CN109623201B - Nickel-based brazing filler metal for nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-based brazing filler metal for nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109623201B CN109623201B CN201910049842.9A CN201910049842A CN109623201B CN 109623201 B CN109623201 B CN 109623201B CN 201910049842 A CN201910049842 A CN 201910049842A CN 109623201 B CN109623201 B CN 109623201B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention relates to a nickel-based brazing filler metal for nickel-based superalloy brazing and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nickel-based superalloy brazing. The nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5 to 3.5 percent of B, 1.5 to 4.5 percent of Si and the balance of Ni. The nickel-based brazing filler metal prepared by the method has good wettability and fluidity to nickel-based high-temperature alloy, high strength of brazed joints, high-temperature oxidation corrosion resistance and great application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nickel-based brazing filler metal for nickel-based superalloy brazing and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nickel-based superalloy brazing.
Background
The nickel-based high-temperature alloy has excellent high-temperature strength, good oxidation corrosion resistance and processability and long fatigue life, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry, nuclear industry and the like. In the practical application of the nickel-based superalloy, welding work is often involved, and all nickel-based superalloy parts need to be welded into an integral structure through complex workpieces such as an aircraft engine brake, a honeycomb sealing ring and the like. The brazing can obtain the joint with compact structure, no air holes and small deformation, realizes the safe and reliable connection of all parts, and has the advantages of processing complex workpieces and mass production, so the brazing becomes an effective method for welding the nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
The brazing filler metal used for welding the nickel-based high-temperature alloy mainly comprises copper-based brazing filler metal, silver-based brazing filler metal, gold-based brazing filler metal and nickel-based brazing filler metal. Because the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the copper-based solder is poor, and the cost of the silver-based solder and the gold-based solder is high, the nickel-based solder with low cost and high-temperature oxidation corrosion resistance becomes the most common solder for brazing the nickel-based high-temperature alloy. The nickel-based brazing filler metal generally contains elements such as B, Si, and P. The elements reduce the melting point of the brazing filler metal, improve the performances such as wettability, fluidity and the like, and simultaneously generate a large amount of brittle compounds at joints, thereby seriously damaging the comprehensive performance of the joints. In addition, with the development of the rapid cooling technology, the nickel-based amorphous foil strip is prepared and applied to nickel-based superalloy welding. Compared with the traditional powder and paste brazing filler metal, the foil brazing filler metal has the advantages of more uniform components, better wettability and fluidity and higher diffusion efficiency.
The document "B.Binesh, A.J.Gharehbad. transition liquid phase bonding of IN738LC/MBF-15/IN738 LC. journal of Materials Science & Technology,2016,32: 1137. 1151" brazing of IN738LC nickel-based alloys with Ni-Cr-Fe-Si-B solders shows that brittle borides are generated IN the diffusion zone, continuous silicides are formed IN the center of the weld, and the tensile strength of the joint is severely reduced.
Document "D.Liu, Y.Song, et al.vacuum brazing of GH99 superalloyed using graphene reinformed BNi-2composite filler. journal of Materials Science & Technology,2018,34: 1843-.
In order to further improve the comprehensive quality of the brazing nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the components of the nickel-based brazing filler metal are required to be optimized to reduce the generation of brittle compounds, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal is prepared into a foil strip, so that a safer and more reliable brazing joint is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The nickel-based brazing filler metal has the advantages that the nickel-based brazing filler metal is good in formability, less in brazing joint brittle compounds, high in strength and suitable for brazing of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the problems are solved.
The invention provides a nickel-based brazing filler metal for brazing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
B 2.5-3.5％
Si 1.5-4.5％
the balance of Ni.
The nickel-based brazing filler metal is preferably prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is preferably prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
B 3.40％
Si 4.41％
the balance of Ni.
The nickel-based brazing filler metal is preferably prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is preferably prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is preferably prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the nickel-based brazing filler metal, which comprises the steps of firstly mixing and smelting Ni, Cr, B and Si according to the preset mass percentage, and then preparing the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
The thickness of the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is 45-55 mu m.
