CN109618739A - Contain biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for machinery transplanting - Google Patents
Contain biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for machinery transplanting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618739A CN109618739A CN201811529727.3A CN201811529727A CN109618739A CN 109618739 A CN109618739 A CN 109618739A CN 201811529727 A CN201811529727 A CN 201811529727A CN 109618739 A CN109618739 A CN 109618739A
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- Prior art keywords
- micro
- nursing plate
- fertilizer
- seedlings nursing
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Links
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003413 degradative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 alcohol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical group O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920008262 Thermoplastic starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004628 starch-based polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001896 polybutyrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000300264 Spinacia oleracea Species 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OXIKLRTYAYRAOE-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-3-(1-benzyl-3-pyridin-3-ylpyrazol-4-yl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical group N1=C(C=2C=NC=CC=2)C(/C=C/C(=O)O)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 OXIKLRTYAYRAOE-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017647 Brassica oleracea var italica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001674939 Caulanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;octadecanamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Contain biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for machinery transplanting the present invention provides a kind of.The biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer that contains includes following component by weight: full 50-80 parts of biology base degradative resin, biological 10-40 parts and 0.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent of based filler.The micro- fertilizer for containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer and in parts by weight further including 0.5-6 parts.It is described it is micro- fertilizer include one of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, several elements of nickel or more than one.The preparation method for containing micro- biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of fertilizer is the following steps are included: mixed raw material, extruding pelletization, prepare sheet material, molding seedlings nursing plate.The present invention passes through addition variety classes microelement (micro- fertilizer) and is prepared into biodegradable seedlings nursing plate into degradable material, can reach micro- fertile application effect, and micro- fertilizer is made to apply accurate, uniform, slow release, and micro- fertilizer application is avoided excessively to be poisoned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation fields, contain micro- fertilizer biology suitable for machinery transplanting more particularly, to a kind of
Degradation seedlings nursing plate and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Culturing and transplanting seedlings be in agricultural production through frequently with planting patterns, compared with live streaming, life of the culturing and transplanting seedlings crop
Long period is allocated as after concentrating nursery before transplanting and transplanting two stages of grown in field, can extend the breeding time of crop, therefore can
It is very universal in the production of rice, vegetables and some other industrial crops to realize volume increase, increase income.
Nursery can also use container for plant growth nursery, but need to pass through by mechanical transplanting directly in upper nursery of ploughing
The consistent seedlings nursing plate of specification (or other regular containers nursery volume for example made of paper etc.) cultivates the seedling of group's shape, with convenient mechanical work
Industry, therefore seedlings nursing plate is the necessary carrying agent of mechanical transplanting.
For traditional seedlings nursing plate due to material non-degradable, must take out from container crop seedling after the completion of nursery will be young
Seedling is planted into soil, container recycling or is discarded, i.e., must be divided into seedlings transplanting in such a way that seed plate separates, current all kinds of culturing and transplanting seedlings
Machinery is also based on this kind of seedlings nursing plate exploitation, since this kind of transplanting machine will carry out under the premise of machine on seedling group shape
Disk seedling separates and takes out from seedlings nursing plate alms bowl cave seedling, therefore complicated in mechanical structure, and precision is high, removes rice transplanter in China
Outside, domestic transplanter is semi-automatic transplanter, and Automatic Transplanter is still in development phase, does not there is the full-automatic of maturation so far
Transplanter product is introduced to the market,.
On the other hand, there are 17 kinds of essential nutrients in process of crop growth, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, chlorine, magnesium, sulphur
It is bigger Deng first procatarxis crop demand, it is referred to as a great number of elements.A great number of elements demand is big, and all soil cannot expire without external supplement
The plant growth of foot length phase needs, therefore agricultural producer supplements soil a great number of elements in a manner of imposing fertilizer, and the technology is
Through popularizing, the above element is generally comprised in general chemical fertilizer.Different from a great number of elements, microelement is that crop demand is less and not
The element that can lack.Since the richness of different types of Trace Elements in Soil lacks situation difference, Different Crop to different micro members
Element sensibility it is also different, in common chemical fertilizer usually and be added without microelement.China agricultural producer payes attention to for a long time
Macroelement fertilizer, and ignore the application of trace-element fertilizer, crop constantly lacks in soil from absorption microelement in soil
Few external supplement, causes China's arable soil general lack of microelement.According to estimation, in China's arable soil, microelement
In critical value ratio below: boron 84%, molybdenum 59%, manganese 48%, zinc 42%, iron 31%, copper 25%.
The health status of microelement and crop is closely related, crop vivo environment can be made to keep flat using microelement
Weighing apparatus increases cell metabolism effect and intracellular synthesis function, prevents cellular machinery from doing sth. in advance aging, improves immune function, mitigates
The generation of pest and disease damage, to make crop yield.On the other hand, microelement cannot be excessively used again, not only to crop when excessive
Murder by poisoning is generated, even jeopardizes human and livestock health when serious.
