;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection of the components of the bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device;
in FIG. 6, 18-servo motor, 19-reducer, 20-base, 21-coupling, 22-bidirectional screw, 23-nut, 24-nut seat, 25-screw support seat, 26-screw fixing seat, 27-linear slide block, 28-linear guide rail;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a modular variable pitch binder assembly;
in FIG. 7, 29-sliding base, 30-vertical U-shaped block, 31-hollow pressing block, 32-pressing cylinder and 33-solid pressing block;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a push motion platform;
in FIG. 8, 34-linear slide rail, 35-pushing hydraulic cylinder, 36-pushing connector, 37-outer frame;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pitch-changing knife and scrap joining apparatus;
in FIG. 9, 38-guide chute, 39-cutter, 40-Z type compact block, 41-confluence chute;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the station changing apparatus;
in fig. 10, 42-vertical screw motor module, 43-horizontal screw motor module, 44-rotary cylinder, 45-clamping cylinder, 46-push plate assembly;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an automatic trimming device II;
in FIG. 11, the No. 47-third pitch adjustment platform and the No. 48-fourth pitch adjustment platform;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the split coring device configuration;
in FIG. 12, 49-horizontal lead screw motor module, 50-organ type vacuum chuck, 51-pneumatic finger connecting plate, 52-pneumatic finger, 53-pneumatic finger rotary cylinder;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a frame structure;
in FIG. 13, 54-the tripartite collection chute; 55-waste chute.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 12, a device for disassembling multi-specification square lithium ion batteries,
the method comprises the following steps: control system and pipelined's system of disassembling, the system of disassembling includes: the intermittent type feeding device 1, the first automatic trimming device 2, the station conversion device 3, the second automatic trimming device 4 and the separating and coring device 5 are sequentially fixed on a frame 6 built by square steel; the control system controls each component of the disassembling system to perform assembly line type operation: the intermittent type formula loading attachment 1 transports useless lithium ion battery to automatic side cut device 2 No. one, automatic side cut device 2 accomplishes the side cut action to useless lithium ion battery symmetry both sides, station conversion equipment 3 rotates 90 degrees and transports the useless lithium ion battery after the side cut and transports No. two automatic side cut device 4, No. two automatic side cut device 4 accomplishes the side cut action to useless lithium ion battery other both sides, the useless lithium ion battery after two side cuts only contains upper watchcase, electric core, lower watchcase, separate by last upper and lower watchcase and electric core with separation coring device 5, and collect respectively;
a automatic side cut device 2 and No. two automatic side cut devices 4 all include: the device comprises a feeding distance measuring device, a synchronous distance adjusting platform, a modular variable-pitch blank holder device, a pushing motion platform, a variable-pitch cutting device and a waste material converging device; the synchronous distance adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable mutual distance, and the distance changing cutting device is provided with two cutters which are respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modularized variable-pitch edge pressing device can be synchronously opened and closed along with the synchronous distance adjusting platform and is connected with the pushing moving platform, the waste lithium ion batteries are tightly pressed on the synchronous distance adjusting platform and move along with the pushing moving platform, and cutting at two ends of the waste lithium ion batteries is achieved along the way through the cutter.
The intermittent feeding device 1 includes:
a feeding conveyor belt 8 and a feeding chute 7; the feeding conveyor belt 8 is provided with barrier strips to divide the feeding conveyor belt into a plurality of independent square spaces for placing the waste lithium ion batteries 9; the feeding chute 7 is connected with the tail end of the feeding conveyor belt 8 and a feeding distance measuring device in the first automatic edge cutting device 2.