According to the invention, a brazing filler metal component with good amorphous formability is designed around a cluster + connecting atom model so as to be convenient for preparing a brazing filler metal foil strip, and meanwhile, the content of B, Si in the brazing filler metal is adjusted to reduce the generation of brittle compounds, so that the strength of a brazed joint is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the nickel-based brazing filler metal prepared by the method has good wettability and fluidity to nickel-based high-temperature alloy, high strength of brazed joints, high-temperature oxidation corrosion resistance and great application prospect.
Drawings
In the figure 2 of the attached drawings of the invention,
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a nickel-base superalloy braze joint prepared in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a nickel-based superalloy braze joint prepared in example 3.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples are presented to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The preparation method of the nickel-based brazing filler metal in the following embodiment comprises the following steps:
designing nickel-based brazing filler metal components: based on a 24 electronic criterion of cluster plus connecting atom model and amorphous component design, selecting a Ni83B17 eutectic point with the lowest B content in a Ni-B binary phase diagram to obtain a cluster formula 1([ B-Ni9] B2Ni) and a cluster formula 2([ Ni-Ni12] B2Ni + [ B-Ni9] B2Ni), and partially replacing Ni and B atoms in the cluster formula by Cr and Si atoms so as to improve the comprehensive performances of the solder, such as formability, oxidation resistance and the like, finally obtaining [ B-Ni9] BSiNi (example 1) and [ B-Ni9] BSiCr (example 2) according to the cluster formula 1, and obtaining [ Cr-Ni12] B2Cr + [ B-Ni8Cr1] BSiCr (example 3) and [ Cr-Ni12] B2Cr + [ B-Ni9] BSiCr (example 4) according to the cluster formula 2.
Smelting an alloy ingot: mixing the raw materials (the purity is more than 99.9%) according to the predetermined mass percentage, smelting by using an electric arc smelting furnace, and obtaining an alloy ingot with uniform components after 4 times of smelting.
Preparing a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip: cutting the alloy ingot obtained by smelting into pieces, putting the alloy ingot into a flat quartz tube, assembling the quartz tube into a copper roller rapid solidification device with an induction heating coil, carrying out induction heating on the alloy ingot in the quartz tube, continuously spraying molten liquid on the surface of a copper roller rotating at a high speed (the linear velocity is 40m/s) under the action of spraying pressure after the alloy ingot is molten, and rapidly cooling to obtain a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil tape (the thickness is 50 mu m) with uniform texture.
Example 1
A preparation method of a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip comprises the following steps: according to the formula 1 in the table 1, the raw materials are mixed and smelted, and then the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is prepared through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
Test experiments:
processing a sample, cutting a nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the sample with sand paper, and ultrasonically cleaning the sample with acetone for 15 min;
sample assembly the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil tape prepared in example 1 was cut into small pieces and assembled with a sample to be welded in the form of a sample/brazing filler metal/sample;
in the brazing experiment, the assembled sample is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace to be vacuumized, and when the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 5 multiplied by 10- 3Heating is started when Pa, the temperature is firstly increased to 900 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 10min, then the temperature is increased to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 20min, and finally the temperature is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
The method of the embodiment 1 can be adopted to obtain the safe and reliable nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing joint, and the room-temperature shear strength of the brazing joint is 814 MPa.
Example 2
A preparation method of a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip comprises the following steps: according to the formula 2 in the table 1, the raw materials are mixed and smelted, and then the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is prepared through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
Test experiments:
processing a sample, cutting a nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the sample with sand paper, and ultrasonically cleaning the sample with acetone for 15 min;
sample assembly the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil tape prepared in example 2 was cut into small pieces and assembled with a sample to be welded in the form of sample/brazing filler metal/sample;
in the brazing experiment, the assembled sample is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace to be vacuumized, and when the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 5 multiplied by 10- 3Heating at Pa, adding at 20 deg.C/minHeating to 900 deg.C, maintaining for 10min, heating to 1180 deg.C at 10 deg.C/min, maintaining for 20min, and cooling to room temperature.