It is different from a great number of elements that all kinds of crops generally need, Different Crop is different to the sensibility of different microelements,
Micro- fertilizer application effect has notable difference, such as: corn, rice, soybean, tomato etc. need zinc more；Pulse family and crop in cruciferae
Need molybdenum more；Legume, Chinese cabbage, radish, sunflower, rape etc. are more to boron demand；Potato, soybean, sweet potato, ocean
Green onion, spinach etc. need manganese more；Wheat, barley, corn, spinach, onion etc. are sensitive to copper fertilizer；Pulse family and ground family crop need nickel
Ask the most obvious；Perennial fruit tree needs iron more.It needs to reasonably select when therefore planting different crops and applies micro- fertilizer, if
Micro- fertilizer that certain plant growth needs are had no lack of in soil, then can choose and do not add micro- fertilizer, this is also that common chemical fertilizer is unsuitable
The reason of microelement is added.
Microelement is adjustable to be made micro- fertilizer and uses in agricultural production.The application of micro- fertilizer and how to be absorbed by plants be one
Problem usually can only once apply tens grams to several kilograms since the amount of application of micro- fertilizer is less, be administered alone and be difficult to
It is even.It is micro- fertilizer usually there are three kinds of inorganic states, organic and complex state forms, the micro- fertilizer product of inorganic states to be manured into soil on a small quantity after easily by
Soil fixing, crop assimilation effect is poor, but excessive fertilization easily causes soil part again that nutritive element content is excessively high, causes
Contaminated soil and water body, and reduce crop quality；Organic and the micro- fertile cost of complex state are substantially more expensive, and limit micro- fertilizer
It promotes and uses.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of containing suitable for machinery transplanting
Micro- biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of fertilizer and preparation method thereof.On the one hand due to using biodegradation material, prepared seedlings nursing plate can be with
Soil is implanted into together with seedling, there is no need to machinery to carry out disk seedling separation, it is only necessary to cut disk body to be divided into seedlings, machine is divided into seedlings mode
Simply；On the other hand, the biology drop containing micro- fertilizer is prepared into degradable material by adding variety classes microelement (micro- fertilizer)
Seedlings nursing plate is solved, in the degradation process of seedlings nursing plate, micro- fertilizer slow release, to reach preferable micro- fertile application effect, micro- fertilizer is applied
It is poisoned with more accurate with micro- fertile apply excessively uniformly, is avoided.
To achieve the goals above, in a first aspect, containing micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting the present invention provides a kind of
Biodegradable seedlings nursing plate, by weight, including following component: full 50-80 parts of biology base degradative resin, biological based filler 10-40
Part and 0.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
It further, in parts by weight, further include the micro- fertilizer for being not more than 6 parts.
Further, micro- fertilizer includes one of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum and nickel element compound or combination.
Further, the full biology base degradative resin is polylactic acid (PLA), polyadipate/terephthalic acid (TPA) butanediol
Ester (PBAT), poly butylene succinate (PBS), poly butylene succinate-tetramethylene adipate (PBSA), poly- methyl second
Support one of carbonic ester (PPC), polyglycolic acid (PGA) or combination.
Further, the auxiliary agent is one of plasticity, compatilizer, lubricant or combination.
Further, the biological based filler is cornstarch, thermoplastic starch, wood powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, plant fibre
One of dimension or combination.
Further, in parts by weight, further include inorganic filler no more than 15 parts, the inorganic filler be talcum powder,
One of wollastonite, calcium carbonate, mica powder, kaolin, montmorillonite, glass fibre, quartz fibre, alumina silicate fibre or group
It closes.
Further, the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate is for being at least rice, corn, cotton, oil crops, vegetables and fruits, cigarette
The nursery of one of leaf, beet, medicinal material and flowers crop is simultaneously used in mechanical seedling separation transplanting plantation after incubation, the crop
Growing-seedling period is 15-60 days.
Further, after the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate completes nursery, seedlings nursing plate is implanted into soil together with seedling.