Each part of an automatic trimming device 2 specifically is:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: the two-way screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings and a two-way screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device 13 (the two-way screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device 13 consists of a servo motor 18, a speed reducer 19, a base 20, a coupler 21, a two-way screw rod 22, two sets of nuts 23 and nut seats 24, a screw rod supporting seat 25, a screw rod fixing seat 26, two sets of linear sliding blocks 27 and a linear guide rail 28, wherein the servo motor 18, the speed reducer 19, the base 20, the coupler 21 and the screw rod fixing seat 26 are sequentially connected to one end of the two-way screw rod 22, the other end of the two-way screw rod is connected with the screw rod supporting seat 25, two sets of nuts 23 and nut seats 24 connected with the nuts are respectively sleeved on two sections of threads in different directions of the two-way screw rod 22, the two sets of linear sliding blocks 27 and the linear guide rail 28 are symmetrically arranged on two sides by taking the screw rod as a boundary, and the, the bottom of the platform is connected with a nut seat 24 and linear sliding blocks 27 on two sides, a linear guide rail 28 is directly arranged on the rack, and the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15 complete the adjustment of the distance between the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform along with the movement of the two sets of nuts 23); the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is a first distance adjusting platform 14, the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is a second distance adjusting platform 15, the upper part of the tail end of the first distance adjusting platform 14 is provided with a push-out air cylinder 17, and the upper surface of the second distance adjusting platform 15 is provided with an external platform 16 at a position corresponding to the push-out air cylinder 17; elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15;
pan feeding range unit: the device comprises a distance measuring cylinder 10 on a first distance adjusting platform 14, a blocking cylinder 11 on a second distance adjusting platform 15 and barrier strips 12 which limit the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the first distance adjusting platform 14;
modularization displacement blank holder device: comprises two sets of sliding bases 29 with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks 30 with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks 31 with flat keys, a solid press block 33 and a pressing cylinder 32; the sliding base 29 is respectively matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15 through long flat keys and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks 30 are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases 29; the hollow pressing blocks 31 are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks 30, the two hollow pressing blocks 31 are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks 30, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks 31 can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block 33 is connected with the pressing cylinder 32, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks 31, so that one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks can be pressed;
the propelling movement platform includes: an outer frame 37 with a through groove and respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base 29, a top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder 32, a set of linear slide block slide rails 34 and a pushing hydraulic cylinder 35; the linear slide block slide rail 34 is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame 37, the sliding direction of the linear slide block slide rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15, and the pushing hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected with the side part of the outer frame 37 through a pushing connector 36;
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks 40, two hard alloy cutters 39 with inclined edges and polished cutting edges and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15 through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of the lower long grooves of the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15;
the waste material confluence device comprises: a material guide chute 38 which is matched with a cutter 39 to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and a waste material collecting chute 41 which is matched with the lower end of the material guide chute 38.
The work flow of the first automatic trimming device is as follows: conveying the waste lithium ion batteries to a first distance adjusting platform 14 in the first automatic edge cutting device 2, pushing by a distance measuring cylinder 10 until the front end face of a push plate of a blocking cylinder 11 pushed to a second distance adjusting platform 15 stops and is fastened, measuring the length direction of the waste lithium ion batteries at the same time, and feeding back the obtained length data of the batteries to a control system; after the control system obtains a data signal in the length direction of the battery provided by the feeding distance measuring device, the bidirectional screw synchronous distance adjusting device 13 drives the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15 to synchronously open under the driving of the motor, the blocking cylinder 11 is fixed, and the distance measuring cylinder 10 pushes out the distance for synchronous adjustment until the distance between the two ends of the waste ion battery and the front end face of the cutter 39 reaches a specified distance (until the distance between the two ends of the battery and the front end faces of the cutters arranged on the first and second synchronous distance adjusting platforms is 5-10 mm); the two sets of sliding bases 29 respectively move synchronously along with the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15, meanwhile, the two hollow press blocks 31 are driven to slide and open on the solid press block 33 (the distance between the outer side surface of the press block and the outer side surface of the cutter is 1mm, so that the press block is prevented from being cut and damaged by the cutter due to installation errors, the control reliability and the movement accuracy are ensured), after the adjustment is completed, the pressing air cylinder 32 moves, and the solid press block 33 is pushed to drive the two hollow press blocks 31 to press the two ends of the waste lithium ion battery (so that the phenomenon that the subsequent processes are influenced by the deformation of the lithium ion battery due to the extrusion of the cutter in the edge; pushing the waste lithium ion battery by the pushing hydraulic cylinder 35 until the waste lithium ion battery reaches the maximum stroke, cutting two ends of the waste lithium ion battery along the path by the cutter 39, and collecting the waste materials on two cut sides into a waste material groove in a unified mode by the waste material collecting device for collection; the pushing cylinder 17 pushes the trimmed waste lithium ion battery to the external platform 16 so as to facilitate the next work of the station conversion device 3.