The method of the embodiment 2 can be adopted to obtain the safe and reliable nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing joint, and the room-temperature shear strength of the brazing joint is 590 MPa.
Example 3
A preparation method of a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip comprises the following steps: according to a formula 3 in the table 1, the raw materials are mixed and smelted, and then the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is prepared through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
Test experiments:
processing a sample, cutting a nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the sample with sand paper, and ultrasonically cleaning the sample with acetone for 15 min;
sample assembly the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil tape prepared in example 3 was cut into small pieces and assembled with a sample to be welded in the form of sample/brazing filler metal/sample;
in the brazing experiment, the assembled sample is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace to be vacuumized, and when the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 5 multiplied by 10- 3Heating is started when Pa, the temperature is firstly increased to 900 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 10min, then the temperature is increased to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 20min, and finally the temperature is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
The method of the embodiment 3 can be adopted to obtain the safe and reliable nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing joint, and the room-temperature shear strength of the brazing joint is 820 MPa.
Example 4
A preparation method of a nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip comprises the following steps: according to the formula 4 in the table 1, the raw materials are mixed and smelted, and then the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is prepared through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
Test experiments:
processing a sample, cutting a nickel-based high-temperature alloy (GH4169) into a required size, polishing the to-be-welded surface of the sample with sand paper, and ultrasonically cleaning the sample with acetone for 15 min;
sample assembly the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil tape prepared in example 4 was cut into small pieces and assembled with a sample to be welded in the form of sample/brazing filler metal/sample;
in the brazing experiment, the assembled sample is placed in a vacuum brazing furnace to be vacuumized, and when the vacuum degree in the furnace reaches 5 multiplied by 10- 3Heating is started when Pa, the temperature is firstly increased to 900 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 10min, then the temperature is increased to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 20min, and finally the temperature is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
The method of the embodiment 4 can be adopted to obtain the safe and reliable nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing joint, and the room-temperature shear strength of the brazing joint is 814 MPa.
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1
The GH4169 alloy is vacuum brazed by gold-based brazing filler metal 82.5Au-17.5Ni, and the maximum shear strength of the alloy is 320 MPa.
Comparative example 2
The method is characterized by comprising the steps of ' Song Xiao, Cao Jian, Feng Ji, and the like ', the influence of the connection temperature on the interface structure and the performance of the GH4169 alloy TLP joint ', the Chinese nonferrous metals academic report 2012,22, 2516-.
Claims (4)
1. The nickel-based brazing filler metal for the nickel-based superalloy brazing is characterized in that: the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the nickel-based brazing filler metal for the nickel-based superalloy brazing is characterized in that: the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
3. a method for producing the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing and smelting Ni, Cr, B and Si according to the preset mass percentage, and then preparing the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip through a copper roller rapid solidification process.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the nickel-based brazing filler metal foil strip is 45-55 mu m.
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| CN110315239B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-02-15 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | Nickel alloy slurry and ultrathin strip-shaped nickel-based brazing filler metal prepared from same |
| CN110369820B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-04-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for brazing Hastelloy N alloy by adopting Ni-Cr-W-B-Si-Fe brazing filler metal |
| CN112388143A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for welding nickel-based single crystal superalloy TLP (thermal shock welding) of mixed powder interlayer |
| CN114473293A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-13 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Solder for welding high-temperature alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114952076B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-10-27 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Nickel-based brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115555761A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-03 | 安徽工程大学 | Preparation method and brazing method of rare earth Nd-doped multi-element nickel-based amorphous brazing filler metal |
| CN115846935A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Rare earth Y-doped nickel-based brazing filler metal, preparation method and brazing method thereof |
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| CN107363432A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of composite soldering and method for welding for being used to connect nickel base superalloy |
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