To achieve the goals above, in second aspect, contain micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting the present invention provides a kind of
The preparation method of biodegradable seedlings nursing plate is used to prepare the containing suitable for mechanical transplanting described according to a first aspect of the present invention
Micro- biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of fertilizer, comprising the following steps: (1) mixed raw material: weigh full biology base degradative resin, biology base in proportion
Filler and auxiliary agent, are mixed using high mixer, and high mixer revolving speed is 500-1200r/min, and incorporation time is 10-25 minutes, are obtained
To mixed raw material；(2) extruding pelletization: extruding pelletization is carried out to mixed raw material described in step (1) using double screw extruder, is obtained
To pellet, 125-185 DEG C of twin-screw temperature setting, the revolving speed of twin-screw is 100-300r/min；(3) dry: step (2) institute
The pellet stated is dried in vacuum drier, obtains water content < 50ppm dried granules, the parameter of vacuum drier: temperature
80-105 DEG C of degree, vacuum degree are less than 100Pa, drying time 4-8 hour；(4) sheet material is prepared: dried granules described in step (3)
It squeezes out to obtain sheet material through single screw rod or twin-screw sheet extruder, wherein the temperature range of screw rod is set as 145~185 DEG C,
Screw speed is 100~300r/min；(5) form seedlings nursing plate: sheet material described in step (4) uses positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine
Molding, obtains can containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer, and the heating temperature of positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine is 80-140 DEG C, when molding
Between be 3-5s/ mould.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, seedlings nursing plate of the invention does not need to separate with the crop seedling transplanted, but directly cuts seedlings nursing plate by alms bowl,
It cuts the single bowl opened to be planted together with the seedling cultivated in alms bowl into soil, keeps mechanical seedling separation more simple, shifting can be simplified
The structure of cultivation machine reduces transplanting cost.
2, the feature that the present invention can be different to micro- fertile demand according to the difference of the micro- fertile content of different regions soil and crop,
Selection is added without or is added the microelement of variety classes and content in degradation seedlings nursing plate, to meet the growth of Different Crop
Demand.
3, the micro- fertilizer being added is contained in seedlings nursing plate, and the slow release with seedlings nursing plate degradation plays slow release effect, no
The phenomenon that being completely dissolved and be cured by the soil quickly after applying fertilizer is appeared in, it is micro that crop offer can be continuously in a long time
Element.
4, micro- fertilizer is added in the raw material of seedlings nursing plate by setting ratio, and passes through the shear-mixed even action of screw rod point
It is distributed in seedlings nursing plate, avoids micro- fertilizer application is uneven, part is excessive from causing to poison to crop.
5, after micro- fertilizer is added to degradation seedlings nursing plate, seedlings nursing plate slitting and is transplanted to soil together with crop seedling,
Seedlings nursing plate relic containing micro- fertilizer during crop growth is distributed near crop root, Tree Precise Fertilization, improves the utilization of micro- fertilizer
Rate greatly reduces micro- fertile amount of application and the excessive pollution formed to soil and water body of micro- fertilizer.
6, micro- fertilizer application is completed at the same time with nursery when selection addition, avoids and micro- increased cost of fertilizer is administered alone.
7, due to precisely applied micro- fertilizer in crop cycle, crop can be made obviously to increase production.
By the way that the detailed description of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, other feature of the invention and its advantage will below
It becomes apparent.
Specific embodiment
To keep the above objects, features, and advantages of invention more obvious and easy to understand, below to specific implementation of the invention
Mode is described in detail.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with
It is different from other way described herein using other and implements, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Introduce first according to a first aspect of the present invention be suitable for mechanical transplanting contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer.
According to a first aspect of the present invention be suitable for mechanical transplanting contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer, by weight,
Including following component: full 50-80 parts of biology base degradative resin, biological 10-40 parts and 0.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent of based filler.
The biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer that contains for being suitable for mechanical transplanting of the invention is able to achieve the plant of the tep reel after nursery,
Manually seedling separation thus more conducively full-automatic transplantation are not needed.Existing full-automatic transplantation machinery is main with semi-automatic transplanter tool
Difference is to be divided into seedlings operation difference.In the nursery stage, all transplanting machines are all using seedlings nursing plate nursery, and usual seedlings nursing plate is alms bowl
Cave formula structure, crop seedling are cultivated in the single bowl that seedlings nursing plate separates, every young plant occupy independent alms bowl make seedling separation when
Do not damage root system, while tens are transplanted on transplanter in the same seedlings nursing plate to several hundred a alms bowls convenient for group's shape, rule,
It therefore is a kind of independent group's shape seedling.Semi-automatic transplanter, which relies on, manually will be fed into plant after the seedling taking-up in each alms bowl cave
Device completes transplanting, Automatic Transplanter then rely on mechanical device seedling to be fed into plant feed unit complete after taking out in seedlings nursing plate alms bowl
At transplanting.The maximum difficult point of Automatic Transplanter is to take out seedling from seedlings nursing plate alms bowl cave under the premise of not injuring crop seedling,
I.e. disk seedling separates, and biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of the invention can be degradable in a natural environment, does not need a seedling from nursery
Disk alms bowl takes out in cave, can with machinery single alms bowl cave from seedlings nursing plate cutting open after, plant bowl together with seedling into soil,
Thus increase the device of cutting bowl on existing semi-automatic transplanter, so that it may realize full-automatic transplantation.
Seedlings nursing plate of the invention or a kind of micro- fertile method of administration that micro- fertilizer can be added in biodegradable seedlings nursing plate.Root
It may further include not greater than 6 parts in parts by weight according to the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer that contains for being suitable for mechanical transplanting of the invention
Micro- fertilizer.In containing micro- biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, micro- fertilizer include iron,
One of zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum and nickel element compound or combination.