The station switching device 3 includes:
a vertical lead screw motor module 42, a horizontal lead screw motor module 43 and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal lead screw motor module 43 is arranged at the front end of the vertical lead screw motor module 42 and can move up and down along with the vertical lead screw motor module, and the two multi-axis manipulators are arranged at the front part of the horizontal lead screw motor module 43 and can move along the horizontal direction; every multi-axis manipulator includes a revolving cylinder 44, a die clamping cylinder 45 and a push pedal subassembly 46, revolving cylinder 44 lower extreme is connected push pedal subassembly 46, revolving cylinder 44 can drive push pedal subassembly 46 and make 90 degrees rotations, push pedal subassembly 46's shell is lower extreme open-ended frame shape, and shell one side is inside to be provided with the push pedal, and the push pedal is connected die clamping cylinder 45, can press from both sides tight waste lithium ion battery through the propulsion of die clamping cylinder 45 cylinder.
The working process is as follows: when the waste lithium ion battery is pushed out by the first automatic edge cutting device 2 and then pushed to the external platform 16, the multi-axis manipulator at the initial position of the horizontal lead screw motor module 43 moves downwards to the maximum stroke through the vertical lead screw motor module 42, the clamping cylinder 45 clamps the waste lithium ion battery through the push plate assembly 46, the horizontal lead screw motor module 43 moves horizontally to the maximum stroke, in the process, the vertical lead screw motor module 42 ascends and descends firstly, meanwhile, the rotating cylinder 44 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the clamping cylinder 45 returns to the initial position, the waste lithium ion battery after the first edge cutting is completed rotates 90 degrees and then is placed in the feeding distance measuring device of the second automatic edge cutting device 4.
No. two automatic side cut devices 4:
the automatic edge cutting device 2 has the same working principle and basically the same components and connection relation, only the stations are different, and the components of the automatic edge cutting device 4 are specifically as follows:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: the automatic trimming device comprises two U-shaped grooves serving as sub-platforms and opposite openings, and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device (the bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device in the same automatic trimming device in structure) for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the inner side is a third distance adjusting platform 47, and the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the outer side is a fourth distance adjusting platform 48; a push-out air cylinder is arranged at the tail part of the fourth distance adjusting platform 48 and used for pushing the battery to the separation coring device 5; elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48;
pan feeding range unit: the device consists of a distance measuring cylinder on a third distance adjusting platform 47, a blocking cylinder on a fourth distance adjusting platform 48 and barrier strips for limiting the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the third distance adjusting platform 47; considering that the battery core in the width direction is closer to the shell, the distance from the front end surface of the push plate carried by the blocking cylinder to the front end surface of the cutter is 2-5mm, and the blocking cylinder is used for adjusting according to the length of the battery and controlling the depth of the edge cutting of the lithium ion battery.
Modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks with flat keys, a solid press block and a pressing cylinder; the sliding base is respectively matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48 through long flat keys and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases; the hollow pressing blocks are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks, the two hollow pressing blocks are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block is connected with the pressing cylinder, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;
the propelling movement platform includes: the outer frame is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base, the top plate is used for fixing the compression cylinder, a set of linear slide block slide rail and a pushing hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide block slide rail is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction of the linear slide block slide rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48, and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the side part of the outer frame through a pushing connector;
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two hard alloy cutters with inclined edges and polished cutting edges and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48 through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48;
the waste material confluence device comprises: the guide chute is matched with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and the waste collecting chute is matched with the lower end of the guide chute.
The separation coring device 5 includes:
a screw rod motor module 49 in the horizontal direction, a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53, a linear guide rail parallel moving type pneumatic finger 52, a pneumatic finger connecting plate 51, an organ type vacuum suction cup 50 and a three-compartment separation collecting guide groove; the upper end of the pneumatic finger 52 is connected with a pneumatic finger connecting plate 51, the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which can be opened, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are respectively provided with an organ type vacuum sucker 50, and the lower connecting plate is L-shaped and used for blocking the waste lithium ion battery which is pushed out in a limiting manner and completes two trimming actions; the lower end of the pneumatic finger 52 is provided with a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53, and the pneumatic finger 52 is connected to the horizontal screw rod motor module 49 through a connecting part, so that the pneumatic finger can move along the horizontal direction and move between the second automatic trimming device 4 and the three-compartment separation material collecting guide groove 54; the three-compartment separation and collection guide groove 54 comprises three sliding grooves, the whole width of the three-compartment separation and collection guide groove is consistent with the opening limit width of the pneumatic finger, the sliding groove in the middle is widest and is used for collecting the battery cell, and the two sliding grooves on the two sides are slightly narrower and are used for collecting the upper meter shell and the lower meter shell. The working process comprises the following steps: after the waste lithium ion batteries finish two trimming actions, the lithium ion batteries are pushed out, meanwhile, the linear guide rail parallel moving type pneumatic finger 52 horizontally moves to the second automatic trimming device 4 (basically contacts with the third synchronous distance adjusting platform), and at the maximum opening position, the front end of the lithium ion battery keeps relatively static under the blocking of the L-shaped lower connecting plate, the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 is closed to clamp the lithium ion battery, after the organ type vacuum chucks 50 arranged on the upper and lower connecting plates firmly adsorb the upper and lower watchcases, the pneumatic finger 52 returns to the horizontal initial position and corresponds to the center line of the three-compartment separation material collection guide groove, meanwhile, the pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53 rotates 90 degrees anticlockwise, the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 opens, and the battery core falls into the middle chute; finally, the organ type vacuum chuck 50 loosens the adsorption on the upper and lower watchcases, the upper and lower watchcases fall into the chutes on the two sides for collection, and then the pneumatic finger 52 is restored to the initial position to prepare for the next disassembly of the waste lithium ion battery.
The sizes of the solid pressing block and the hollow pressing block in the technical scheme are designed in a large, medium and small modularized mode after the different sizes of the lithium ion battery are classified in a large, medium and small mode. For different modules, when the platform is opened, namely the hollow pressing block moves to the limit position, the width of the contact surface of the solid pressing block and each hollow pressing block is larger than half of the width of the hollow pressing block, and the pressing reliability is guaranteed.