Precisely applying micro- fertilizer is a problem on crop-planting: first is that how to accomplish uniformly to apply micro- fertilizer, micro- lucrative post is weary
It is unfavorable for plant growth with excessive, generally per acre only with tens grams to several kilograms, how micro- fertilizer of negligible amounts is uniformly applied
With and be absorbed by crops, local excess and deficiency do not caused to be a problems；Second is that how to solve the fertilizer efficiency and price of micro- fertilizer
Between contradiction: the microelement of free state is easy to be cured by the soil, although therefore inorganic states micro- fertile price it is lower, be difficult
It is continuously available to crop, the longer but price of micro- fat effect of organic and complex state is high, and planting cost is caused to rise.
The present invention in biodegradable seedlings nursing plate production process by crop growth needed for it is one or more solid
Inorganic, organic or form complexed trace element compound (micro- fertilizer) is mixed with biology base degradable material, passes through spiral shell in process
The mixing of bar is uniformly distributed in micro- fertilizer in degradable material, and seedlings nursing plate micro- fertilizer during seedling and transplanting is made to be stored in disk body
In.Micro- fertilizer slow release with the degradation of biodegradable seedlings nursing plate, is slowly supplied to crop suction in the time of infertility of crop
It receives, can not only meet crop to the needs of microelement, but also can avoid the excessive murder by poisoning in micro- fertilizer part and pollution；In addition, no longer needing
Micro- fertilizer is administered alone, so as to reduce planting cost.
The method for culturing seedlings for containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting are as follows: 1) selected or preparation and nursery
The biodegradable seedlings nursing plate that period and agrotype are adapted；2) manually or with sowing assembly line in the suitable battalion of seedlings nursing plate middle berth
Support soil or matrix；3) upper one at most seed is broadcast by the every alms bowl of crop-planting requirement；4) one layer of thin soil (Nutrition Soil, matrix) is covered；
Move on to seedling rearing room nursery；5) it is bred as Miao Houlian dribbling seedling and is transplanted on transplanter；6) side that transplanter passes through cutting seedlings nursing plate disk body
Formula realizes transplanting by alms bowl seedling separation.
The invention has the following advantages that
First the seedlings nursing plate be that crops nursery and mechanical transplanting are dedicated, may be implemented " machine in group's nursery, group,
High speed seedling separation, tep reel bury, high speed transplanting, disk fertilizer one " seedlings nursing plate.Group's nursery-passes through the seedlings nursing plate in unified specification
In by certain grain weight sowing realize；It is real as the carrier between connection seedling to pass through biodegradable seedlings nursing plate for machine-in group
It is existing；High speed seedling separation-can be realized by cutting (such as convolution cutting) biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of high speed；Tep reel buries-foundation
Degradable material can in the soil harmless decomposition characteristic realize；Disk fertilizer one-is by adding micro member in degradation seedlings nursing plate
Fertilizer is simultaneously implemented around as seedlings nursing plate bowl (or relic) is transplanted to soil implantation crop root.
Secondly, micro- fertilizer needed for the crop nursery is added to life to biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of the invention during the preparation process
Object is degraded in nursery disk material, therefore seedlings nursing plate has following three effects, first be nursery during container as nursery, guarantor
Card crops seedling can develop in disk in-group；Second is the carrier of mechanical work, i.e., whole disk seedling is placed in by disk body and is moved
Machinery is planted, transplanting machine realizes seedling separation to realize mechanical transplanting by cutting seedlings nursing plate disk body；Third is a kind of precisely quantitative
The micro- fertilizer of application carrier, the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate containing micro- fertilizer can be used as a kind of micro- fertilizer method of application when crop-planting,
Micro- fertilizer is mixed into degradation seedlings nursing plate process is applied in micro- fertilizer in seedling raising process through seedlings nursing plate completion fertilising, and
The effect of the micro- fertilizer of sustainable supply is played in one longer period.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, the full biology base drop
Solution resin be polylactic acid (PLA), polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester (PBAT), poly butylene succinate (PBS),
Poly butylene succinate-tetramethylene adipate (PBSA), lined polymethyl ethylene carbonate (PPC), in polyglycolic acid (PGA)
It is one or more kinds of.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, the biology based filler
For one of cornstarch, thermoplastic starch, wood powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, plant fiber or more than one.The plant is fine
Dimension be one of cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, bamboo fibre, wood pulp cellulose or more than one.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, the auxiliary agent may include
One of plasticity, compatilizer, lubricant or combination.The plasticizer be at least glycerol, ethylene glycol, sorbierite, propylene glycol,
One kind or combination of butanediol；The compatilizer is at least one of MAH grafting PLA, GMA grafting PLA, MDI or combination；Institute
It states lubricant and is at least calcium stearate, stearic acid, polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, ethylene bis stearic acid amide and list firmly
One of glycerol (monoglyceride) or combination.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, in parts by weight, also
May include the inorganic filler no more than 15 parts, the inorganic filler be talcum powder, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, mica powder, kaolin,
One of montmorillonite, glass fibre, quartz fibre, alumina silicate fibre or combination.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, the biodegrade is educated
Seed plate for rice, corn, cotton, oil crops, vegetables and fruits, tobacco leaf, beet, medicinal material, flowers and other crops nursery and be used in educate
At rear mechanical seedling separation transplant planting.
In containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting according to the present invention, the biodegrade is educated
Seed plate is usually processed into unified dimensions, and seedlings nursing plate requires to be separated into alms bowl in varying numbers according to the transplanting of Different Crop
(or cave) cultivates group's shape seedling, transplant planting after being divided into single cave seedling with machinery after 15-60 days growing-seedling periods, transplanting
Micro- fertilizer can be implanted into soil and the slow release near crop root with seedling with the bowl or relic of degradation seedlings nursing plate afterwards.
Secondly, introduce according to a second aspect of the present invention be suitable for mechanical transplanting contain micro- fertilizer biodegradable seedlings nursing plate
Preparation method.
The preparation method for containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer for being suitable for mechanical transplanting according to a second aspect of the present invention
Be used to prepare according to a first aspect of the present invention it is described be suitable for mechanical transplanting contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer comprising
Following steps: mixed raw material, extruding pelletization prepare sheet material, molding seedlings nursing plate.
Implement in the preparation method one according to the present invention that contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer for being suitable for mechanical transplanting
In example, each step can are as follows: (1) mixed raw material: weighing full biology base degradative resin, biological based filler and auxiliary agent in proportion, adopts
It is mixed with high mixer, high mixer revolving speed is 500-1200r/min, and incorporation time is 10-25 minutes, obtains mixed raw material；(2) it squeezes
It is granulated out: extruding pelletization being carried out to mixed raw material described in step (1) using twin-screw, obtains pellet, twin-screw temperature setting
125-185 DEG C, the revolving speed of twin-screw is 100-300r/min；(3) dry: pellet described in step (2) is in vacuum drier
Be dried, obtain dried granules, the parameter of vacuum drier: 80-105 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree is less than 100Pa, drying time
4-8 hours, water content < 50ppm；(4) prepare sheet material: dried granules described in step (3) are through single screw rod or twin-screw sheet material
Extruder squeezes out to obtain sheet material, and wherein extruder temperature controls 145~185 DEG C, and screw speed is 100~300r/min；(5) it forms
Seedlings nursing plate: sheet material described in step (4) is formed using positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine, is obtained containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer,
Positive pressure or the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine are 80-140 DEG C, and molding time is 3-5s/ mould.
In another reality of preparation method according to the present invention that contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer for being suitable for mechanical transplanting
Apply in example, each step can are as follows: (1) mixed raw material: weigh in proportion full biology base degradative resin, biological based filler, auxiliary agent and
Micro- fertilizer, is mixed using high mixer, and high mixer revolving speed is 500-1200r/min, and incorporation time is 10-25 minutes, and it is former to obtain mixing
Material, wherein micro- fertilizer in mixed raw material can be one of inorganic states, organic and complex state or combination；(2) extruding pelletization:
Extruding pelletization is carried out to mixed raw material described in step (1) using twin-screw, obtains pellet, twin-screw temperature setting 125-185
DEG C, the revolving speed of twin-screw is 100-300r/min；(3) dry: pellet described in step (2) is done in vacuum drier
Dry, obtain dried granules, the parameter of vacuum drier: 80-105 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree is less than 100Pa, and drying time, 4-8 was small
When, water content < 50ppm；(4) prepare sheet material: dried granules described in step (3) are through single screw rod or twin-screw sheet extruder
Extrusion obtains sheet material, and wherein extruder temperature controls 145~185 DEG C, and screw speed is 100~300r/min；(5) nursery is formed
Disk: sheet material described in step (4) is formed using positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine, is obtained containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer, positive pressure
Or the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine is 80-140 DEG C, molding time is 3-5s/ mould.In another embodiment, step (1)
Are as follows: full biology base degradative resin, biological based filler, auxiliary agent, micro- fertilizer and inorganic filler are weighed in proportion, it is mixed using high mixer
It closes, high mixer revolving speed is 500-1200r/min, and incorporation time is 10-25 minutes, obtains mixed raw material.Wherein, micro- fertile, inorganic
Filler can be selected as needed.
Of the invention suitable for the preparation process of the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate for containing micro- fertilizer of machinery transplanting, it is dry with
Moisture control is particularly significant, and on the one hand lower water content is conducive to the stability of degradation seedlings nursing plate processing, prior to be to drop
Solve the stability of seedlings nursing plate finished product.Since degradable seedlings nursing plate has certain time interval between production and use, and degrade
Material can also degrade within this time and be used for performance and have an impact, and water content is the main of influence degradation
Factor, therefore we are by the moisture control requirement of measurement process, and degrade and set to full biology base in conjunction with processing technology
The water content of rouge proposes specific requirement, so that the use for finished product in machinery transplanting proposes safety assurance.
The biodegradable seedlings nursing plate according to the present invention that contain micro- fertilizer for being suitable for mechanical transplanting on rice planting technology,
It also has the advantage that
(1) since the substrate of seedling-cultivation plate is biodegradation material, seedling disk can be planted after soil together with rice shoot in soil
Middle decomposition, seedling-cultivation plate replace rice shoot root system become seedling block at blanket carrier, rice shoot root system number do not influence transplanting operation.
(2) traditional seedling-cultivation plate just will become scattered seedling using alms bowl bowl formula structure, cannot use existing rice transplanting transplanting, using this
The seedling-cultivation plate of invention, can change that cut root seedling taking be that cutting disc takes alms bowl, band alms bowl to bury, and alms bowl bowl structure is still the seedling blanket of fastening, can be with
With existing rice transplanting transplanting, under alms bowl bowl structure rice transplanter can be protected by alms bowl seedling taking, bowl the rice seedling root system in alms bowl not by
Rice transplanter injury, shortens the time of " slow seedling ", and quick restoration ecosystem after rice mechanical transplanting increases rice in effective development in crop field
Time.
(3) due to transplanting by degradation seedling-cultivation plate rather than rice shoot root system at blanket, when application rate is lower also normally at
Blanket.Rice shoot can be made to continue to obtain more nutrition, illumination and developmenting space under low application rate, so as to shift to an earlier date seedling,
Cultivate can machine rice transplantation above the average age for marriage strong seedling.
(4) shorten " seedling-slowing stage " and above the average age for marriage strong seedling is cultivated in seedling in advance, rice can be shortened in the development time in crop field, water
Rice can be mature in advance, vacates crops for rotation in advance for next batch of crop.
(5) in the rice belt that temperature is low, frost-free period is short such as northeast, or the rice belt because planting one batch or more crop every year is such as
East China can only select that breeding time is short, yield is lower or the product of inferior quality to guarantee that rice is mature, avoiding later period low temperature risk
Kind, seedling-cultivation plate through the invention shifts to an earlier date seedling, breeding time is longer, yield or the higher rice varieties of quality can also be mature, drop
Low later period low temperature risk expands areal rice varieties choice.
(6) since low application rate does not influence transplanting, the product that hybrid rice, super hybridization rice etc. need sowing quantity less are solved
The problem of kind is difficult to transplanting.
(7) rice seedling root quantity is no longer necessary condition of the seedling block at machine on blanket and group, can be smaller at the length of time rice seedlings grow
Machine transplanting of rice when root system deficiency can also strengthen seedling machine transplanting of rice at the high length of time rice seedlings grow with cultivating large seedling, increase " seedling age elasticity " of the suitable machine transplanting of rice, subtract
Few influence of the climate change to transplanting.
Hereinafter, in conjunction with specific embodiments to it is of the invention be suitable for mechanical transplanting contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer and
Preparation method illustrates.
Embodiment 1
40 parts of polylactic acid, 20 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 20 parts of cornstarch, 10 parts of bamboo powder, talcum
5 parts of powder, MAH is grafted 2 parts of PLA, 2 parts of glycerol, 1 part of stearic acid, 5 parts of boric acid.800r/min in high mixer is added in above-mentioned raw materials
Mixing is uniformly mixed it, then through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, by the particle made in temperature 80
DEG C, vacuum degree less than dry 6 hours in the vacuum drier of 100pa, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then obtain through single screw rod extrusion device
To sheet material, wherein extruder temperature controls 165 DEG C, and obtained sheet thickness is 0.4mm.Sheet material is formed using positive and negative pressing machine,
The heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine is 120 DEG C, molding time 3s, finally carries out cutting edge, the final finished product biology of punching
Degradation seedlings nursing plate.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is used for the rape nursery of boron deficient soil, and growing-seedling period is 25-30 days.
Embodiment 2
32 parts of polylactic acid, 30 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 25 parts of cornstarch, 6 parts of wood powder, 0.3
Part, GMA is grafted 2 parts of PLA, 2 parts of glycerol, 0.5 part of polyethylene wax, 5 parts of zinc oxide.800r/ in high mixer is added in above-mentioned raw materials
Min, which is mixed, is uniformly mixed it, then through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, by the particle made in temperature
80 DEG C, vacuum degree less than dry 6 hours in the vacuum drier of 100pa, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then squeeze out through single screw rod unit
Sheet material is obtained, it is 0.35mm that extruder temperature, which controls the sheet thickness obtained to 165 DEG C,.Sheet material is formed using positive and negative pressing machine,
The heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine is 120 DEG C, molding time 3s, finally carries out cutting edge, the final finished product biology of punching
Degradation seedlings nursing plate.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is used for northeast paddy rice in cold region area seedling cultivation of rice, growing-seedling period 25-30
It.