The compressing mode in the technical scheme is that on the basis of carrying out tests such as whole-course compressing by using the fixed long pressing strips respectively fixed on the two platforms, the compressing device is analyzed to be synchronously opened and closed with the platforms and move together with the pushing device, otherwise, the lithium ion battery can generate huge bending deformation at the tail end of the cut completion. Therefore, the pressing mode in the technical scheme is that two sets of hollow pressing blocks are adopted to respectively press two sides of the lithium ion battery, and the long flat keys on the base are matched with the sliding grooves on the platform to realize synchronous opening and closing and relative sliding, so that the lithium ion battery is ensured to be in a pressing state all the time and has no obvious bending deformation in the edge cutting process.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: different from the traditional sawing which is low in efficiency and easy to generate sparks and the expensive water jet cutting, the cutting mode is higher in efficiency, lower in price, capable of rapidly completing destructive discharge operation of the lithium ion battery and high in safety. The cutter is arranged with the bevel opening downwards, which provides a downward component force for the cut battery and ensures that the lithium ion battery can not turn upwards when cutting.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: after the waste lithium ion batteries are subjected to primary edge cutting in the first automatic edge cutting device, the waste lithium ion batteries are pushed out to an external platform at the other end of the second distance adjusting platform by a push-out air cylinder corresponding to the other end of the first distance adjusting platform and the moving platform, meanwhile, the motor drives the bidirectional screw rod to move, and the first distance adjusting platform and the second distance adjusting platform are closed to the initial position. When the station conversion device conveys the waste lithium ion batteries subjected to the first-time edge cutting to the second automatic edge cutting device, platforms in the first automatic edge cutting device and the second automatic edge cutting device are required to be in initial closing positions.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the lithium ion battery who has accomplished the action of cutting edge for the first time is accomplishing the action back of cutting edge for the second time, has realized the cutting of lithium ion battery four sides, remaining lithium ion battery only contains the upper meter shell, electric core may damage, lower meter shell three part to after No. three roll adjustment platforms and No. four roll adjustment platforms are closed to initial position, in the separation coring device is released to the cylinder of pushing out of opposite side on No. four roll adjustment platforms, by the separation coring device to electric core and upper and lower shell separation, gather.
Example 2
A method for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries uses the device for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
1) a batch of square waste lithium ion batteries 9 with different sizes and specifications are directly and respectively placed in a single space of a feeding conveyor belt 8 with barrier strips shown in figure 2 according to a certain direction without being subjected to early-stage discharge treatment, and an intermittent feeding control system is matched with the cutter disassembling speed to feed;
2) waste lithium ion batteries firstly slide down to a first distance adjusting platform 14 in a first automatic edge cutting device 2 through a feeding chute 7, a distance measuring cylinder 10, a blocking cylinder 11 and a limiting barrier strip 12 in a feeding distance measuring device shown in figure 4 are used for pushing, positioning, measuring the distance in the length direction and feeding back to a control system, the system controls a bidirectional lead screw synchronous distance adjusting device 13 according to the length of the batteries to drive the first distance adjusting platform 14 and a second distance adjusting platform 15 to be opened and closed to a certain distance, simultaneously respectively drives a sliding base 29, a vertical U-shaped block 30 with a chute, a hollow pressing block 31 with a flat key, a cutter 39 and a Z-shaped pressing block 40 which are mutually matched with the first distance adjusting platform 14 and the second distance adjusting platform 15 through a long flat key to synchronously move, and finally drives a solid pressing block 33 to downwards move to a compacted lithium ion battery through a compacting cylinder 32 in a modular variable-pitch edge pressing device shown in figure 6, then, a pushing hydraulic cylinder 35 in the pushing motion platform shown in fig. 7 moves an outer frame 37 provided with the modular variable-pitch blank holder device shown in fig. 6 to a maximum stroke position along a linear slider slide rail 34 through a pushing connector 36, during which, two ends of the lithium ion battery are cut at two sides of the lithium ion battery in the length direction by a variable-pitch cutting device shown in fig. 8, and the cut parts at two sides are finally collected into a waste material groove 55 by a material guide groove 38 and a confluence groove 41 in the waste material confluence device shown in fig. 8;