Embodiment 3
30 parts of polylactic acid, 25 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 35 parts of cornstarch, 5 parts of bamboo powder, talcum
5 parts of powder, 4 parts of glycerol, 0.6 part of amine molybdate.Above-mentioned raw materials, which are added 800r/min in high mixer and are mixed, mixes it
It is even, through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, the particle made is less than 100pa's in 80 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree
It is 6 hours dry in vacuum drier, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then squeeze out to obtain sheet material, extruder temperature control through twin-screw set
At 160 DEG C, obtained sheet thickness is 0.4mm.Sheet material is formed using positive and negative pressing machine, the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine
It is 120 DEG C, molding time 4s, finally carries out cutting edge, the final finished product biodegrade seedlings nursing plate of punching.
For refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained for nursery such as soybean, peanuts, growing-seedling period is 20-25 days.
Embodiment 4
30 parts of polylactic acid, 25 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 30 parts of cornstarch, 0.4 part of compatilizer,
5 parts of talcum powder, 5 parts of bamboo powder, 2 parts of sorbierite, 1 part of calcium stearate, 5 parts of anhydrous cupric sulfate.Above-mentioned raw materials are added in high mixer
800r/min, which is mixed, is uniformly mixed it, through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, the particle that will have been made
It is 6 hours dry in the vacuum drier of 80 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree less than 100pa, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then through dual-screw-stem machine
Group, which squeezes out, obtains sheet material, and it is 0.5mm that extruder temperature, which controls the sheet thickness obtained at 160 DEG C,.Sheet material utilizes positive and negative pressing machine
Molding, the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine are 120 DEG C, molding time 4s, finally carry out cutting edge, the final finished product of punching
Biodegradable seedlings nursing plate.
For refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained for copper sensitive crop nursery such as corns, growing-seedling period is 20-25 days.
Embodiment 5
32 parts of polylactic acid, 30 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 25 parts of cornstarch, 7 powder of wood pulp cellulose,
5 parts of talcum powder, 0.3 part of MDI, 1 part of polyethylene wax, 5 parts of boric acid, 0.5 part of amine molybdate.Above-mentioned raw materials are added in high mixer
800r/min, which is mixed, is uniformly mixed it, through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, the particle that will have been made
It is 6 hours dry in the vacuum drier of 80 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree less than 100pa, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then through single-screw machine
Group, which squeezes out, obtains sheet material, and it is 0.35mm that extruder temperature, which controls the sheet thickness obtained at 165 DEG C,.Sheet material utilizes positive and negative molded
Machine molding, the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine are 120 DEG C, molding time 4s, finally carry out cutting edge, punching is finally made into
Product biodegrade seedlings nursing plate.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is used for Chinese cabbage nursery, and growing-seedling period is 20-30 days.
Embodiment 6
35 parts of polylactic acid, 25 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 30 parts of cornstarch, 5 parts of wood pulp cellulose,
5 parts of talcum powder, MHA is grafted 2 parts of PLA, and 2 parts of sorbierite, anhydrous slufuric acid is 3 parts ferrous.Above-mentioned raw materials are added in high mixer
800r/min, which is mixed, is uniformly mixed it, then through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, the particle that will have been made
It is 6 hours dry in the vacuum drier of 80 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree less than 100pa, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then through dual-screw-stem machine
Group, which squeezes out, obtains sheet material, and it is 0.4mm that extruder temperature, which controls the sheet thickness obtained at 160 DEG C,.Sheet material utilizes positive and negative pressing machine
Molding, the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine are 120 DEG C, molding time 4s, finally carry out cutting edge, the final finished product of punching
Biodegradable seedlings nursing plate.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is used for tomato seedling, and growing-seedling period is 25-30 days.
Embodiment 7
25 parts of polylactic acid, 35 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 25 parts of cornstarch, 8 parts of talcum powder, wood
5 powder of powder, MHA are grafted 2 parts of PLA, 0.5 part of stearic acid, 4 parts of manganese sulfate.800r/min in high mixer is added in above-mentioned raw materials to mix
Be uniformly mixed it, through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, by the particle made in 80 DEG C of temperature, very
Reciprocal of duty cycle is 6 hours dry in the vacuum drier less than 100pa, makes its moisture content < 50ppm, then squeeze out to obtain piece through single screw rod unit
Material, it is 0.4mm that extruder temperature, which controls the sheet thickness obtained at 165 DEG C,.Sheet material is formed using positive and negative pressing machine, positive/negative-pressure
The heating temperature of molding machine is 120 DEG C, molding time 4s, finally carries out cutting edge, the final finished product biodegrade of punching is educated
Seed plate.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is used for spinach nursery, and growing-seedling period is 20-25 days.