3) after the first trimming is completed, the lithium ion battery main body is pushed out to the external platform 16 at the other end of the second synchronous trimming platform by the push-out air cylinder 17 corresponding to the moving platform at the other end of the first trimming platform, and is clamped by a simple manipulator consisting of a rotary air cylinder 44, a clamping air cylinder 45, a push plate assembly 46 and other structures in the station conversion device shown in fig. 9, and is horizontally turned over for 90 degrees in the process of moving the horizontal lead screw motor module 43 from the initial position to the maximum stroke position, and during the period, the vertical lead screw motor module 42 drives the lithium ion battery to cross the obstacle and successfully transfer to the third trimming platform 47 at the feeding side of the second automatic trimming device shown in fig. 10, and meanwhile, the synchronous trimming platform shown in fig. 5 is closed to the initial position; after the station conversion of the lithium ion battery is completed, the pushing motion platform in fig. 7 is restored to the initial position, and meanwhile, the intermittent feeding device in fig. 1 continues feeding, and the first trimming action of a second lithium ion battery is started;
4) the action of the first automatic edge cutting device 2 is the same, the first lithium ion battery finishes the cutting of the other two sides through the second automatic edge cutting device 4, and the cut parts of the two sides are finally collected into a waste material groove 55 through a material guide groove and a confluence groove in the second automatic edge cutting device 4;
5) after the first waste lithium ion battery finishes two trimming actions, the third distance adjusting platform 47 and the fourth distance adjusting platform 48 are closed to initial positions, then the lithium ion battery is pushed out at the maximum displacement position of the pushing motion platform, meanwhile, the pneumatic finger 52 of the separating and coring device shown in figure 11 horizontally moves to be basically contacted with the third distance adjusting platform 47 through the horizontal lead screw motor module 49, the pneumatic finger 52 is at the maximum opening position, the front end of the battery is kept relatively static under the blocking of the L-shaped lower connecting plate in the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51, then the pneumatic finger is closed to clamp the lithium ion battery, after the aggregate type vacuum suction cup 50 arranged on the pneumatic finger connecting plate firmly adsorbs the upper and lower watchcases, the pneumatic finger 52 is restored to the horizontal initial position to be corresponding to the central line of the three-compartment separating guide groove 54, and simultaneously the pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53 rotates 90 degrees anticlockwise, the pneumatic fingers are opened, and the battery cell falls into the middle battery cell collecting chute; and finally, the organ type vacuum chuck loosens the adsorption on the upper and lower watchcases, the upper and lower watchcases fall into watchcase collecting chutes at two sides for collection, and then the upper and lower watchcases are recovered to the initial position for preparing the next waste lithium ion battery to be disassembled, so that the disassembly and recovery actions of one lithium ion battery are completely finished.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a device that many specifications of adaptation square lithium ion battery disassembled which characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: control system and pipelined's system of disassembling, the system of disassembling includes: the intermittent type feeding device (1), the first automatic trimming device (2), the station conversion device (3), the second automatic trimming device (4) and the separating and coring device (5) are sequentially fixed on the rack (6); the control system controls each component of the disassembling system to perform assembly line type operation: the intermittent type formula loading attachment (1) transports waste lithium ion battery to automatic side cut device (2) No. one, automatic side cut device (2) accomplish the side cut action to waste lithium ion battery symmetry both sides, station conversion equipment (3) will cut the edge waste lithium ion battery and rotate 90 degrees and transport No. two automatic side cut device (4), No. two automatic side cut device (4) accomplish the side cut action to waste lithium ion battery other both sides, waste lithium ion battery after two side cuts only contains upper watchcase, electric core, lower watchcase, separate upper and lower watchcase and electric core by separation coring device (5) at last, and collect respectively;
a automatic side cut device (2) and No. two automatic side cut devices (4) all include: the device comprises a feeding distance measuring device, a synchronous distance adjusting platform, a modular variable-pitch blank holder device, a pushing motion platform, a variable-pitch cutting device and a waste material converging device; the synchronous distance adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable mutual distance, and the distance changing cutting device is provided with two cutters which are respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modularized variable-pitch edge pressing device can be synchronously opened and closed along with the synchronous distance adjusting platform and is connected with the pushing moving platform, the waste lithium ion batteries are tightly pressed on the synchronous distance adjusting platform and move along with the pushing moving platform, and cutting at two ends of the waste lithium ion batteries is achieved along the way through the cutter.
2. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the intermittent feeding device (1) comprises: a feeding conveyor belt (8) and a feeding chute (7); the feeding conveyor belt (8) is provided with barrier strips which divide the feeding conveyor belt into a plurality of independent square spaces for placing the waste lithium ion batteries (9); the feeding chute (7) is connected with the tail end of the feeding conveyor belt (8) and a feeding distance measuring device in the first automatic edge cutting device (2).
3. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:
each part of an automatic edge cutting device (2) specifically is:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device (13) for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is a first distance adjusting platform (14), the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is a second distance adjusting platform (15), the upper part of the tail end of the first distance adjusting platform (14) is provided with a push-out cylinder (17), and the upper surface of the second distance adjusting platform (15) is provided with an external platform (16) at a position corresponding to the push-out cylinder (17); elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped slots are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15);
pan feeding range unit: the device is composed of a distance measuring cylinder (10) on a first distance adjusting platform (14), a blocking cylinder (11) on a second distance adjusting platform (15) and barrier strips (12) which limit the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the first distance adjusting platform (14);
modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases (29) with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30) with grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks (31) with flat keys, a solid press block (33) and a pressing cylinder (32); the sliding base (29) is respectively matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15) through long flat keys and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30) are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases (29); the hollow pressing blocks (31) are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks (30), the two hollow pressing blocks (31) are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30), the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15), and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks (31) can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block (33) is connected with the pressing cylinder (32), and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks (31) and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;
the propelling movement platform includes: an outer frame (37) which is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base (29), a top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder (32), a set of linear slide block slide rail (34) and a pushing hydraulic cylinder (35); the linear sliding block sliding rail (34) is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame (37), the sliding direction of the linear sliding block sliding rail is the same as the direction of long grooves at the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15), and the pushing hydraulic cylinder (35) is connected with the side part of the outer frame (37) through a pushing connector (36);
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks (40), two cutters (39) and a fixing screw; two cutters are respectively arranged on the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15) through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15);
the waste material confluence device comprises: a guide chute (38) which is matched with the cutter (39) and is used for collecting trimming waste materials, and a waste material collecting chute (41) which is matched with the lower end of the guide chute (38).
4. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the station switching device (3) comprises: the device comprises a vertical screw rod motor module (42), a horizontal screw rod motor module (43) and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal lead screw motor module (43) is arranged at the front end of the vertical lead screw motor module (42) and can move up and down along with the vertical lead screw motor module, and the two multi-axis manipulators are arranged at the front part of the horizontal lead screw motor module (43) and can move along the horizontal direction; every multi-axis manipulator includes a revolving cylinder (44), a die clamping cylinder (45) and a push pedal subassembly (46), revolving cylinder (44) lower extreme is connected push pedal subassembly (46), revolving cylinder (44) can drive push pedal subassembly (46) and do 90 degrees rotations, the shell of push pedal subassembly (46) is lower extreme open-ended frame shape, the inside push pedal that is provided with in shell one side, and the push pedal is connected die clamping cylinder (45), can press from both sides tight lithium ion battery through the propulsion of die clamping cylinder (45) cylinder.
5. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:
each part of the second automatic trimming device (4) is specifically as follows:
synchronous roll adjustment platform: the device comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device used for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves, wherein the two U-shaped grooves are used as sub-platforms; the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the inner side is a third distance adjusting platform (47), and the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the outer side is a fourth distance adjusting platform (48); a push-out cylinder is arranged at the tail part of the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) and used for pushing the battery to the separation coring device (5); elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48);
pan feeding range unit: the device is composed of a distance measuring cylinder on a third distance adjusting platform (47), a blocking cylinder on a fourth distance adjusting platform (48) and barrier strips for limiting the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the third distance adjusting platform (47);
modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks with flat keys, a solid press block and a pressing cylinder; the sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) through long flat keys respectively and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases; the hollow pressing blocks are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks, the two hollow pressing blocks are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48), and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block is connected with the pressing cylinder, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;
the propelling movement platform includes: the outer frame is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base, the top plate is used for fixing the compression cylinder, a set of linear slide block slide rail and a pushing hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide block slide rail is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction of the linear slide block slide rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48), and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the side part of the outer frame through a pushing connector;
the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two cutters and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of the lower long grooves of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48);
the waste material confluence device comprises: a guide chute matched with the cutter to collect the waste cut by the cutter and a waste collecting chute matched with the lower end of the guide chute.
6. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:
the separating and coring device (5) comprises: a screw rod motor module (49) in the horizontal direction, a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder (53), a linear guide rail parallel moving type pneumatic finger (52), a finger connecting plate (51), an organ type vacuum suction cup (50) and a three-compartment separation material collection guide groove (54); the upper end of a pneumatic finger (52) is connected with a pneumatic finger connecting plate (51), the pneumatic finger connecting plate (51) comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which can be opened, an organ type vacuum chuck (50) is respectively arranged on the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate is L-shaped and used for blocking the waste lithium ion battery which is pushed out in a limiting manner and completes two trimming actions; the lower end of the pneumatic finger (52) is provided with a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder (53), and the pneumatic finger (52) is connected to a screw rod motor module (49) in the horizontal direction through a connecting part, so that the pneumatic finger can move in the horizontal direction and move between the second automatic trimming device (4) and the three-compartment separation material collecting guide groove (54); the three-compartment separation collecting guide groove comprises three sliding grooves, the middle sliding groove is used for collecting the battery cell, and the two sliding grooves on the two sides are used for collecting the upper meter shell and the lower meter shell.
7. A method for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries, which uses the device for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries of claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a) sequentially placing a batch of square waste lithium ion batteries containing different sizes on an intermittent feeding device (1) without early discharge treatment, and feeding by the intermittent feeding device (1) in cooperation with a knife-cutting disassembling speed;
b) the method comprises the following steps that waste lithium ion batteries firstly slide down to a synchronous distance adjusting platform in an automatic edge cutting device (2), a feeding distance measuring device is used for pushing, positioning and distance measuring in the length direction and feeding back to a control system, the control system controls the synchronous distance adjusting platform to be opened and closed to a certain distance according to the length of the batteries and is matched with a modular variable-pitch edge pressing device to tightly press the waste lithium ion batteries, then a pushing motion platform drives the modular variable-pitch edge pressing device and the waste lithium ion batteries to complete cutting of two sides of the lithium ion batteries in the length direction through a variable-pitch cutting device adjusted along with the step distance adjusting platform, and cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste tank through a waste collecting device;
c) the waste lithium ion battery main body after the first trimming is finished is pushed out by a synchronous distance adjusting platform in the first automatic trimming device (2), and the waste lithium ion battery is horizontally turned over by 90 degrees by the station switching device (3) and transferred to the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the second automatic trimming device (4); meanwhile, the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) is closed to the initial position, after the station conversion of the waste lithium ion batteries is completed, the pushing motion platform of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) is restored to the initial position, the intermittent feeding device of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) continues feeding, and the first edge cutting action of the second lithium ion battery is started;
d) the actions of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) are the same, the first waste lithium ion battery finishes the cutting of the other two sides through the second automatic edge cutting device (4), and the cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste trough through a waste collecting device of the second automatic edge cutting device (4);
e) after first piece waste lithium ion battery has accomplished twice side cut action, the synchronous roll adjustment platform of No. two automatic side cut devices (4) is closed to initial position, then in propelling movement platform's maximum displacement department, releases waste lithium ion battery, and meanwhile, separation coring device (5) horizontal motion carries out the decomposition and the collection of the electric core of battery and upper and lower watchcase to No. two automatic side cut devices (4).
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