Embodiment 8
25 parts of polylactic acid, 35 parts of polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester, 25 parts of cornstarch, 8 parts of talcum powder, wood
5 powder of powder, GMA are grafted 2 parts of PLA.Above-mentioned raw materials, which are added 800r/min in high mixer and are mixed 10 minutes, is uniformly mixed it,
Through 165 DEG C of twin-screw, 200r/min extruding pelletization, the particle made is done in the vacuum of 80 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree less than 100pa
It is 6 hours dry in dry machine, make its moisture content < 50ppm, then squeeze out to obtain sheet material through single screw rod unit, extruder temperature is controlled 165
DEG C, obtained sheet thickness is 0.4mm.Sheet material is formed using positive and negative pressing machine, and the heating temperature of positive and negative pressing machine is 120
DEG C, molding time 4s finally carries out cutting edge, the final finished product biodegrade seedlings nursing plate of punching.
Refined biometric degradation seedlings nursing plate obtained is for the vegetables nursery such as spinach, wild cabbage, broccoli, growing-seedling period 20-
25 days.
The micro- fertile type of 1 embodiment 1-8 of table and dosage illustrate table
Although some specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail by example, the skill of this field
Art personnel it should be understood that above example merely to being illustrated, the range being not intended to be limiting of the invention.The skill of this field
Art personnel are it should be understood that can without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention modify to above embodiments.This hair
Bright range is defined by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting, which is characterized in that by weight, including it is following
Component: full 50-80 parts of biology base degradative resin, biological 10-40 parts and 0.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent of based filler.
2. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that press
Parts by weight further include micro- fertilizer no more than 6 parts.
3. according to claim 2 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
Stating micro- fertilizer includes one of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum and nickel element compound or combination.
4. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
Stating full biology base degradative resin is polylactic acid (PLA), polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester (PBAT), poly-succinic fourth
Diol ester (PBS), poly butylene succinate-tetramethylene adipate (PBSA), lined polymethyl ethylene carbonate (PPC), poly- second
One of alkyd (PGA) or combination.
5. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
Stating auxiliary agent is one of plasticizer, compatilizer, lubricant or combination.
6. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
Stating biological based filler is one of cornstarch, thermoplastic starch, wood powder, bamboo powder, powdered rice hulls, plant fiber or combination.
7. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that press
Parts by weight, further include the inorganic filler no more than 15 parts, and the inorganic filler is talcum powder, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, mica
One of powder, kaolin, montmorillonite, glass fibre, quartz fibre, alumina silicate fibre or combination.
8. according to claim 1 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
State biodegradable seedlings nursing plate for be at least rice, corn, cotton, oil crops, vegetables and fruits, tobacco leaf, beet, medicinal material and flowers
One of the nursery of crop and being used in be bred as after mechanical seedling separation transplanting plantation, growing-seedling period is 15-60 days.
9. according to claim 2 contain the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting, which is characterized in that institute
After stating biodegradable seedlings nursing plate completion nursery, seedlings nursing plate is implanted into soil together with seedling.
10. a kind of preparation method for containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for machinery transplanting, is used to prepare according to right
It is required that containing the biodegradable seedlings nursing plate of micro- fertilizer suitable for mechanical transplanting described in any one of 1-9, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
(1) mixed raw material: being weighed full biology base degradative resin, biological based filler and auxiliary agent in proportion, mixed using high mixer,
High mixer revolving speed is 500-1200r/min, and incorporation time is 10-25 minutes, obtains mixed raw material；
(2) extruding pelletization: carrying out extruding pelletization to mixed raw material described in step (1) using double screw extruder, obtain pellet,
125-185 DEG C of twin-screw temperature setting, the revolving speed of twin-screw are 100-300r/min；
(3) dry: pellet described in step (2) is dried in vacuum drier, obtains water content < 50ppm drying grain
Material, the parameter of vacuum drier: 80-105 DEG C of temperature, vacuum degree is less than 100Pa, drying time 4-8 hour；
(4) prepare sheet material: dried granules described in step (3) squeeze out to obtain piece through single screw rod or twin-screw sheet extruder
Material, wherein the temperature range of screw rod is set as 145~185 DEG C, and screw speed is 100~300r/min；
(5) form seedlings nursing plate: sheet material described in step (4) is formed using positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine, obtains that micro- fertilizer life can be contained
The heating temperature of object degradation seedlings nursing plate, positive pressure or positive and negative pressing machine is 80-140 DEG C, and molding time is 3-5s/ mould.
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Application publication date: 20190416 |